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1、Passage8Comparableworth(专有名词第一次出现,注意),asastandardappliedtoeliminateinequitiesinpay(插入语,第一遍读时可略读),insists(表观点)thatthevaluesofcertaintasksperformedindissimilarjobscanbecompared.//(第一层:CW的观点)Inthelastdecade(时间状语,可略读),thisapproachhasbecomeacriticalsocialpolicyissue,as(连词,表因果关系)largenumberso
2、fprivate-sectorfirmsandindustriesaswellasfederal,state,andlocalgovernmentalentitieshaveadoptedcomparableworthpoliciesorbeguntoconsiderdoingso.//(第二层:CW的重要性和被接纳广泛性)Thiswidespreadinstitutionalawarenessofcomparableworthindicatesincreasedpublicawarenessthatpayinequities--thatis,situationsin
3、whichpayisnot"fair"becauseitdoesnotreflectthetruevalueofajob(插入语,可略读)--existinthelabormarket.//(第一层:CW的广泛传播提高了对于工资不平等的公众意识)However(结构词,表转折),thequestionstillremains:havethegainsalreadymadeinpayequityundercomparableworthprinciplesbeenofaprecedent-settingnatureoraretheymostlytransitory,afu
4、nctionofconcessionsmadebyemployerstomisleadfemaleemployeesintobelievingthattheyhavemadelong-termpayequitygains?//(第二层:转折引出问题仍然存在,CW制度下取得的进步是先例还是暂时的)Comparableworthpayadjustmentsareindeedprecedent-setting.Becauseof(表原因)theprinciplesdrivingthem,othermandatesthatcanbeappliedtoreduceorelimi
5、nateunjustifiedpaygapsbetweenmaleandfemaleworkershavenotremediedperceivedpayinequitiessatisfactorilyforthelitigantsincasesinwhichmenandwomenholddifferentjobs.//(第一层:明确表明CW确实是先例&其原因)But(结构词,表转折)whenevercomparableworthprinciplesareappliedtopayschedules,perceivedunjustifiedpaydifferencesar
6、eeliminated.Inthissense,then,comparableworthismorecomprehensive(正评价词)than(出现比较,注意比较双方)othermandates,suchas(举例,第一遍读时可略读)theEqualPayActof1963andTitleVIIoftheCivilRightsActof1964.Neithercomparestasksindissimilarjobs(thatis,jobsacrossoccupationalcategories)(可略读)inanefforttodeterminewhethero
7、rnotwhatisnecessarytoperformthesetasks--know-how,problem-solving,andaccountability--(可略读)canbequantifiedintermsofitsdollarvaluetotheemployer.//(第二层:与其它政策相比,CW更加全面&其它政策的缺点)Comparableworth,ontheotherhand,takesasitspremisethatcertaintasksindissimilarjobsmayrequireasimilaramountoft