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1、Passage8Comparableworth（专有名词第一次出现，注意）,asastandardappliedtoeliminateinequitiesinpay（插入语，第一遍读时可略读）,insists（表观点）thatthevaluesofcertaintasksperformedindissimilarjobscanbecompared.//（第一层：CW的观点）Inthelastdecade（时间状语，可略读）,thisapproachhasbecomeacriticalsocialpolicyissu
2、e,as（连词，表因果关系）largenumbersofprivate-sectorfirmsandindustriesaswellasfederal,state,andlocalgovernmentalentitieshaveadoptedcomparableworthpoliciesorbeguntoconsiderdoingso.//（第二层：CW的重要性和被接纳广泛性）Thiswidespreadinstitutionalawarenessofcomparableworthindicatesincrease
3、dpublicawarenessthatpayinequities--thatis,situationsinwhichpayisnot"fair"becauseitdoesnotreflectthetruevalueofajob（插入语，可略读）--existinthelabormarket.//（第一层：CW的广泛传播提高了对于工资不平等的公众意识）However（结构词，表转折）,thequestionstillremains:havethegainsalreadymadeinpayequityundercom
4、parableworthprinciplesbeenofaprecedent-settingnatureoraretheymostlytransitory,afunctionofconcessionsmadebyemployerstomisleadfemaleemployeesintobelievingthattheyhavemadelong-termpayequitygains?//（第二层：转折引出问题仍然存在，CW制度下取得的进步是先例还是暂时的）Comparableworthpayadjustmentsar
5、eindeedprecedent-setting.Becauseof（表原因）theprinciplesdrivingthem,othermandatesthatcanbeappliedtoreduceoreliminateunjustifiedpaygapsbetweenmaleandfemaleworkershavenotremediedperceivedpayinequitiessatisfactorilyforthelitigantsincasesinwhichmenandwomenholddifferen
6、tjobs.//（第一层：明确表明CW确实是先例&其原因）But（结构词，表转折）whenevercomparableworthprinciplesareappliedtopayschedules,perceivedunjustifiedpaydifferencesareeliminated.Inthissense,then,comparableworthismorecomprehensive（正评价词）than（出现比较，注意比较双方）othermandates,suchas（举例，第一遍读时可略读）theEqu
7、alPayActof1963andTitleVIIoftheCivilRightsActof1964.Neithercomparestasksindissimilarjobs(thatis,jobsacrossoccupationalcategories)（可略读）inanefforttodeterminewhetherornotwhatisnecessarytoperformthesetasks--know-how,problem-solving,andaccountability--（可略读）canbequan
8、tifiedintermsofitsdollarvaluetotheemployer.//（第二层：与其它政策相比，CW更加全面&其它政策的缺点）Comparableworth,ontheotherhand,takesasitspremisethatcertaintasksindissimilarjobsmayrequireasimilaramountoft
