化工专业英语复习资料2014

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1、transient瞬时的assumed假设的boundary边界uniform相同的，恒定的value值boiling沸腾surface表面sub-cooled过冷的significant显著的mechanisms机理moisture潮湿condensate冷凝contact接触efficient有效率的batch间歇的continuous连续的local局部latent潜在的fractionatingcolumn精馏柱capacity容量distributions分布aging老化pickling酸洗amorphous无定形的hold保留，控制Silicagel硅胶hydrocarb

2、ons碳氢化合物equilibrium平衡subsystems子系统，次级系统fundamentalprinciples基本原理evaporation蒸发blackbody黑体emptyspace真空区concentration浓缩visiblelight可见光radiation辐射distillate馏出液acetonitrile已腈precipitation沉淀cation阳离子hydroxide氢氧化物chromatography层析recrystallization重结晶sublimation升华physisorption物理吸附activatedcarbon活性炭hydrop

3、hilic亲水性heatexchanger换热器用英文解释下列单词含义（自己在课件中找）Heattransfer:传热Heatexchanger：换热器Precipitation：沉淀Separationprocess：分离过程Dropwisecondensation：液滴冷凝Steadystateconduction：稳态传导Forcedconvection：强制对流Afractionatingcolumn：精馏塔Distillation：蒸馏Raoult'slaw：拉乌尔定律Filmwisecondensation：薄膜冷凝TubeLayout：管布局Wasteheatrecove

4、ryunits：余热回收装置Laboratoryfractionatingcolumns：实验室用精馏柱Dalton'slaw：道尔顿定律Continuousdistillation：连续蒸馏Freezedrying：冷冻干燥HeatConduction:热传导Naturalconvection：自然对流HeatRadiation：热辐射翻译（自己翻译）1.Historically,thedifferentchemicalindustrieswereregardedasdifferentindustrialprocessesandwithdifferentprinciples.In19

5、23WilliamH.Walker,WarrenK.LewisandWilliamH.McAdamswrotethebookThePrinciplesofChemicalEngineeringandexplainedthevarietyofchemicalindustrieshaveprocesseswhichfollowthesamephysicallaws.Theysummed-upthesesimilarprocessesintounitoperations.Eachunitoperationfollows(遵循）thesamephysicallawsandmaybeusedin

6、allchemicalindustries.Theunitoperationsformthefundamentalprinciplesofchemicalengineering.从历史上看，不同的化学工业被视为不同的工业流程和不同的原则。威廉.H.沃克，沃伦.K.刘易斯和威廉.H.麦克亚当斯在1923年写这本书，化工原理，并解释说，化工等行业的各种过程，遵循相同的物理定律，可用于所有的化学工业。化工单元操作构成了化工系统的基本原则。2.Forthermoeconomicoptimizationitissuggestedthatthebafflesbespacednocloserthan

7、20%oftheshell’sinnerdiameter.Havingbafflesspacedtoocloselycausesagreaterpressuredropbecauseofflowredirection.Consequentlyhavingthebafflesspacedtoofarapartmeansthattheremaybecoolerspotsinthecornersbetweenbaffles.Itisalsoimpor