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1、99TheFifthDisciplineTheFifthDiscipline1"GIVEMEALEVERLONGENOUGH...ANDSINGLE-HANDEDICANMOVETHEWORLD"Fromaveryearlyage,wearetaughttobreakapartproblems,tofragmenttheworld.Thisapparentlymakescomplextasksandsubjectsmoremanageable,butwepayahidden,enormousprice.Wecannolongerseetheconsequenceso
2、fouractions;weloseourintrinsicsenseofconnectiontoalargerwhole.Whenwethentryto"seethebigpicture,"wetrytoreassemblethefragmentsinourminds,tolistandorganizeallthepieces.But,asphysicistDavidBohmsays,thetaskisfutile—similartotryingtoreassemblethefragmentsofabrokenmirrortoseeatruereflection.
3、Thus,afterawhilewegiveuptryingtoseethewholealtogether.Thetoolsandideaspresentedinthisbookarefordestroyingtheillusionthattheworldiscreatedofseparate,unrelatedforces.Whenwegiveupthisillusion—wecanthenbuild"learningorganizations,"organizationswherepeoplecontinuallyexpandtheircapacitytocre
4、atetheresultstheytrulydesire,wherenewandexpansivepatternsofthinkingarenurtured,wherecollectiveaspirationissetfree,andwherepeoplearecontinuallylearninghowtolearntogether.AsFortunemagazinerecentlysaid,"Forgetyourtiredoldideasaboutleadership.Themostsuccessfulcorporationofthe1990swillbesom
5、ethingcalledalearningorganization.""Theabilitytolearnfasterthanyourcompetitors,"saidArieDeGeus,headofplanningforRoyalDutch/Shell,"maybetheonlysustainablecompetitiveadvantage."Astheworldbecomesmoreinterconnectedandbusinessbecomesmorecomplexanddynamic,workmustbecomemore"learningful."Itis
6、nolongersufficienttohaveonepersonlearningfortheorganization,aFordoraSloanoraWatson.It'sjustnotpossibleanylongerto"figureitout"fromthetop,andhaveeveryoneelsefollowingtheordersofthe"grandstrategist."Theorganizationsthatwilltrulyexcelinthefuturewillbetheorganizationsthatdiscoverhowtotappe
7、ople'scommitmentandcapacitytolearnatalllevelsinanorganization.Learningorganizationsarepossiblebecause,deepdown,wearealllearners.Noonehastoteachaninfanttolearn.Infact,noonehastoteachinfantsanything.Theyareintrinsicallyinquisitive,masterfullearnerswholearntowalk,speak,andprettymuchrunt
