公司理财汇总整理

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1、第一章1.11Thethreequestions1）Whatlong-terminvestmentsFixedAssets1Tangible2Intangible2）HowcanthefirmraisethemoneyCurrentLiabilities;Long-TermDebt;Shareholders’Equity3）Howmuchshort-termcashflowdoesacompanyneedtopayitsbills?2BalanceSheet1)A=S+BTotalValueofAssets=Shareholders’Equity+TheCapitalBudgetingDec

2、ision2)NWC:CurrentAssets-CurrentLiabilities3Capitalstructure(P4)Theanswertothisinvolvesthefirm’sCapitalstructure,whichrepresentstheproportionsofthefirm’sfinancingfromcurrentandlong-termdebtandequity这一问题又涉及到资金结构，它表示公司短期及长期负债与股东权益的比例TheCapitalStructuredecisioncanbeviewedashowbesttosliceupathepie.v=B+

3、S4CashFlowv.s.NetIncomecashflow现金流量：是指一定会计期间企业现金和现金等价物的流入和流出。netincome净收益：是指企业当期利润总额减去所得税后的金额price价格，CashFlow：IdentificationofCashFlow;TimingofCashFlow;RiskofCashFlow(P7-8)NetIncome①Inbusiness,whatremainsaftersubtractingallthecosts(namely,business,depreciation,interest,andtaxes)fromacompany'srevenu

4、es.Netincomeissometimescalledthebottomline.alsocalledearningsornetprofit.②Foranindividual,grossincomeminustaxes,allowances,anddeductions.Anindividual'snetincomeisusedtodeterminehowmuchincometaxisowed.1.2payoff(p9)1.3ThecorprateFirm(p10)Thesoleproprietorship（个体业主制）-Asoleproprietorshipisabusinessowne

5、dbyoneperson•ThePartnership--GeneralPartnership，LimitedPartnership•TheCorporation•AdvantagesandDisadvantages：①LiquidityandMarketabilityofOwnership②Control③Liability④ContinuityofExistence⑤TaxConsiderationsThepartnership合伙制：AtwoormorepersoncangettoghterandformapartnershipThecorporation公司制1.4Goalsofth

6、eCorporateFirmThetraditionalansweristhatthemanagersofthecorporationareobligedtomakeeffortstomaximizeshareholderwealth.1.5FinancialMarkets•PrimaryMarket–Whenacorporationissuessecurities,cashflowsfrominvestorstothefirm.–Usuallyanunderwriterisinvolved•SecondaryMarkets–Involvethesaleof“used”securitiesf

7、romoneinvestortoanother.–Securitiesmaybeexchangetradedortradeover-the-counterinadealermarket.第二章AccountingStatementsandCashFlow(会计报表与现金流量)2.1TheBalanceSheet(资产负债表)Thebalancesheetisanaccountant′ssnapshotofth