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1、文献综述附录3英文原文HowCarSuspensionsWorkByWilliamHarrisUniversityofMichiganWhenpeoplethinkofautomobileperformance,theynormallythinkofhorsepower,torqueandzero-to-60acceleration.Butallofthepowergeneratedbyapistonengineisuselessifthedrivercan'tcontrolthecar.That'swhyautomobileengineersturnedtheirattent
2、iontothesuspensionsystemalmostassoonastheyhadmasteredthefour-strokeinternalcombustionengine.PhotocourtesyHondaMotorCo.,Ltd.Double-wishbonesuspensiononHondaAccord2005CoupeThejobofacarsuspensionistomaximizethefrictionbetweenthetiresandtheroadsurface,toprovidesteeringstabilitywithgoodhandlingan
3、dtoensurethecomfortofthepassengers.Inthisarticle,we'llexplorehowcarsuspensionswork,howthey'veevolvedovertheyearsandwherethedesignofsuspensionsisheadedinthefuture.英文原文VehicleDynamicsIfaroadwereperfectlyflat,withnoirregularities,suspensionswouldn'tbenecessary.Butroadsarefarfromflat.Evenfreshly
4、pavedhighwayshavesubtleimperfectionsthatcaninteractwiththewheelsofacar.It'stheseimperfectionsthatapplyforcestothewheels.AccordingtoNewton'slawsofmotion,allforceshavebothmagnitudeanddirection.Abumpintheroadcausesthewheeltomoveupanddownperpendiculartotheroadsurface.Themagnitude,ofcourse,depend
5、sonwhetherthewheelisstrikingagiantbumporatinyspeck.Eitherway,thecarwheelexperiencesaverticalaccelerationasitpassesoveranimperfection.Withoutaninterveningstructure,allofwheel'sverticalenergyistransferredtotheframe,whichmovesinthesamedirection.Insuchasituation,thewheelscanlosecontactwiththeroa
6、dcompletely.Then,underthedownwardforceofgravity,thewheelscanslambackintotheroadsurface.Whatyouneedisasystemthatwillabsorbtheenergyoftheverticallyacceleratedwheel,allowingtheframeandbodytorideundisturbedwhilethewheelsfollowbumpsintheroad.Thestudyoftheforcesatworkonamovingcariscalledvehicledyn
7、amics,andyouneedtounderstandsomeoftheseconceptsinordertoappreciatewhya英文原文suspensionisnecessaryinthefirstplace.Mostautomobileengineersconsiderthedynamicsofamovingcarfromtwoperspectives:Ride-acar'sabilitytosmoothoutabumpyroadHandling-acar'sabilityto