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1、文献综述附录3英文原文HowCarSuspensionsWorkByWilliamHarrisUniversityofMichiganWhenpeoplethinkofautomobileperformance,theynormallythinkofhorsepower,torqueandzero-to-60acceleration.Butallofthepowergeneratedbyapistonengineisuselessifthedrivercan'tcontrolthecar.That'swhyaut
2、omobileengineersturnedtheirattentiontothesuspensionsystemalmostassoonastheyhadmasteredthefour-strokeinternalcombustionengine.PhotocourtesyHondaMotorCo.,Ltd.Double-wishbonesuspensiononHondaAccord2005CoupeThejobofacarsuspensionistomaximizethefrictionbetweenthet
3、iresandtheroadsurface,toprovidesteeringstabilitywithgoodhandlingandtoensurethecomfortofthepassengers.Inthisarticle,we'llexplorehowcarsuspensionswork,howthey'veevolvedovertheyearsandwherethedesignofsuspensionsisheadedinthefuture.英文原文VehicleDynamicsIfaroadwerep
4、erfectlyflat,withnoirregularities,suspensionswouldn'tbenecessary.Butroadsarefarfromflat.Evenfreshlypavedhighwayshavesubtleimperfectionsthatcaninteractwiththewheelsofacar.It'stheseimperfectionsthatapplyforcestothewheels.AccordingtoNewton'slawsofmotion,allforce
5、shavebothmagnitudeanddirection.Abumpintheroadcausesthewheeltomoveupanddownperpendiculartotheroadsurface.Themagnitude,ofcourse,dependsonwhetherthewheelisstrikingagiantbumporatinyspeck.Eitherway,thecarwheelexperiencesaverticalaccelerationasitpassesoveranimperfe
6、ction.Withoutaninterveningstructure,allofwheel'sverticalenergyistransferredtotheframe,whichmovesinthesamedirection.Insuchasituation,thewheelscanlosecontactwiththeroadcompletely.Then,underthedownwardforceofgravity,thewheelscanslambackintotheroadsurface.Whatyou
7、needisasystemthatwillabsorbtheenergyoftheverticallyacceleratedwheel,allowingtheframeandbodytorideundisturbedwhilethewheelsfollowbumpsintheroad.Thestudyoftheforcesatworkonamovingcariscalledvehicledynamics,andyouneedtounderstandsomeoftheseconceptsinordertoappre
8、ciatewhya英文原文suspensionisnecessaryinthefirstplace.Mostautomobileengineersconsiderthedynamicsofamovingcarfromtwoperspectives:Ride-acar'sabilitytosmoothoutabumpyroadHandling-acar'sabilityto
