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1、文献综述附录3英文原文HowCarSuspensionsWorkByWilliamHarrisUniversityofMichiganWhenpeoplethinkofautomobileperformance,theynormallythinkofhorsepower,torqueandzero-to-60acceleration.Butallofthepowergeneratedbyapistonengineisuselessifthedrivercan'tcontrolthecar.That'swhyautomobileengineersturnedtheirattentiontot
2、hesuspensionsystemalmostassoonastheyhadmasteredthefour-strokeinternalcombustionengine.PhotocourtesyHondaMotorCo.,Ltd.Double-wishbonesuspensiononHondaAccord2005CoupeThejobofacarsuspensionistomaximizethefrictionbetweenthetiresandtheroadsurface,toprovidesteeringstabilitywithgoodhandlingandtoensurethe
3、comfortofthepassengers.Inthisarticle,we'llexplorehowcarsuspensionswork,howthey'veevolvedovertheyearsandwherethedesignofsuspensionsisheadedinthefuture.英文原文VehicleDynamicsIfaroadwereperfectlyflat,withnoirregularities,suspensionswouldn'tbenecessary.Butroadsarefarfromflat.Evenfreshlypavedhighwayshaves
4、ubtleimperfectionsthatcaninteractwiththewheelsofacar.It'stheseimperfectionsthatapplyforcestothewheels.AccordingtoNewton'slawsofmotion,allforceshavebothmagnitudeanddirection.Abumpintheroadcausesthewheeltomoveupanddownperpendiculartotheroadsurface.Themagnitude,ofcourse,dependsonwhetherthewheelisstri
5、kingagiantbumporatinyspeck.Eitherway,thecarwheelexperiencesaverticalaccelerationasitpassesoveranimperfection.Withoutaninterveningstructure,allofwheel'sverticalenergyistransferredtotheframe,whichmovesinthesamedirection.Insuchasituation,thewheelscanlosecontactwiththeroadcompletely.Then,underthedownw
6、ardforceofgravity,thewheelscanslambackintotheroadsurface.Whatyouneedisasystemthatwillabsorbtheenergyoftheverticallyacceleratedwheel,allowingtheframeandbodytorideundisturbedwhilethewheelsfollowbumpsintheroad.Thestudyoftheforcesatworkonamovingcariscalledvehicledynamics,andyouneedtounderstandsomeofth
7、eseconceptsinordertoappreciatewhya英文原文suspensionisnecessaryinthefirstplace.Mostautomobileengineersconsiderthedynamicsofamovingcarfromtwoperspectives:Ride-acar'sabilitytosmoothoutabumpyroadHandling-acar'sabilityto
