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1、浅谈英语语法及其分类likeanyotherlivinglanguageintheents:pronunciation,vocabularyandgrammar.Pronunciationisthematerialoutershellofalanguage,orthematerialforminmardealsaticlas,inflexionsandakesentences.Grammarisoftenparedtotheplasterandskeletondesignsofbuildingofalanguage.Letusdraakeclearer
2、therelationbetents.Supposingalanguageisabuilding,thenpronunciationisitsoutershape,vocabularyisthematerialofconstruction(suchasbrick,tile,reinforcebars,cement,etc.)andgrammarisjustlikethedesignsandtechniquesofconstruction.Amongthethreeessentialelements,pronunciation,asthematerial
3、basisoftheexistenceofalanguage,isprimary;vocabularyliesonthecentralpositionastheotherteansofit,maristheusefulandnecessarytoolforustostudyandusealanguage.orphologyandSyntax.c.Theanalysisofsentenceismademoreorlessaccordingtotheirmeanings(thusalsocalled“notionalgrammar”).Itisemphas
4、izedthatonelanguageformexpressesonlyoneconceptofidea.ThemainschoolsofPrescriptiveGrammarare:a.SchoolGrammar---theonepiledforteachingalanguageinththschoolsfromthe18centurytothe20century.b.PracticalGrammar---theoneusedtomaster,ormoreexactly,tohelpthemandofaforeignlanguage.c.Tradit
5、ionalGrammar---allthegrammarschoolsdifferentfromDescriptiveGrammarandExplanatoryGrammar.Thoughlastingforover2,000years,ithasnoactualdefinition.Generallyspeaking,itreferstotheterms,rules,conceptsandtheoriestakenandcarriedonfromthealmarmechanically.Theyinsistupondescribingobjectiv
6、elyandindetailthepracticaluseofalanguage,andanalyzingitaccordingtoitsstructuresandfunctions.ItisemphasizedthatoneconceptofideacanbeexpressedindifferentemainschoolsofDescriptiveGrammar:a.StructuralGrammar---thechiefvieely,oralformsarepriortoustbespoken.Theconcretestepsofanalysisa
7、retakenatthreelevels:first,thephoneme;then,themorpheme;andfinally,sentencepatterns.Thestructuralgrammariansareopposedtodividingeaning,butinsistondescribingalanguagebyitsforms.b.FunctionalGrammar---TheBritishLinguistM.A.K.Hallidayunicativetoolanbeings,andcoherentcontents.Anotherf
8、eatureofFunctionGrammaristostudydeeplyvariousty
