电子电气类专业毕业设计外文翻译

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1、附录一：外文原文Supercapacitors-AnOverviewKeywords:Electrostaticcapacitor;Electrolyticcapacitor;Ceramiccapacitor;Electricaldoublelayercapacitor;SuperCapacitor1.INTRODUCTIONThispaperoffersaconcisereviewontherenaissanceofaconventionalcapacitortoelectrochemicaldoublelayercapacitororsuper

2、capacitor.Capacitorsarefundamentalelectricalcircuitelementsthatstoreelectricalenergyintheorderofmicrofaradsandassistinfiltering.Capacitorshavetwomainapplications;oneofwhichisafunctiontochargeordischargeelectricity.Thisfunctionisappliedtosmoothingcircuitsofpowersupplies,backupc

3、ircuitsofmicrocomputers,andtimercircuitsthatmakeuseoftheperiodstochargeordischargeelectricity.TheotherisafunctiontoblocktheflowofDC.Thisfunctionisappliedtofiltersthatextractoreliminateparticularfrequencies.Thisisindispensabletocircuitswhereexcellentfrequencycharacteristicsarer

4、equired.Electrolyticcapacitorsarenextgenerationcapacitorswhicharecommercializedinfullscale.Theyaresimilartobatteriesincellconstructionbuttheanodeandcathodematerialsremainthesame.Theyarealuminum,tantalumandceramiccapacitorswheretheyusesolid/liquidelectrolyteswithaseparatorbetwe

5、entwosymmetricalelectrodes.Anelectrochemicalcapacitor(EC),oftencalledaSupercapacitororUltracapacitor,storeselectricalchargeintheelectricdoublelayeratasurface-electrolyteinterface,primarilyinhigh-surface-areacarbon.Becauseofthehighsurfaceareaandthethinnessofthedoublelayer,these

6、devicescanhaveveryahighspecificandvolumetriccapacitance.Thisenablesthemtocombineapreviouslyunattainablecapacitancedensitywithanessentiallyunlimitedcharge/dischargecyclelife.Theoperationalvoltagepercell,limitedonlybythebreakdownpotentialoftheelectrolyte,isusually<1or<3voltsperc

7、ellforaqueousororganicelectrolytesrespectively.Theconceptofstoringelectricalenergyintheelectricdoublelayerthatisformedattheinterfacebetweenanelectrolyteandasolidhasbeenknownsincethelate1800s.Thefirstelectricaldeviceusingdouble-layerchargestoragewasreportedin1957byH.I.BeckerofG

8、eneralElectric(U.S.Patent2,800,616).Unfortunately,Becker’sdev