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1、PatentLaw–Golden–Fall2004I.Patentability/Validity1A.PatentableSubjectMatter1B.Utility2C.Novelty4D.Priority7E.Nonobviousness9F.StatutoryBars11G.Disclosure&Enablement13II.Infringement14A.ClaimConstruction14B.LiteralInfringement16C.DoctrineofEquivalents&ProsecutionHistoryEstoppel
2、17D.IndirectInfringement20E.Remedies21III.Policy22A.GlobalDifferences22I.Patentability/ValidityA.PatentableSubjectMatter1)Statutes:§101.InventionsPatentable:Whoeverinventsordiscoversanynewandusefulprocess,machine,manufacture,orcompositionofmatter,oranynewandusefulimprovementth
3、ereof,mayobtainapatenttherefore,subjecttotheconditionsandrequirementsofthistitle.§100.Definitions:Whenusedinthistitleunlessthecontextotherwiseindicates–(a)“Invention”meansinventionordiscovery(b)“Process”meansprocess,artormethod,andincludesanewuseofaknownprocess,machine,manufac
4、ture,compositionofmatter,ormaterial2)EvidentiaryStandard:a)Questionoflaw3)Doctrine:a)“Anythingunderthesunthatismadebyman”ispatentableBUTNOT“lawsofnature,physicalphenomena,andabstractideas”Diamondv.CHAKRABARTY(U.S.1980),CBp.66-77:i)Theinquiryshouldfocuson“theessentialcharacteri
5、sticsofthesubjectmatter,inparticular,itspracticalutility”STATESTREETBank&TrustCo.v.SignatureFinancialGroup,Inc.(Fed.Cir.1998),CBp.156-165ii)Livingthings:(1)PatentableIFmademyman–e.g.,geneticallyengineeredmicro-organismDiamondv.CHAKRABARTY(U.S.1980),CBp.66-77,Oncomouse(U.S.only
6、)Harvard/ONCOMOUSE,CBp.129-30n.5–UNLESSahumanbeingorhuman-animalhybrid(“chimera”)(2)NOTpatentableotherwiseii)Substancesfoundinnature:(1)PatentableIFnotinnaturallyoccurringform–e.g.,saltpurifiedfromnaturally-occurringadrenalinePARKE-DAVISv.H.K.Mulford&Co.(L.Hand,1911),CBp.97-10
7、4,DNAsequence–BUTNOTifmerelyamixtureofnaturallyoccurringthingswithnochangeinproperties–e.g.,mixtureofnaturallyoccurringbacteriaFUNKBROS.SeedCo.v.KaloInoculantCo.(U.S.1948),CBp.104-108(2)NOTpatentableotherwise–e.g.,anewlydiscoveredmineralfoundintheground,anewplantfoundinthewild
8、Diamondv.CHAKRABARTY(U.S.1980),CBp.66-77iii)Mathematicalproce
