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1、103EVIDENCEOUTLINE1.WHYWEHAVERULESOFEVIDENCEANDHOWTHEYWORKINADVERSARYSYSTEM1.WhyRules?(1)1.WhyEvidenceLawAtAll?1.Mistrustofjuries1.hearsaydoctrineb/cwethinklayjurycan'tevaluateout-of-courtstatements2.rulesgoverningcharacterevidenceassumejuriesplacetoomuchweightonsuchproof,orusep
2、unitively2.servesubstantivepoliciesrelatedtomatterbeinglitigated1.i.e.rulesthatsetandallocateburdensofpersuasionare“substantiveevidencelaw”,b/coutcomedeterminativeasmuchaspurelysubstantiveprinciples2.Phasbetterchanceifcanprovecaseby“preponderanceoftheevidence”asopposedto“clearan
3、dconvincing”3.extrinsicsubstantivepolicies1.rulesseektoaffectbehaviororqualityoflifeoutsidecourtroom1.i.e.spousalprivilegesaimtoprotectmarriage4.accuratefact-finding1.rulesgoverningauthenticationofdocumentstrytoensureaccuracy5.pragmatic1.Rulesallowtrialjudgetocontrol/confinedisp
4、uteinordertocontrolscopeanddurationoftrials–1.Rule403permitsjudgetoexcludeotherwiseadmissibleevidenceb/citwouldtaketoomuchtimeandmightconfusejury2.Rule611–judgecontrolssequenceofproof&examinationsofwitnesses2.WhyRulesRatherthanCommonLaw?(2)1.Accessibility,easilyread,freelyavaila
5、ble(unlikecommonlawrulesthatpreceded)2.FREapplyinfedcourtsinbothcivilandcriminalcases,andusuallywhetherfederalorstatelawsuppliesruleofdecision1.Exception:indiversitycaseswherefedcourtsapplystatesubstantivelaw,Rulesrequirestateevidencerulesinlimited(potentiallyoutcomedeterminativ
6、e)areas–presumptions,competency,andprivileges[Erieissue]2.WhatHappensAtTrial(5)1.JurySelection–voirdire,preemptivechallenges,challenges“forcause”2.OpeningStatement–partybearingburdenofpersuasion(plaintiff,prosecutor)goes1st–duringopeningjurylearnsbackgroundfactsaboutparties,huma
7、nizing,etc3.PresentationofProof–partytriestobuildowncase,teardownoppt.Ordinarilyburdenofpersuasiongoesfirst.1.Case-in-chief(P,thenD)1.examination2.direct3.aftereverydirect,opptgetschangeforXE4.then“redirect”5.“reXE”6.etc7.introducestangibleevidence(demonstrativeevidence),real/or
8、iginalevid.8.DemonstrativeEvidencetangibleevide
