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1、ContextEdwardMorganforsterwasbornintoacomfortableLondonfamilyin1879.Hisfather,anarchitect,diedwhenForsterwasveryyoung,leavingtheboytoberaisedbyhismotherandgreat aunt.Forsterprovedtobeabrightstudent,andhewentontoattendCambridgeUniversity,graduatingin1901.Hespentmuchofthenextdecadetravel
2、ingandlivingabroad,dividinghistimebetweenworkingasajournalistandwritingshortstoriesandnovels.ManyofForster’sobservationsandexperiencesfromthistimefigureinhisfiction,mostnotablyARoomwithaView(1908),whichchroniclestheexperiencesofagroupofEnglishpeoplevacationinginItaly.TwoyearsafterARoom
3、withaView,thenovelHowardsEnd(1910),inwhichForstercriticizedtheclassdivisionsandprejudicesofEdwardianEngland,solidifiedhisreputationasasocialcriticandamasterofincisivelyobservationalfiction.LongbeforeForsterfirstvisitedIndia,hehadalreadygainedavividpictureofitspeopleandplacesfromayoungI
4、ndianMuslimnamedSyedRossMasood,whomForsterbegantutoringinEnglandstartingin1906.ForsterandMasoodbecameveryclose,andMasoodintroducedForstertoseveralofhisIndianfriends.EchoesofthefriendshipbetweenthetwocanbeseeninthecharactersofFieldingandAzizinAPassagetoIndia.BythetimeForsterfirstvisited
5、India,in1912,theEnglishmanwaswellpreparedforhistravelsthroughoutthecountry.AtthetimeofForster’svisit,theBritishgovernmenthadbeenofficiallyrulingIndiasince1858,afterthefailedSepoyRebellionin1857,inwhichIndiansattemptedtoregainrulefromtheBritishEastIndiaCompany.TheEastIndiaCompany,apriva
6、telyownedtradingconcern,hadbeengainingfinancialandpoliticalpowerinIndiasincetheseventeenthcentury.BythetimeofForster’svisit,Britain’scontroloverIndiawascomplete:EnglishgovernorsheadedeachprovinceandwereresponsibletoParliament.ThoughEnglandhadpromisedtheIndianpeoplearoleingovernmentinex
7、changefortheiraidduringWorldWarI,Indiadidnotwinindependenceuntilthreedecadeslater,in1949.ForsterspenttimewithbothEnglishmenandIndiansduringhisvisit,andhequicklyfoundhepreferredthecompanyofthelatter.HewastroubledbytheracialoppressionanddeepculturalmisunderstandingsthatdividedtheIndian
