multilayer subcontracting of specialist works in bu

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1、Life-cyclecost¨Cbenefitanalysisofextensivevegetatedroofsystems??OriginalResearchArticleJournalofEnvironmentalManagement,Volume87,Issue3,May2008,Pages350-363TimothyCarter,AndrewKeeler?Closepreview??

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6、ReferencesReferencesAbstractThebuiltenvironmenthasbeenasignificantcauseofenvironmentaldegradationinthepreviouslyundevelopedlandscape.Aspublicandprivateinterestinrestoringtheenvironmentalintegrityofurbanareascontinuestoincrease,newconstructionpracticesarebeingdevelopedthatexplicitlyvaluebeneficia

7、lenvironmentalcharacteristics.Theuseofvegetationonarooftop¡ªcommonlycalledagreenroof¡ªasanalternativetotraditionalroofingmaterialsisanincreasinglyutilizedexampleofsuchpractices.Thevegetationandgrowingmediaperformanumberoffunctionsthatimproveenvironmentalperformance,including:absorptionofrainfall,

8、reductionofrooftemperatures,improvementinambientairquality,andprovisionofurbanhabitat.Abetteraccountingofthegreenroof'stotalcostsandbenefitstosocietyandtotheprivatesectorwillaidinthedesignofpolicyinstrumentsandeducationalmaterialsthataffectindividualdecisionsaboutgreenroofconstruction.Thisstudyus

9、esdatacollectedfromanexperimentalgreenroofplottodevelopabenefitcostanalysis(BCA)forthelifecycleofextensive(thinlayer)greenroofsystemsinanurbanwatershed.Theresultsfromthisanalysisarecomparedwithatraditionalroofingscenario.Thenetpresentvalue(NPV)ofthistypeofgreenroofcurrentlyrangesfrom10%to14%moree

10、xpensivethanitsconventionalcounterpart.Areductionof20%ingreenroofconstructioncostwouldmakethesocialNPVofthepracticelessthantraditionalroofNPV.Consideringthepositivesocialbenefitsandrelativelynovelnatureofthepractice,incentivesencouragingtheuseofthispracticeinhighlyurbanizedwatershedsarestronglyre

11、commended.ArticleOutline1.Introduction1.1.Designingrooftopsforsustainability1.2.Greenroofs:multifunctionalroofsurfaces1.3.Economicanalysisofgreenroofs2.Materialsandmethods2.1.Projectsiteandtestplot2.2.BCAframework2.3.D