浙江省乐清湾围塘养殖泥蚶繁殖生物学研究

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1、浙江省乐清湾围塘养殖泥蚶繁殖生物学研究于铭茹YUMing-ru(国家海洋标准计量中心，天津300112)(NationalCenterofOceanStandardsandMetrology,Tianjin300112，China)2010年3月至2011年2月对浙江省温州市乐清湾围塘养殖的泥蚶的繁殖生物学性状、繁殖周期及其与环境因子(温度、盐度和叶绿素a含量)的关系进行了研究。结果显示，温度和叶绿素a含量存在明显的季节变化并影响泥蚶的配子发育，盐度因受降雨量影响明显，对泥蚶的产卵时间存在一定影响。乐清湾的泥蚶性腺发

2、育为一年一个周期，配子发生开始于3-4月，水温为16.6-20.6°C。大部分泥蚶个体在6至7月进入成熟期，7月后大规模产卵排放。泥蚶的卵细胞直径呈显著的周年变化(P<0.05),从3月(10.0μm)开始增加，6月达最大值(46.4μm)。随着产卵的发生，卵径急剧减小，至8月，卵径降低至16.0μmo卵径周年变化与配子发育周期具有明显的相关性，表明卵径可以作为判断泥蚶性腺成熟度的一个良好指标。Abstract:Thereproductivebiologytraitsandthereprodu

3、ctivecycleinrelationtoenvironmentalconditionsoftheaquacultureTegillarcagranosafromthebayofYueqinginZhejiangProvincewasstudiedfromMarch2010toFebruary2011.Accordingtotheanalysis,therewereseasonalvariationsintemperatureandchlorophyllaconcentration.Rainfallhadasign

4、ificanteffectonsalinitywhichhadacertaininfluenceonspawningtime.Accordingtothemorphologicandhistologicalcharacters,thesexglanddevelopmentofTegillarcagranosawasdividedintofivephasesasfollows:proliferatingstage,growingstage,maturingstage,spawningstageandrestingsta

5、ge.Byobservingtheseasonalchangesintheconditionindexandthechangesinsexglandinhistologicalsections,itwasconsideredthatthesexglanddevelopmentofTegillarcagranosahasonlyonecycleinayearfromtheYueqingbay.HistologicalanalysisindicatedthatthegametogenesisofT.granosabega

6、ninMarchandAprilwhenwatertemperaturewas16.6-20.6°CMostoftheT.granosamaturedinJune-July,andamassivespawningoccurredafterJuly.Themeanoocytediametershowedsignificantdifferencesamongmonths(P<O.O5).Itincreasedfrom10.0μminMarch,reachedamaximumvalueof46.4μmin

7、June,decreasedsharplyafterspawning,andattainedaminimumvalueof16.0μminAugest.TherelationshipbetweenthesizeofoocyteandreproductivecycledemonstratedthatoocytediameterisagoodindicatorforidentifyingthegonadalmaturityoftheT.granosa.关键词：泥蚶；性腺发育；环境因子；繁殖周期Keywords:te

8、gillarcagranosa；gonaddevelopment；environmentalconditions；reproductivecycleS968文献标识码：A1006-4311(2014)14-0281-05引言泥贴(Tegillarcagranosa)隶属软体动物门(Mollusca)、瓣魚S纲(Lamellibranchia)、