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1、作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2014,40(6):1056−1065http://zwxb.chinacrops.org/ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01056结实期干湿交替灌溉对2个超级稻品种结实率和粒重的影响1,211111,*付景刘洁曹转勤王志琴张耗杨建昌12扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009;河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南郑州450002摘要:大田种植超级稻品种两优培
2、九(两系杂交籼稻)和淮稻9号(粳稻)。自抽穗至成熟设置轻干-湿交替灌溉(WMD)、重干-湿交替灌溉(WSD)和常规灌溉(CI,保持水层)3种灌溉方式,观察其对超级稻灌浆的影响。结果表明,与CI相比,WMD处理显著增加2个超级稻品种的产量、结实s率和粒重,而WSD处理则降低结实率和粒重。WMD处理显著提高灌浆期剑叶净光合速率、膜质过氧化酶活性和根系氧化力、根系吸收表面积、根系活跃吸收表面积、比表面积和根系中玉米素+玉米素核苷(Z+ZR)及吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)含量及根冠比,WSD处理的结果则相反。说明结实期轻干-湿交替灌溉可以改善超级稻根系和地上部植株的生理功
3、能,进而提高结实率和粒重。关键词:超级稻;产量;根系活力;光合速率;干-湿交替灌溉EffectsofAlternateWettingandDryingIrrigationduringGrainFillingontheSeed-SettingRateandGrainWeightofTwoSuperRiceCultivars1,211111,*FUJing,LIUJie,CAOZhuan-Qin,WANGZhi-Qin,ZHANGHao,andYANGJian-Chang12KeyLaboratoryofCropGeneticsandPhysiologyofJia
4、ngsuProvince,YangzhouUniversity,Yangzhou225009,China;CerealResearchInstitute,HenanAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Zhengzhou450002,ChinaAbstract:Twosuperricecultivars,LiangyoupeijiuandHuaidao9,wereusedinthestudy.Threeirrigationregimes,includingalternatewettingandmoderatesoildrying(WMD)
5、,alternatewettingandseveresoildrying(WSD),andconventionalirrigation(CI,continuousflooding),wereimposedfromheadingtomaturity.ComparedwithCI,WMDsignificantlyincreased,whereasWSDdecreased,seedsettingrateandgrainweightofsuperrice.Thephotosyntheticrate,activitiesofmembranelipidperoxida-t
6、ionenzymesintheflagleaf,rootoxidationactivity,rootabsorptionsurfacearea,rootactiveabsorptionarea,rootspecificsurfacearea,contentsofzeatin+zeatinriboside(Z+ZR)andindole-3-aceticacid(IAA)inrootsandtheratioofroottoshootwerein-creasedundertheWMDregime,butdecreasedundertheWSDregime.There
7、sultssuggestthattheWMDirrigationduringgrainfillingcouldimproverootandshootphysiologicalfunctions,andconsequentlyincreasetheseed-settingrateandgrainweightofsuperrice.Keywords:Superrice;Grainyield;Rootactivity;Photosyntheticrate;Alternatewettinganddryingirrigation[3]水稻是世界上主要的粮食作物之一,约为
8、30亿方面需要应对水资源日益短缺的严重
