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1、棉花学报CottonScience2014袁26渊1冤院73~80河南植棉区施氮量对麦棉两熟产量及氮肥利用率的影响董合林袁李鹏程袁刘爱忠袁刘敬然袁李永旗袁王晓茹袁王刚渊中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室袁河南安阳455000冤摘要院研究了河南植棉区麦棉两熟施氮量对两季产量和氮肥利用率的影响遥结果表明袁施氮能显著提高小麦产量尧总有效穗数和穗粒数袁籽粒千粒重随施氮量增加而降低曰商丘和内黄试验点小麦最高产量所需的施氮量分别为201.4kg窑hm-2和187.2kg窑hm-2袁经济最佳施氮量分别为163.0kg窑hm-2和134.9kg窑hm-2遥施氮也能显著提高棉花产量和单株成铃
2、数曰适量施氮可提高铃重曰商丘和内黄试验点棉花最高产量所需的施氮量分别为244.4kg窑hm-2和224.2kg窑hm-2袁经济最佳施氮量分别为225.9kg窑hm-2和207.0kg窑hm-2遥小麦氮肥利用率以施氮量180kg窑hm-2最高遥麦棉两季氮肥利用率袁商丘试验点随施氮量增加而降低曰内黄试验点以施氮量390kg窑hm-2最高遥小麦尧棉花氮肥偏生产力尧农学利用率均随施氮量增加而降低遥关键词院河南植棉区曰麦棉两熟曰施氮量曰产量曰氮肥利用率中图分类号院S562.04文献标志码院A文章编号院1002-7807渊2014冤01-0073-08DongHelin,LiPengcheng,Liu
3、Aizhong,LiuJingran,LiYongqi,WangXiaoru,WangGang(455000)Tostudytheeffectsofnitrogenapplicationrateonyieldandnitrogenuseefficiency(NUE)ofthewheat-cottondoublecroppingsystemintheHenancottonregion,weconductedtwofieldexperimentsinShangqiucityandNeihuangCounty,HenanProvince.Theresultshowedthatwheatyield
4、,totaleffectivespikenumbersandgrainsperspikeincreasedsignificantlywithni-trogenapplicationrate.However,the1000-grainweightdecreased.Maximumwheatyieldwasobtainedatnitrogenapplicationratesof201.4kg窑hm-2and187.2kg窑hm-2atthetwoexperimentalsites,respectively,whereasoptimumyieldwasatratesof163.0kg窑hm-2a
5、nd134.9kg窑hm-2.Withincreasingnitrogenapplicationrate,cottonyieldandbollnumbersperplantalsoin-creasedsignificantly.Anoptimalnitrogenapplicationratewasfavorableforimprovingbollweight.Maximumcottonyieldwasachievedatnitrogenapplicationratesof244.4kg窑hm-2and224.2kg窑hm-2inthecityofShangqiuandinNeihuangC
6、ounty,re-spectively,whereasoptimumcottonyieldwasatratesof225.9kg窑hm-2and207.0kg窑hm-2.ThehighestNUEinwheatwasat-tainedatthenitrogenapplicationrateof180kg窑hm-2.AttheShangqiuexperimentalsite,totalNUEinthewheat-cottondoublecroppingsystemdeclinedwithincreasingnitrogenapplicationrate.However,highesttota
7、lNUEswereobtainedattherateof390kg窑hm-2attheNeihuangCountysite.Withincreasingnitrogenapplicationrate,bothnitrogenpartialfactorproductivityandagronomicefficiencyinwheatandcottondecreased.Henancottonregion;wheat-cot
