公司战略管理英语原文及翻译

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1、Corporatestructureandstrategy:thecaseofNike(lecturepreparedbyDeronFerguson,DepartmentofGeography;seesourcesinnotesatend)Whyarecontemporarycorporationsforcedtorestructure,andhowaretheydoingit?Howisthestructureofacorporationrelatedtoitslong-termcompetit

2、ivestrategy?Whatarethegeographicimplicationsofthisrelationshipwithregardtomultinationalcorporationsandtransnationalproduction?Intoday'slecture,wewilladdressthesequestionsbylookingatthecaseofNike.(referencesforthismaterial)SETTINGTHECONTEXT:Post-Fordis

3、m,Flexibility,andtheathleticfootwearindustryBeforelookingattherelationshipbetweenNike'scorporatestructureandcompetitivestrategy,itwillhelptoreviewthechangingbusinessenvironmentfacedbylargeandsmallfirmsalike.Thechangingbusinessenvironmentfacedbyfirmsin

4、advancedcapitalisteconomiesandsocietiesisgroundedinthetransitionfromFordismtopost-Fordism.Thechartbelowreviewsthebasiccharacteristicsofthistransition.Fordism(post-WWIItomid1970's)Post-Fordism(pasttwodecades)Production·largebatchesofstandardizedgoods·l

5、argeinventories·smallbatchesofnonstandardizedgoods·"justintime"deliveriesofmaterialsLabor·collectivebargaining(unions)·hierarchicalmanagement·rigidlydefinedjobdescriptions·"implicitcontract"ofworkers'benefitsbetweenthestate,business,andlabor·individua

6、lcontracts·"team"management·multi-skilling(highwagejobs)andde-skilling(lowwagejobs)·erosionofbenefitsandthegrowthof"temporary"laborTechnology·inflexiblemachines·incrementalinnovation·programmablemachines;CADsystems·rapidandradicalinnovationGovernment·

7、macroeconomicintervention("Keynesianism")andprovisionofa"safetynet"·regulationofindustryandantitrust·industry-government-unioncooperation·"neoliberalism"anddismantlingthe"welfarestate"·deregulation·decreasingsupportforunions·declineofthemilitaryindust

8、rialcomplexConsumptionandMarkets·massconsumptionofstandardizedgoods·relativemarketstability·dominationofinternationalmarkets·greaterdemandfor"niche"goods·highmarketvolatility·intenseinternationalcompetitionCorporateStructure·verticallyintegrat