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1、摘要我国目前水环境的污染与破坏是十分严峻的,而工业废水引起的污染问题尤为突出。有机废水处理技术,有机工业的达标排放及循环利用,对保护环境,提高人们的生活质量,实现经济的可持续发展具有重要的战略意义和现实意义。煤气废水是在煤气生产过程中,由于冷却、洗涤、净化等工艺处理而产生的。水质组成十分复杂,而且水量较大。作为难生物降解的有机废水,己经成为水处理中解决的难题。本次毕业设计是针对焦化厂溶剂萃取脱酚工段,把煤气化的含酚废水作为研究对象,提出以重苯溶剂油作为萃取剂,初步脱除浓度高于1000mg/L的废水中的酚,使其浓度降到200mg/L以下,满足生化处理的要
2、求,使最终排放的废水符合国家标准。萃取中含酚的溶剂油进入碱洗塔生成酚钠盐,萃取剂被回收重复利用,节约了资源,酚钠盐也可外卖,这样不仅满足环保要求,又为企业创造了经济效益。关键词溶剂萃取脱酚废水初步设计AbstractInChinanowwaterpollutionanddestructionoftheenvironmentisveryserious,andpollutioncausedbyindustrialwastewaterisparticularlyprominent.Organicwastewater'streatmenttechnology,
3、emissionsoforganicindustryuptostandardandrecycleisOfimportancestrategicandpracticalsignificancefortheprotectionoftheenvironment,improvingourqualityoflifeandachievingsustainableeconomicdevelopment.Theprocessofgaswastewater'sproduction,istheresultofcooling,washing,purificationproc
4、essandsoon.Thewaterqualityofthecompositionisverycomplex,andplentyofwater.watertreatmenthasbeen.abigproblemforhardlybiodegradable.Thegraduationprojectiscokingplantphenolsolventextractionfromthepreliminary,focusingonthecoalgasificationwastewatercontainingphenol,puttingforwardtore-
5、benzeneasasolventoilextractionagent,theinitialremovalwashigherthan1000mg/Lofphenolinthewastewatersothatitreducestheconcentrationbelow200mg/Ltomeettherequirementsofbio-chemicaltreatment,makingsurethefinaldischargeofwastewaterbeinlinewithnationalstandards.Insolventextraction,oilwi
6、thphenolcomesintotheAlkali-washingtowertoproducephenolsodiumsalt,extractionagentisrecycling,tosaveresources,phenolsodiumsaltcanalsobetake-awayforsale,thiswillnotonlymeettherequirementsofenvironmentalprotectionbuteconomicbenefitsfortheenterprise.Keywordssolventextractionfrompheno
7、lwastewaterpreliminarydesignsection目录摘要IAbstractII第1章绪论11.1目的和意义11.2焦化工业废水的来源及水质21.3设计基础21.3.1设计依据21.3.2设计原则31.4酚的性质41.5苯酚、甲酚的物性参数51.5.1苯酚的物性参数51.5.2甲酚的物性参数6第2章工艺论证82.1萃取法回收含酚废水中酚类82.1.1溶剂萃取法(物理萃取)92.1.2可逆络合萃取法(化学萃取)102.2液膜法122.3吸附法回收含酚废水中酚类132.3.1活性炭吸附法142.3.2交换树脂吸附法142.4含酚废水化学
8、法处理152.4.1化学氧化法152.4.2湿式催化氧化法152.4.3焚烧法162.5含酚废