黑龙江省哈尔滨市师大附中2023-2024学年高一下学期开学考试考试英语(解析版).docx

黑龙江省哈尔滨市师大附中2023-2024学年高一下学期开学考试考试英语(解析版).docx

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哈师大附中2023级高一下学期开学考试英语试卷本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间为120分钟。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemandislikeabouttheshirt?A.Thematerial.B.Thedesign.C.Thecolor.2.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gotothecleaner’s.B.Dosomeshopping.C.VisitJim.3.Whereisthewomancatchaconnectingtrain?A.InLiverpool.B.InBermingham.C.InLondon.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Colleagues.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thehorribleweather.B.Alatebus.C.Achallengingjob.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidthewomando?A.ShewatchedashowB.Sheactedinaplay.C.Shetriedoutfortheleadrole.7.WhatdoesthemanthinkofJohn’sperformance?第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 A.Dull.B.Natural.C.Surprising.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whenwillthemansighupforthestudygroup?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.9.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandoaboutthesession?A.Decideonasubject.B.Showupontime.C.Reviewthelesson.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewoman’sopiniononTim’sCafe?A.Topquality.B.Belowaverage.C.Surprisinglybad.11.Whatisthemanresponsibleforatthenewjob?A.Analyzingdataonline.B.Receivingcustomers’orders.C.Enteringinformationintoacomputer.12.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodo?A.Haveaburger.B.Playbasketball.C.Gosnowboarding.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whyisthemanmeetingthewoman?A.Togettreatmentforhissensitivity.B.Tohaveahealthcheck-up.C.Tobuysomemedicine.14.Howdoesthemankeephisweightdown?A.Byavoidingjunk.B.Byeatingless.C.Byworkingout.15.WhatcouldJulieprobablybe?A.Adoctor.B.Anurse.C.Achemist.16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Cutdownonsaltintake.B.Checkhisbloodpressure.C.Goonadiet.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WhereisBaxter’sHardwareStore?A.Attheentrance.B.Nexttoabakery.C.AcrossfromKay’s.第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 18.WhatistheCarter’s?A.Asupermarket.B.Achemistshop.C.Anelectronicsstore.19.WhatdoweknowabouttheGibson’sMall?A.Itopensdaily.B.Itchargesforparking.C.Ithasaroofgardenforchildren.20.Whyisthetalkgiven?A.Toattractmorecustomers.B.Toencouragelocalinvestment.C.Torecommendrecreationalactivities.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhenitcomestohiking,Greecehassomethingforeverykindofwalker.Themainlandboasts(拥有)well-maintainedroutes,whileonthecountry’sislandsyou’llfindancientpathsdatingbacktoByzantinetimesconnectingsleepyvillageswithbeautifulsandycoves(小海湾).Here’sourpickofGreece’sbesthikes.SamariaGorge(峡谷),Crete16kilometers(10miles),4hoursHikingthe16-kilometerSamariaGorgeisconsideredoneofCrete’smust-doexperiences,whichiswhyyou’llrarelybewithoutcompany.Nevertheless,there’sanundeniablerawbeautytoSamaria,wherevertical(垂直的)wallssoarupto500metersandarejust3.5metersapartatthenarrowestpoint(150metersatthebroadest).Thehikebeginsat1,230metersatXyloskalojustsouthofOmalosandendsinthecoastalvillageofAgiaRoumeli.It’sespeciallyscenicinAprilandMay,whenwildflowersbrightentheroute.MtOhisummithike,Evia8kilometers(5miles),3to4hoursThesummitofMtOhi(ProfitisIlias;1,398m),lesser-visitedEvia’sthird-highestpeak,iscrownedbymysteriousancientdragonhouses:7thcenturyBCarchitecture,madefromrocksweighingseveraltons.FromMyli,it’san8-kilometerhiketothesummit(threetofourhours).It’spossibletostayovernightatthe1,000-meter-highrefugethenhikeupMtOhitocatchthesunrise(30第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 minutes),whichmakesforamagicalexperience.ContactSouthEviaToursorEviaAdventureToursfordetails.DelphitoKirraWalk,CentralGreece14kilometers(9miles),3to4hoursThis14-kilometerdownhillhikefollowsacenturies-oldpathwayfromhistoricDelphitotheancientportofKirra,justeastofmodernIteaonthesoutherncoastofmainlandGreece.ThehikestartsfromtheE4long-distancestartingpoint100meterseastoftheHotelAcropole.SkirtingthevillageofCrissa,itgoestothegulf(海湾)throughGreece’slargestolivegarden.Afteryourthree-to-four-hourhike,andlunchoraswim,youcanreturntoDelphibybus(around2euros).HiketotheTombofKleobolus,Rhodes5kilometers(3miles),2hoursAneasy,enjoyable5-kilometer(two-hour)round-triphikeescapesLindostoreachtheso-calledTombofKleobolus.StartingalongsideCarPark1abovethemainbeach,therouteendsatarockyhilltoppedbyacirculartombactuallybuiltduringthe2ndcenturyBC,longafterKleobolusruledRhodes.1.WhatistherawbeautyofSamaria?AHighandnarrowgorges.B.Magicalsunset.C.Wildflowersthroughouttheyear.D.Mysteriouslargerocks.2.WhatwillvisitorsseeduringtheMtOhisummithike,Evia?A.Ancientbuildings.B.Evia’shighestpeak.C.Acirculartomb.D.Greece’slargestolivegarden.3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheDelphitoKirraWalk?A.ItletsvisitorsexperiencethemodernworldofGreece.B.VisitorsarerecommendedtogetbacktoDelphibyship.C.Therouteconnectstwoplaceswithalonghistory.D.Itisachallengingroutethrougharockyhill.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了希腊四个适合徒步旅行的旅游景点和路线。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SamariaGorge(峡谷),Crete部分中“Nevertheless,there’sanundeniablerawbeautytoSamaria,wherevertical(垂直的)wallssoarupto500metersandarejust3.5metersapartatthenarrowestpoint(150metersatthebroadest).(然而,撒玛利亚有一种不可否认的原始之美,那里的垂直墙壁高达500第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 米,最窄的地方只有3.5米(最宽的地方有150米)。)”可知,撒玛利亚有一种不可否认的原始之美即又高又窄的峡谷。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据MtOhisummithike,Evia部分中“ThesummitofMtOhi(ProfitisIlias;1,398m),lesser-visitedEvia’sthird-highestpeak,iscrownedbymysteriousancientdragonhouses:7thcenturyBCarchitecture,madefromrocksweighingseveraltons. (Ohi山的顶峰(ProfittisIlias—1398米高,是埃维亚的第三高峰,游客较少,被神秘的古代龙屋所覆盖:公元前7世纪的建筑,由重达数吨的岩石制成。)”可知,此处有被神秘的古代龙屋所覆盖:公元前7世纪的建筑,由重达数吨的岩石制成。故对古代建筑感兴趣的游客们可以选在此处徒步旅行。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据 DelphitoKirraWalk,CentralGreece部分中“This14-kilometerdownhillhikefollowsacenturies-oldpathwayfromhistoricDelphitotheancientportofKirra,justeastofmodernIteaonthesoutherncoastofmainlandGreece.(这条14公里的下坡徒步旅行沿着一条数百年历史的小路,从历史悠久的德尔菲到古老的港口基拉,就在希腊大陆南部海岸的现代伊特亚以东。)”可知,这条路线连接了两个历史悠久的地方即历史悠久的德尔菲到古老的港口基拉。故选C。BToday,I’vebeenrecordinganaudiobook.IamexcitedthatIhaverealizedmylife-longdream.IwillneverforgetatprimaryschoolIusedtowaitwithbreathlessanticipationtotakemyturnreadingoutaparagraphofgreatworksinfront.Atmysecondaryschool,whenstudentswereencouragedtoselectandpresentareadingat“morningtalk”,Ioftenaddedmynametothelist.Thiswasallhandybackgroundformycareerinbroadcasting.But,muchasIenjoyhostingshowsandinterviewingpeople,Ioftenfindmyselfmissingthesimplepleasuresofreadingoutloud.I’dthoughtaboutputtingmyselfforwardasanarratorforaudiobooks.ButI’mnotanactor.Ican’tdoregionalaccentsorplayfemalevoice.Non-fiction,then,seemedtheobvioustarget,butIfeltthatsuchbookswerebestreadbytheiroriginalauthors.Ifitwereauthors’ownvoice,theirstorieswouldtouchme.Recently,deliveringmyson’snightlybedtimestoryhasreawakenedmyloveforreadingoutloud—highlightssofarhaveincludedCharlieandtheChocolateFactoryandCharlotte’sWeb.ButIneverthoughtI’dgettheopportunitytodoitprofessionally.Then,lastmonth,IwascontactedbyJamesPlunkett,writerofEndState,aforthcomingbookaboutpoliticalideas.Hehadnodesiretoreadhisbookoutloud,butasafanofmyprogram,hethoughtImightdoareasonablejob.第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 So,I’vespentthisweekinastudio,simplyreadingstuffoutloud.AndI’mLOVINGIT!Mindyou,it’sanentirelyunexpectedexperience.It’sdishearteningwhentherecordingneedstobestoppedbecauseI’vejustcarelesslyskippedovera“the”,orhadtoclearmythroat,orcatchmybreath.I’vealsolearnedhowmanywordsI’vebeenmispronouncingmyentirelife:behaviouralisBE-HAYVE-YOU-RAL,notBE-HAYVE-EE-AH-RUL.Thoughtacklingthis339-pagebookdoesn’tturnouttobethateasy,I’vefoundthewholeprocessawesome,andhopethisbecomesthefirstofmany.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioninghisexperiencesatschool?A.Thepowerofdreaming.B.Hisloveforreadingaloud.C.Theimpactofschooling.D.Histalentforreading.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph3?A.HeregretsbeingaTVhost.B.Hehasnotastefornon-fiction.C.Hehasrichactingexperience.D.Heisawareofhisdisadvantages.6.Whycouldtheauthorgetthejobasanarrator?A.Hewasspecificallyinvited.BHeappliedforitinperson.C.Helovedreadingbedtimestories.D.Hehadabigcrowdoffans.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbeinganarrator?A.Demandingbutenjoyable.B.Riskybutfruitful.C.Tiringbutstress-free.D.Boringbutrewarding.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者喜欢朗读,成为朗读者是他的梦想。作者的坚持最终让他获得了成为专业朗读者的机会。第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“IwillneverforgetatprimaryschoolIusedtowaitwithbreathlessanticipationtotakemyturnreadingoutaparagraphofgreatworksinfront.Atmysecondaryschool,whenstudentswereencouragedtoselectandpresentareadingat“morningtalk”,Ioftenaddedmynametothelist.(我永远不会忘记上小学时,我总是屏息以待,等着轮到我朗读面前的一段名著。在我上中学的时候,当学校鼓励学生在“晨间谈话”中选择并朗读一篇阅读材料时,我经常把自己的名字加到名单上)”可知,作者小学时,经常期待着能轮到自己阅读作品,在中学时经常把自己的名字添加到朗读者的名单中,由此推知,作者提及在上学期间的经历是为了表明自己对朗读的热爱。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“I’dthoughtaboutputtingmyselfforwardasanarratorforaudiobooks.ButI’mnotanactor.Ican’tdoregionalaccentsorplayfemalevoice.(我曾想过让自己成为有声读物的旁白。但我不是演员。我不会讲地方口音,也不会扮演女声)”可知,作者意识到自己还有很多的不足。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Then,lastmonth,IwascontactedbyJamesPlunkett,authorofEndState,aforthcomingbookaboutpoliticalideas.Hehadnodesiretoreadhisbookoutloud,butasafanofmyprogram,hethoughtImightdoareasonablejob.(然后,上个月,詹姆斯·普伦基特联系了我,他是即将出版的一本关于政治理念的书《终结状态》的作者。他不想大声朗读他的书,但作为我的节目的粉丝,他认为我可能会做得不错)”可知,作者受到《终结状态》的作者詹姆斯·普伦基特的专门邀请,所以成为一名朗读者的。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It’sdishearteningwhentherecordingneedstobestoppedbecauseI’vejustcarelesslyskippedovera“the”,orhadtoclearmythroat,orcatchmybreath.(当我不小心跳过了一个“the”,或者不得不清嗓子,或者喘口气时,录音需要停止,这是令人沮丧的)”可知,在录制过程中出现一点点问题都会重新录制,说明这种工作要求很高,结合尾段中的“Thoughtacklingthis339-pagebookdoesn’tturnouttobethateasy,I’vefoundthewholeprocessawesome,andhopethisbecomesthefirstofmany.(虽然处理这本339页的书并不容易,但我发现整个过程很棒,希望这成为许多书中的第一)”可知,作者觉得尽管不是容易,但是这个过程感觉很棒。由此推知,作者认为当朗读者是一份要求高但令人愉快的工作。故选A项。CPeoplewhogive,livelonger,studieshaveshown.Now,anewstudybyUniversityofMichiganshowsthatwhypeoplevolunteer—notwhethertheyvolunteer—iswhatreallycounts.Forthestudy,Konrathandcolleaguesanalyzeddatacollectedin2008and2012aimingatthesamerandom第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 samplesof3,376people.Overall,theyfoundthatjust2.3percentofthosewhoonceworkedasvolunteershaddied,comparedto4.3percentofnon-volunteers.Theyfurtherfoundthathowmuchpeoplevolunteeredmatteredaswell—only1.8percentofregularvolunteersdied,comparedwith2.5percentofoccasionalvolunteers.Butwhatreallymadeadifferencewerepeople’smotivesforvolunteering.Theresearchersaskedpeopletoratehowimportanttheyfoundvariousreasonsforvolunteering,andtheyfoundthatthemoreimportantpeopleratedreasonssuchasfeelingpityforpeopleinneed,themorelikelytheyweretobealive.Thosewhoratedmotivesrelatedtopersonalbenefitasmoreimportantweremorelikelytohavedied,andjustaslikelytodieasthosewhodidn’tvolunteeratall.Thesereasonsincludedvolunteeringbecausetheyenjoyedthesocialcontact,toescapetheirownproblems,ortoexploretheirownstrengths.Konrathsaysthecurrentfindingssuggestitmaybeapoorideatoencouragepeopletovolunteerbecauseit’sgoodforthem.“Volunteeringisincreasinglybeingencouragedinschoolsandorganizations.Somegroupssaythatit’sokaytowantbenefitsforyourself,andencouragepeopletothinkofvolunteeringasanexchangeforpersonalinterests.Somegroupsemphasizethehealthbenefitsreceivedthroughvolunteering.”Konrathadded,“Ofcourse,it’sreasonableforvolunteerstoexpectbenefitsforthemselves.Butthepotentialhealthbenefitsofvolunteeringaresignificantlyreducedifself-benefitbecomesaperson’smainmotive.”8.Whatdoesthenewstudymainlyfind?A.Howwevolunteermakessensetoothers.B.Howoftenwevolunteermakesadifference.C.Whetherwevolunteerdecidesourwell-being.D.Whywevolunteerhasanimpactonourhealth.9.Howdidtheresearchersdothestudy?A.Byanalyzingstatistics.B.Byratingvolunteers’performances.C.Bydoinglabexperiments.D.Bygroupingparticipantsrandomly.10.Whichofthefollowingmotiveswillprobablycontributetoalongerlife?A.Todevelopabilities.B.Tomakemorefriends.C.Tohelpthepoorpeople.D.Tosolvepersonalproblems.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Practicalsuggestionsonfurtherstudies.B.Afurtherexplanationofthecurrentfindings.C.Potentialapplicationsoftheresearchmethod.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchresults.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现,即人们做志愿的动机影响着人们的健康。第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Peoplewhogive,livelonger,studieshaveshown.Now,anewstudybyUniversityofMichiganshowsthatwhypeoplevolunteer—notwhethertheyvolunteer—iswhatreallycounts.(研究表明,乐于奉献的人寿命更长。现在,密歇根大学的一项新研究表明,真正重要的是人们为什么要做志愿者,而不是他们是否做志愿者)”可知,研究发现人们为什么自愿(做志愿者)、而不是是否做志愿者,才是真正重要的东西;第二段“Forthestudy,Konrathandcolleaguesanalyzeddatacollectedin2008and2012aimingatthesamerandomsamplesof3,376people.Overall,theyfoundthatjust2.3percentofthosewhoonceworkedasvolunteershaddied,comparedto4.3percentofnon-volunteers.Theyfurtherfoundthathowmuchpeoplevolunteeredmatteredaswell—only1.8percentofregularvolunteersdied,comparedwith2.5percentofoccasionalvolunteers.(在这项研究中,康拉斯和他的同事分析了2008年和2012年收集的数据,这些数据是针对3376人的随机样本。总的来说,他们发现,曾经做过志愿者的人中,只有2.3%的人去世了,而非志愿者的这一比例为4.3%。他们进一步发现,志愿者的数量也很重要——只有1.8%的定期志愿者死亡,而临时志愿者的死亡率为2.5%)”主要说明了志愿者比不做志愿的活得更长;第三段“Butwhatreallymadeadifferencewerepeople’smotivesforvolunteering.Theresearchersaskedpeopletoratehowimportanttheyfoundvariousreasonsforvolunteering,andtheyfoundthatthemoreimportantpeopleratedreasonssuchasfeelingpityforpeopleinneed,themorelikelytheyweretobealive.Thosewhoratedmotivesrelatedtopersonalbenefitasmoreimportantweremorelikelytohavedied,andjustaslikelytodieasthosewhodidn’tvolunteeratall.Thesereasonsincludedvolunteeringbecausetheyenjoyedthesocialcontact,toescapetheirownproblems,ortoexploretheirownstrengths.(但真正起作用的是人们志愿服务的动机。研究人员让人们对他们认为的各种志愿活动原因的重要性进行打分,结果发现,那些认为对有需要的人感到同情等原因越重要的人,他们活下来的可能性就越大。那些认为与个人利益相关的动机更重要的人更有可能死亡,而且和那些根本不做志愿者的人一样。这些原因包括志愿活动是因为他们喜欢社会接触,逃避自己的问题,或探索自己的优势)”说明了人们志愿服务的动机影响着死亡率,综合这三段可知人们为什么做志愿者是对自己的健康有影响的。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Forthestudy,Konrathandcolleaguesanalyzeddatacollectedin2008and2012aimingatthesamerandomsamplesof3,376people.Overall,theyfoundthatjust2.3percentofthosewhoonceworkedasvolunteershaddied,comparedto4.3percentofnon-volunteers.Theyfurtherfoundthathowmuchpeoplevolunteeredmatteredaswell—only1.8percentofregularvolunteersdied,comparedwith2.5percentofoccasionalvolunteers.(在这项研究中,康拉斯和他的同事分析了2008年和2012年收集的数据,这些数据是针对3376人的随机样本。总的来说,他们发现,曾经做过志愿者的人中,只有2.3%第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 的人去世了,而非志愿者的这一比例为4.3%。他们进一步发现,志愿者的数量也很重要——只有1.8%的定期志愿者死亡,而临时志愿者的死亡率为2.5%)”提到研究人员分析了2008和2012年针对3376人的相同随机样本收集的数据,同时这一段也列举了实验中的诸多数据,比如2.3%、4.3%等等,这就说明研究人员是通过统计分析数据来进行这项研究的。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thosewhoratedmotivesrelatedtopersonalbenefitasmoreimportantweremorelikelytohavedied,andjustaslikelytodieasthosewhodidn’tvolunteeratall.(那些认为与个人利益相关的动机更重要的人更有可能死亡,而且和那些根本不做志愿者的人一样)”可知,如果这个人的志愿服务的动机是为了自己的利益,那么他的死亡率和那些不做志愿的人是一样的,因此我们应该选择“为别人利益”的选项,因此C“帮助穷人”符合这一条件。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Konrathsaysthecurrentfindingssuggestitmaybeapoorideatoencouragepeopletovolunteerbecauseit’sgoodforthem.“Volunteeringisincreasinglybeingencouragedinschoolsandorganizations.Somegroupssaythatit’sokaytowantbenefitsforyourself,andencouragepeopletothinkofvolunteeringasanexchangeforpersonalinterests.Somegroupsemphasizethehealthbenefitsreceivedthroughvolunteering.”Konrathadded,“Ofcourse,it’sreasonableforvolunteerstoexpectbenefitsforthemselves.Butthepotentialhealthbenefitsofvolunteeringaresignificantlyreducedifself-benefitbecomesaperson’smainmotive.”(康拉斯说,目前的研究结果表明,鼓励人们做志愿者可能不是一个好主意,因为这对他们有好处。“志愿服务在学校和组织中越来越受到鼓励。一些团体认为,为自己谋取利益是可以的,并鼓励人们将志愿服务视为个人利益的交换。一些团体强调通过志愿服务获得的健康益处。”康拉特补充说:“当然,志愿者期望自己得到好处是合理的。但如果一个人的主要动机是自我利益,那么志愿服务的潜在健康益处就会大大降低。”)”可知,最后一段主要讲对当前发现的进一步解释。故选B。DYoujerk(猛然一动)awakeinthemiddleofthenightinconfusion.Isthereafigurestandinginthecorneroftheroom?Yourbrainbegsyourlegstomove,butnothinghappens.Theanxietyincreases.Youreyesscantheroom.Justasyou’reabouttohitpeakpanic,yousitupandthefiguredisappears.You’vejustexperiencedsleepparalysis(瘫痪),whichisthenameexpertsgivetoallsortsofweirdthingsthatoccurduringsleep.IthappenswhenthebraintemporarilydisablesthebodytopreventitfromactingoutthevividdreamsoccurringduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleep.Itoftencomeswithafeelingofimmobility,andasenseofchoking.Thegoodnewsis,it’sabsolutelynormal,evenifit’sterrifying.Butwhensleepparalysishappensoutsideofdeepsleep—whenapersonisjustdozingoff—itcanbe第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 “disruptiveofthearchitectureofsleep,”saidBalandJalal,aresearcherwhoinvestigatesthephenomenon.Thatcouldleadtomoresleepparalysis.Whilenoteveryonewhohassleepparalysisexperienceshallucinations(幻觉),seeingapersonoraghostintheroomisthemostcommonvision,saidJalal.Themechanismsbehindsleepparalysisremainunclear,butresearchindicatesthatcertainriskfactorsmayincreasethelikelihoodofexperiencingajerk,includingextremeexercisebeforesleep,inadequatesleep,emotionalstressandworry,andexcessivestimulantconsumption(likecaffeineandnicotine),especiallylaterintheday.“Formostpeople,itisnotindicativeofanykindofdisease.Ifyouarereallyworriedaboutit,regularsleepandothersimplerelaxationtechniques,likemeditation,deepbreathingandyoga,mayhelp,”saidDr.NathanielWatson,presidentoftheAmericanAcademyofSleepMedicine.Whiletheexperiencefeelsfrightening,theepisodeslastonlyafewsecondsorminutesatmost.Mostpeopleslipoutofitasquicklyastheyfellintoit,hesaid.12.Whatissleepparalysis?A.Afrighteningdreamthatinterruptssleep.B.Aphysicalsymptomofanxietydisorders.C.Amentaldiseasethataffectssleepquality.D.Abriefstateofbeingconsciousbutfrozen.13.Whatdopeoplewhohavesleepparalysisoftenexperience?A.Involuntarycough.B.Unrealsensation.C.Sharpenedvision.D.Sustainedimmobility.14.WhatdoesDr.NathanielWatsonsayaboutsleepparalysis?AItiscausedbyinadequatesleep.B.Itcanbeawarningsignalofdiseases.C.Itisatemporarydisturbingexperience.D.Itcanbepreventedbyextremeexercise.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CommonMythsAboutSleepParalysisB.SleepParalysis:HowItAffectsSleepPatternsC.WaystoPreventandCopewithSleepParalysisD.SleepParalysis:WhyWeJerkAwakeandCan’tMove【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了睡眠瘫痪这一现象,睡眠瘫痪是一段在睡眠时发生的清醒却不能移动的感觉,分析出现睡眠瘫痪的原因。第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“You’vejustexperiencedsleepparalysis(瘫痪),whichisthenameexpertsgivetoallsortsofweirdthingsthatoccurduringsleep.IthappenswhenthebraintemporarilydisablesthebodytopreventitfromactingoutthevividdreamsoccurringduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleep.Itoftencomeswithafeelingofimmobility,andasenseofchoking.Thegoodnewsis,it’sabsolutelynormal,evenifit’sterrifying.(你刚刚经历了睡眠瘫痪,这是专家给睡眠中发生的各种奇怪的事情起的名字。当大脑暂时使身体失去功能,以防止它在REM睡眠期间发生生动的梦时,就会发生这种情况。它通常伴随着一种不动的感觉,和一种窒息的感觉。好消息是,这是绝对正常的,即使这很可怕。)”可知,睡眠瘫痪是一种有意识的但僵住的短暂状态。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Youjerk(猛然一动)awakeinthemiddleofthenightinconfusion.Isthereafigurestandinginthecorneroftheroom?Yourbrainbegsyourlegstomove,butnothinghappens.Theanxietyincreases.Youreyesscantheroom.Justasyou’reabouttohitpeakpanic,yousitupandthefiguredisappears.(你会在半夜莫名其妙地惊醒。房间的角落里站着一个人影吗?你的大脑让你的腿动起来,但什么也没发生。焦虑加剧。你的眼睛扫视着房间。就在你即将达到恐慌的顶峰时,你坐起来,那个身影消失了)”可知,经历睡眠瘫痪的人会有不真实的感觉。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的““Formostpeople,itisnotindicativeofanykindofdisease.Ifyouarereallyworriedaboutit,regularsleepandothersimplerelaxationtechniques,likemeditation,deepbreathingandyoga,mayhelp,”saidDr.NathanielWatson,presidentoftheAmericanAcademyofSleepMedicine.(“对大多数人来说,这并不意味着任何疾病。如果你真的担心这个问题,有规律的睡眠和其他简单的放松技巧,比如冥想、深呼吸和瑜伽,可能会有所帮助,”美国睡眠医学学会主席纳撒尼尔·沃森博士说)”可知,纳撒尼尔·沃森博士认为睡眠瘫痪不是疾病,只是短暂地令人不安的经历。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“You’vejustexperiencedsleepparalysis(瘫痪),whichisthenameexpertsgivetoallsortsofweirdthingsthatoccurduringsleep.IthappenswhenthebraintemporarilydisablesthebodytopreventitfromactingoutthevividdreamsoccurringduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleep.Itoftencomeswithafeelingofimmobility,andasenseofchoking.Thegoodnewsis,it’sabsolutelynormal,evenifit’sterrifying.(你刚刚经历了睡眠瘫痪,这是专家给睡眠中发生的各种奇怪的事情起的名字。当大脑暂时使身体失去功能,以防止它在REM睡眠期间发生生动的梦时,就会发生这种情况。它通常伴随着一种不动的感觉,和一种窒息的感觉。好消息是,这是绝对正常的,即使这很可怕。)第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 ”以及下文的分析可知,本文讲述了睡眠瘫痪这一现象,睡眠瘫痪是一段在睡眠时发生的清醒却不能移动的感觉,分析出现睡眠瘫痪的原因。因此推断D项“睡眠瘫痪:为什么我们会突然醒来却不能动”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyouareinatemper,youmakehastyill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret.Youwillalsoregretrecklesslanguagespokenwithoutthought.____16____Herearesomewaysthatyoucancombatthecausesofanger.____17____Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsdogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.Trytoacceptthatotherpeopledobehaveinwaysthatwillmakeyoubothfrustratedandangry.Often,theremightbeanexcellentreasonwhyapersonactedinawaythatyoufoundunacceptable.Realizingthatnooneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggettingangry.____18____Neitherwilltheybehaveinthesamewaythatyouwouldinagivensituation.Reactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhenfacedwithasituationthatusuallyangers.Angerisanegativereaction,butinthistypeofsituation,thereisnovalueinreactingbyformingpositivethoughts.____19____Thisway,yourangerwillnotgettheemotionalfooditneedstosurvive.Don’ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Weallgettemptedtothrowsomething,hitsomething,orscreamwhenweareangry.Youmightsayyoufeelbetterafteranangryoutburst,butthatisjusttheafter-effectoftheadrenalin(肾上腺素)yourbodyreleasedwhileyouwereangry.Areactionlikethatistheeasyway.Itismuchhardertostaycalm,towalkawayfromconflict,ortotakeadeepbreathandactnormally.____20____A.Stoptryingtomanageyouranger.B.Whatcanbedonetocontrolanger?C.Youneedtolearnnottorespondatall.D.That,however,iswhatyoumustdoifyouaretostopanger.E.Youneedtochangeyourattitudetothewaytheworldworks.F.Takingpositivestepswillhelpyouovercomefeelingsofanger.G.Also,youneedtoacceptthatnoteveryonehasthesamestandardsasyou.【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.C20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种可以帮助对抗愤怒的方法。第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 【16题详解】根据上文“Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyouareinatemper,youmakehastyill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret.Youwillalsoregretrecklesslanguagespokenwithoutthought.(愤怒是最具破坏性的情绪。当你脾气不好的时候,你会草率地做出你可能会后悔的决定。你也会后悔不经思考就说出鲁莽的语言)”以及后文“Herearesomewaysthatyoucancombatthecausesofanger.(这里有一些方法可以帮助你克服愤怒的根源)”可知,空处应是过渡句,由生气的坏处过渡到如何克服愤怒,所以B项“Whatcanbedonetocontrolanger?(怎样才能控制愤怒呢?)”符合文意。故选B项。【17题详解】分析设空,位于段首,是本段的中心句,所以根据后文“Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsdogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.Trytoacceptthatotherpeopledobehaveinwaysthatwillmakeyoubothfrustratedandangry.Often,theremightbeanexcellentreasonwhyapersonactedinawaythatyoufoundunacceptable.(你必须接受有时事情会出错,人们并不总是可爱的。试着接受别人的行为方式会让你既沮丧又生气。通常,可能会有一个很好的理由来解释为什么一个人的行为让你无法接受)”可知,本段主要讲述了你需要改变你对世界运作方式的态度,所以E项“Youneedtochangeyourattitudetothewaytheworldworks.(你需要改变你对世界运作方式的态度)”符合文意。故选E项。【18题详解】根据前文“Realizingthatnooneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggettingangry.(意识到人无完人是避免生气的好开始)”以及后文“Neitherwilltheybehaveinthesamewaythatyouwouldinagivensituation.(他们的行为也不会和你在特定情况下的行为一样)”可知,本段主要讲述了,不要用自己的标准去看待他人,所以G项“Also,youneedtoacceptthatnoteveryonehasthesamestandardsasyou.(此外,你需要接受并不是每个人都有和你一样的标准)”符合本段主题。故选G项。【19题详解】根据前文“Reactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhenfacedwithasituationthatusuallyangers.Angerisanegativereaction,butinthistypeofsituation,thereisnovalueinreactingbyformingpositivethoughts.(愤怒是一个很难改掉的习惯。诀窍是在面对通常令人愤怒的情况时避免做出反应。愤怒是一种消极的反应,但在这种情况下,形成积极的想法是没有价值的)”可知,本段主要讲述了不要在愤怒的情况下做出反应,所以C项“Youneedtolearnnottorespondatall.(你要学会完全不回应)”符合本段主题。故选C项。【20题详解】分析设空,位于段尾,是对前文的总结,根据前文“Don’ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Weallgettemptedtothrowsomething,hitsomething,orscreamwhenweareangry.Youmightsayyoufeelbetterafteran第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 angryoutburst,butthatisjusttheafter-effectoftheadrenalin(肾上腺素)yourbodyreleasedwhileyouwereangry.Areactionlikethatistheeasyway.Itismuchhardertostaycalm,towalkawayfromconflict,ortotakeadeepbreathandactnormally.(当你生气的时候,不要轻易就范。当我们生气的时候,我们都会想要扔东西,打东西,或者尖叫。你可能会说你在生气后感觉好多了,但那只是你生气时身体释放的肾上腺素的后遗症。这样的反应很简单。要想保持冷静,远离冲突,或者深呼吸,正常行事,都要困难得多)”可知,D项“That,however,iswhatyoumustdoifyouaretostopanger.(然而,如果你要停止愤怒,那就是你必须做的)”符合文意,和前文构成转折关系,总结前文。故选D项。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分25分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MyfatherbroughthomeasailboatwhenIwasten,andalmosteachSundayinsummerswewouldgosailing.Dadwasquiteskilledinsailing,butnotgoodat____21____.Asforme,I____22____bothbeforetwelvebecauseoflivingclosetoLakeOntario.ThelasttimeDadandIsetsailtogetherwasreallyunforgettable.ItwasaperfectweekendafterIgraduatedfromuniversity.Icamehomeand____23____Dadtogosailing.Outwesetsoononthe____24____lake.Dadhadn’tsailedforyears,buteverythingwentwellwiththetiller(舵柄)inhishands.Whenwewereinthemiddleofthelake,astrongwindcameallofasudden.Theboatwashit____25____.Dadwasalwaysathisbestinany____26____,butatthismomenthe____27____.“John!____28____!”heshoutedinatremblingvoice,withthetillerstillinhishands.Inmymemoryhecouldfixany____29____.HewastheoneIalways____30____forstrengthandsecurity.BeforeIcouldrespond,awaveofwatergotintotheboat.Irushedtothetiller____31____itwastoolate.Anotherhugewallofwater____32____theboatinaminute.Wewerethrownintothewater,andDadwasstrugglingaimlessly.Atthatmoment,Ifeltfiercely____33____ofhim.IswamtoDadquicklyandassistedhiminclimbingontothehull(船壳)oftheboat.Uponsittingonthehull,Dadwasalittleawkwardabouthisflashof____34____.“It’sallright,Dad.Wearesafenow,”Icomfortedhim.ThatwasthefirsttimeDadhadcountedonmeinamomentofemergency.Moreimportantly,Ifounditwasmyturntostart____35____formyfather.21.A.boatingB.runningC.swimmingD.teaching22.A.enjoyedB.desiredC.hatedD.learned第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 23.A.sentB.orderedC.invitedD.allowed24.A.calmB.icyC.stormyD.thundery25.A.repeatedlyB.lightlyC.hardlyD.violently26.A.dangerB.placeC.sportD.job27.A.sufferedB.fellC.frozeD.quit28.A.LookB.HelpC.RunD.Jump29.A.problemB.relationshipC.machineD.boat30.A.turnedtoB.livedwithC.arguedwithD.objectedto31.A.ifB.forC.afterD.but32.A.gotthroughB.pouredintoC.turnedoverD.liftedup33.A.ashamedB.protectiveC.tiredD.afraid34.A.painB.angerC.fearD.shame35.A.makingupB.gettingreadyC.payingoffD.lookingout【答案】21.C22.D23.C24.A25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.A31.D32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者的记忆里爸爸无所不能,可是一次难忘的航行却让作者有了新的发现——原来父亲也需要别人的帮助的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:爸爸很擅长航海,但不擅长游泳。A.boating划船;B.running跑;C.swimming游泳;D.teaching教。根据后文“IswamtoDad(我游向爸爸)”,可推知,父亲精通航海术,却不会游泳。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:至于我,因为住在安大略湖附近,所以我在12岁之前就学会了这两个。A.enjoyed享受;B.desired渴望;C.hated讨厌;D.learned学会。根据下文讲述作者陪父亲一同去航海经历,而且还救了落水的父亲,可知作者在很小的时候就学会了航海和游泳。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我回到家,邀请爸爸去航海。A.sent发送;派遣;B.ordered命令;C.invited邀请;D.allowed同意。根据上文“ThelasttimeDadandIsetsailtogetherwasreallyunforgettable.(我和爸爸最后一次一起扬帆起航真是太难忘了。)”可知接下来的内容叙述了作者跟其父亲一起去航海的经历。根据下文“Dadhadn’tsailedforyears(父亲好多年没有去航海了)”第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 可知作者在大学毕业回家后,邀请父亲一同前往,去航海。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们很快就在平静的湖面上出发了。A.calm平静的;B.icy冷淡的;C.stormy暴风雨的;D.thundery打雷的。根据下文“Whenwewereinthemiddleofthelake,astrongwindcameallofasudden. ”可知,作者他们到了湖心,突然起风。可以推断,出发的时候应该是风平浪静的。故选A项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:船被猛烈地撞了一下。A.repeatedly重复地;B.lightly轻快地;C.hardly几乎不;D.violently猛烈地。根据上文“astrongwindcameallofasudden.”可知,突然刮来一阵大风,可以推断此处为船被猛烈撞击。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:爸爸总是在任何危险的时候都能保持最佳状态。但此时他却僵住了。A.danger危险;B.place地方;C.sport运动;D.job工作。根据上文“Whenwewereinthemiddleofthelake,astrongwindcameallofasudden.Theboatwashit5 (当我们在湖中央时,突然刮起了大风。船被猛地撞了一下。)”提到船在湖中央时,突然刮来一阵大风,暗示此时作者和爸爸遇到了危险。可推知,此处指在作者记忆中,父亲应该是能处理好一切的险情,爸爸总是在任何危险的时候都能保持最佳状态。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:爸爸总是在任何危险的时候都能保持最佳状态。但此时他却僵住了。A.suffered遭受;B.fell跌倒;C.froze冻结;D.quit退出。根据后文“heshoutedinatremblingvoice(他用颤抖的声音喊道)”,可以推断,父亲是害怕了,身体僵硬住。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:“约翰!救命!”他用颤抖的声音喊道,手里还握着舵柄。A.Look看;B.Help救命;C.Run跑;D.Jump跳。根据前文“astrongwindcameallofasudden.Theboatwashit 5(当我们在湖中央时,突然刮起了大风。船被猛地撞了一下。)”暗示作者和爸爸遇到了危险;下文“heshoutedinatremblingvoice(他用颤抖的声音喊道)”可推知,父亲害怕了,自己不能处理这一切了,当然是向作者求救,希望作者帮他一把。故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我的记忆中,他能解决任何问题。A.problem问题;B.relationship关系;C.machine机器;D.boat船。根据后文“ThatwasthefirsttimeDadhadcountedonmeinamomentofemergency.那是爸爸第一次在紧急时刻指望着我。)”可知,第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 这是作者父亲第一次依靠作者,可以推断,此处为在作者的记忆中,爸爸可以解决任何“问题”。故选A项。30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:他是我寻求力量和安全感的人。A.turnedto求教于;求助于;B.livedwith与……生活在一起;C.arguedwith与……争论;D.objectedto反对。根据前文“Inmymemoryhecouldfixany9 (在我的记忆中,他可以解决任何)”及后文“forstrengthandsecurity(力量和安全感)”可知,因为作者相信爸爸能够解决任何问题,所以总是向他寻求力量和庇护。故选A项。【31题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意:我冲向舵柄,但已经太迟了。A.if如果;B.for因为;C.after之后;D.but但是。根据下文中的“Wewerethrownintothewater(我们被水墙打入水中)”提到作者和爸爸被抛进了水中,可以推断,尽管作者冲向舵柄,但是已经太迟了。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:一分钟后,另一堵巨大的水墙把船掀翻了。A.gotthrough耗尽;顺利通过(考试等);B.pouredinto倒入;C.turnedover打翻;D.liftedup举起。下一句“Wewerethrownintothewater(我们被水墙打入水中)”提到作者和爸爸被抛进了水中,由此可知巨大的水墙掀翻了小船。故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:那一刻,我强烈地想保护他。A.ashamed羞愧的;B.protective保护的;C.tired累的;D.afraid害怕的。上一句“Wewerethrownintothewater,andDadwasstrugglingaimlessly.(我们被水墙打入水里,爸爸漫无目的地挣扎着。)”提到作者的爸爸在水中漫无目的地挣扎,下文“IswamtoDadquicklyandassistedhim(我迅速游向爸爸,帮助他)”讲到作者如何帮父亲摆脱险境,由此可知作者在那一刻强烈地感觉到要保护他。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当爸爸坐在船壳上时,他对自己的恐惧感到有点尴尬。A.pain疼痛;B.anger生气;C.fear害怕;D.shame害羞。结合前文中““John! 8!”heshoutedinatremblingvoice,withthetillerstillinhishands.(“约翰!救命!”他用颤抖的声音喊道,手里还握着舵柄。)”可知,作者的爸爸用颤抖的声音向作者求救,可推知此时他为自己当时表现出来的恐惧感到尴尬。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:更重要的是,我发现轮到我去照顾我的父亲了。A.makingup组成;B.gettingready准备;C.payingoff得到回报;D.lookingout关照。根据前句“ThatwasthefirsttimeDadhadcountedonmeinamomentofemergency.(那是爸爸第一次在紧急时刻指望着我。)”可知,作者父亲依靠自己,可以推断此处为作者要照顾父亲。lookoutforsb.表示“关照,照顾”。故选D项。第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 第Ⅱ卷第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheHangzhouAsianGameswereopenedonSeptember23,2023,drawingworldwideattention.Theyarenotonlyagrandsportsevent,____36____aculturalfeastthatdisplaysthediversityandharmonyofAsia.Oneof____37____(impressive)culturalactivitiesistheAsianGamesAesthetics(美学).Itcoverssixcategories:visualarts,literature,music,dance,drama,andfilm.Theworks____38____(display)indifferentplacesandplatforms,suchasmuseums,galleries,theaters,cinemas,andonlinemedia.AnotherremarkableculturalactivityistheAsianGamesMemories,whichis____39____collectionofstories____40____(record)thehistoryanddevelopmentoftheAsianGames.TheAsianGamesMemoriesinvitesthepublic____41____(share)theirpersonalexperiencesandmemoriesofthepreviousGames,andtoexpress____42____(they)expectationsandwishesforthefutureoftheGames.TheAsianGamesMemoriesalsofeaturesinterviews____43____someofthelegendaryathletesandofficialswhohaveparticipatedintheGames.Knownastheworld’slargestsportinggala,theHangzhouAsianGamesserveasaplatformfortheathletestocompete.Mostimportantly,it’sastageforpeople’scommunicationand____44____(interact).TheHangzhouAsianGamesareabeautifulgatheringofnations,____45____thespiritofAsiaiscelebratedandthedreamofAsiaisrealized.【答案】36.but37.themostimpressive38.aredisplayed39.a40.recording41.toshare42.their43.with44.interaction45.where【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了杭州亚运会中的文化活动。【36题详解】考查连词。句意:9月23日开幕的杭州亚运会不仅是一场体育盛会,也是一场展示亚洲多元与和谐的文化盛宴。notonly...butalso...“不但……,而且……”,also使用时可以省略。故填but。【37题详解】第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 考查形容词。句意:最令人印象深刻的文化活动之一是亚运会美学。空后是名词短语culturalactivities,所以该空填形容词。根据空前提示“Oneof ”可知,此处填最高级themostimpressive作定语。故填themostimpressive。【38题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:亚运美学的作品在博物馆、画廊、剧院、电影院、网络媒体等不同的场所和平台展出。分析句子结构,该空在句中作谓语。由句意可知,此处表示客观事实,用一般现在时,主语“Theworks”和“display”之间是被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动,即aredisplayed。故填aredisplayed。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意:另一项引人注目的文化活动是“亚运会记忆”,这是一个记录亚运会历史和发展的故事和照片的集合。空后是可数名词单数collection,所以空处填不定冠词,构成短语acollectionof,表示“一组,一系列”。collection发音以辅音音素开头,所以填a。故填a。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:另一项引人注目的文化活动是“亚运会记忆”,这是一个记录亚运会历史和发展的故事和照片的集合。分析句子结构,从句谓语动词是is,所以空处填非谓语动词。逻辑主语“storiesandphotos ”和“record”之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词recording作后置定语。故填recording。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:“亚运会记忆”邀请市民分享以往亚运会的个人经历和记忆,并表达对未来亚运会的期望和祝愿。此处考查invitesbtodosth,表示“邀请某人做某事”,所以填不定式toshare,作宾补。故填toshare。【42题详解】考查代词。句意:“亚运会记忆”邀请市民分享以往亚运会的个人经历和记忆,并表达对未来亚运会的期望和祝愿。空后是名词expectations,所以此处填形容词性物主代词their,作定语。故填their。【43题详解】考查介词。句意:“亚运会记忆”还包括对一些参加过亚运会的传奇运动员和官员的采访。结合句意,这里指采访的对象包括一些参加过亚运会的传奇运动员和官员,with“包括”,故填with。【44题详解】考查名词。句意:作为世界上规模最大的体育盛会,杭州亚运会不仅是运动员竞争和超越的平台,更重要的是,也是人民交流和互动的舞台。结合空前“communicationand”可知,空处用名词interaction,与communication并列,故填interaction。【45题详解】第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 考查定语从句。句意:杭州亚运会是一次美丽的盛会,是弘扬亚洲精神、实现亚洲梦想的盛会。分析句子结构,此处考查非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“abeautifulgatheringofnations”,在从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。第四部分课本知识运用(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)请填入适当的单词(1个)或括号内单词的正确形式。46.It’sachallengeformeto______(memory)50newwordsperday.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】memorize##memorise【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意:对我来说每天记住50个新单词是困难的。该句含有“it+be+adj.+forsb.+todosth.”结构。“it”是形式主语,不定式“todosth.”是真正主语。本句中“to”后需要名词“memory”对应的动词原形,使该语法结构完整,故填memorize/memorise。47.Theactivity______(intend)topromotesalesturnedouttobeasuccess.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】intended【解析】【详解】考查非谓语。句意:这次旨在促进销售的活动证明是成功的。分析句子可知,句子已有谓语“turnedouttobe”,所以空处用非谓语;短语:beintendedtodosth.“旨在做某事”,主语“theactivity”与动词“intend”为动宾关系,所以空处用过去分词intended作定语,故填intended。48.______(original),Imadeupmymindtogoabroadforfurtherstudy.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Originally【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意:最初,我下定决心要出国深造。空处在句中作状语,所以空处用副词。处于句首,所以首字母大写。故填Originally。49.MartinLutherKingfoughtforthe______(free)andequalityoftheblack.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】freedom【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:马丁·路德·金为黑人的自由和平等而战。结合空前冠词及空后“andequalityoftheblack”可知,空处用名词freedom,与“equality”并列,作宾语。故填freedom。50.Withtheproblem________(settle),hewenthomehappily.(用所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】settled【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:问题解决了,他高高兴兴地回家了。介词with后接复合宾语,动词第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 settle和宾语之间是被动和完成的关系,用其过去分词作宾语补足语。故填settled。51.Ι______(wrap)thepackageandwasshockedtodiscoverwhatwasinside.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】unwrapped【解析】【详解】考查动词及时态。句意:我打开包裹,发现里面的东西时感到震惊。空处在句中为谓语,结合句中“andwas”可知,空处用一般过去时;结合“discoverwhatwasinside”可知,此处指打开包裹,unwrap“打开包裹”,结合时态,故填unwrapped。52.Somethemeparkstrytoteachpeopleaboutan______(advance)scientificidealikeFuturoscopeinFrance.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】advanced【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:一些主题公园试图向人们传授先进的科学理念,比如法国的“观测未来”。空处应用形容词,作定语修饰scientificidea。advanced意为“先进的”。故填advanced。53.Itisreportedthattheworkersare______strikeforapayrise.(用适当的词填空)【答案】on【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意:据报道工人为了涨薪正在罢工。beonstrike为固定短语,意为“在罢工”,空处需填介词on。故填on。54.Listeningtomusiccanmakepeoplefeelless______(anxiety)or,lonely.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】anxious【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:听音乐可以使人感到不那么焦虑或孤独。feel为系动词,其后跟形容词作表语,anxiety“焦虑”为不可数名词,其形容词形式为anxious,故填anxious。55.Acertainsleepingpositionshowsthatthesleepertends______(seek)perfection.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】toseek【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:某个特定的睡姿表明睡眠者倾向于追求完美。tendtodo...意为“倾向于做……”,不定式作宾语。故填toseek。56.LEGO,a______(power)brandintheworld,enjoysgreatpopularity.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】powerful第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:乐高是世界上一个很有影响力的品牌,享有很高的知名度。空处应用形容词作定语,修饰brand。powerful意为“有影响力的,强有力的”。故填powerful。57.TearscametomyeyesasIrealized______afoolIhadbeentojudgeJim’sfatherasafailure.(用适当的词填空)【答案】what【解析】【详解】考查感叹句。句意:我的眼里充满了泪水,因为我意识到我之前把吉姆的父亲猜测为失败者是多么的愚蠢。Whatafool!(真是个傻瓜!)本句中第一个as“因为”引导原因状语从句。realized后面跟的是宾语从句“whatafoolIhadbeen.”故填what。58.Thedoctormadeajudgementthattheboywouldmakeaquick______(recover).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】recovery【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:医生断定这男孩很快就会康复。提示词作宾语,用名词recovery,意为“康复”,结合不定冠词a可知,用单数形式。故填recovery。59.Itis______(amaze)thatJiaLingwasabletolose50kilogramswithinayear.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】amazing 【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:令人惊奇的是,贾玲竟然在一年内瘦了50公斤。空处应用形容词作表语。It为形式主语,指代that从句,表示事情,所以应用-ing形式的形容词amazing,意为“令人大为惊奇的”。故填amazing。60.Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden,carryingoutthegarbageand______(deliver)newspapers.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】delivering【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他的父母总是叫他给花园除草、倒垃圾、送报纸。此处是与weeding,carryingout并列,用现在分词作宾补。故填delivering。61.Thehouseismorethantwentymeterslongand________(measure)sixmetersinwidth.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】measures【解析】第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 【详解】考查名词。句意:这座房子20多米长,六米宽。分析句子成分可知,空格处应填谓语动词,measure表示“测量”且后跟测量数字时为不及物动词,无被动,结合上文所给的时态可知,应用一般现在时,且主语Thehouse为单数,所以应填measures。故填measures。62.Itis______(benefit)tolistentootherpeople’sadvice,buteventuallyyoumustbelieveinyourownjudgement.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】beneficial【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:听别人的建议是有益的,但最终你必须相信自己的判断。空处在句中为表语,所以空处用形容词。固定句式:Itis beneficialtodosth.“做某事是有益的。”,故填beneficial。63.______(replace)theflattyrewithanewoneandmoveon.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Replace【解析】【详解】考查祈使句。句意:把漏气的轮胎换一个新的,然后继续前进。祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等,谓语动词一律用原形,主语通常为第二人称,其句子主语常常省略。分析句子可知,本句为and连接的两个祈使句,所以空处用动词原形,处于句首,首字母大写。故填Replace。64.Generallyspeaking,thesalary______(variety)withtheexperienceoftheemployee.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】varies【解析】【详解】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:一般来说,工资因员工的经验而异。空处在句中作谓语,应用动词。vary意为“相异,不同,变化”,为不及物动词。根据句中的Generallyspeaking可知,这里表示一般情况,应用一般现在时。主语为thesalary,谓语应用单数形式。故填varies。65.AsKarlMarxsays,“Those______makemostpeoplehappyarethehappiestpeopleintheworld.”(用适当的词填空)【答案】who【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:正如卡尔·马克思(KarlMarx)所说,“让大多数人幸福的人是世界上最幸福的人。”分析句子成分可知,此句是一个定语从句,those为先行词,在句中指人,空格处在定语从句中充当主语成分,所以只能填who。故填who。第五部分书面表达(满分25分)66.假定你是李华,近期你校成立了“孔子思想研究”网上俱乐部。你的美国朋友Tom第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 对中国文化很感兴趣,请你给他写一封邮件,邀请他加入该俱乐部。内容包括:1.写信目的;2.俱乐部活动内容;3.表达期待。注意:1.写作词数应为100左右;2.参考词汇:孔子Confucius;孔子思想Confucianism;3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTom,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearTom,Knowingthatyou’reextremelykeenonChineseculture,I’mmorethandelightedtowritetoyouwiththeintentionofinvitingyoutojointheConfucianismonlineclub.Establishedbyourschoolrecently,theclubpossessesvariouscharacteristics.Firstofall,weholdregularsessions,studyingthestatementsofConfucius,whohasaprofoundinfluenceonChinesephilosophy.What’smore,professorsrelatedarefrequentlyinvitedtogivespeechesonConfucianismonline,thus,providingclubmemberswithavasttraditionalknowledge.AsfarasIamconcerned,theclubisofgreatsignificanceandhelpforyoutogainabetterunderstandingofChineseculture.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyinvitationintoconsiderationseriously.Ihavetheconfidencethatyouwillmakegreatprogress.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生向美国朋友Tom写一封邮件,邀请他加入学校近期成立的“孔子思想研究”网上俱乐部。【详解】1.词汇积累及其,非常:extremely→pretty热衷于:bekeenon→becrazyabout第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司 建立:establish→found特征:characteristic→feature2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句:What’smore,professorsrelatedarefrequentlyinvitedtogivespeechesonConfucianismonline,thus,providingclubmemberswithavasttraditionalknowledge.拓展句:What’smore,professorswhoarerelatedarefrequentlyinvitedtogivespeechesonConfucianismonline,thus,providingclubmemberswithavasttraditionalknowledge.【点睛】【高分句型1】Establishedbyourschoolrecently,theclubpossessesvariouscharacteristics. (运用了过去分词作状语)【高分句型2】Firstofall,weholdregularsessions,studyingthestatementsofConfucius,whohasaprofoundinfluenceonChinesephilosophy.(运用了现在分词作状语及who引导的非限制性定语从句)第26页/共26页学科网(北京)股份有限公司

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