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诸暨市2023—2024学年高二第一学期期末考试试题英语试卷第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Withwhatdidthemantakethephotos?A.Hiscamera.B.Hismobilephone.C.Thewoman’scamera.2.Whenwillthewomanmeetherdoctor?A.At7:00.B.At6:00.C.At8:00.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atahotel.B.Atagasstation.C.Atagarage.4.WhatdoyouknowaboutChristine?A.Sheispleasedwithherhairstyle.B.Shelookssmartwithshorthair.C.Sheisparticularabouthaircut.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshoulddo?A.Changethestyle.B.Chooseapropercolor.C.Dressprofessionally.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6至第7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Husbandandwife.C.Co-workers.7.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthenewworkers?A.Theyoughttobemoreresponsible.B.Theyshouldreceivemoretraining.C.TheyshouldmeettheHRmanager.
听第7段材料,回答第8至第9题。8.Whydidthemanmakethephonecall?A.Toordersweetfood.B.Tomakeareservation.C.Toinquireaboutcoffee.9.Whatcanyouinferfromtheirconversation?AThemanisunlikelytohavebeentothecafé.B.Thewomancannottellthelocationaccurately.C.Thespeakersaretalkingfacetofaceinthecafé.听第8段材料,回答第10至第12题。10.Whatdoyouknowabouttheconversation?A.Itisaninitiative.B.Itisanargument.C.Itisaninterview.11.Whyisthewomansofamiliarwiththebusroute?A.Sheusesiteveryday.B.Sheworksonthebus.C.Sheexploresregularly.12.Whichaspectdoesthewomanfindunsatisfactory?A.Themoneypassengersarecharged.B.Theservicethebusdriversprovide.C.Thebusshetakesonthewayhome.听第9段材料,回答第13至第16题。13.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theman’sdad.B.Theman’sbirthdayparty.C.Thewoman’sbrother.14.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisfather’sperformanceonhisseventhbirthday?A.Motivated.B.Ashamed.C.Amused.15.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetotheperformanceoftheman’sdad?A.Favorable.B.Opposed.C.Suspicious.16.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?A.Hewillaskhisfathertoperform.B.Hewillpersuadehisdadtohelp.C.Hewillassisthisdadtoperform.
听第10段材料,回答第17至第20题。17.Whatdoyouknowabouttheman?A.Hewasembarrassed.B.Hewasdrunk.C.Hewaswelcomed.18Forwhatdidthemancomeintothebar?A.Abreak.B.Awalk.C.Adrink.19.Whatdoyouthinkofthewaythewaiterhandledthesituation?A.Reasonable.B.Abnormal.C.Contradictory.20.Wheredoesthehumorofthestorylie?A.Themanmanagedtoidentifythewaiters.B.Themandidn’tshowanysignofannoyance.C.Themanthoughthewenttothreedifferentbars.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15个小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。(A)Joininginoneoftheoverseasvolunteerprogramsisafantasticideaforhighschoolstudentsduringvacations.Herearesomepopularprograms.StudentexchangeprogramsStudentexchangeprogramscanbeanexcellentwayforhighschoolstudentstotravelonabudgetandpromotecross-culturalunderstanding.Theseprogramsrangeinlengthfromacoupleofweekstoafullyearofclassesinaforeignhighschool.Feesvarybyprogram,butstudentsareoftenresponsibleforexpenseslikeairfareandfood.WorldWideOpportunitiesonOrganicFarmsAnothergreatoptionisWorldWideOpportunitiesonOrganicFarms(WWOOF).Ifyouareinterestedinworkingonafarm,youcandothatwithWWOOFinexchangeforfreeroomandboard.Opportunitiesareavailableinover500countries,andthetimecommitmentisuptoyoutodecide.Eachcountryhasitsownsetofrulesregardingminimumage,butWWOOFinGerman,Portugal,UK,andItalyacceptthoseundertheageof18.VirtualVolunteeringinNepalWhiletheideaofvirtualvolunteeringmightnotsoundquiteasexcitingasjettingofftonewdestinations,therealityisthatvolunteeringfromyourownhomecanbeadvantageous.Notonlydoyounothavetoworryabout
buyingaplaneticketorpayingforexpensivehousing,butyoucanalsodoapart-timejobwhilestillgettinganimmersive(沉浸式的)internationalexperience.Studentscanworkonanynumberofprojects,fromEnglishlanguageeducationtocommunitydevelopment.GVI:VolunteeringforTeensSpecificallyofferingvolunteerprogramsforhighschoolstudents,GVI(GlobalVisionInternational)encouragesstudentsbetweentheagesof15and17toexplorethegreaterworld.Withprogramsaboutculturalimmersion,wildlifeconservationandcommunitydevelopment,highschoolstudentscanlearntobecomeaglobalcitizen.GVIprogramsareavailablein11countriesandlastonetotwoweeks.1.WhatistheadvantageofWWOOFtohighschoolvolunteers?A.Accommodationcanbefree.B.Nocountriessettheagelimit.C.Itadvocatesorganicfarming.D.Thetimecommitmentisshort.2.Whichprogramsuitsvolunteerswhocannotmakeitoverseas?A.StudentexchangeprogramsB.VirtualVolunteeringinNepalC.GVI:VolunteeringforTeensD.WorldWideOpportunitiesonOrganicFarms3.Howdotheprogramsbenefitvolunteersthemselves?A.Theywillbeofferedmorejobopportunities.B.Theyaretobequalifiedenoughtobeleaders.C.Theycangainsomeinternationalexperiences.D.Theywillprogressinacademicperformances.(B)Eightscientistswereawardedthe2023FutureSciencePrizealsocalled“China’sNobelPrize”,thefirstChinesenon-governmentalscienceawardjointlyinitiatedbygroupsofscientistsandentrepreneurs(企业家).Sincetheestablishmentin2016,atotalof35scientistshavebeenawardedtheFutureSciencePrizesofar.ChaiJijieandZhouJianminreceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinlifesciencesforthediscoveryofresistosomes(抗原小体)andexplanationsoftheirmolecularstructuresandfunctionsinplantimmuneresponsesagainstpathogens(病原体).Understandingofresistosomefunctionswillleadtobettermethodsforcontrollingplantdiseaseandthereforehaveenormousimportanceforglobalfoodsecurity.Chaisaidthathefeltextremelyhonored,excitedandhappyviaavideocallatthepressconference.Heemphasizedthatthisrecognitionwasnotonlyforhimselfbutalsofortheteam’syearsofhardwork.“MycooperationwithProfessorZhouhaslastedfornearly20years.Ourpartnershiphasbeenproductiveandenjoyable,andIbelieveourcooperationwillcarryon,”hesaid.
Duringthevideocall,ZhouremarkedthattheFutureSciencePrizeisgroundedinthenationalcontext.Itishearteningtoseethattheprizeplacesgreateremphasisonsupportingagriculture.ZhaoZhongxianandChenXianhuireceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinphysicalsciencesfortheirinfluentialbreakthroughsinthediscoveryofhigh-temperaturesuperconductingmaterialsandsystematicadvancementsinelevatingthetransitiontemperature.Notably,bothZhaoandChenconductedsystematicstudiestoshowtheunderlyingphysicalmechanismsofhighTcmaterials,positioningthemselvesattheforefrontofsuperconductorresearchforseveralyears.HeKaiming,SunJian,RenShaoqing,ZhangXiangyureceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinmathematicsandcomputerscience,fortheirextraordinarycontributionstoartificialintelligencebyintroducingdeepresiduallearning(深度残差学习).The2023FutureSciencePrizeWeekandtheAwardCeremonywereheldinHongKongfromOctober14to17.4.Forwhatweretheeightscientistsawarded?A.Theirnever-endingpursuitofknowledge.B.Theirlong-termpartnershipinresearches.CTheirremarkablecontributionstoscience.D.Theirintenseeffortstoovercomebarriers.5.WhatcontributestotheirdiscoveryaccordingtoChai?A.Vision.B.Passion.C.Ambition.D.Cooperation.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph5indicate?A.Theirdiscoveryisground-breaking.B.ZhaoandChenhavealongwaytogo.C.Researchiscertaintoberewarded.D.Therealvaluecannotbeoverestimated.7.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthepassage?A.Toappealtomanymorepeopletoinnovate.B.Torevealtherecipefortheirgreatsuccess.C.Toencourageustobecommittedtoscience.D.Tointroducethe2023FutureSciencePrize.(C)Flashdroughts(突发性干旱)developfast,andwhentheyhitatthewrongtime,theycanruinaregion’s
agriculture.Theyarealsobecomingincreasinglycommonastheplanetwarms.InastudypublishedinthejournalCommunicationEarth&Environment,wefoundthattheriskofflashdroughts,whichcandevelopinafewweeks,isonpacetoriseineverymajoragriculturalregionaroundtheworldinthecomingdecades.InNorthAmericaandEurope,croplandthathada32%annualchanceofaflashdroughtafewyearsagocouldhaveagreaterchanceofaflashdroughtbythefinaldecadesofthiscentury.Thatresultwouldputfoodproduction,energy,andwatersuppliesunderincreasingpressure.Thecostofravagewillalsorise.AflashdroughtintheDakotasandMontanain2017caused$2.6billioninagriculturaldamageinAmericaalone.Alldroughtsbeginwhenrainfallstops.What’sinterestingaboutflashdroughtsishowfasttheyreinforcethemselves,withsomehelpfromthewarmingclimate.Whentheweatherishotanddry,soilloseswaterrapidly.Dryairextractsmoisturefromtheland,andrisingtemperaturecanincreasethisevaporativedemand.Thelackofrainduringaflashdroughtcanfurthercontributetothefeedbackprocesses.Undertheseconditions,cropsandvegetationbegintodiemuchmorequicklythantheydoduringtypicallong-termdroughts.Inourstudy,weusedclimatemodelsanddatafromthepast170yearstoassessthedroughtrisksaheadunderthreeconditionsforhowquicklytheworldtakesactiontoslowthepaceofglobalwarming.Ifgreenhousegasemissions(排放物)fromvehicles,powerplants,andotherhumansourcescontinueatahighrate,wefoundthatcroplandinmuchofNorthAmericaandEuropewouldhavea53%annualchanceofflashdroughts,respectively,bythefinaldecadesofthiscentury.Globally,thelargestprojectedincreasesinflashdroughtswouldbeinEuropeandtheAmazon.Slowingemissionscanreducetherisksignificantly,butwefoundflashdroughtswouldstillincreasebyabout6%worldwideunderlow-emissionconditions.8Whyistheflashdroughtaconcern?A.Itoftendevelopsandstrikesunexpectedly.B.Itdoesgohandinhandwithrainfall.C.Itcanbedestructivetoregionalagriculture.D.Itschancehasincreaseddramatically.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ravage”meaninparagraph2?A.Control.B.Assessment.C.Production.D.Damage.10.Whichofthefollowingisadirectcontributortoflashdroughts?A.Theconstantrainfall.B.Theincreasingfooddemand.C.Thewarmingplanet.D.Thefastpaceofmodernlife.11.Whatcanbedonetoreducethedroughtrisksaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Tocutdownoncarbonfootprint.B.Toevaluatetherisksregularly.C.Tostudyclimatemodelsanddata.D.Tomonitorweathercondition.(D)
ScientistsattheUniversityofMassachusettshaveinventedanewwaytoproduceelectricity.Theirmethodusessuper-tinyholestomakeelectricityfrommoisture(水分)intheair.Thescientistshopethemethodwillonedayleadtocheap,cleanelectricityanywhereatanytime.Moistureintheairiswhathelpscreateelectricity.Waterdropletsintheaircarryanelectriccharge.Inclouds,thesewaterdropletsbuilduplargecharges,whichwelaterseeaslightning.Oneoftheresearchers,JunYao,describedthenewinventionasa“small-scale,man-madecloud”.Sincethenewdevicegenerateselectricityfromtheair,thescientistscallit“Air-gen”.Currently,thedeviceonlymakesasmallamountofelectricity—enoughtopowerasmallsensor.Butinthelabtests,theAir-gen,whichisalittlebiggerthanafingernail,producedthatelectricityalldayandallnightforaweek,poweredbynothingbuttheair.Thescientistshavetriedtomakeelectricityfromhumidity(湿度)before,butthosemethodsdidn’tworkforlong,orwereexpensivetomake.Butin2020,DrYaoandhisteamfoundawayofgettingelectricityfromhumidityusingspecial“nanowires”madefrombacteria(细菌).Intime,thatresearchledthescientiststothekeydiscoveryoftheAir-gen:almostanymaterialcancreateelectricityinthiswayaslongasithasnanopores(纳米孔)oftherightsize.Thisisimportantbecauseitmeansinthefuture,thedevicescanbemadeverycheaply.TheresearchersarehopefulthattheAir-genwillbecomeanimportantgreenenergysource.ManyscientistsareimpressedwiththeideabehindtheAir-gen.ButsomehavesuggestedthatitmightbehardfortheAir-gentocreateenoughelectricitytoreallymakeadifference—especiallycomparedtopowersourceslikesolarenergy.ButDrYaoandhisteamareworkingonwaystomaketheAir-gentechnologymorepowerful.Becausethedeviceissothin,thescientistsbelievethatmanyAir-genlayers(层)couldbestacked(堆放)ontopofeachothertocreatemoreelectricitywithouttakingupmorespace.12.Whycanmoistureintheairbeusedtoproduceelectricity?A.Itvariesinstate.B.Itcarriescharge.C.Ithastinyholes.D.Ittrapslightning.13.WhatisthecurrentdisadvantageoftheAir-gen?A.Theinsufficientamountofelectricity.B.Thesmallsizeofthedevices.C.Itsinabilitytoworkatlowexpenses.D.Thelackofalternativematerial.14.WhatisDrYaoandhisteam’sattitudetotheAir-gentechnology?A.Uncertain.B.Optimistic.C.Disapproving.D.Critical.15.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.WilltheAir-gentakeoffintime?B.Creatingelectricityfromtheair
C.Isairgoingtobeamoney-maker?D.Inventinggreendevicesforair第二节(共5个小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Bodylanguage,importantlanguageHaveyouevernoticedthebigdifferencebetweensomeone’sbehaviorandhiswords?Orhaveyoueverfailedtocontrolyourbodyoncertainoccasionsasaresultofnervousness?Todaylet’sdiscusshowessentialbodylanguagecanbeinourdailycommunication.Studieshaverevealedthatintheprocessofcommunication,non-verbalexpressionhas65%to93%moreinfluencethanactualtext.___16___EmilieSuter,aseniorstudentofEHL,believesthatthesignificanceofbodylanguageisreflectedintheabilitytohelppeopleintheprocessofcommunication.___17___Bodylanguageisthebestexplanationofthebehaviorpsychologyofindividualsandgroups.___18___Withoutproperbodylanguage,youmayfindyourselftrappedinacirclewhereyoucannotintegratewiththeexternalenvironment.Therefore,youshouldalwayspayattentiontohowpeoplearoundyouusebodylanguagetoexpresstheiropinions—thisallowsyoutoaccuratelydetermineyournextmove.Fidgeting(坐立不安)maymeanthatthereisalackofinteractionbetweenthetwosidesoftheconversation.___19___LoichBatumba,vicepresidentofthestudentcouncilofEHL,saysthatheclearlyrememberssimilarexperiences:“Atthetimeofmyfirstinterview,myinterviewerandIbarelycommunicatedeye-to-eye,soIcouldclearlyfeelthattherewasalackofinterestbetweenourconversations.”Howtoestablishagoodpersonalimpressionisatopicthatpeoplehaverepeatedlydiscussed.___20___Thishasincreasedtheimportanceofphysicalactionsforus.A.Bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.B.Ofcourse,somebodylanguageisshareduniversally.C.Inrealsituations,bodylanguagemattersalotmorethanyouthink!D.Thismeansthat“howtosay”ismoresignificantthan“whattosay”.E.Turningtootherdirectionscanmeanheorshedoesnotshareyouropinion.F.Ithelpspeoplebetterunderstandtheoverallsituationandthusmakeadjustments.G.Interestingly,whatweseeisactuallythemostimportantstandardforustojudgeothers.第三部分:语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节:完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,
选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。YangHaoran,bornintoafamilyofcottonfarmers,spenthischildhoodplayinginthecottonfields.He___21___howhardhisparentshadtoworkusingconventionalfarmingmethods,aswellashowautomationhas___22___productivityandsavedlabor.Havingfinisheduniversity,Yangbecamea___23___farmerhimself.However,unlikehisparents,hisexperiencehasbeenvery___24___;hemanagesover200,000squaremetersofcottonfieldsandalways___25___newwaystoimproveefficiencythroughtechnological___26___.In2018,hesawthegreatbusiness___27___ofusingdrones(无人机)infarmingandestablishedhisowncompany,which___28___13droneoperators,allofwhomarepost-90sworkerslikeYanghimself.“Wearelikeabigfamily,withmembersfromdifferentethnicgroups,”Yangsaid___29___.Inpeakgrowingseason,theymovetheir___30___inaskillfulwayoverthefieldswhileintheoff-season,theytrainlocalfarmersto___31___drones.Todate,Yang’steamhastrainedhundredsoflocalfarmers.“Thiswillenablethemto___32___newtechnologies,allowingthemto___33___theadvancesinmodernagriculture,”hesaid.Yang’s___34___doesnotendthere.Hehasrecentlytakenupaprecision(精准)farmingproject,whichusesdronestocollectdataforspectralanalysis(光谱分析),andtransmitreal-timedataoncropgrowthandsoilmoisturetotheirrigationandfertilizerequipmentforprecision___35___.21.A.recalledB.witnessedC.blamedD.assumed22.A.integratedB.tackledC.generatedD.boosted23.A.cottonB.riceC.wheatD.sorghum24.A.visibleB.differentC.complexD.multiple25.A.transformsB.handlesC.seeksD.adjusts26.A.presentationB.extensionC.interactionD.innovation27.A.conceptB.potentialC.theoryD.framework
28.A.employsB.attainsC.entertainsD.promotes29.A.firmlyB.willinglyC.proudlyD.gently30.A.machinesB.dronesC.pumpsD.switches31.A.operateB.launchC.displayD.update32.A.resistB.gatherC.spreadD.acquire33.A.keepinmindB.beengagedinC.comedownwithD.keepupwith34.A.dreamB.geniusC.insightD.theory35.A.communicationB.industryC.agricultureD.tourism第二节:语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。CavetoursareoneofthemainattractionsofMammothCaveNationalPark,allowingvisitorstoexplorethepark’sextensiveundergroundcavesystem.Thereareseveraldifferenttypesoftoursavailable,rangingfrombeginner-friendlywalks___36___physicallydemandingadventures.Themostpopulartouristhe“HistoricTour”,___37___isa2-hourwalkthattakesvisitorsthroughthepark’smostfamouscavesandtunnels.Thistour___38___(offer)aglimpseintotherichculturalhistoryofthecave,includingitsusebyearly___39___(settle)anditsroleasasourceofsaltpeterduringthewarof1812.Forthoselookingforamorechallengingexperience,the”WildCaveTour“isa6-houradventurethattakesvisitorsoffthe___40___(beat)pathandintosomeofthepark’sless-exploredareas.Thistourinvolves___41___(climb)throughnarrowpassages,andisrecommendedforexperiencedcaversandthoseingoodphysicalcondition.Inadditiontothe___42___(tour)mentionedabove,thereareseveralotheroptions,includinga“DomesandDripstones”tour,whichshowsthecave’suniquegeology,___43___a“FrozenNiagara”tour,whichfeaturesasplendiddisplayoffrozenwaterfallsandtoweringstalactites(钟乳石).
Nomatter___44___yourchoiceis,itisdefinitelyauniqueandunforgettableexperiencetovisitMammothCaveNationalPark.The____45____(world)mostfascinatingundergroundlandscapeswillneverfailyou.第四部分:写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节:应用文写作(满分15分)46.校英文报“观点”栏目就参加学校刚开设的英美文化选修课程与否征集大家观点，为此请你写一短文投稿,内容要点包括：1.简述同学们的不同想法；2.你的明确观点及详实理由。注意:1.词数80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。SHOULDWETAKEOPTIONALCOURSE?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节:续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。TurtlesCrossingOnespringafternoon,Alexrodehisbikealongthecountryroadleadingtohishouse.Asheroundedabend,asigncameintohisview—Johnson’spond.Hisdadtookhimcanoeing(皮划艇)theresometimes.Alexlovedit.Nowitwasspringtimeandthepondwasalwayssoalive.There,hecouldfindfrogscroaking,dragonflieshuntingandturtlesbasking(晒太阳)onsunnyrocks.Alexwascuriousabouttheturtleshesaw.Daysearlier,hehadgonetothelibrarytocheckoutbooksonturtles.Alexlearnedthatturtlesdon’thavewarmbloodlikepeopledo.That’swhytheyhavetositinthesuntowarmthemselves.Healsolearnedthatinspringturtleslayeggsonthelandawayfromthewater.Nowitlookedliketomorrowmightbeanothersunnyday.HedecidedhewouldaskDadiftheycouldgocanoeingandlookforturtlesagain.JustthenAlexsawsomethingintheroadupahead.Itlookedlikeabiggrayrock.Butitwasafunnyplaceforarocktobe.AsAlexwatched,therockstartedtomove.Whenherodehisbikeuptogetacloserlook,hesawthatitwasn’tarockatall.Itwasalargeturtlecreeping(爬)itswayacrossthe
road.Ithadabony,beak-shapedmouthandalong,jaggedtail.Alexsuddenlyrealizedwhatshewasgoingtodo.Healsoknewnottogettooclose.Hehadreadthataturtlehasapowerfulbiteeventhoughitdoesn’thaveteeth.Itcouldevenbiteoffsomeone’sfinger.Hestoodatadistanceandwatched.Outofthecornerofhiseye,hesawacarapproaching.Theturtlewasstillonlyhalfwayacrosstheroad.Alexknewhecouldn’tpickituptomoveitsafelytothegrass.Whatcouldhedo?Thinkingfast,hestartedjumpingupanddownandwavingbothhandswildly.”Stop!Stop!“hecried.Thecarslowedtoastop,andthedriverstuckherheadoutofthewindow.Itwashisneighbor,Mrs.Ramos.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。”Areyoualright,Alex?“askedMrs.Ramos.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SuddenlyAlexgotanideahowtoprotectthemfromcardanger.
