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2024届高三统一考试试题英语试卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Gototheplayground.B.Getoutoftheelevator.C.Stopjumpingintheelevator.2.Whatwillhappenaboutthecitycenter?A.Therewillbemorepollution.B.Therewillbemorebicycletracks.C.Therewillbemoreparkingareas.3.Howwillthewomanpay?A.Incash.B.Bycheck.C.Bycreditcard.4.Whyisthewomanunsatisfiedwiththefish?A.Ittastesterrible.
B.Itisservedtoolate.C.It’snotwhatsheordered.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inatheatre.C.Atagasstation.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whodoesthemanwanttospeakto?A.MaryJones.B.JackStewart.C.DavidBowie.7.Whenwillthetrainingcoursestart?A.OnJune12th.B.OnJuly12th.C.OnJuly22nd.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howmuchistherentfortheextralargetentperday?A.$10.B.$50.C.$60.9.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Reserveatent.B.Lookforacampingsite.C.Changehercampingplan.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whenwillthemantourthecampus?A.OnMondaymorning.B.OnMondayafternoon.C.OnTuesdayafternoon.11.Whichyearofcollegearethespeakersprobablyinnow?A.Thefirstyear.B.Thesecondyear.C.Thethirdyear.12.WhatactivitywillthemantakepartinonTuesdaymorning?A.CareersLecture.B.StudentUnionInduction.C.LibraryTour.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatpositionisthemanapplyingfor?A.Amusicteacher.B.Aradiohost.C.ATVproducer.14.Whatdoesthemansayaboutsendinge-mails?
A.Heisgoodatit.B.Heneedstimetopractice.C.Heprefersmakingphonecalls.15.Whatdoesthejobinvolveaccordingtothewoman?A.Alotoftraffic.B.Gettingupearly.C.Dealingwithcomplaints.16.Whoappearsintheman’sreferencelist?A.Hisformerboss.B.Hisformerclassmate.C.Hisformercolleague.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whenwilltheracebeheldthisyear?A.OnMay11th.B.OnMay23rd.C.OnMay24th.18.Wheredoestheracestart?A.Atthefootballground.B.Onthenorthsideofthepark.C.Atthemainentranceofthepark.19.Whatcaneveryrunnergetthisyear?A.AT-shirt.B.Awaterbottle.C.Apairofrunningshoes.20.Whocanrunintheracefreeofcharge?A.Childrenbetween8and15.B.Childrenundertheageof8.C.Adultswhohaveregisteredinadvance.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,BC,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHerearefourcitiesthataregreatforwintertravel.QuebecCity,CanadaQuebecCityisoneoftheoldestcitiesinNorthAmerica.Inthewinter,itiscoveredinathickblanketofsnow,creatingbeautifulwinterscenery.VisitorscanexploretheQuebecCitycastle,thestreetsoftheoldtown,andancientchurches.Youcanalsotrywinteractivitiessuchasskiing,ice-skating,anddog-sledding.Helsinki,FinlandHelsinki,thecapitalofFinland,turnsintoafairytale-likecityinthewinter.Youcantakeawalkalongthe
frozencoastoftheBalticSea,visitSt.Nicholas’AnglicanChurchandtheNationalMuseumofFinland,andindulgeinthepleasureoftastingcandyandhotchocolateinwarmcafes.Additionally,youcanexperiencethewondersoftheArcticCirclenearbyinLapland,includingchasingthenorthernlights,reindeersledding,andvisitingSantaClausVillage.Innsbruck,AustriaInnsbruckissituatedintheAlpsandisawintersportsdestination.Thecityisfamousforitsmagnificentmountainsceneryandworld-classskiresorts.Visitorscanenjoythemedievalarchitectureinthecitycenter,skiattheOlympicskiresort,orwatchskijumpingcompetitionsattheskijumpingvenue.Lausanne,SwitzerlandLausanneisacityintheFrench-speakingregionofSwitzerland,locatedontheshoresofLakeGeneva.Thecityboastscharminglakeviewsandsnow-cappedmountainbackgrounds,makingitanidealwintervacationdestination.Youcantakeastrollalongthelakesidepromenade,visittheOlympicMuseum,orsampleSwisscuisinesuchaschocolateandcheesefondue.Additionally,Lausannehassomefamousskiresorts,suchasLesDiableretsandVillars.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinQuebecCityduringthewinter?A.Visitthefamouschocolatefactory.B.ExploreSantaClausVillage.C.Appreciatetheoldbuildings.D.Walkingalongthebeautifulbeach.2.WhichcitywillbethefirstchoiceifonewantstoseetheArcticlandscape?A.QuebecCity.B.Helsinki.C.Innsbruck.D.Lausanne.3.Whatdothelasttwocitieshaveincommon?A.Theyhavefamousskiresorts.BTheyhaveworld-famousmuseums.C.Theyarelocatedontheshoresoflakes.D.TheyarefamousfortheOlympicGames.BCreightonisnostrangertothemedia.HewasthefaceofaTVseries,whichremainspopularforitsbehind-the-sceneslookattheupsanddownsofzoolife.Hewasoftenstoppedonthestreet,andisregularlycalled“themanfromthezoo”.Creighton’sfatherandhisbrotheralsoworkedatDublinZoo.“Idon’teverremembernotbeinginthezoo,”
hesaid.Creighton’spassionforanimalwelfareisclear,andnotsomethingthathasreducedovertheyears-forhim,orhisfather.Justafewhoursearlierhewasatthevet’swithhisfatherwheretheir15-year-oldGermanshepherdhadtobeputtosleep.“Foranyzookeeper,losingananimalislikelosingapartofyourself,”saidCreighton.Hehasbeenpresentfortheeuthanasiaofanoldlion,whichreducedmanyzookeeperstheretotears.Hewaspresentforthedeathofachimpanzeeinher50swhobothCreightonandhisfatherhadcaredforovertheyears.Healsodescribedthedeathofarhino,whichescapedfromatransportcontainerin1996,assomethinggut-wrenching.InJanuary2021,heleftDublinZooandstartedhisownconsultancyagency,GlobalElephantCare.Heisworkingondevelopingelephantcareandenclosures(围场)inFrance,theUK,theUS,Israel,AustraliaandtheUnitedArabEmirates,whereelephantswillhaveairconditioningtosavethemfromthe50-degreeheat.Heisalsoworkingonprojectstomanagethegradualreleaseofelephantsbackintothewild,butneverthelesstalksstraightlyabouttheirsituation.Thereareabout40,000Asianelephantsleftintheworld.Inanhour,therewillprobablybefiveorsixAfricanelephantskilledfortheirivory.Despitethecruelrealityforelephantsaroundtheworld,withincreasinghumanencroachment(侵占)ontheirnaturalhabitat,Creightonfacesitwithasmile.4.WhyisCreightonfamiliartomedia?A.HewasinvolvedinaTVprogram.B.Hefilmedadocumentaryonthepeople.C.Hepostedhisworklifeinthezooonline.D.Hewasthezookeeperofthepopularzoo.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gut-wrenching”inparagraph3mean?A.Tooproud.B.Greatlycheerful.C.Quitehelpless.D.Extremelyupset.6.WhatisCreighton’spurposeofestablishingGlobalElephantCare?A.Toraisemoneytohelpelephants.B.Toguaranteetheelephants’welfare.C.Tomanagetheelephantsinthewild.D.Toimproveelephants’livingconditions.7.WhatcanbeusedtodescribeCreighton?A.Efficientandjust.B.Sociableandloyal.C.Caringandoptimistic.D.Sensitiveandmean.
CAnewstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofBritishColumbia(UBC)andtheUniversityofVictoriahasshownthatcommonlevelsoftrafficpollutioncandamagehumanbrainfunctioninonlyamatterofhours.“Formanydecades,scientiststhoughtthebrainmaybeprotectedfromtheharmfuleffectsofairpollution,”saidseniorstudyauthorDr.ChrisCarlsten.“Thisstudy,whichisthefirstofitskindintheworld,providesfreshevidencesupportingaconnectionbetweenairpollutionandcognition.”Forthestudy,theresearchersbrieflyexposed25healthyadultstodieselexhaust(柴油废气)andfilteredairatdifferenttimesinalaboratorysetting.Brainactivitywasmeasuredbeforeandaftereachexposureusingfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI).Theresearchersanalyzedchangesinthebrain’sdefaultmodenetwork(DMN),asetofinter-connectedbrainregionsthatplayanimportantroleinmemoryandinternalthought.ThefMRIrevealedthatparticipantshaddecreasedfunctionalconnectivityinwidespreadregionsoftheDMNafterexposuretodieselexhaust,comparedtofilteredair.“WeknowthatalteredfunctionalconnectivityintheDMNhasbeenassociatedwithreducedcognitiveperformanceandsymptomsofdepression,soit’sconcerningtoseetrafficpollutioninterruptingthesesamenetworks,”saidDr.JodieGawryluk,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofVictoriaandthestudy’sfirstauthor.“Whilemoreresearchisneededtofullyunderstandthefunctionalimpactsofthesechanges,it’spossiblethattheymayimpair(损害)people’sthinkingorabilitytowork.”Notably,thechangesinthebrainweretemporaryandparticipants’connectivityreturnedtonormalaftertheexposure.Dr.Carlstenassumedthattheeffectscouldbelonglastingwhereexposureiscontinuous.Hesaidthatpeopleshouldbemindfuloftheairthey’rebreathingandtakeappropriatestepstominimizetheirexposuretopotentiallyharmfulairpollutantslikecarexhaust.8.Howdoestrafficpollutionaffectpeopleaccordingtothestudy?A.Exhaustingtheirbody.B.Decreasingtheirincome.C.Endangeringtheirsafety.D.Harmingtheirbrainfunction.9.WhatmaytheDMNberesponsiblefor?A.Growth.B.Sport.C.Memory.D.Behaviour.10WhatcanpeopledotoreducetheimpactaccordingtoDr.Carlsten?A.Avoidbeingexposedtothepollutedairconstantly.B.Bemindfuloftheairqualityinanewcity.C.Measurethebrainactivityinlaboratories.
D.Stayinsideahouseasoftenaspossible.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ARoleOfBrainWillBeRuinedB.TrafficPollutionMayImpairBrainFunctionC.AFamousUKUniversityDidAVitalStudyD.ASourceOfPollutionHasDrawnPeople’sAttentionDInrecentyears,studieshavesuggestedhowthebisphenolA(BPA)insomefood-packagingplasticshasbeenlinkedtovarioushealthproblemsincludingheartdiseaseanddevelopmentaldifficultiesinchildren.Scientistsarethusdevelopingamoreharmlessalternative,andit’smadefromtomatowastewhichwouldotherwisebegotridof.However,BPAisstillwidelyusedintheplasticcoatingswhichareappliedtotheinsideofmetalfoodpackagingsuchascans.Thesesmoothwaterproofcoatingshelpprotectthemetalfromcorrosion(腐蚀),plustheykeepthefoodfromstickingtotheinsideofthecontainer.Buildingonpreviousstudies,aninternationalteamhasresearchedatypeofagriculturalwasteknownastomatopomace.Thismaterialtypicallyconsistsoftomatoskins,seedsandstems,whichareleftoverafterthefruitshavebeenprocessedforuseinfoodssuchassaucesorjuices.Ordinarily,thepomaceissimplydumpedinalandfill,burned,oratbestcomposted.Itmayalsobeusedinanimalfeed,althoughitdoesn’thavemuchnutritionalvalue.Thescientistsstartedbydryingtomatopomace—firstinthesunforthreedays,thenina60℃ovenfor16hours—afterwhichtheygroundeditintoapowder.Thatpowderwassubsequentlymixedwithasodiumhydroxidesolution(溶液),whichwasthenheatedat100℃forfourhours.Afterrepeatedlyfilteringthatsolutiontoremovethesodiumhydroxide,theresearcherswereleftalipid.Thatlipidwasthenmixedintoanethylalcoholsolutionwhichwassprayedontosamplesofsomemetal.Oncethesprayhaddriedandthesampleshadbeenheatedina200℃ovenfor10to60minutes,theresultwasapolymerizedlacquercoatingwhichprovedtobeveryeffectiveatprotectingthemetal.Thescientistsnowplanontestingthecoatingonactualcans.“Wewouldtaketomatosauce,andotherfoodsthatareusuallysoldincans,andwewouldsterilizethem,putthemintinsandcheckiftheywithstandrealconditions,”saidascientist.12.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelytousetheplasticcoating?A.Apotfullofwater.B.Acupfilledwithcoffee.C.Atincontainingapplejuice.
D.Anironboxstuffedwithpackagedfood.13.Whatdoweknowabouttomatopomace?A.It’susedasanimal’sfoodwithrichnutrition.B.Ithasbeenusedintheplasticcoatings.C.Peopleuseittomakesauceorjuice.D.Peopleusuallytreatitinmanyways.14.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.Howthenewcoatingiscreated.B.Whyheatingisimportant.C.Whyhightemperatureisneeded.D.Whatothermaterialsareincluded.15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Topresentascientificstudy.B.Tointroduceanewmaterial.C.Toshowacomplexprocess.D.Toteachanactualtest.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cultivatinggratituderequireseffortandacommitmenttochange.Thefollowingexercisescanhelpyoutakeonagratefuloutlook.Practicemindfulness____16____.Tapintoyoursensesandletyourmindlinger(逗留)onpleasant,everydaysensations.Focusonthetasteofaripestrawberry,forexample,thefeelingofthesunonyourskin,orthegentlesoundofbackgroundmusic.Thiscanhelpgroundyouinthepresent,pullingyouawayfromworrying.KeepagratitudejournalTherearemanywaystocreateagratitudejournal.First,decideifyouwanttokeepaphysicaljournalthatyouwriteinoradigitallistonyourphoneorcomputer.____17____.Youcanupdatethejournalonaweeklybasis,endingtheweekbyputtingdownthreeorfourmomentsthatyouappreciated.____18____Buildrelationshipsbywritingthank-youletterstopeopleinyourlife.Gointodetailabouttreasuredmemoriesfromyourrelationship.Writeaboutthepositiveeffectthey’vehadonyourlife.Whenyou’redoneyoucanmailordeliverthelettersinperson.RevisitandreframepasteventsMostofuscanrecallpasteventsthatweregret.____19____.Althoughtheymayhaveledtodisappointment,
shameorevenheartbreak,you’velikelyalsolearnedsomethingfromtheseexperiences.Whilethesegratitudeexercisescangiveyourmoodandoutlookawelcomeboost,itcantaketimeforthemtoimpactyourmentalhealthandoverallwell-being.Bepatientandcontinuepracticinggratitude.Turntheexercisesintolittlerituals.Intime,youmaynoticeyourstresslevelsdropandrelationshipsstrengthen.____20____.A.WritenotesofappreciationB.ListwhatdeservesappreciationC.AlittlegratitudecandoharmtoyourmoodD.Then,you’llhaveevenmorereasonstobegratefulE.Then,considerhowoftenyou’llupdatethejournalF.ItcouldbeanythingfromafailuretoangerataclosefriendG.Enjoyinglittlemomentsinyourlifecanbeawaytocultivategratitude第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B,C,D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenwethinkofagrocerystore,weusuallypictureaislesoffoodandeverydaynecessities.Butsometimes,it’salsowhereunexpected____21____areformed,turningasimplestoreintoabackdropforheartwarminghumanconnections.EllieWalker,____22____ataBritishgrocerystore,wasknownforherfriendlydemeanor.Ellieenjoyedthedailychatwithcustomersbutnever____23____howdeeplytheseinteractionscouldimpactherlife.Itwasduringoneofthese____24____conversationsthatEllieencounteredEdwinHolmes,anelderlyregularcustomer,who____25____thathehadnoonetospendChristmaswith.Thisrevelation____26____achordinEllie’sheart,asshecouldn’tbearthethoughtofEdwinspendingthefestiveseasonalone.Edwinhadlosthiswifein2006after45yearsofmarriage.Hisfamily,includingadaughterandgrandchildren,livedinAustralia,makingit____27____forthemtobetogetherduringtheholidays.ThisleftEdwinfacingtheprospectofa____28____Christmas.UpsetaboutEdwin’ssituation.Elliedecidedto____29____agestureofkindness.SheinvitedhimtojoinherforaChristmasmeal,hopingto____30____amemorableandjoyousexperienceforbothofthem.“Ithought,ifitwasmygranddadandhewasalone,Iwouldwantsomeonetotalktohim.”Ellie’sinvitationtoEdwinwasmorethanjustakind____31____itwasastartoftheirfriendship.FromthatmemorableChristmasdinner,abeautifulfriendship____32____.EllieandEdwinbeganmeeting
regularlyforcoffee,sharingstoriesandenjoyingeachother’s____33____.Theirrelationship,whichstartedwith____34____conversationsinagrocerystore,had____35____ameaningfulandenduringfriendship.21.A.techniquesB.bondsC.ideasD.steps22.A.candidateB.participantC.employeeD.volunteer23.A.plannedB.meantC.arguedD.anticipated24.A.routineB.positiveC.bitterD.amusing25.A.agreedB.revealedC.requestedD.debated26.A.chargedB.outgrewC.struckD.overlooked27.A.cautiousB.impossibleC.competitiveD.sympathetic28.A.lonelyB.warmC.sharedD.delightful29A.extendB.commandC.disciplineD.assign30.A.allowB.begC.remindD.create31.A.fearB.prejudiceC.gestureD.temptation32.A.conductedB.stressedC.blossomedD.remembered33.A.companyB.comfortC.entertainmentD.leisure34.A.delicateB.casualC.difficultD.potential35.A.putaboutB.takeninC.struggledforD.growninto第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Usingathree-dimensional(3-D)transmissionelectronmicroscopytechnique,agroupofChinesescientistshavediscoveredanewphenomenoninthedeformation(变形)ofnanometals,whichwillhelpimprovematerialdesignandengineeringapplications.HuangXiaoxu,aworld-renownedscientistinthefieldofmaterialsscience,____36____(lead)ateamattheCollegeofMaterialsScienceandEngineeringofChongqingUniversityanditscooperators,createdtheworld’sfirst3-Dmicroscopytechniquesystem____37____trackedtherotationsofindividualgrainsinananograinednickelbeforeandafterinsitunanomechanicaltesting.Thetestingenablestheobservationofhowthematerialsrespondtoappliedstressin____38____(they)nativestate,whichisfundamentaltounderstandtheirmechanical____39____(property),saidtheresearch.Theyfoundthatthenanosizedgrainssometimesexperiencelatticerotationsdifferentfromthe____40____(theory)prediction.Thisunexpectedlatticerotationoccursmoreofteninthelargergrainsandisduetoa
phenomenon____41____(call)backstress,whichgeneratestherotation.HuangXiaoxu’steam____42____(develop)3-Dmicroscopytechniquesoverthepast10years.Themicroscopyisequipped____43____self-developedcontrollinghardwareandsoftwaretoenhancetheefficiencyofimagecollectionandprocessing.“Inthepast,withconventionalmicroscopy,scientistscouldonlyobservethematerialdeformationinatwo-dimensionalway,____44____oftenledtoincompleteorevenmisleadingresults,”saidHuang.“Nowwecan____45____(eventual)observethedeformationin3-D,andourfirstfindingusingthetechnique.”第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，最近你校将举办以“FoodAndCulture”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你以学生会的名义用英语写一则通知张贴到学校的国际部，内容包括：1.比赛时间和地点；2.比赛的要求；3.希望积极参与。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。NoticeDearstudents___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thestudentunion第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iwasfifteenwhenmyworldtookahopelessturnfortheworst.Mymomwasdiagnosedwithcanceragain.Shehadundergonesurgeryandbeatenthecancer.Thenthecancercameback.However,therewasmoretoworryaboutthanthediseasethatmymomwasbattling.Mydadhadleftusyearsbefore.Besides,becauseofthemounting
medicalbillsshewaspayingforherpreviouscancer,wewereontheedgeoffinancialruin.Iwastooyoungtogetajob.Thatwinterwastheworst.Wedidn’thavemoneytopayforelectricity.Ourneighbor,Sophia,allowedustouseherelectricitysothatwecouldhaveonelamponinourhome.Thegasstoveinthelivingroomwastheonlyheatinourhouse.Mymomsleptinhercoldroom,withasmanyblanketsaswecouldpileonher.ThanksgivingDaycame.Isearchedourcupboardsforfoodandtherewasn’tmuch.IstartedslammingdoorsasIlookedthroughthecabinetsforacanoffoodwemighthavemissed.ThemoreIsearched,theangrierIbecame.Thenoisemusthavewokenmymom,becauseshecametothekitchenwrappedinablanket.Shelookedworriedatmeandasked,“Baby,what’swrong,”Iretorted,“I’mhungry.I’mfreezingtodeathinourownhouse,”Iwasn’tangryather.Iwasangryatoursituation.Sheopenedherarmstowardmeandsaid,“Comehere.Rightnowthingsarehard,buthopeisalwaysthere.Whateverdifficultieswemeet,weshouldbestrong.Allyouhavetodoishavefaith.Whynotbelievewecanbebetterbyusingourownhands?”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。IwasdeeplyashamedofwhatIhaddoneandsaid.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________JustasIwonderedwhattodotospendthenight,Sophiaknockedatourdoor.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
