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东城区2022—2023学年度高二第一学期期末统一检测英语试卷本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共三节，共42分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AtLuckyCandy,asmallneighborhoodstore,customersareinforaluckytreat.AhmedAlwan,acashierofthestore,inventedagamethat’ssincegoneviral:if___1___correctlyanswerhismathquestions,theyareabletograbasmanyitemsaspossibleinfiveseconds—allfor___2___.Alwancameupwiththeideatoprimarily___3___“low-incomecommunitymembers”andhehimselfendsuppayingforwhateverthewinnerscollect.ForAlwan,23,joyisessentialasbreakfast—butregularsathisfamily’scornerstoresometimes___4___both.“Thisneighborhoodhasalotofpoorpeople,”hesays.“They’veknownmesinceIwasalittlekid.Iknowmostofthembyname.Iseepeople—someofwhomare___5___customers—sleepingonthetrain.Iusedtogivethembutteredrolls,coffeeandbananasinthemorningto___6___theirdays.”Afanofmaththroughouthighschoolandcollege,Alwanthoughtofthewaytocombinehisloveofentertainingandaltruism(利他主义)intothegametogoonhelpingpeopleandkeeptheir___7___skillssharptoo.Sohowdoesallthegift___8___andproblemsolvingaffectthestore’sprofits?Alwansaidithasn’taffectedthefamilybusinessnegatively.“It’soutofmyown___9___,”hesaid.HerecentlylaunchedaGoFundMepageontheInternettoraisefundsforthegameaswell.Iftheequation(方程式)forhappinessequalskindnessplus____10____,Alwanhasalreadysolvedit.1.A.shoppersB.cashiersC.ownersD.witnesses2.A.funB.goodC.freeD.love3.A.chooseB.helpC.educateD.gather4.A.insistonB.liveoffC.adjusttoD.strugglefor5.A.potentialB.closeC.extraordinaryD.domestic
6A.clarifyB.guideC.evaluateD.brighten7.A.tradingB.verbalC.mathD.reading8.A.exchangingB.makingC.designingD.giving9.A.pocketB.needC.controlD.head10.A.modestyB.generosityC.honestyD.bravery第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。CharlieChaplinisahouseholdnamearoundtheworld.He___11___(regard)asoneofthebestcomedyactors.Peopleofallagescanbemadelaughheartilybyhisperformances.Inmyopinion,the___12___(funny)thingofallaboutCharlieChaplinwasthewayhewalkedwhenhewasactingastheTramp,___13___isapoormanwithakindheartandoftenhasunexpectedadventures___14___(involve)thepolice.TheTrampisasymbolofthesilentcinema.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。LastSaturday,Iwenttotheschoolsportsfieldtowatchthefinalofthe4×100-metrerelayatourannualsportstournament.___15___therace,everyonewasquietandstill.Whentherunnerssetoff,everyonewentwild!Weallstoodupandstartedshouting.Itwaslikebeinghitbyahugewaveof___16___(excite).Theracewasalloverinjustoneminute.Whenthefirstrunner___17___(cross)thefinishline,everyonewasontheirfeet,cheering.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。YuanLongpingwasbornin1930inBeijing.Hisparentswantedhimtopursueacareerinscienceormedicine.However___18___concernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.YuanLongpingovercameenormoustechnicaldifficultiestodevelopthefirsthybridriceforfarmingin1974.Today,itisestimatedthatabout60percentofdomesticriceconsumptioninChinaiscomprisedofcrops
___19___(generate)fromYuan’shybridstrains.Yuan’sinnovation___20___(help)feednotjustChina,butmanyothercountriesthatdependonriceaswell,suchasIndiaandVietnam.第三节(共4小题;每小题3分，共12分)根据中文意思和括号内所给的提示词，翻译下面句子。请在答题卡指定区域作答。21.这是一个奇妙无比的、对每个人都有吸引力的主题公园。(appealto)Thisisanincrediblethemepark________.22.“一个成功课堂的关键是让学生参与进来。”那位教授说。(becrucialto...)“________asuccessfulclassroomistoinvolvestudents,”theprofessorsaid.23.刚才我打电话给史密斯先生，感谢他劝说我儿子改掉那个坏习惯。(persuade,quit)JustnowImadeacalltothankMr.Smithfor________.24.微笑可以打破隔阂是一个普遍真理。(breakdownbarriers)Itisauniversaltruth________.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，共28分)第一节(共9小题;每小题2分，共18分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAccommodationisavailableforAltUniversitystudentsinanumberofdorms(宿舍)forgirlsandboysasseparated.ThesedormsarelocatedinMatbeycampusandaredesignedtoprovideaclean,comfortable,secureandcivilizedenvironmentforthestudents.♦FEESTRUCTURERoomTypeAnnualRate(9months)PerSemesterDescriptionSingleRoom$3,750$1,875Frontview(14m2)SingleRoom$3,550$1,775Frontview(10m2)SingleRoom$3,450$1,725Backview(14m2)TripleRoom$2,250$1,125Backview(30m2)QuadrupleRoom$2,450$1,225Frontview(32m2)QuadrupleRoom$2,100$1,050Backview(30m2)
Roomfeeincludesaccommodation,electricity,heatingandwater,WiFi,cleaningservicesandlaundry.Roomchargesandmealplansarefor9months(oneacademicyear)or1semesterduringthestudyperiodattheuniversity.Oncestudentsregisterforthedormormealplan,itcannotberefunded(退款)incaseofcancelingthestayorthemealservice.♦FACILITIESMealPlan:Studentscanchooseamealplanincludingthreecoursesinadayduringtheirstay.Foronesemesteritcosts$810,fortwosemesters$1620.CleaningService:Thecleaningofdormroomsandcommonspacesisprovidedbyprofessionalcleaners.Cooking:Residentscaneitherdineatthein-houserestaurantorcooktheirownmealsatthecommonkitchenarea.LeisureTimeActivitiesandRelaxation:Musicroomandgymareavailablefortheuseofstudents,freeofcharge.Safety:AltUniversityDormitoryoffersstudentsasafeaccommodationwithits24/7securityand24/7availablestaff.♦HOWTOAPPLY?Studentscanprefertostayatthedormitoryforthefirstsemesteronlyortwosemestersboth(thewholeacademicyear).Inordertomakearoomreservation,youshouldfillintheonlineapplicationform.Duetolimitedspace,applicationswillbeprocessedonafirst-comefirst-servedbasis.Overseasstudents,studentslivingindistanceinthecityandstudentswithhandicapwillbegivenpriorityovertheothers.25.XieLeiisgoingtospend$1,200〜$1,400onaccommodationforthefirstsemesterinAltUniversity,whatroomtypecansheapplyfor?A.QuadrupleRoomwithfrontview.B.QuadrupleRoomwithbackview.C.SingleRoomwithfrontview.D.TripleRoomwithbackview.26.Studentslivinginthedormcan________.A.usethegymatalowerpriceB.enjoyfreeheatingandwaterC.cookmealsinaparticularareaD.stopthemealplananytimeandgetthemoneyback27.Whatmayhelpastudentsuccessfullyapplyforadorm?
A.Applyingforaccommodationforthewholeacademicyear.B.Sendingtheapplicationformasearlyaspossible.C.Applyingforadorminadistantcampus.D.Volunteeringforthedormcleaningjob.BSamanthaCristoforetti.2022/10/12…仰观宇宙之大，俯察品类之盛，所以游目骋怀，足以极视听之娱，信可乐也。Lookingup,Iseetheimmensityofthecosmos;bowingmyhead,Ilookatthemultitudeoftheworld.Thegazeflies,theheartexpands,thejoyofthesensescanreachitspeak,&indeed,thisistruehappiness.ESA及另外4人Besides‘‘wow”and“great”,whatelsewouldyousaywhenflyingovertheEarthinspace?SamanthaCristoforetti,anItalianfemaleastronaut,postedseverallinesofafamousancientChinesecompositiononTwitterduringhermissionattheInternationalSpaceStationtoshareherjoy.ShefirstwroteinChinese,andthenattachedanaccuratetranslationofthelinesinbothItalianandEnglishtohelpmorepeopleunderstand.ThetextshequotedisfromthePrefacetoPoemsComposedattheOrchidPavilion,aChinesecalligraphymasterpiecebyWangXizhioftheEasternJinDynasty.ShealsoattachedthreephotostakeninspaceofChina’sBohaiBayandtheday-nightviewofBeijing.ThebeautyofspaceandChineseliteratureresonatedonCristoforetti’sTwitteraccount.HerpostwentviralonTwitterwiththousandsofretweets,likesandrepliesinafewhours.“HerquotationofthelinesshowsthatsheobservedtheuniversewiththevisionofChinesecivilizationwhileobservingChinafromspace,”oneusercomments.“AEuropeanastronautinspacerecitesChineseancientpoetry,howromantic,”saysanother.CristoforettihasbeenhighlypraisedforherChineselanguageskills.TheItalianspeakshalfadozenlanguages
andhaspreviouslytakenpartinjointtrainingbetweentheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)andtheChinaMannedSpaceAgency.ApartfromCristoforetti,MatthiasMaurer,aGermanastronautfromESAwhowenttoChinatogetherwithCristoforettiforthejointtraining,canalsospeakfluentChinese.SinceChinaandEuropehavehadfriendlycooperationinthefieldofmannedspaceflight,manyforeignastronautshaveshowngreatinterestinlearningChinese.ESADirectorGeneralJosefAschbacherispositiveabouttheunifyingspiritofspaceexploration.Hesaid,“Spaceisinternational.Thereisnowaytoputaboundaryinspace—becausethespacestationandthesatellitesflyaroundtheearth,crossboundaries,crosscultures,crossreligionsanddifferentdividesintermsofphilosophyandhistory.”WhiletheremaybemanyproblemsbetweennationshereonEarth,inspace,cooperationisstrong.28.WhatmadeCristoforettipostthemessageontheInternet?A.ThedesiretoshowoffherChinese.B.Theamazementattheviewofthespace.C.ThewishtoworkwithChineseastronauts.D.Thedutyofpopularizingspaceknowledge.29.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?A.CristoforettispreadChinesecivilizationonherTwitteraccount.B.Cristoforetti’ssuccessinlearningChineseencouragedothers.C.Cristoforetti’spostbecameahitontheInternet.D.Cristoforettiisageniusatlearninglanguages.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Spaceexplorationsettlesdifferencesbetweennations.B.ThelongingforsolvingproblemsonEarthisuniversal.C.Masteringmorethanonelanguageisatrendamongastronauts.D.Cooperationinthespacefieldbridgesthegapbetweencultures.CLightinghascomealongwaysinceTomEdisonlithisfirstincandescentbulb(白炽灯泡)inthe1880s.LEDbulbsarepoppingupeverywherenow,onplanes,carheadlights,inyourphone.AndengineersareexploringmorewaystouseLEDs—everythingfromwirelessdatastreamingtosecurecommunicationsystemsandin-flightnetworking.EngineerHaraldHaas,co-founderofpureLiFi,explainshowLEDscanbeusedtotransmitinformation,“LEDs
havethepropertythatwecanchangethelightthatcomesoutofanLEDvery,veryquickly.Thatchangeinthebrightnessiswhatweexploitinordertoencodedataextremelyfast,sothatareceiverwillthenseethesechangesinthelightintensityinawayahumaneyewouldnotbeabletodetect.Thenwehavealgorithms(算法)torecoverthesechangesandgetbackthedatastream.”TherearemanyadvantagestousingLEDstotransmitinformation.Foronething,LEDscancommunicatemuchfasterthanWiFi.What’smore,thevisiblelightspectrum(频谱)isabouttenthousandtimeslargerthantheradiospectrum.Thiswouldallowcommunicationsystemstonotonlyuseaspectrumthat’salreadybeensetup,butvastamountoffreespectrum,whichisincars,inourLEDlightsathome,instreetlightsandsoon.“It’subiquitous.It’salreadythere,”Haassays.LiFiwouldalsobemoresecurethanWiFi.Becauselightcan’tgothroughwalls,peoplewouldnotbeabletologontoLiFinetworksinthesamewaythatthey’reabletologontoandeavesdropon(窃听)ongoingWiFicommunications.HaasarguesthatLiFiwouldalsobeavailableinplaceswherecommunicationistypicallydifficultwhenwecan’tuseradio.Oneinterestingapplicationcouldbetousecarheadlightstocommunicatewithotherdriversontheroad.“WecanusetheseLEDstotransmitdatafromcartocar.Normallyyouseethecarinfrontofyou,butifyouwereabletorelayhigh-definitionvideofrom,say,threecarsinfrontofyou,youcouldseeearlierwhat’shappening.Thisisawaywecanenhancesafetyonourroads,”Haassays.HaasandhiscoworkersforeseetheLEDlightindustrychangingrapidlyinthenearfuturetoincludeadditionalfeatures.“ThatiswhereLiFiplaysakeyrole.Fromhomesensingofinterior,you’dfindoutifpeoplehavefallendownandthewayyouwouldnavigate(导航)indoors.Somany,manymoreapplicationswouldbepossiblewithlight,”Haassays.31.WhatisessentialtoenableLEDstosendsignals?A.TheresearchworkbypureLiFi.B.QuicklychanginglightofLEDs.C.CommonuseofLEDsindailylife.D.Accurateanalysisoflightintensity.32.Whatdoesthesentence“It’subiquitous.”inParagraph3probablymean?A.LiFi’sspeedissuperfast.B.LEDlightsarefreetouse.C.LEDsarestableinquality.D.Availablespectrumiseverywhere.33.HaasmentionstheexamplesinthelasttwoparagraphsmainlytoindicateLiFi’s________.A.advantageinsecurityB.matureapplicationC.promisingprospectD.rapidupgrades第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThePowerinAcceptingYourErrorsItpaystobekindtoyourself.Anewstudyshowsthatbeingcompassionate(同情)withyourselfwhenyoumakemistakescanreducedepression.Itisgenerallygoodtoholdyourselftohighstandardsandstrivetodoyourbest.Butsometimespeoplehaveunrealisticviewsofwhattheyshouldachieve.___34___Thenwhentheymakeamistake,theymaybetoounforgivingofthaterror.Itisanunhealthyformofperfectionism.Thisiswhenapersonviewsanythingimperfectasunacceptable.___35___However,self-compassioncanhelpprotectpeoplefromsuchnegativeimpacts,anewstudyfinds.___36___“It’softeneasytosaykindandsupportivethingstoourfriendswhenthingsgowrongforthem,”saysMadeleineFerrari.She’sapsychologistatAustralianCatholicUniversityinSydney.“Ifwecansaythesethingstoourselves,wewillstillreachourgoalsbutwillhavebettermentalhealth,”shesays.___37___Ferrari’steamwantedtoseeifself-compassionmightweakenthatlink.Theresearcherssurveyed541teenagersand515adults.Theyaskedthesepeopletofilloutasetofthreequestionnairesandaskedtheparticipantstoratetheirlevelsofperfectionism,depressionandself-compassion.Inbothgroups,peoplewhowerekindertothemselveswerelesslikelytoexperiencesadnessanddepression,theresearchersfound.___38___Andthatcouldbeespeciallytrueforperfectionists.A.Theysetstandardsthataretoohigh.B.Eventhemostintelligentandproductivepeoplemakemistakes.C.Thisisagoodexampleofimprovingandchangingbasedonamistake.D.Self-compassionistreatingyourselfthewayyouwouldtreatagoodfriend.E.Suchfeelingscanincreasestressandleadtosymptoms(症状)ofdepression.F.Solearningself-compassioncouldimprovetreatmentforthosewithdepression.G.Previousresearchhasshownthatpeoplewhoareperfectionistsaremorelikelytobecomedepressed.第三部分书面表达(共两节，共30分)第一节(共3小题;第39题2分，第40题3分，第41题5分，共10分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。FarmThemeParksPopularinJapanInmoderntimes,whenwethinkorhearaboutmajorthemeparks,whatoftencomestomindaresuccessfulfranchiseslikeDisneyland,DisneyworldandUniversalThemeParks.Butagrowingindependentgroupof
specializedthemeparksinJapanarecatchingtheattentionofthosewhoareinsearchofentertainment,freshfoodandthefeelofthegreatoutdoors.Forexample,NamegataFarmersVillageisasweetpotatothemeparkinIbarakiPrefecture,anareanotedforsweetpotatoproduction.“Thenumberofsweetpotatoproducershasdroppedduetotheagingpopulation.Wethoughtuptheideatoconveythecharmofagriculturetoyoungpeoplewhomovedtourbanareasbecausetheydidn’twanttotakeoverfromagingfarmers.Wehopedtosecureastablefutureforsweetpotatoes,”saidToshikazuNagao,presidentofthevillage.NamegataFarmersVillagecoversatotalareaofabout33hectares,or82acres,andutilizesabandonedfarmland.Aformerprimaryschoolisusedasthemainfacility.TheparkfeaturestheYakiimoFactoryMuseum,arestaurant,adirectsalesshopforagriculturalproductsandrentalfarmland.Classesformakingsweetpotatocakesarepopularamongfamilieswithchildren.TheconceptofanagriculturethemeparkisnotnewinJapan.IganoSatoMokumokuTezukuriFarmpioneeredtheconceptofagriculturalthemeparksinthelate-1980s.Thefarmopenedin1988whenMokuMokuTezukuriFarmCo.,anagriculturalcorporation,attemptedtoimprovetheaddedvalueofIgapork,alocalbrand.Localbeer,breadandtofuarenowproducedatthe14-hectarefarm.Visitorscanexperiencemakingsausagesinafactory,enjoybeingclosetoanimals,andeatatarestaurant.“Ithinkfarmthemeparksarethefuturedirectionofagriculture.Itshouldalsoleadtothepreservationofthelocalrusticscenery(乡村风光),”NaoyukiMatsuo,presidentofthefarmsaid.WhetherthethemeparkconceptflourishinginJapanwouldeverworkinothercountriesremainstobeseen,butforthoseinJapan,atleast,thinkingoutsidetheboxisearningfarmersandfoodcorporationsalikeagoodprofit.39.WhoareusuallyattractedtofarmthemeparksinJapan?__________________________________________________________40.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.ThefirstagriculturethemeparkinJapanopenedin1988withthepurposeofhelpingyoungpeoplelivinginurbanareasknowmoreaboutrurallife.__________________________________________________________41.NaoyukiMatsuosaid,“farmthemeparksarethefuturedirectionofagriculture”.Doyouagreewithhim?Whyorwhynot?(Inabout40words)__________________________________________________________第二节(20分)42.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim
来信说他最近读了一些科学家的传记，认为科学家有很多优秀品质非常值得年轻人学习，并询问你对此观点的看法。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.赞同他观点;2.你从科学家身上学到的一种品质;3.你践行这一品质的一个事例。注意：1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua
