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东城区2022—2023学年度高一第一学期期末统一检测英语试卷本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，共25分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MyfamilymovedtoPerth,AustraliawhenIwassix.Onthefirstdayofschool,Iwas___1___becauseIcouldn’tevensayhelloinEnglish.ThenImetNatsumi.HerfamilyhadjustmovedtoAustraliafromJapan.UnabletospeakawordofEnglish,wecouldonly___2___throughbodylanguage,butthisdidnotstopusfrombecomingfast___3___.MymumhasaclearmemoryofonecartripwhenNatsumiandIweresittinginthebackseat,laughingandtalkingtoeachotherinbrokenEnglish,ItwasthefirsttimeIhadfelt___4___enoughtospeakthefewwordsIhadlearnedthroughouttheyear.Unfortunately,attheendofthatyear,Natsumi’sfamilymovedtoQueenslandandminetoNewSouthWales.Welost___5___.Yearslater,Iwentintotrainingasateacher,teachingEnglishtonewly-arrivedstudentsandadults.ManyofmystudentswereJapanese,which___6___meofNatsumi.ThoughIhadlongbeenlookingforher,mysearcheshadsofarlednowhere.OnavisittoJapanin2018,I___7___again.Havingspentalongnightonline,IcameacrosssomeonenamedNatsumi.Tryingmyluck,Isentheramessage.Thenextday,therewasa___8___:“Gabi?GabifromPerth?”Weagreedonadateandmetupfordinner.Seeingheragainwas___9___.However,thistime,wewerenotonlyabletocommunicatewithoneanotherinEnglish,but____10____so.1.A.angryB.frightenedC.excitedD.curious2A.exploreB.improveC.studyD.communicate3.A.friendsB.roommatesC.advisersD.travellers4.A.shockedB.confidentC.upsetD.calm5.A.heartB.hopeC.interestD.touch6.A.warnedB.remindedC.informedD.freed
7.A.appliedB.trackedC.triedD.failed8.A.replyB.tipC.contactD.sign9.A.awkwardB.impossibleC.attractiveD.unbelievable10.A.honestlyB.peacefullyC.fluentlyD.politely第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.Thefirstweekwasalittle____11____(confuse).First,IhadtothinkverycarefullyaboutwhichcoursesIwantedtotake.Theschooladviserhelpedmechoosethesuitableones:maths,English,chemistry,worldhistory,andChinese.IknowthatChineseisaverydifficultlanguage,____12____IhopetobefluentwhenIgraduate.MyadviserrecommendedthatIshouldsignupforadvancedliterature____13____IlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhenMichaelJordan’sfeetlefttheground,timeseemedtostandstill.Theplayer____14____becameknownas“AirJordan”changedbasketballwithhisgracefulmovesandjumps.Jordan’s____15____(skill)wereimpressive,butthementalstrengththatheshowedmadehimunique.Inthefinalsecondsofagame,Jordanalwaysseemedtofindawaytowin.Jordansaysthatthesecrettohissuccessislearning____16____hisfailures.Losinggamestaughthimtopracticeharderandnevergiveup.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。HurricaneIan,apowerfulstorm____17____hitCubaearlierthisweek,grewtoastrongstormbeforemakinglandfallonFlorida’swestcoast.Atleast125people,including120inFloridaand5inNorthCarolina,____18____(die)sincethedisasterhappened.Lastweek,IansweptsouthwesternFlorida,bringingheavyrainsanddangerousflooding.NinetypercentofFortMyersBeach____19____(destroy)byit.Rightnowrescueworkers____20____(work)harddayandnighttomakesurepeoplearesafe.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，共28分)第一节(共9小题;每小题2分，共18分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheLongjiRiceTerracesDayTourOverviewPrice:US.$128PerPersonTime:EveryDayat8:00amDuration:9hoursHighlights—PrivateGuidedTourforphotographylovers—Exploretheextremelyattractivericeterraces—ExperiencetheuniquecustomsandlifestyleoflocalZhuangvillageDescriptionTheLongjiRiceTerracesarethemostamazingterracesinChina.Withahistoryofaround700years,theLongjiRiceTerracesshowboththegreatwisdomandphysicaleffortsoftheZhuangpeople.ItineraryAt8:00am,yourtourguideanddriverwillpickyouupfromyourhotelinGuilinandtransportyoutotheamazingLongjiTerraces.(*Touristsstayingoutsideofthecitycenterneedtopayanextrafee.)Afteratwo-hourdrive,youwillreachtheentrancetotheLongjiTerraces,whereyouwilltakeaneco-sightseeingbustoPing’anVillage.Thenthetourguidewillshowyouaroundthevillage.Lunchisonyourown.Yourexpertguidecangiveyousomeadviceonthefoodchoicesinthevillage.Afterashortlunchbreak,walkfor20minutestoNo.2ViewingPlatform,aperfectplaceforawonderfulviewoftheterracesbeneath.Youwillhaveenoughtimetotakepicturesandenjoythefreshair.Otherservices◇Hotelpick-upanddrop-off◇PrivateEnglish-speakingguide
◇Privatedriver&air-conditionedvehicle◇Entrancefeestotouristsites21.Thetourissuitableforpeoplewholike______.A.localfoodB.studyinghistoryCtakingphotosD.cityadventures22.Whatinformationcantravellersgetfromtheitinerary?A.Thetourlasts2hours.B.Lunchisincludedintheprice.C.Transporttoriceterracesisfree.D.No.2ViewingPlatformisamust-go.23.Thepurposeofthepassageisto______.A.giveadviceonhikingB.promoteapackagetourC.introduceatouristattractionD.providegeographicinformationBTheolderyouget,themoredifficultitistolearnanewlanguage.Butnooneknowsexactlywhatthecutoffpointis—atwhatageitbecomesharder.Inoneofthelargeststudies,researchersfromBoston-baseduniversitiesfoundthatchildrenaregoodatlearningasecondlanguageupuntiltheageof18,about10yearslaterthanearlierthought.Butthestudyalsoshowedthatitisbesttostartbyage10ifyouwanttoachievethegrammaticalfluencyofanativespeaker.Tosolvethisproblem,theresearchteamcollecteddataonaperson’sage,languagelevelandtimestudyingEnglish.Theycreatedashortonlinegrammarquizcalled“WhichEnglish?”thattestednoun-verbagreement,pronouns,prepositionsandrelativeclauses,amongotherlinguisticelements.Theywantedtofindoutwhenthe“criticalperiod”forachievingthehighestlevelsofgrammaticalfluencyends.Basedonpeople’sgrammarscoresandinformationabouttheirlearningofEnglish,theresearchersdevelopedmodelstofindouthowlongittakestobecomefluentinalanguageandthebestagetostartlearning.Theyconcludedthattheabilitytolearnanewlanguage,atleastgrammatically,isstrongestuntiltheageof18.Tobecomecompletelyfluent,however,learningshouldstartbeforetheageof10.Therearethreemainideasastowhylanguage-learningabilityfallsat18:socialchanges,interference(干扰)fromone’sprimarylanguageandcontinuingbraindevelopment.At18,kidstypicallygraduatefromhighschoolandstartcollegeorentertheworkforcefull-time.Oncetheydo,theymaynolongerhavethetime,opportunitytostudyasecondlanguage.Oritispossiblethatafteronemastersafirstlanguage,itsrulesinterferewiththeabilitytolearnasecondlanguage.Finally,changesinthebrainthatcontinueduringthelateteensandearly20smaysomehowmakelearningharder.
Thisisnottosaythatwecannotlearnanewlanguageifweareover20.Therearemanyexamplesofpeoplewhopickupalanguagelaterinlife.AlthoughthestudywasconductedonlyinEnglish,theresearchersbelievethefindingswilltransfertootherlanguagesandtheyaredevelopingsimilartestsforSpanishandMandarin.24.InParagraph2,“thisproblem”refersto______.A.atwhatagepeoplecandothequizB.howpeopleimprovetheirlanguageskillsC.whypeoplefindithardtomastergrammarrulesD.inwhatperiodpeoplecanlearnanewlanguagewell25.Whydoespeople’slanguage-learningabilityfallat18?A.Becausetheyhavenogoodlearningenvironment.B.Becausetheyarebusydevelopingotherlifeskills.C.Becausetheyneedn’timprovethelanguageability.D.Becausetheyfocusmoreontheirprimarylanguage.26.Whydoestheauthorwritethepassage?A.Toexplainafinding.B.Toprovideasolution.CToleadadiscussion.D.Tosupportanopinion.CAbout6millionto12millioncreaturesaredissected(解剖)inU.S.classroomseveryyear,accordingtotheNationalAnti-VivisectionSociety,ananimalrightsgroup.Whilemanystudentseagerlylookforwardtothechancetoexaminerealanimalsupclose,otherssaythatthere’snoeducationalvalueincuttingintoanimals’bodies.Shouldstudentsdissectrealanimals?DavidEvansthedirectoroftheNationalScienceTeachersAssociation,arguesthatstudentsshouldbegiventhechancetodissectanimalsintheclassroom.Studentslearnbestinahands-onenvironmentwheretheycanworktogethertoexploreanddiscover.Interactingwithorganisms(生物)isaneffectivewaytohelpstudentsdevelopskillsofobservationandcomparisonandlearntheuniquestructures(结构)andprocessesoforganisms.Asgoodasmanymodelsorsimulationsmightbe,theyareverydifferentfromrealorganisms.Andhebelievestheyfallshortofproducingtherespectforlivingthingsthatcomesfromtheactualdissectionexperience.JonathanBalcombe,abiologistandalife-longanimalrightssupporter,says,“Ispentmanyyearsasabiologylabteacher.IrememberthehorriblefeelingIhadwhenitcametimeformyclasstodissectanimals.Thelesson
requiredthatstudentscutopenandexaminedeadfrogs,fetalpigs,sparrows,andothercreatures.Ifeltpityfortheseanimals,whoprobablysufferedbeforebeingkilled.AndIknewtheirpaincouldhavebeenavoided.Ifstudentsandteacherssawhowtheseanimalstypicallyendupontheirdesks,Ibelievethatdissectionswouldsoonstop.”Hepointsouttherearemanyeffectivechoicesforlearninganimaldissectionandphysiology,including3-Dmodels,videos,andcomputersoftware.HundredsofprogramsarefreethroughlendingserviceslikeTheScienceBank.Thesimulateddissectionscanberepeated,andtheprogramsprovidefeedback.Severalstudieshaveshownthatcomputermodelsandotherchoicesteachstudentsjustaswellasorbetterthantraditionalanimaldissection.I’mnotsurprisedthatnostaterequiresdissectiontograduatefromhighschool,andnocollegeoruniversitydemandsitaspartoftheadmissionsprocess.Infact,lawsin18U.S.statesandWashington,D.C.supportastudent’srighttouseotherchoices.However,dissectioncouldhavealegalplaceineducationiftheanimalsdidnotsufferandwerenotintentionallykilled.Forexample,someschoolshavestudentsdissectanimalsthat“wereputtosleep”formedicalreasonsandwhosebodiesweredonatedtoscience.27.WhichofthefollowingmayEvansagreewith?A.Modelsareaseffectiveasactualdissections.B.Studentsareshortofchancestodissectanimals.C.Dissectinganimalshelpspeoplerespectcreatures.D.Studentsbenefitmuchmorewhenlearningingroups.28.WhatdoweknowaboutBalcombe’sviewondissectinganimals?A.Itcausespaintoanimals.B.Itadvancesmedicineresearch.C.Itshouldbemoreeducational.D.Itshouldbeputinschoolprograms.29.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thenatureofdissection.B.Thenecessityofdissection.C.Theresultofdissectinganimals.D.Theresearchondissectedanimals.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。KeepSightofDryEye
Doyoureyesfeeluncomfortableordry?Ifso,youmighthavedryeyesyndrome(综合征).____30____Itcanaffecttheenjoymentofsocialactivitiesandyourabilitytofocusonyourstudies.Butsolutionsfordryeyesdoexist,soreadon.Inthepast,dryeyesyndromewasmainlyaconditionexperiencedbyolderadults,butitnowaffectsmanyyoungpeopleaswell.Dryeyeoftenresultsfromoveruseofcomputersorsmartphones,whichcausestheusertoblink(眨眼)less.Sinceblinkinghelpskeepoureyeswet,alack(缺少)ofitcanleadtodryeye.____31____Asaresult,thosewhospendalotoftimeindoorsareparticularlyatrisk.Finally,wearingamedicalmaskcancausedryeye,sincebreathingwithamaskoncanforceairoutthroughthetopofthemaskandintooureyes.____32____Thefirststeptowardpreventioniscleanliness.Whenyouwashyourface,cleanyoureyeswithamildsoap.Then,coveryoureyeswithawarm,wetcloth.Preventingdryeyealsomeansavoidingtirednessintheeyes,sotakefrequentbreakswhenusingyourcomputer.Whileyou’reonacomputerbreak,focusonblinking,makingsurethatyoucloseyoureyesfullyoneachblink.____33____Anotherwaytopreventdryeyeistodrinkmorewater.Forgoodoverallhealth,expertsadvisedrinking8to10glassesofwaterperday,whichwillincreasetearproduction.Ifyousufferfromdryeyesyndrome,thesestepscangoalongwaytowardmakingyoureyesfeelbetter.However,iftheproblemdoesn’tgoaway,thenit’stimetoseeadoctor.____34____A.Afterall,yourhealthisworthkeepinganeyeon.B.Blinkingcanhelpprotectthesurfaceofyoureyes.C.Thishappenswhenyoudon’tproduceenoughtears.D.Air-conditioningandfansalsocontributetodryeye.E.Limitscreentimeandtakebreaksfromstaringatscreens.F.Treatmentsfordryeyescanincludeeyeexercisesandeyedrops.G.Allittakesisafewlifestylechangestopreventandtreatdryeyesyndrome.第三部分(共三节，共47分)第一节选词填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)A请用方框中的单词完成句子。strategydemandmajorrescueobviously35.Sugarisa______causeoftoothache.
36.Theboywasintearsand______veryupset.37.Thesesports______bothspeedandstrength.38.Theladywastryingto______hersonfromthefire.39.Wemustdevelopa______todealwiththeproblem.B请用方框中的短语完成句子。addictedtoapplyforlookingforwardtoinruinstakecontrolof40.Mikeis______computergames.41.Aftertheearthquake,thewholecitywas______.42.Wearereally______seeingyouagain.43.Studentsareencouragedto______theirownlearning.44.KateisplanningtogotoIcelandforholiday.Shewill______avisasoon.C请用方框中单词的正确形式完成句子。injurearrangeconfidentpowercreate45.Haveyoumadeallyourtravel______?46.Twoplayersareoutoftheteambecauseof______.47.That______inventordesignedanewkindofmachine.48.IfeltIwasdoingwellandmy______begantogrow.49.Anathleteshouldhavea______bodyandastrongmind.第二节阅读表达(共4小题;第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Weareallfacedwithchallengesinourlives.Mostpeoplehaveahardtimeacceptinganddealingwiththem.Thetruthisthatyouwillhavetodealwithdifficultproblemsthroughoutyourlife.Herearesometipsonhowtodealwitheverydaychallenges.1.Don’tcompareyourlifestylewithothers.Itisreallydifficultnottocompareourselveswithothers;however,themoreoftenwedothat,themoredissatisfiedwewillfeel.Therewillbepeoplethatmayhaveaccomplishedmorethanyou.Thekeythingtorememberisthatyoucreateyourownstoryandsuccessinlife.
2.Don’tblameothers.Manypeoplemakeahabitofblamingothersforalltheirproblems.Theyfailtotakefullresponsibilityforthedecisionstheyhavemadeinlife.Themoreyoublameothersforthechallengesyouarefacedwith,themoreyouwillmakepeopledislikeyouandnotwanttobearoundyou.Thefirstthingyouwanttodowhenfacedwithapersonalchallengeisnottostartpointingfingersatothers.3.Acceptchangesinyourlife.Youwillhavetodealwithchangesinlifeallthetime.Manypeopledon’tlikechangebecauseitgetsthemoutsideoftheircomfortzone.Youmaybeunhappyorhappyatcertaintimes;however,youhavetorealizethatthosetwofeelingswillnotlastforever.Youhavetoalwaystrainyourmindtobeatpeacedespitetheemotionalstateyouareexperiencing.4.Don’tthinktoomuch.Whenyouthinktoomuchaboutaneventthathappened,youwillstarttojudgeeverythingandeveryone.Whenyouthinktoomuch,youwillhaveaveryhardtimeacceptingrealityandyouwillthinkthatsomethingisnotright.Thinkingtoomuchcanalsoleadyounottotakeactiononyourgoal.Thiscanmakeyoureallysadinthelongrun.Lifeisfullofitsupsanddowns.Withtherightmindsetandpractice,youwillbeabletoovercomethemeverytimeandgrowintheprocess!50.Whatisthekeythingtorememberifyouwanttostopcomparingyourlifestylewithothers?______________________________________________________51.Whatwillhappenifyoublameothersforthechallengesyouarefacedwith?______________________________________________________52.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.•Youwillfeelsadbecausethinkingtoomuchmakesyourefusetoacceptreality.______________________________________________________53.Whataretheotherwaystodealwithchallengesinyourlife?(Inabout40words)______________________________________________________第三节(20分)54.假如你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim发来邮件，表示他对自己的形象不满，因此感到十分烦恼。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.表示理解；2.提出建议。注意：1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：形象、外貌look
DearJim,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua
