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房山区2022-2023学年度高三第一学期诊断性评价英语试卷第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Itwasawindyday.IwaswalkinginaforestwhenIsawababysquirrel(松鼠),whofelloutofitsnest,lying____1____ontheground.Itriedmanytimestoputitback,butfailed.Afterwaitingovertwohours,Ifounditcouldn’t____2____,soIdecidedtotakeittomyhomeforthenight.Onceathome,Irealizedthesquirrel,whoInamedCathy,wasstilluncomfortable.Idiscoveredthatthereweresomeweedsonherbody,soIgavehera____3____andgotherallcleanedup.Threedayslater,Cathycouldmoveintheroom.Toourdelight,shegot____4____tomeandmyfamily.Igavealotoftimeandattentiontoher,andevenmadeheranest.Everyday,Ifedheracombinationofhealthyfoods,includingfruits,vegetables,andnuts.Undermy____5____,thebabymembergotbetterandbetter.Everyonewhocametomyhomelovedher,andsheeven____6____withmytwodogs.Oneweeklater,Cathyrecovered____7____.Irealizeditwastherighttimeforhertoleave.I____8____herintothewildseveraltimes,butshejustkeptcomingback!Maybeshewasso____9____thatIsavedher,andexpresseditinherownway.Atlast,withthehelpofmyfriend,thesquirrelwentintothewild.“Cathyhasbroughtalotof_____10_____intomylife,anditseemsthatshefeelsthesameway!”1.A.calmB.silentC.weakD.curious2.A.waveB.seeC.approachD.move3.A.rideB.bathC.choiceD.trick4.A.ruderB.noblerC.closerD.noisier5.A.careB.controlC.guidanceD.praise6.A.putupB.gotawayC.brokeupD.gotalong7.A.completelyB.differentlyC.anxiouslyD.disappointedly8.A.riskedB.threwC.hidD.released9.A.happyB.confidentC.gratefulD.proud10.A.securityB.joyC.courageD.freedom第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Lastweekend,Iparticipatedinaclean-upactivity.Itwasorganizedbyanorganization____11____aimedtoprotectnaturalparks.Ourteamleader,Joe,____12____(take)ustoaparkoutsidethecity.Hedividedusintotwogroupsandweworkedforseveralhours.____13____madeushappywasthattheparklookedcleanerthanithadlookedbefore.Itwasabsolutelyworthoureffort!There’llbeanotherclean-upactivityinthegreenbeltnextSaturday.I’lljointoo.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Chinese____14____(researcher)havedeployedanin-situscientificexperimentstationontheseabedthatwillenablelong-termuncrewedscientificresearchinthedeepsea.Thein-situscientificexperimentstationisanewdeep-seasystem____15____(suggest)byChinainrecentyears.Usually,____16____(tradition)marinesurveystakesamplesfromtheseabedandgetthemtestedinthelandlabs.Forin-situtestinginthedeepsea,damageorlossofsampledataduetoenvironmentalchangescan____17____(avoid).C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Possessingmorebamboothananyothercountryintheworld,ChinaisknownastheKingdomofBamboo.TotheChinesepeople,bambooisthesymbolofvirtue.Ithasthetitleof“thegentlemanofplants”.Itisalways____18____(close)relatedtopeopleofpositivespirit.Forexample,____19____(it)deeprootsymbolizesdetermination,andthestraightandhollowstemrepresentsstraightnessandmodesty.BambooculturealwaysplaysapositiveroleinencouragingChinesepeopletoholdonwhen____20____(face)toughsituations.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASomelibrariesuseuniquearchitecturetoencouragevisitorstoexplorethebookshelvesandsettledownwithanewbook,oruserovinglibrariestobringbookstohard-to-reachpopulations.Nomatterhowtheyachieveit,thesenovellibrariesarekeepingthemagicofreadingalive.BishanLibrary(Singapore)Builtin2006,thislibrarywithskylightsandtrellises,ismeanttoinvokeamodernglasstreehouse.Glass
podsofvaryingcolorsstickoutofthebuildingrandomlytocreatecozyyetairycornersforreadingthroughoutthebuilding.Atthesametime,amoreopen-planchildren’sroomonthebasementlevelinvitesinteractionwhilepreventingnoisefromfilteringupwardanddisturbingthoseconcentratingintheloftyperchesabove.StuttgartCityLibrary(Stuttgart,Germany)Openedin2011,thisnine-storypubliclibraryischaracterizedbyitsattractivewhitecolorscheme(litbybluelightatnight),itsboldcubicshape.Thisculturalcenterforthecity,designedtofeelopenandfulloflight,canbeenteredfromanyofitsfoursides,andpeoplecanborrowartworkaswellasbooks.TheCamelLibraryService(NorthEasternProvince,Kenya)TocombatlowliteracyratesinthedesertofKenya,thegovernmentcreatedaroaminglibrarycomposedofninecamelsbringingbookstovillages.Thelibrarytravelsfourdaysaweekservingtheregion’snomadicpeople.Withmorefunding,theyplantoincreasetheirreachbothindistanceandthebookstheycarry.MacquarieUniversityLibrary(Sydney,Australia)Awonderfulcombinationofcutting-edgeandsustainableideas,thisbuildingwasmadefromrecycledmaterials,featuresagreenroof,andwasdesignedtolookliketheshapeofaeucalyptustree.Itisalsostateoftheart,usingrobotcranestobringrequestedbookstothefrontdesk.21.Whichofthefollowingcanoffertheserviceoflendingartwork?A.BishanLibrary.B.StuttgartCityLibrary.C.TheCamelLibraryService.D.MacquarieUniversityLibrary.22.WhatcanweknowabouttheMacquarieUniversityLibrary?A.Itisintelligentandenvironmentally-friendly.B.Ithasagreenroofandaeucalyptustreeoutside.C.Itislikeamodernglasstreehousewithskylights.D.Itopensfourdaysaweekservingthelocalpeople.23.Accordingtothepassage,thefourlibrariesarealldesignedto________.A.preventnoiseB.recycleoldbooksC.encouragereadingD.presentbeautifulappearancesBInfluencedbyherfamily,XustartedtolearnthecraftofmakingChineseknotsathome,butdidn’texpectthepastimetochangeherlifeatfirst.Xubecameacity-levelinheritorofthisprovincial-levelintangiblecultural
heritagein2009,andhasbeendevotedtodevelopingthecraftsincethen.Asafanofphotography,sheoftentookphotosofdragonflies,butterfliesandflowersaroundalakenotfarfromherhome,thenshemadeknotsresemblingthem,andpostedthephotosonawebsite.Thatattractedtheattentionofsomepeople.Asanadvertisingdesignmajor,shemakesinnovatedknotsbasedonherknowledgeofdesign,andcanusevariousthreadstomakesmall,exquisitedesigns.ShehascreatedmanyseriesofworksbasedontraditionalChineseculture,suchasfestivals,teaandPekingOperacharacters.“ShowingChineseculturethroughtraditionalChinesecrafts—thatistheoriginalaspirationformeasaninheritoroftheintangibleculturalheritage,”saysXu.Shehasmademorethan3,000designs,andevenopenedtwoofflinebranchstores.Herproductsincludedecorationsofdifferentsizesthatcanbeputonwalls,carornaments,cellphonechainsandjewelry.“Ibelieveourintangibleculturalheritagecanbebetterdevelopedandpasseddownwhenitmeetspeople’sneedsindailylife,”saysXu.Chen,anonlinefollower,hasbeenteachinghowtomakeknotsintheUnitedArabEmirates.“InfluencedbyXu’swork,Ilearnthecrafttocultivatemytemperament,andIalsoteachchildrentobetterunderstandChineseculture,”saysChen.“ChinesecultureispopularintheUAE,andIoftenmakesomeknotswithChineseelementsforlocalpeopleasgifts.”Xuhasalsobeengenerousinhelpingothers.Shetaughtthisarttoworkerswholosttheirjobsinherhometown,allowingthemtomasteraskillfromwhichtheycouldearnanincome.Studentsandpeoplewithdisabilitieswerealsobeneficiaries.Indeed,morethan20peoplewithdisabilitiesnowactuallyworkforher.Despitethesuccessofhercareer,Xusaysworkingonthecrafthasbenefitedhermoreinaspiritualway.“Tyingknotsrequiresconcentration,andyoumustnotbedistractedduringtheprocess.Ithastrainedmetodealwithmattersinacalm,peacefulandrationalway,”saysXu.“Ibelievethelifeofonepersonisshort,andyouhavetherighttodecidehowtospendit.”24.Withtheknowledgeofdesign,Xucan________.A.postplentyofattractivephotosonthewebsiteB.drawthePekingOperacharactersmorevividlyC.makemanycreativeknotsrelatedtoChinesecultureDtakemanyprofessionalphotosofanimalsandflowers25.WhatcanwelearnaboutXu?A.Sheplanstoopenmoreofflinebranchstoresabroad.B.Shedesignsproductswithafocusonpeople’severydayneeds.
C.Sheiswell-knownforteachinghowtomakeknotsintheUAE.D.Shewantstohelpdisabledstudentsimprovetheirconcentration.26.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeXu?A.Honestandeasy-going.B.Modestandstrong-willed.C.Humorousandhard-working.D.Innovativeandkind-hearted.27.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TraditionalChineseCraftsGoGlobalB.ChineseKnot-making,aSkillNottobeIgnoredC.TraditionalChineseCultureBecomesFashionableD.ChineseKnot-making,aChancefortheUnemployedCWiththedevelopmentoftechnology,“paperless”seemstobethenewtrend.Insteadofwritingbyhand,peoplebegantousecomputerstotypeinordertoproducetextquickly.Somepeoplesaidwordprocessingmadeproducingandeditingtextmucheasier.Willhandwritingbecompletelyreplacedbytyping?A2017studyinthejournalFrontiersinPsychologyfoundthatregionsofthebrainassociatedwithlearningweremoreactivewhensubjectscompletedataskbyhandinsteadofonakeyboard.Notonlythat,butthestudy’sauthorsalsofoundthatwritingbyhandcouldpromote“deepencodingorprocessing”inawaythattypingdoesnot.Infact,therehavebeenmanysuchstudiestoarriveatthatconclusion.Onenotableexamplefrom2014comparedstudentswhotooknotesbyhandwiththosewhotooknotesonlaptops.Theyfoundthatthestudentsusinglaptopstendedtowritedownwhattheprofessorsaidwordforword,whilethosewhotooknotesbyhandweremorelikelytolistentowhatwasbeingsaid,analyzingitforimportantcontentand“processinginformationandreframingitintheirownwords.”Whenaskedconceptualquestionsaboutthelecture,studentswhohadtakennotesbyhandwerebetterabletoanswerthanthosewhohadtypedtheirnotes.DanielOppenheimer,oneofthestudy’sco-authors,toldMedium’sElementalthatinordertoanalyzethelecture,peoplehadtocontemplatethematerialandactuallyunderstandthearguments.Thishelpedthemlearnthematerialbetter.Themostannoyingthingaboutwritingbyhandisalsowhatmakesitsoeffectiveforlearning.VirginiaBerninger,aprofessorattheUniversityofWashington,says,“Whenwewritealetterofthealphabet,theprocessofproductioninvolvespathwaysinthebrainthatgonearorthroughpartsthatmanageemotion.”Pressingakeydoesn’tstimulatethosepathwaysthesameway.Shesays,“It’spossiblethatthere’snotthesameconnectiontotheemotionalpartofthebrainwhenpeopletype,asopposedtowritinginlonghand.”“In
thesamevein,writinginlonghandalsoallowspeopletoreallyfigureoutwhattheymeantosay,”Oppenheimersays,“whichmayhelpself-expression.”Ourkeyboardsaregreatforalotofthings.Butsometimes,there’snoreplacingthefeelingofspreadingoutacleansheetofpaper,uncappingabelovedpen,andlettingtheinkflow.28.TheauthorusesthequestionunderlinedinParagraph1to________.A.predicttheendingB.introducethetopicC.emphasizeanopinionD.drawaconclusion29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Peoplewhowritebyhandtendtothinkdeeply.B.Peoplewhowritebyhandarelikelytomakecomparisons.C.Peoplewhowritebyhandslowdowntheirlearningprocess.D.Peoplewhowritebyhandfinditdifficulttoimprovetheirmemory.30.Asforhandwriting,theauthorthinksitis________.A.accurateB.unimportantC.annoyingD.beneficialDOfalltheweirdandwonderfulcreatureslivingunderthesea,perhapsthestrangestarejellyfish—thoserubbery,cone-shapedcreaturesfoundfloatinginthewater,theirlongtentaclestrailingbehind.Somejellyfishspecieshaveabadreputationforscaringawaytourists,cloggingupfishingnets,andevenblockingpowerstationpipes.Butwithmoreandmoreplasticrubbishendingupinthesea,thesedaysyou’reaslikelytoswimintoaplasticbagasajellyfish.Nowscientificresearchisdiscoveringthattheserubberyseacreaturesmightprovideananswer—astickysolutiontotheproblemofplasticpollution.Inrecentyears,tinypiecesofplasticcalledmicroplastichavebeenasignificantproblemfortheworld’sseasandoceans.Theseplasticsarenotvisibletotheeyeandaren’tcaughtbyseawatertreatmentplantsduetotheirsmallsize,sotheyenteroursystemandharmourhealth.They’vebeenfoundinmanyplaces—inArcticice,atthebottomoftheseaandeveninsideanimals.Slovenianscientist,DrAnaRotter,headsGoJelly,aEuropeanresearchteamofjellyfishecologistslookingintotheproblem.Microplasticsplasticsingeneral,arebecominganincreasingproblem.DrAnaRottersayswhenshewasachild,peopleweremoreenvironmentallyfriendly—notharmfultotheenvironmentorhavingtheleastpossibleimpactonit.Atthattime,therewereveryfewsingle-useplastics—plasticitems,likespoonsandforks,designedtobeusedjustonce,thenthrownaway.Thesituationsincethenhaschangeddramatically.Infact,there’sbeensuchanincreaseinmicroplasticsthattodaytheUNlistsplasticpollutionasoneoftheworld’stopenvironmental
threats.Buthowdojellyfishfitintothestory?Well,it’sthe‘jelly’partofjellyfish,andspecificallytheirsticky,jelly-likemucusthatiskey.Jellyfishproduceathick,stickyliquidcalledmucus.DrAnaRotterhasdiscoveredthatthismucushasstrongabsorptivecapabilities—itcanabsorb,takeinliquidsandothersubstances.Oneofthesubstancesjellyfishmucusabsorbsaretheparticlesthatmakeupmicroplastics.DrRotter’sresearchisstillintheearlystages,butit’shopedthatjellyfishmucuscouldholdthekeytoafuturefreeofmicroplasticpollutedoceans.Scientistsarehopingthatthemucus’sabsorptiveproperties—itsabilitiestoabsorbliquidsandothersubstancesandholdthem,willallowittotrapparticlesofplasticfloatinginthesea.Bytrappingthese,themucusactslikeamagnet—anobjectthatattractscertainmaterials,likemetal,butinthiscase,microplasticwaste.31.Paragraph3mainlytalksabout________.A.wheremicroplasticscanbefoundB.whymicroplasticscanharmourhealthC.whatproblemstheseasandoceansarefacingD.howtheresearchwascarriedoutbythescientist32.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?AJellyfishspeciescauseagreatthreattothesea.B.Jellyfishspeciesliketoswimandliveinplasticbags.C.Jellyfishmucuscanattractmetalsandbreakthemdown.D.Jellyfishmucuscanabsorbliquidsandsomeothersubstances.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“properties”inParagraph6mostprobablymean?A.Qualities.B.Substances.C.Choices.D.Materials.34.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toshowtheharmthatseaandoceanpollutionbringstohumanbeings.B.Tointroducethelivinghabitsoftheweirdandwonderfulcreaturesinthesea.C.Toprovideanewmethodforcollectingdataonenvironmentalthreatsinthesea.D.Toinformapromisingscientificfindingfordealingwithplasticpollutioninthesea.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Happinessisconsideredveryimportantinlife.Itissopowerfulthatitaffectsmanythingsinyourlife—yoursleep,relationships,health,studyandwork.____35____
Happinessdoesn’thappenspontaneously—itrequiresplanningtowardspursuingthingsthatmattertous.____36____It’snecessarytosetgoalstolookforwardtoandfollowanactionableplantoachievethemwhichcanboostyourself-confidenceandreducestressandanxiety.____37____Whenyouarefeelingnegativeaboutyourself,askyourselfwhatadviceyouwouldgiveafriendwhowasdownonhimselforherself.Nowtrytoapplythatadvicetoyourself.Keepingmovingisalsoagoodway.Whenpeoplegetupandmove,theytendtobehappierthanwhentheyarestill.Wedon’tknowifmovingmakesyouhappyorifhappypeoplejustmovemore,butwedoknowthatmoreactivitygoeshand-in-handwithbetterhealthandgreaterhappiness.____38____Sunlightmakesadifference.Spendtimeoutsideorliveinaspacewithnaturallight.Itissurelythatourhappinessislinkedwiththehappinessofothers.____39____Happinessisinfectious,sostaywithpeoplewhoarehappy,supportiveandgiveyoupositivefeedback.Happinessoftencomesfromwithin.Whenyouarehappy,anythingispossible.Happypeopledon’thavethebestofeverything;theymakethebestofwhattheyhave.A.Thefirstsecretistoenjoysimplethingsinlife.B.Sometimes,youneedtotreatyourselflikeafriend.C.Studiesalsosupportthatspendingtimeinnatureisgoodforyou.D.Youcanforgetaboutyourproblems,andturntoyourfriendsforhelp.E.Happinessisnotsomethingready-made,butcomesfromyourownactions.F.Goalsettingisimportant,sinceitformstheoutlineforthelifeyouenvision.G.Peoplewhoaresurroundedbyhappypeoplearemorelikelytobecomehappy.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。TheGrandCanalisavastwaterwaysysteminChina,runningfromBeijinginthenorthtoZhejiangprovinceinthesouth.Itstretchesfornearly3,200kilometersandpassesthrougheightofthecountry’sprovincesandmunicipalities.ListedasaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite,thecanalisthelongestandoldestartificialriverintheworld.IthasplayedanimportantroleinensuringChina’seconomicprosperityandstability,andisinusetodayasamajormeansoftransportation.TheBeijingsectionoftheGrandCanalis82kmlong.Alongit,culturalrelicsandsitesonbothbanksareimportantsymbolsofcultureandareconsideredatoppriorityforprotectionbythelocalgovernment.
Thecitygovernmenthasunveiledtwodevelopmentplans:thefirstisanimplementationplanfortheprotection,inheritanceandutilizationofthecanal’sculturalvalues;thesecondisaconstructionplanforbuildingaGrandCanal-themednationalculturalpark.Theplansetsupthreeimplementationmilestonesinthenextfiveyears.In2020,effortshavebeenmadetolayafirmfoundationfortheconstructionoftheGrandCanalNationalCulturalPark,withtheTongzhousectionofthecanalopentonavigationandamanagementmechanismoftheparkestablished.By2023,significantprogressisexpectedtobemadeincoordinatingtheprotectionandutilizationofculturalresourcesalongthecanal,withthenationalculturalparkbasicallysetup.By2025,theparkwillbecomeanewculturallandmarkinBeijing.TheGrandCanal,withitsculturalresourcesputunderprotectionandecologicalconservationalongitsbankssignificantlyimproved,willembraceimprovedculturalandtourismdevelopment.Citiesalongthecanalbythenwillwelcomefurthercoordinatedorintegrateddevelopment.TheBeijingsectionoftheGrandCanal,avaluedassetforthecapital,ismarkedoutasariverboastingrichculturalresources,ecologicalvalue,socialbenefitsandeconomicpotential.Thecapitalissettorolloutmoremeasurestobringoutthebestinthecanal.40.Accordingtothepassage,whatroleshastheGrandCanalplayed?________________41.WhatdoestheBeijinggovernmentconsideratoppriorityforprotectionalongtheGrandCanal?________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Withitsprotectedculturalresourcesandimprovedecologicalconservationalongitsbanks,theGrandCanalwillembraceimprovedculturalandindustrialdevelopment.________________43.TherearemanyUNESCOWorldHeritagesitesinChina.Whatcanwedotoprotectthem?(Inabout40words)________________第二节(20分)44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你获悉首都博物馆正在招募于暑假期间做英文讲解的志愿者，向外国游客介绍中国文化。请你用英文给相关负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：1.说明写信原因；2.介绍你的相关经验和优势；3.希望能被录用。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearSirorMadam,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua
