山东省烟台市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语 Word版含解析.docx

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2022—2023学年度高一第一学期期末学业水平诊断英语试卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherewillthespeakersprobablygonext?A.Toacoffeebar.B.Toaphotostudio.C.ToFifteenthStreet.2.Whatdidthespeakersdo?A.Theymadeaschedule.B.Theyhadaninterview.C.Theytalkedaboutadecision.3.WhatdoesthewomanaskPetertodo?A.Gotobed.B.Stoptostudy.C.Relaxhimself.4.Howdidthemanfeelaboutthemovie?A.Itwasjustso-so.B.Itwasenjoyable.C.Itwasdisappointing.5.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tomakeacomplaint.B.Tobookahotelroom.C.Toaskforinformation.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.Whatwastheweatherlikelastweek?A.Quitecold.B.Niceandsunny.C.Neithercoldnorhot.7.Whydoesthemanrefusethewoman’sinvitation?A.Heisn’tinterestedinpicnics.B.ItmightberainythisSaturday.C.It’llbetoohottogooutthisSaturday.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.HowoftendoesLouisseethewoman?A.Onceayear.B.Twiceamonth.C.Threetimesamonth.9.Whydoesthemantaketheflight?A.Tovisithisfamily.B.TocelebrateChristmas.C.Togoonabusinesstrip.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Havearegulardiet.B.Lookbeautiful.C.Keepfit.11.Whatdidthewoman’spersonaltraineradvisehertodo?A.Goonadiet.B.Tryrunning.C.Drinkvegetablejuice.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkofcleaneating?A.It’sharmfulinthelongterm.B.It’llhavelong-lastingeffects.C.It’sthehealthiestwaytoloseweight.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhendidAngelinafirstmeetherhusband?A.11yearsago.B.13yearsago.C.15yearsago.14.WhatlanguagedoesAngelinaspeaktoherhusband?A.OnlyEnglish.B.OnlyChinese.C.BothChineseandEnglish.15.What’sthehardestthingaboutaninternationalmarriageforAngelina?AThelanguagebarrier.B.Partingfromherfamily.C.Differentlifestyles.16.Wheredothecoupledecidetosettledown?A.China.B.Uncertain.C.NewZealand.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whereisthespeakernow? A.Attheairport.B.Atschool.C.Ontheplane.18.ForwhatpurposedoesthespeakergotoFrance?A.Tostudy.B.Tovisitherfriends.C.Tomeetherfamily.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutherparents?A.Theywereproudofher.B.Theyhaven’tseenherfor5days.C.Theygotusedtolivingwithouther.20.Howdoesthespeakersoundintheend?A.Worried.B.Determined.C.Excited.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AArtworkCompetition—CreateaCharacter!Areyouanartist?ThismaybetheperfectcompetitionheldbyTeenInktocheckyourcreativeabilities.Wewantyoutocreateyourowncharacter.Youmustcreateabackstoryforthecharacterandgiveitaname.Yourcharactermustbecompletelyoriginal.Rules:●Youmustbeateen(aged13—19)withaTeenInkaccount(账户)toenter.●Noimpropercontent.●Submissions(提交的材料)mustrelatetothetopic(CreateaCharacter).●Thecompetitionisopentoalltheindividuals.Charactermustbeyourown—Thecharacteryoucreatemustbeentirelyyourownideaanddesign.Thebackstoryandnamemustbeoriginalaswell.Ideasthatdonotbelongtoyouwillnotbeconsideredforthecompetition.GuidelinesandDetails:●Allarttypesareaccepted.●Thereisnolimittothenumberofpiecesyoucansubmit.●Giveyourcharacteranameandbackstory.Leavetheseinthe“Author’sComments”sectionofyoursubmission.HowtoSubmit:●Submitentriesthroughourwebsite.AllentriessubmittedtoTeenInkareautomatically(自动)consideredforthecompetition.Seeoursubmissionguidelinesformoreinformation.●Includethewords“CharacterCompetition”inyoursubmission’stitle. ●Submityourreviewstothe“Artwork”categoryonoursite.Selectthearttypeconnectedwithwhatyouaresubmitting.HandinyourentriesbeforeMarch1,2023.Prizes:WinnersandhonorablementionswillhavetheircharacterspublishedinTeenInkmagazine.Theoverallwinnerwillreceivea$25Amazongiftcard.1.Whatisthepurposeofholdingtheartworkcompetition?A.ToincreasethesalesofTeenInk.B.Totesttheteenagers’artisticcreativity.C.Toattractpeopleofallagestotheactivity.D.Topraisetheyoungartistsfortheirtalents2.Whatrulesshouldtheparticipantsfollow?A.Theworksshouldbeateameffort.B.Theparticipantsshouldbeunder13.C.Acommonaccountshouldbeshared.D.Thecontentshouldcorrespondtothesubject.3.Howwilltheparticipantssubmittheirworks?A.ByhandinginentriesbeforeApril10.B.Bysubmittingworksonthewebpage.C.Bypostingentriestothemagazinedirectly.D.Bysendinginworkstitled“CharacterCompetition”.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了一个艺术作品比赛的相关信息，如作品内容要求，如何提交等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“ThismaybetheperfectcompetitionheldbyTeenInktocheckyourcreativeabilities.(这可能是TeenInk举办的检测你创造力的完美比赛。)”可知，该比赛是为了检测创造力。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据rule“规则”部分第三点“Submissions(提交的材料)mustrelatetothetopic(CreateaCharacter).(提交的内容必须与主题（创建角色）相关。)”可知，提交内容必须与主题相关，选项D中的content意为“内容”，subject意为“主题”，表明的意思和文章一致。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据howtosubmit“如何提交”部分第一点第一句“Submitentriesthroughourwebsite.(通过我们的网站提交参赛作品。)”可知，这些参赛作品通过网站提交。故选B项。B Returninghomefromthegrocerystore(杂货店),25-year-oldPolicanofeltitnecessarytohelptheelderlyinherneighborhoodtopracticesafersocialdistancingduringtheCovid-19pandemic.HerfriendElkindjoinedher.TheydecidedtostartanorganizationcalledInvisibleHandsDeliver(IHD).Theyhadawebsiteupandrunning.Thesiteallowedtheelderlyandotherat-riskindividualstomakerequestsforgroceriesandmedicinestobedeliveredtothem.Thewebpagealsoincludedacallforvolunteers,whichacquiredmorethan2,000sign-ups.ThebeautyoftheIHDliesinitsabilitytomeettheneedsofthosewhoareathigherriskofbeingattackedbythepandemic.Whenarequestissubmitted,itisforwardedtoallvolunteerswithinthecommunity,sothatanyonewhoisavailablecancomeforwardtohelp.Thedeliveryitselfiscontactless.Despitethephysicaldistances,volunteersmakeanefforttoconnectwiththeirbeneficiaries,chattingwiththemfromtheothersideofthedoor.TheeffortsoftheIHDwouldnothavebeeneffectivewithoutthehelpofmodernscientifictechniquesandequipment.Fromthebeginning,socialmediamadeitpossibletospreadthewordandgathersupportwithinashorttime.DigitalinventionslikewebhostingserversandcloudplatformshavealsohelpedtheIHDtomeettheneedsoftheircommunity.FollowingitssuccessinNewYork,theorganizationhasspreaditsworktootherareasoftheUnitedStates.Theiractsofkindnesshavealsoinspiredsimilarnetworkstospringupintheworld.TheIHDisalsosupportedbyotherorganizations.“Armedwiththeseresources,wecangrowoureffortsandfurtherreducetheterribleimpactofCovid-19,”saidco-founderPolicano.Managedbyateamofcollegestudents,theIHDhasshownthatoneisnevertooyoungtomakeadifference.Inatimewhenthepandemichasforcedpeopleapart,youngpeopleareinamainpositiontotakeadvantageoftechnologyandbridgethegap,bringingcommunitiestogether.Elkindsaid,“We’reabletocometogetherwhentheworldfeelslikeit’spullingusapart.That’stheonlywaywepullthroughthis,bypullingtogether.”4.WhydidPolicanoandElkindcreatetheIHD?A.Tooffernecessaryhelptotheaged.B.Toraisemoneyforthelocalcharity.C.Tomaintainthesafetyofthecommunity.D.Toprovidepart-timejobsforyoungpeople.5.WhatisthekeyfactorinmakingtheIHDfruitful?A.Governmentsupport.B.High-qualityservice.C.Advancedtechnology.D.Specialmanagement.6.WhatisPolicano’sattitudetowardIHDaccordingtoparagraph5?A.Uncaring.B.Confident.C.Doubtful.D.Confused.7.Whatmessagecanwegetfromthelastparagraph? A.Face-to-facecommunicationmatters.B.Generationgapamongpeopleisunsolvable.C.Thepandemicisaseriousdangertohumans.D.Theyoungplayagreatroleinrebuildingsocialties.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了两个年轻人在新冠病毒流行期间，利用科技手段，建立了一个线上组织，帮助社区的老年人解决日用品和药品的需求，建立安全的社交距离，取得了很大的成效，并将这种模式传播到了其他地区，起了很大作用。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Returninghomefromthegrocerystore(杂货店),25-year-oldPolicanofeltitnecessarytohelptheelderlyinherneighborhoodtopracticesafersocialdistancingduringtheCovid-19pandemic.”（25岁的Policano从杂货店回家后，觉得有必要帮助她家附近的老人在Covid-19大流行期间保持更安全的社交距离。）可知，IHD的建立是为了为老年人提供必要的帮助。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“TheeffortsoftheIHDwouldnothavebeeneffectivewithoutthehelpofmodernscientifictechniquesandequipment.”（如果没有现代科学技术和设备的帮助，IHD的努力就不会有效。）可知，使IHD有成效的关键是先进的科学技术。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段Policano说的话“Armedwiththeseresources,wecangrowoureffortsandfurtherreducetheterribleimpactofCovid-19,”（有了这些资源，我们就可以加大努力，进一步减少Covid-19的可怕影响）可知，Policano认为IHD拥有这些资源，完全可以减少Covid-19带来的可怕影响，他对此是非常有信心的。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Managedbyateamofcollegestudents,theIHDhasshownthatoneisnevertooyoungtomakeadifference.”（IHD由一群大学生管理，它已经表明，一个人永远不会因为太年轻而不能有所作为。）和“Inatimewhenthepandemichasforcedpeopleapart,youngpeopleareinamainpositiontotakeadvantageoftechnologyandbridgethegap,bringingcommunitiestogether.”（在疫情迫使人们分离的时候，年轻人处于利用技术、弥合差距、将社区团结在一起的主要地位。）可知，年轻人在重建社会关系方面发挥着重要作用。故选D。C Scientistshavediscoveredtheworld’slargestknownfieldofseagrass.Theydiditusingvideosshotbysomeseaanimals.Theworkshouldhelpprotecttheseagrass,andalsoshowsoffacreativewaytoexploretheocean.Seagrassesarefloweringplantsthatnormallygrowinshallowwatersnearcoasts.Theygrowinthickfields,knownasmeadows.Seagrassmeadowshelpcleantheoceanwater,andprovidefoodandhomeformanyseacreatures.Importantly,seagrassmeadowsalsohelpinthefightagainsttheclimateproblems.That’sbecausetheystoreagreatdealofcarbon—theharmfulpollutionthat’smakingglobalwarmingworse.Damaging(破坏)theseseagrassmeadowscanreleasethispollutionagain,soit’simportanttoprotectthem.However,theoceanistoohugeforhumanstostudyallbydiving(潜水).Ateamofscientistsdecidedtohavetigersharkshelpwiththeresearchbecausetigersharksliveunderwater,swimfastandspendalotoftimeinseagrassmeadows.Theresearchersattachedcamerasandothertrackerstoseventigersharks.Aftercatchingthesharks,thescientistsworkedquicklytoattachtheequipment,thenletthemgoagain.Thecamerasweredesignedtofalloffafterafewhoursandfloat(漂浮)tothesurface.Trackingsignalshelpedthescientistsfindthefloatingcamerasandcollectthevideosthesharkshadtakenovertheseafloor.Puttingallthedatatogether,thescientistslearnedthatthewatersaroundtheBahamasarehometothelargestseagrassmeadoweverdiscovered.Theprojectisimportantforseveralreasons.Sinceseagrassissovaluableinfightingglobalwarming,it’simportanttoknowwhereitis.OliverShipley,aleadingscientist,says,“Ifwedon’tknowwhereitis,wecan’tprotectit.”Theprogramalsoshowshowusefullargeseaanimalscanbeinhelpingtolearnmoreaboutlifeunderthesea.Shipleysaysanimalsliketigersharks“…aregoingtotakeustonewplacesthatwedidn’tknow.”8.Whathelpedthescientistsdiscoverthelargesteverfieldofseagrass?A.Shipsworkingunderwater.B.Videostakenbytigersharks.C.Imagesshotfrompassingplanes.D.Explorationofprofessionaldivers.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“release”inparagraph2mean?A.Letout.B.Cutdown.C.Clearaway.D.Windup.10.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Thewaysoffollowinglargeseaanimals.B.Thestepsoffixingcamerastothetigersharks.C.Theuniquefunctionsofthesignal-trackingequipment.D.Theprocessoffindingtheworld’slargestknownseagrassmeadow.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph? A.Seagrassisofhighvalueinresearchandbusiness.B.Humanshavebenefitedfrompollution-freeoceans.C.Scientistshavesolvedtheclimateproblemseffectively.D.Oceananimalscanhelpuncovermoresecretsofnature.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了虎鲨拍摄的视频帮助科学家们发现了有史以来最大的海草地，文章解释了海草地的作用以及重要性。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Puttingallthedatatogether,thescientistslearnedthatthewatersaroundtheBahamasarehometothelargestseagrassmeadoweverdiscovered.(把所有的数据放在一起，科学家们了解到巴哈马群岛周围的水域是迄今为止发现的最大的海草草地的所在地)”可知，虎鲨拍摄的视频帮助科学家们发现了有史以来最大的海草地。故选B。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Importantly,seagrassmeadowsalsohelpinthefightagainsttheclimateproblems.That’sbecausetheystoreagreatdealofcarbon—theharmfulpollutionthat’smakingglobalwarmingworse.(重要的是，海草草场也有助于对抗气候问题。这是因为它们储存了大量的碳——这种有害的污染正在加剧全球变暖)”以及划线词后文“thispollutionagain,soit’simportanttoprotectthem”可知，破坏这些海草草场会再次释放这种污染，所以保护它们很重要。故划线词意思是“释放”。故选A。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Theresearchersattachedcamerasandothertrackerstoseventigersharks.Aftercatchingthesharks,thescientistsworkedquicklytoattachtheequipment,thenletthemgoagain.Thecamerasweredesignedtofalloffafterafewhoursandfloat(漂浮)tothesurface.Trackingsignalshelpedthescientistsfindthefloatingcamerasandcollectthevideosthesharkshadtakenovertheseafloor.Puttingallthedatatogether,thescientistslearnedthatthewatersaroundtheBahamasarehometothelargestseagrassmeadoweverdiscovered.(研究人员在七只虎鲨身上安装了摄像头和其他追踪器。捕捉到鲨鱼后，科学家们迅速安装了设备，然后又放了它们。这些相机被设计成在几个小时后脱落，漂浮到水面上。跟踪信号帮助科学家找到了漂浮的摄像机，并收集了鲨鱼占领海底的视频。把所有的数据放在一起，科学家们了解到巴哈马群岛周围的水域是迄今为止发现的最大的海草草地的所在地)”可知，第4段主要讲了寻找世界上已知的最大的海草草场的过程。故选D。【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theprogramalsoshowshowusefullargeseaanimalscanbeinhelpingtolearnmoreaboutlifeunderthesea.Shipleysaysanimalsliketigersharks“…aregoingtotakeustonewplacesthatwedidn’tknow.”(该节目还展示了大型海洋动物在帮助更多地了解海底生物方面是多么有用。希普利说，像虎鲨这样的动物“将把我们带到我们不知道的新地方。”)”可知，海洋动物可以帮助我们揭开更多的自然秘密。故选D。DChangingthewordingaboutexpirationdates(保质期)onfooditemsofeasilygoingbad—whichiscurrentlyunregulated(缺乏监管)andwidelyvariable—couldhelpreducefoodwaste,accordingtoanewCornellUniversitystudy.Thisworkresultsfromthe“wildwest”landscapeoffooddatelabelswhichisexpectedtobedriven,toalargeextent,bymanufacturers’(制造商)strongwishtosellmoreproducts.Itisimportantforboththegovernment’sdecisionsregardingdatelabelsandthemarketimpactsofreducingfoodwaste.Asurveyofconsumersfoundthatcertainwording—“bestby,”asopposedto“bestifusedby,”forexample—hadthepossibilitytoreducefoodwaste,butthatresultdiffereddependingonthetypeoffoodinquestion.Theeasierfoodistogobad,themorelikelyitistobethrownaway.“TherearenopracticalrulesaboutfooddatelabelsintheU.S.IfyougointotheyogurtsectionataU.S.grocerystore,youwouldseevariousdatelabels—‘useby’,‘bestby’,‘bestifusedby’,‘freshby’,or‘sellby’,etc.Someconsumersmightsmellthefoodtoseeifitisstillgood,whileothersmightjustlookatthedatelabelanddropit,”saidRickard,leaderofthestudyteam.“Andthetruthisthatthesedatelabelsarenotfoodsafetydates;they’rejustfoodqualitydates.”The15fooditemsselectedforthesurvey,includingbread,cookies,chicken,packagedsaladgreensandcannedsoup,alltypicallyusedatelabelswithdifferentwordingvariations.Surveyresultsshowedanincreaseinthrowingintentionswiththe“useby”andthe“sellby”datelabel,inferringthatfoodwiththesedatelabelswasmoreoftenthrownandreplaced.Sotheythinkthattheword“use”spokemoredirectlytothefoodsafetyimpactofconsumingfoodpastthedatelistedonthepackage,andcouldthereforeleadtoanincreaseinfoodwaste.However,thewording“bestby”seemedtoreferonlytofoodqualitybeyondacertaindateandledtolesswaste.12.WhatisprobablythemainreasonforsomanydatelabelsintheU.S.?A.Thegovernmentwantstomonitorthemarket.B.Theproducersintendtoincreasethefoodsales.C.Thesellerstendtomeettheneedsofconsumers.D.Themanufacturershopetoensurethefoodquality. 13.Whichwordingonthedatelabelsmayhelpreducefoodwaste?A.“Bestby”.B.“Sellby”.C.“Useby”.D.“Bestifusedby”.14.Whyistheyogurtsectionatagrocerystorementioned?A.Tosolveaproblem.B.Togiveawarning.C.Tooffersomeadvice.D.Toproveafact.15.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SimilarDateLabelsMisleadShoppersB.WordsMatterinFoodSafetyMessagingC.TheCorrectViewofConsumptionIsImportantD.TheU.S.IsTakingMeasurestoReduceFoodWaste【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了美国食品保质期措辞用语对食品浪费等的影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Thisworkresultsfromthe“wildwest”landscapeoffooddatelabelswhichisexpectedtobedriven,toalargeextent,bymanufacturers’(制造商)strongwishtosellmoreproducts.(这项工作源于食品日期标签的“狂野西部”景观，预计这在很大程度上是由制造商销售更多产品的强烈愿望推动的。)”可知，这种给食物贴各种标签的做法很大程度是制造商为了销售更多东西。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Asurveyofconsumersfoundthatcertainwording—“bestby,”asopposedto“bestifusedby,”forexample—hadthepossibilitytoreducefoodwaste,butthatresultdiffereddependingonthetypeoffoodinquestion.(一项针对消费者的调查发现，某些措辞——例如“最好的”，而不是“最好的，如果使用的话”——有可能减少食物浪费，但结果因所涉及的食物类型而异。)”可知，标上“最好的”这一标签可能会减少食物浪费。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“TherearenopracticalrulesaboutfooddatelabelsintheU.S.(美国没有关于食品日期标签的实际规定。)”可知，本段主要呈现这一事实，因此提出酸奶区是为了印证这一事实。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Changingthewordingaboutexpirationdates(保质期)onfooditemsofeasilygoingbad—whichiscurrentlyunregulated(缺乏监管)andwidelyvariable—couldhelpreducefoodwaste,according toanewCornellUniversitystudy.(康奈尔大学的一项新研究表明，改变目前不受监管且变化很大的易变质食品的保质期措辞，可能有助于减少食品浪费。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是食品保质期措辞对于食品浪费的影响，即B项“食品保质期的措辞选择是重要的”适合做文章标题。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyoumissoneoftheoldfriendsyou’velosttouchwithandthinkaboutreachingouttothem,youmayworryaboutwhetherit’llbejustlikeoldtimes,oruncomfortableandawkward.Herearesomewaystohelpyouavoidanyawkwardnesswhilereconnectingwithanoldfriend.Reachoutthroughsocialmedia.Connectwiththemthroughsocialmedia,textmessageorothermeansifyou’retoonervoustomakeaphonecallortobeginameetup.Followupononeoftheirmostrecentposts.____16____Showsomelove.Ifyou’rereallyhappytoconnectwithyouroldfriend,makeitapointtocommunicatethattothem.____17____Sincerewarmthcanhelplessensomeoftheawkwardnessthatmaybuildupinarelationship.____18____Startconversationbybringingupafuntimeyoushared.Itwilltransportyoubothbacktothatmomentwhenyouwerecloseandhelpsmoothoverthe“Whatareyouuptonow?”conversationsthatsoundtoorigid(死板).Displayyourinterest.Asyouchatwithyourfriend,trytopayattentionandaskfollow-upquestions.____19____Empathizing(共鸣)withthemcanhelpyouconnectwiththemandgettoknowwhotheyaretoday.Movepastconflicts.Don’ttalkalotaboutyourconflictsorthereasonswhyyourfriendshipbecamelessclose.Ifithappenstocomeupnaturallydowntheline,thenfeelfreetoaddressanypossiblehurtfeelings.____20____Inthebeginning,justfocusonwhatyouhadincommonandthegoodtimesyousharedtogether.ABringbackahappymemory.B.Makedetailedplansforthefuture.C.Butbetteravoidtakingtherisktoosoon.D.Updateyourfriendoneverythinggoingoninyourlife.E.Thisshowsyou’reinterestedinwhatthey’resharingwithyou.F.Bewarmwiththemandletthemknowhowmuchitmeanstoyou.G.Thenstartingconversationaboutwhatthey’reuptowillbeanaturalthing.【答案】16.G17.F18.A19.E20.C 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了可以帮助你在与老朋友重新联系时避免尴尬的一些方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Reachoutthroughsocialmedia.Connectwiththemthroughsocialmedia,textmessageorothermeansifyou’retoonervoustomakeaphonecallortobeginameetup.Followupononeoftheirmostrecentposts.(通过社交媒体联系。如果你太紧张而不敢打电话或开始见面，可以通过社交媒体、短信或其他方式与他们联系。跟进他们最近的一个帖子)”可知，本句承接上文说明跟进帖子之后的做法：开始谈论他们在做什么将是一件很自然的事情。故G选项“然后开始谈论他们在做什么将是一件很自然的事情”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Showsomelove.Ifyou’rereallyhappytoconnectwithyouroldfriend,makeitapointtocommunicatethattothem.(表达一些爱。如果你真的很高兴和你的老朋友联系，那就把这一点告诉他们)”以及后文“Sincerewarmthcanhelplessensomeoftheawkwardnessthatmaybuildupinarelationship.(真诚的温暖可以帮助减少一些可能在关系中建立起来的尴尬)”可知，后文提到了真诚的温柔，说明要温柔对待老朋友。故F选项“温暖地对待他们，让他们知道这对你有多重要”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据后文“Startconversationbybringingupafuntimeyoushared.Itwilltransportyoubothbacktothatmomentwhenyouwerecloseandhelpsmoothoverthe“Whatareyouuptonow?”conversationsthatsoundtoorigid(死板).(用你们一起度过的一段有趣的时光来开始谈话。它会把你们两个都带回到你们亲密的那一刻，并帮助平息“你现在在做什么？”听起来太死板的对话)”可知，后文提到了带回到亲密的那一刻，说明要用对话回忆美好的记忆，故A选项“唤起快乐的回忆”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“Displayyourinterest.Asyouchatwithyourfriend,trytopayattentionandaskfollow-upquestions.(表现出你的兴趣。当你和你的朋友聊天时，试着集中注意力并问一些后续问题)”可知，本句继续说明这些问题的作用：表明你对他们和你分享的东西很感兴趣。故E选项“这表明你对他们和你分享的东西很感兴趣”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】根据上文“Movepastconflicts.Don’ttalkalotaboutyourconflictsorthereasonswhyyourfriendshipbecamelessclose.Ifithappenstocomeupnaturallydowntheline,thenfeelfreetoaddressanypossiblehurtfeelings.(放下过去的冲突。不要过多地谈论你们之间的矛盾或你们的友谊变得不那么亲密的原因。如果这是自然而然地发生的，那么就随意地说出任何可能的伤害感)”以及后文“Inthebeginning,justfocusonwhatyou hadincommonandthegoodtimesyousharedtogether.(刚开始的时候，只关注你们的共同点和你们一起度过的美好时光)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出避免太早说出别人对自己的伤害。故C选项“但最好避免过早冒险”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MichaelCramerisreallyamiracle(奇迹).Somanytimeshecameclosetodying,buthehasmanagedto____21____.Thisyoungmanisencouragingsomanypeoplewithhisreal-lifeovercomerstory.Inthebeginning,healwaysfelttired.He____22____itwasbecausehehadCovid-19.Butafterseeingthedoctor,helearnedhehadgotacancer(癌症)thatwouldkillhim.MichaelandhismotherAshleecouldn’t____23____thedeathsentence.Hechosetofightforhislifeandunderwentthe____24____journeyofchemo(化疗).“Thechemowashorrible.Ifeltso____25____.Itwasalong,slowjourneyofhospitaltripsandsomany____26____,”saidMichael.However,He____27____wenttowarwithhisbodyinhopesofliving.Itwasnoeasythingashisbodyhadshutdowninmanyextremelypainfulways.“Iwantedto____28____somanytimesbutIneverdid,andthatkeptme____29____,”hesaid.Ashlee’sheartbrokeasshesawwhathersonwas____30____.“Ourlifewascompletelyupset,butwedecidedtojust____31____eachday,”shesaid.ThepostertheyhungonthewallinMichael’shospitalroom____32____themgreatly,whichsaid,“It’snotwhathappenstoyou,buthowyou____33____thatmatters.”Michaelisnow____34____daybyday.Heshareshisexperiencesonlinetogive____35____tootherswhoarewalkingthroughthedarkvalleyoflife.21.A.moveB.returnC.succeedD.survive22.A.assumedB.discoveredC.provedD.complained23.A.judgeB.acceptC.understandD.identify24.A.smoothB.hopelessC.hardD.awkward25.A.pitifulB.silentC.lowD.crazy26.A.challengesB.expectationsC.opportunitiesD.memories27.A.anxiouslyB.hurriedlyC.determinedlyD.unwillingly28.A.giveupB.carryonC.smileawayD.staybehind29.A.aloneB.aliveC.absentD.ashamed 30.A.encounteringB.controllingC.feelingD.suffering31.A.countB.spendC.treasureD.consider32.A.impressedB.inspiredC.touchedD.excited33.A.reactB.guessC.imagineD.explain34.A.waitingB.tryingC.observingD.recovering35.A.attentionB.pleasureC.trustD.hope【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.C26.A27.C28.A29.B30.D31.C32.B33.A34.D35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了迈克尔·克莱默曾多次濒临死亡，但他都成功地活了下来。这个年轻人用他真实的战胜故事激励了很多人。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他曾多次濒临死亡，但他都成功地活了下来。A.move移动；B.return返回；C.succeed成功；D.survive生存。根据上文“Somanytimeshecameclosetodying,buthehasmanagedto”中but表示转折，说明他曾多次濒临死亡，但他都成功地活了下来。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他认为这是因为他感染了Covid-19。A.assumed认为；B.discovered发现；C.proved证明；D.complained投诉。根据后文“Butafterseeingthedoctor,helearnedhehadgotacancerthatwouldkillhim.(但在看完医生后，他得知自己得了一种会要了他命的癌症)”可知，他一开始认为自己得了新冠，故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：迈克尔和他的母亲阿什莉无法接受死刑判决。A.judge判断；B.accept接受；C.understand理解；D.identify识别。根据后文“Hechosetofightforhislife”可知，迈克尔和他的母亲阿什莉无法接受死刑判决。故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他选择了为生命而战，经历了艰难的化疗之旅。A.smooth顺利的；B.hopeless绝望的；C.hard努力的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据后文“journeyofchemo”可知，化疗的旅程是艰难的。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感觉很低落。A.pitiful可怜的；B.silent沉默的；C.low低的；D.crazy疯狂的。根据上文“Thechemowashorrible.(化疗太可怕了) ”可知，迈克尔经历了可怕的化疗，所以情绪低落。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一段漫长而缓慢的医院之旅，充满了挑战。A.challenges挑战；B.expectations期待；C.opportunities机会；D.memories记忆。根据上文“Itwasalong,slowjourneyofhospitaltrips”以及他经历了化疗，可知这是一段漫长而缓慢的医院之旅，充满了挑战。故选A。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，为了活下去，他毅然决然地与自己的身体作战。A.anxiously焦虑地；B.hurriedly匆忙地；C.determinedly决然地；D.unwillingly不情愿地。根据后文“wenttowarwithhisbodyinhopesofliving”以及however表示转折，可知，为了活下去，他毅然决然地与自己的身体作战。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他说：“很多次我都想放弃，但我从来没有放弃，这让我活了下来。”A.giveup放弃；B.carryon继续；C.smileaway一笑置之；D.staybehind留下来。根据上文“Itwasnoeasythingashisbodyhadshutdowninmanyextremelypainfulways.(这不是一件容易的事，因为他的身体已经以许多极其痛苦的方式关闭了)”可知，疾病带来了很多痛苦，让迈克尔多次想要放弃，but表示转折，最后他没有放弃。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“很多次我都想放弃，但我从来没有放弃，这让我活了下来。”A.alone独自的；B.alive活着的；C.absent缺席的；D.ashamed羞愧的。根据后文“Heshareshisexperiencesonline”可知，迈克尔顽强活到现在。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾希莉看到儿子所遭受的痛苦，心都碎了。A.encountering遇到；B.controlling控制；C.feeling感觉；D.suffering遭受。呼应上文“Itwasnoeasythingashisbodyhadshutdowninmanyextremelypainfulways.”指迈克尔因为疾病遭受痛苦。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们的生活完全被打乱了，但我们决定好好珍惜每一天，”她说。A.count计算；B.spend花费；C.treasure珍惜；D.consider考虑。根据上文“Ourlifewascompletelyupset,butwedecidedtojust”中but表示转折，可知他们的生活完全被打乱了，但还是决定好好珍惜每一天，故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们挂在迈克尔病房墙上的海报给了他们很大的启发，上面写着：“重要的不是你遭遇了什么，而是你的反应。”A.impressed印象深刻的；B.inspired受鼓舞的；C.touched 感动的；D.excited激动的。根据后文可知，海报上写着“重要的不是你遭遇了什么，而是你的反应”，即激励的话语。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们挂在迈克尔病房墙上的海报给了他们很大的启发，上面写着：“重要的不是你遭遇了什么，而是你的反应。”A.react反应；B.guess猜测；C.imagine想象；D.explain解释。根据上文“It’snotwhathappenstoyou,buthowyou”可知，重要的不是你遭遇了什么，而是你的反应，即强调心态的重要性。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：迈克尔现在正在一天天康复。A.waiting等待；B.trying尝试；C.observing观察；D.recovering恢复。根据后文“Heshareshisexperiencesonline”可知，迈克尔现在正在一天天康复，可以分享生活了。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在网上分享了自己经历，希望给那些正在经历生命黑暗低谷的人带来希望。A.attention注意力；B.pleasure快乐；C.trust信任；D.hope希望。根据后文“tootherswhoarewalkingthroughthedarkvalleyoflife”可知，他在网上分享了自己的经历，希望给那些正在经历生命黑暗低谷的人带来希望。也呼应第一段“Thisyoungmanisencouragingsomanypeoplewithhisreal-lifeovercomerstory.(这个年轻人用他真实的战胜故事激励了很多人)”故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。____36____(build)about2,600yearsagotostopenemiesandfloods,theQiWall,theoldestexistingGreatWallinChina,runsacrossShandongProvincefor641kilometers.Inthe1970s,partsoftheearthwall____37____(dig)outandusedbyfarmersfortheirland.Sincetheearly1990sthegovernmenthastakenmeasurestoprotectit.Inrecentyears,rapiddevelopmentand____38____(construct)havebroughtmanynewchallengestotheprotectionoftheQiWall.Tofixtheproblems,ShandongProvincehaspassedanewrule,____39____callsforregionalcooperationintheprotectionwork.A____40____(power)systemhasbeensetup,usinginformationplatformsandotherhi-techmeans____41____(monitor)theQiWallanditssurroundingenvironment.SofarShandong____42____(increase)860patrol(巡逻)postsinsevencitiesalongtheQiWall,mainlyemployingfarmerslivingnearby.GuoJialian,oneofthepatrolmen,spendsaroundtwohourseverydaywalkingalongasectionoftheQiWallandexaminingit____43____(close).“Ineedtocheck____44____thereisanydamagetothewallthatiscausedbypeoplediggingearthfromit.Weallknowthewallisaculturalrelic(遗迹 )thatiswellworth_____45_____(protect),"saysGuo,addingthatheoftenseestouristscomingtovisittheancientstructure.【答案】36.Built37.weredug38.construction39.which40.powerful41.tomonitor42.hasincreased43.closely44.whether##if45.protecting【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。长城始建于2600年前，是为了抵御敌人和洪水，是中国现存最古老的长城，横跨山东省，全长641公里。20世纪70年代，部分土墙被挖出来供农民耕种。自20世纪90年代初以来，政府已采取措施保护它。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：长城始建于2600年前，是为了抵御敌人和洪水，是中国现存最古老的长城，横跨山东省，全长641公里。分析句子结构可知可知build与逻辑主语构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Built。【37题详解】考查时态语态。句意：20世纪70年代，部分土墙被挖出来供农民耕种。自20世纪90年代初以来，政府已采取措施保护它。主语partsoftheearthwall与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Inthe1970s可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填weredug。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：近年来，飞速的发展和建设给长城的保护带来了许多新的挑战。作句子的主语应用名词construction，不可数。故填construction。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：为了解决这些问题，山东省通过了一项新规定，要求在保护工作中进行区域合作。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词rule，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：建立了一个强大的系统，利用信息平台和其他高科技手段来监测祁墙及其周围环境。修饰名词system应用形容词powerful，作定语。故填powerful。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：建立了一个强大的系统，利用信息平台和其他高科技手段来监测祁墙及其周围环境。此处monitor在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填tomonitor。【42题详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，山东已经在长城沿线的七个城市增加了860个巡逻哨所，主要雇佣了居住在长城附近的农民。根据sofar可知为现在完成时，主语为Shandong，助动词用has。故填hasincreased。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：巡警郭嘉莲每天花大约两个小时沿着一段长城近距离观察。修饰动词examining，应用副词closely，故填closely。【44题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我需要检查一下墙是否有因挖土而造成的损坏。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether/if。故填whether/if。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都知道长城是文物，非常值得保护。短语bewellworthdoingsth.表示“值得做某事”。故填protecting。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分20分)46.假定你是李华，你校最近开设了京剧社团，你担任团长。社团正在招收成员，你校留学生Eric喜爱京剧，请给他写一封电子邮件，邀请他加入社团。内容包括：1.写信的目的；2.社团活动简介；3.报名方式及截止日期。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考词汇：招收：recruitDearEric, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearEric,I’mLiHua,headofourschool’snewly-foundedPekingOperaClub.Wearerecruitingmembers.KnowingthatyouarefondofPekingOpera,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutojoinit.Asclubmembers,notonlywillwebeabletolearnbasicmovementsandtechniquesofPekingOperafromprofessionalperformers,butwecanalsoplayrolesinsomeshows.What’smore,wecanshareandexchangeourfeelingaboutperformanceswitheachother.Alltheactivitieswillbeheldatweekends.Ifyouareinterested,pleasesignuponourschoolwebsitebeforeJanuary31.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生Eric写一封电子邮件，邀请他加入京剧社团。【详解】1.词汇积累喜欢：befondof→enjoy基本的：basic→foundamental此外：what’smore→besides举行：beheld→takeplace2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：What’smore,wecanshareandexchangeourfeelingaboutperformanceswitheachother.拓展句：What’smore,wecanshareandexchangehowwefeelaboutperformanceswitheachother.【点睛】【高分句型1】KnowingthatyouarefondofPekingOpera,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutojoinit.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Ifyouareinterested,pleasesignuponourschoolwebsitebeforeJanuary31.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）第二节(满分20分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 MiaandMaxwhowereraisedalonebytheirmotherJennifer,wereangels(天使),orsotheirneighborscalledthem.SinceJennifercouldn’taffordananny(保姆),herneighborsalwaysgladlysteppedintocareforthebrotherandsisterinherabsence.MiaandMaxwereabsolutesweethearts.Theywouldhelptheneighborsinthegarden,walktheirdogs,andcarrygroceriesfromtheircarstotheirhomes.“Momsaysweshouldalwayshelpothersinneed!”Miawouldsay,andMaxwouldagreewithherwithabroadsmile.“Becausealittlehelpgoesalongway!”hewouldadd.Thetwolovelychildrenwarmedtheentireneighborhoodwiththeirsweetsmilesandkindhearts.EverythingwasallrightuntilonedayMaxfelldownontheplaygroundandwasrushedtohospital.Sadly,itturnedouthewasverysickandneededsomespecificmedicinestokeephimgoing.“That’sgoingtocostalotofmoney!”Jennifersighed.Butshedidn’ttellanyonethatshewasintrouble.ShebegansettingasidemoneyeachmonthforMax’streatment.Obviously,withherpoorpayasawaitressinabar,shecouldn’tsaveenough.Shebegancuttingdownonmoneyforgasandevenfood.Shewouldwalkmileseverydaytoandfromworkandgotothegrocerystoresaslessoftenaspossible.Onenight,Jennifercamehomeandopenedthefridge,onlytofindtheyhadjustonecanoftomatosoupleft.“I’matotalfailureasamother,”shecried,blaming(责备)herself.“Ican’tevenfeedmychildren!”FinallyJenniferaddedextrawatertothesoupandservedittoherchildren,whoenjoyedtheirdinnerashappilyasusual.Assoonasherchildrenleftthetable,Jenniferburstintotearsagain,littleknowingapleasantsurprisewaswavingatherandherkids.注意：1.续写词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。WhenJennifercheckedhermailboxthenextday,shefoundanenvelope._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文 WhenJennifercheckedhermailboxthenextday,shefoundanenvelope.Shetoreitopenandfelthottearsrollingdownhercheeks.Insidetheenvelopewas$2,000andanotefromherneighbors.Thenotesaid,“SorrytolearnaboutMax’sillness.Yourchildrenhavebeenapreciousgifttous.Theyhavehelpedeveryoneofus,soweoughttodosomethinginreturn.PleasekeepthismoneyandgetthemedicinesMaxrequires.”Jennifercriedandhuggedherchildrenassherushedintothehouse.“Kids,thankyouforbeingsuchnicechildren,”shesobbed,feelingreallyproudofherdarlingchildrenanddeeplygratefultohercaringneighbors.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了米娅和马克斯由他们的母亲珍妮弗独自抚养长大，两个孩子都非常善良，乐意帮助邻居，而邻居们也对他们照顾有加。有一天马克斯摔倒在操场上，被紧急送往医院，不幸的是，原来他病得很重，需要一些特殊的药物来维持他的生命。这时，邻居提供了帮助。【详解】1.段落续写：由首句内容“第二天，詹妮弗查看邮箱时，发现了一个信封”可知下文可描写詹妮弗发现信封里是邻居送来的钱，十分感动，也很感激自己有这么好的孩子。2.续写线索：发现信封——发现信封里的钱——感动——感谢孩子和邻居3.词汇激活行为类①冲进：rushinto/dashinto②帮助：help/dosb.afavor③拥抱：hug/embrace情绪类①感谢的：grateful/thankful②对……感到骄傲：beproudof/takepridein【点睛】[高分句型1]PleasekeepthismoneyandgetthemedicinesMaxrequires.(运用了肯定祈使句)[高分句型2]“Kids,thankyouforbeingsuchnicechildren,”shesobbed,feelingreallyproudofherdarlingchildrenanddeeplygratefultohercaringneighbors.(运用了现在分词作状语)听力答案：1—5ABBCA6—10ABAAC11—15BCCCB16—20BCAAB