山东省日照市2022-2023学年高三上学期校际期中联考英语 Word版含解析.docx

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2020级高三校际联合考试英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出．最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherewillthewomandoherresearch?A.Inagarden.B.Inahospital.C.Inanapartment.2.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Afootballplayer.B.Astadium.C.Agame.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthetelevisionprogram?A.Itisexciting.B.Itisviolent.C.Itisboring.4.Whereisthemangoing?A.Toschool.B.Toarestaurant.C.Toaclothingshop.5.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Exploringavirtualworld.B.Visitingabeautifulhouse.C.Swimminginapool.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdidthemancommunicatewithfriendswhenhewasyoung?A.Bytalking.B.Byphonecalls.C.Bytextmessage.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Artistandfan.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Grandfatherandgranddaughter.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whowonthechessmatch?A.Susan.B.George.C.Mike.9.WhatdoweknowaboutTom?A.Hefinishedfifth.B.Hewasillduringthematch.C.Hebeat12otherplayersbefore.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inaradiostation.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inatheater.11.Wheredidthemangoforatrip?A.ToChina.B.ToAmerica.C.ToItaly.12.Whodidthemanmeet?A.TomHanks.B.TomCruise.C.JackieChan.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whyisthewomanfindingithardtohelp?A.Shedoesnotunderstandtheman.B.Shecannotfindtheman’sname.C.Herphonesignalisbad.14.Whatistheman’sproblem?A.Hiselectricityhasbeencutoff.B.Hiscomputerisn’tworking.C.Hisbilliswrong. 15Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelatlast?A.Angry.B.Excited.C.Embarrassed.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Waitonthephone.B.Callanothercompany.C.Fixthecomputer.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Theenvironment.B.Auniversity.C.Atouristattraction.18.Whichmajordoesthespeakerrecommend?A.Environmentalscience.B.History.C.English.19.Howlongdoesittaketodrivetothenearestairportfromtheplace?A.Anhourandahalf.B.Anhour.C.Halfanhour.20.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Tourists.B.Teachers.C.Students.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOnthewestbankoftheGrandCanalinTongxiang,JiaxingCity,standsa1,300-year-oldancienttownofWuzhen.Localpeople’swayoflifecentersaroundrichwaterresources.Traditionalbuildingsinwhiteandgreyarewellpreservedafterhundredsofyears.Overtheyears,Wuzhenhasbeentransformedfromaresidentialareatoapopulartouristdestination.TodayitshowsfascinatingChinaviaitsgorgeouswatertownscenery,growingsoftpowerandinternationalinfluence.Traveltips:Food:FoodinWuzhenisadelighttoenjoy.Wuzhenishometoabundantfish,sopickledTaihuLakewhitewaterfishisagoodstart.Themeatisdelicate,smooth,andtender,butmindthefishbones.Transportation:Wuzhenis1.5-hourdrivefromHangzhouand2-hourdrivefromShanghai.TheShanghai-WuzhenHighwayiswellservicedandtherearespecialbuslinesavailable.ItwouldbeagoodoptiontoincludeajourneyofadayortwotoWuzhennexttimeyouvisitShanghaiorHangzhou.Climate:Typicalsubtropicalmonsoonclimatewithgreatsunshineandrichrainfall. Admissionfee:150yuan($21)fortheWestScenicZoneand110yuan($15.5)fortheEastScenicZone.Youmayonlypay190yuan($26.7)forbothzones.Openinghours:TheWestScenicZoneopensfrom9:00a.m.to22:00p.m.TheEastScenicZoneopensfrom7:00a.m.to18:00p.m.insummerand7:00a.m.to17:30p.m.inwinter.Formoreinformation,visittheofficialwebsite.1.WhatdoweknowaboutWuzhen?A.Itremainsunchangedforcenturies.B.Itslifestyleisbasedonwaterresources.C.ItisclosertoShanghaithantoHangzhou.D.Itstraditionalbuildingsareseverelydamaged.2.Howmuchcanavisitorsaveifhevisitsbothzones?A.$5.5.B.$5.7.C.$9.8.D.$11.2.3.Whichofthefollowingisagoodpieceofadviceforvisitors?A.Takeanumbrellawithyou.B.GotoWuzhenbysea.C.VisittheEastScenicZoneafter18:00.D.AvoideatingTaihuLakewhitewaterfish.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了乌镇的概况及游览的建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Localpeople’swayoflifecentersaroundrichwaterresources.”（当地人的生活方式以丰富的水资源为中心。）可知，乌镇的生活方式以水资源为基础。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Admissionfee:150yuan$21fortheWestScenicZoneand$15.5fortheEastScenicZone..$26.7forbothzones”（门票:150元，西部景区21美元，东部景区15.5美元，两个景区26.7美元）可知，答案为$21+$15.5-$26.7=$9.8。可知，如果游客同时访问两个区域，他就可以省下9.8美元。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“Climate:Typicalsubtropicalmonsoonclimatewithgreatsunshineandrichrainfall.”（气候：典型的亚热带季风气候，日照充足，雨量充沛。）可知，乌镇雨水丰富，游览时可携带雨伞。故选A。B Awaitresswholostherjobduringthecoronaviruspandemichaskick-startedherowncareerasabusinesswomanandbaker.Sheturnedoneofherlockdownhobbiesintoabusinessthatbringsheralotofmoney.MonaRoute,27,wasletgofromherserverjobatanairportinMelbourne,Australia,whenCOVID-19hitinMarch2020,andthenew-foundtimeonherhandsleftherfeeling“sobored”.Withnothingelsetodo,Monadecidedtotakeupbakingasahobbytopassthetimeandsoonfoundherselftryingoutexperimentaldessertrecipes—whicheventuallyledhertostartherowncookiebusiness.Mona’svariouscookierecipesbecameher“cheatmeal”whenshewasonhermissiontoloseweight,andthemassivesnacksaremadeupofbakedcookiedough(面团)thatsurroundsasweetfilling.Thecookiesquicklybecameahitwithherfamilyandfriends,andwhenherdadsuggestedshestartsellingthesweettreats,thewomansetupMona’sTreatswith15uniquecookieflavorstochoosefrom.ThekeenbakercreatedanaccountontheInternetandspent282oningredientsforherfirstindustrial-sizedbatch.Atfirst,Monawassellingaround30to40cookiesamonth,butshenowhasamonthlyaverageof450orders—leavingherwakingupat2amtokeepupwithdemand.Duringtheheightoflockdown,Monawassellingasmanyas700cookiesamonth.Monacurrentlymakesanimpressive1,700everymonthfromsellingcookiesinadditiontohermainoccupation,andhasturnedover14,000sinceshestartedup.Thecook,whorunsherbusinessfromherparents’kitchen,isevenhopingtotransitionintobakingfull-timewhenshecanreach1,500ordersamonth.Shesaid,“HopefullyonedayIcandothisinacommercialkitchen.”4.WhatmadeMonafeel“sobored”?A.Workingasawaitressatanairport.B.Doingcookiebusinessallday.C.Experimentingwithmassiverecipes.D.Havingtoomuchfreetime.5.WhatdoweknowfromParagraphs3and4?A.Monasetupherowncompany.B.Mona’sbusinessbegantotakeoff.C.Monawassuccessfulinlosingweight.D.Mona’sbusinesswasagainstherfamily’swill.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMona?A.Hardworkingandcreative.B.Kindandgenerous.C.Confidentanddetermined.D.Ambitiousandindependent.7.WhatcanwelearnfromMona’sexperience? A.Wellbegun,halfdone.B.Practicemakesperfect.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Misfortunemaybeanactualblessing.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mona在新冠肺炎疫情期间丢了工作，为了打发无聊的时间，她开始以烘焙为爱好，这一爱好最终变成了一个能帮她赚钱的生意。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“MonaRoute,27,wasletgofromherserverjobatanairportinMelbourne,Australia,whenCOVID-19hitinMarch2020,andthenew-foundtimeonherhandsleftherfeeling“sobored”.”（27岁的MonaRoute在澳大利亚墨尔本机场从事侍者工作，当2020年3月新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情袭来时，她被解雇了，她手上新获得的时间让她感到“很无聊”）可知，因为疫情原因，MonaRoute被解雇了，由此可知，她有太多的空闲时间，这让她感到很无聊。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“Duringtheheightoflockdown,Monawassellingasmanyas700cookiesamonth.Monacurrentlymakesanimpressive1,700everymonthfromsellingcookiesinadditiontohermainoccupation,andhasturnedover14,000sinceshestartedup.”（在封锁最严重的时期，Mona每月卖出700多块饼干。目前，Mona除了主要职业外，还靠卖饼干每月赚1700英镑，自创业以来，她已赚了超过14000英镑）可知，在封锁最严重的时期，Mona每月卖出700多块饼干，靠卖饼干每月赚1700英镑，由此可知，Mona的生意开始腾飞了，赚了很多钱。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Thecookiesquicklybecameahitwithherfamilyandfriends,andwhenherdadsuggestedshestartsellingthesweettreats,thewomansetupMona’sTreatswith15uniquecookieflavorstochoosefrom.”（这种饼干很快就受到了家人和朋友的欢迎，当她的父亲建议她开始卖甜食时，这位女士创建了Mona’sTreats，提供15种独特的饼干口味供顾客选择）可知，Mona制作了15种独特的饼干口味供顾客选择，由此可知，她是个有创造力的人；根据第四段关键句“Atfirst,Monawassellingaround30to40cookiesamonth,butshenowhasamonthlyaverageof450orders—leavingherwakingupat2amtokeepupwithdemand.”（起初，Mona一个月大约卖30到40块饼干，但现在她每月平均有450份订单，每天凌晨2点就要起床以跟上需求）可知，为了完成顾客的订单，Mona每天凌晨2点就要起床工作，由此可知，她是个勤奋的人，综上，她是一个勤奋的且有创造力的人。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“Awaitresswholostherjobduringthecoronaviruspandemic haskick-startedherowncareerasabusinesswomanandbaker.”（一名在新冠病毒大流行期间失去工作的女服务员开始了自己的职业生涯，成为一名女商人和面包师）可知，文章讲述了Mona在新冠肺炎疫情期间丢了工作，为了打发无聊的时间，她开始以烘焙为爱好，这一爱好最终变成了一个能帮她赚钱的生意，通过这个故事告诉我们，不幸也会带来机遇，由此可知，我们可以从Mona的经历中学到“不幸可能是真正的福气”。故选D项。CTheinventionoftheCompactDisc(CD)causedvinyl(黑胶唱片)musicrecordstofalloutofpopularityover30yearsago.Butsalesofvinylrecordshavebeengrowingforthepast10years.TheCOVID-19pandemiconlyincreasedthesales.Vinylrecords,madeoutofakindofplastic,hadbeenthemainmethodforlisteningtomusicuntilthe1980swhenCDstooktheirplace.Asaresult,manyfactoriesthatproducedvinylrecordswereshutdown.MarkMichaelsistheheadofUnitedRecords,basedinthecityofNashville,Tennessee.ThecompanyisthelargestrecordproducerintheUnitedStates.Hesaidtheindustry“hasfoundnewmachines,andisspeedingupatanewpace”.Manyofthenewcustomersareoldenoughtohavelistenedtorecordsduringtheirchildhoodoryoungadulthood.Ayoungergenerationisalsobuyingrecords.Morecurrentartistsaremeetingthenewdemand.Theyhavebegunreleasingtheirnewestrecordsonvinylaswellasthenormalelectronicreleases.JohnMazzettidevelopsmusicalartistsandhasworkedforSting,JanetJackson,andothersatA&MRecords.Hesaid,“Ilovethevinylexperience.Allofit.Tome,thereisanelectrifyingsoundthatIdon’tfeelfromdigitalwhenIplayrecords.”Therearenowaround40activevinylplantsintheUSandmostofthemaresmall.Theycannotmakerecordsasfastaspeoplearebuyingthem.Itcantakesixtoeightmonthsforanorderofrecordstobefilled.Manufacturersarealsodealingwithshortagesofmaterials,whichcanslowproductionevenmore.Becauserecordproductionisnotmeetingdemands,nobodyknowshowmuchlongerthemarketwillincreaseatthisrate.Forhisownpart,Michaelssaid,“Ibelieveinmusic,andIbelieveintheimportanceofmusicinpeople’slives.Idon’tthinkthatwillchange.”8.Whatreducedthepopularityofvinylmusicrecords?A.TheCOVID-19pandemic.B.Slowprocessofproduction.C.Theagegroupofcustomers.D.TheinventionofCompactDisc.9.WhyarevinylrecordsattractivetoJohnMazzetti?A.Theyhavebecomemorepopular.B.Theyarefullofchildhoodmemories.C.Theygivehimadifferentexperience. D.Theyaremadebydifferentmusicalartists.10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Vinylrecordswillsoondisappearcompletely.B.Thesalesofvinylrecordsaremakingacomeback.C.Vinylrecordshavealreadymetthemarketdemands.D.Themarketofvinylrecordsreliesonlimitedcustomers.11.WhatisMarkMichaels’sattitudetowardthefutureofvinylrecords?A.Optimistic.B.Indifferent.C.Critical.D.Doubtful.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。30多年前，激光唱片的发明使黑胶唱片不再流行。但很多顾客的回归使黑胶唱片的销量在过去10年一直在增长。由于很多黑胶唱片生产厂家已经倒闲，要满足顾客的需要，维持黑胶唱片的销售市场还有很多困难。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章首句“TheinventionoftheCompactDisc(CD)causedvinyl(黑胶唱片)musicrecordstofalloutofpopularityover30yearsago.(CD的发明导致黑胶唱片在30多年前就不再流行了)”可知，激光唱片的发明导致黑胶唱片不再流行。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“JohnMazzettidevelopsmusicalartistsandhasworkedforSting,JanetJackson,andothersatA&MRecords.Hesaid,“Ilovethevinylexperience.Allofit.Tome,thereisanelectrifyingsoundthatIdon’tfeelfromdigitalwhenIplayrecords.(JohnMazzetti培养音乐艺术家，并为斯汀、珍妮特·杰克逊和A&M唱片公司的其他人工作过。他说:“我喜欢黑胶唱片的体验。所有的一切。对我来说，当我播放唱片时，有一种电子设备所没有的电气化的声音。”)”可知，Mazzetti喜欢黑胶唱片的原因是它们那种特殊的声音带来了不同的音乐欣赏体验。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Becauserecordproductionisnotmeetingdemands,nobodyknowshowmuchlongerthemarketwillincreaseatthisrate.(因为唱片产量无法满足需求，没有人知道市场还会以这样的速度增长多久)”推知，黑胶唱片的销量正在回升。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Forhisownpart,Michaelssaid,‘Ibelieveinmusic,andIbelieveintheimportanceofmusicinpeople’slives.Idon’tthinkthatwillchange.’( 就他自己而言，迈克尔斯说:“我相信音乐，我相信音乐在人们生活中的重要性。我认为这一点不会改变。”)”可推断，Michaels对黑胶唱片的未来持乐观态度。故选A。DThestreambehindDakotaPerry’shouseinMobile,Alabama,isoftenlitteredwithrubbish.Whilespendingtimetherewithherdad,shewouldnoticeplasticbags,bottlesandcupsfloatingonthewaterandcollectedalongtheshoreline.Butwheresomemightchoosecommunityrubbishpickup,Dakotawonderediftherewasabetterway.Dakota’sideawasinspiredbytheDutchGreatBubbleBarrierinAmsterdam.LiketheDutchsystemherownrubbishcollectingsystemwouldsendacurtainofbubbles(气泡帷幕)upfromtheriverbottomtocollectrubbishandmoveittothesideofthestream.Butthis15-year-oldchallengedherselftomakethatconceptcompletelygreen.Herswouldrunentirelyonhydropowerandsolarenergy.InDakota’sdesign,acurtainofbubbleswouldcrosstheriverinadiagonalline(斜线).Floatingrubbishwouldbestoppedbythecurtainandpushedtowardtheshore.There,adeliveringbeltrunbyasolar-poweredbatterywouldcollecttherubbishandtransportittoadustbin.Dakota’ssystemreliesonanaircompressor.Itsendsairthroughaplasticpipeintowhichshehasdrilledrowsoftinyholes.Airescapingthroughthoseholesthenbubblestothesurface,creatingwhatlookslikeacurtain.Fornow,Dakotahasfocusedonfine-tuning(微调)thebubblecurtain.Thatwasthemostimportantparttofigureout.“Forthebubblesystemtoactuallyworkandactuallycollecttherubbish,”sheexplains,“Ihavetoknowhowmuchpressuretheaircompressorissupposedtopushout.”Withtheaircompressorturnedon.sheexperimentedwiththepressure,graduallyuppingituntilenoughbubblesrosefromthepipetoformafullcurtain.Nowitwastimetotestthecurtain’sabilitytocollectrubbish,suchasplasticsoftdrinkbottles.Dakotaplacedbottlesthatwereempty,fullofwaterorweightedwithrocksintothewater.Allofthemstoppedatthecurtainandthenslowlycameupalongthecurtainuntiltheyreachedtheedge.Shenoticedthatthebubblescreatedacurrentinthepoolthatpulledtreeleavesupward.“Itwasexciting,”saysDakota.“Iwaslike,‘Yo,thisactuallyworks!’”12.WhereisDakota’sdesigndifferentfromtheDutchsystem?A.It’susedinanykindofweather.’B.It’smainlyrunbyawaterwheel.C.It’sintendedtocollectrubbishinrivers.D.It’scompletelyenvironmentallyfriendly.13.What’sthemostimportantintheoperationofthesystem?A.Makingthebubblecurtainworkbest.B.Maximizingairpressure.C.Drillingmorerowsoftinyholes.D.Usingthesolarenergy. 14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”referto?A.Rocks.B.Bottles.C.Bubbles.D.Treeleaves.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Differentdesignsofrubbishcollectors.B.Theinventingprocessofanewsystem.C.Anewsystemremovingrubbishfromrivers.D.Thefunctionsofbubblesincollectingrubbish.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了亚拉巴马州莫比尔市的DakotaPerry发明了一种装置，它可以有效地收集河流中的垃圾。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Butthis15-year-oldchallengedherselftomakethatconceptcompletelygreen.Herswouldrunentirelyonhydropowerandsolarenergy.(但这个15岁的女孩挑战自己，让这个概念变得完全绿色。她的垃圾收集系统将完全依靠水力发电和太阳能。)”可知，Dakota让这个概念完全环保。她的系统将完全依靠水电和太阳能。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Fornow,Dakotahasfocusedonfine-tuning(微调)thebubblecurtain.Thatwasthemostimportantparttofigureout.(目前，达科塔专注于微调气泡窗帘。这是需要弄清楚的最重要的部分。)”可知，Dakota发明的这套系统运作的重点是微调气泡帷幕，这是最重要的部分。故选A。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第六段的“Nowitwastimetotestthecurtain’sabilitytocollectrubbish,suchasplasticsoftdrinkbottles.Dakotaplacedbottlesthatwereempty,fullofwaterorweightedwithrocksintothewater.Allofthemstoppedatthecurtainandthenslowlycameupalongthecurtainuntiltheyreachedtheedge.(现在是时候测试窗帘收集垃圾的能力了，比如塑料饮料瓶。达科塔把空瓶子、装满水或装满石头的瓶子放入水中。所有的瓶子都在帘子前停了下来，然后沿着帘子慢慢地往上走，直到他们走到边缘。)”可知，画线词they指上文提到的bottles。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段的“LiketheDutchsystem,herownrubbishcollectingsystemwouldsendacurtainofbubbles(气泡帷幕)upfromtheriverbottomtocollectrubbishandmoveittothesideofthestream.(和荷兰的垃圾收集系统一样，她自己的垃圾收集系统会从河底喷出一帘气泡，收集垃圾并将其移到河边。) ”以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了亚拉巴马州莫比尔市的Dakota发明的一种垃圾收集装置。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。“Mostpeopledon’tknowanythingaboutsoil,”saysDominiqueArrouays,asoilscientistinFrance.“Inthecity,theyneverseethesoil,unlessthere’sconstruction.It’sallpavement.Theydon’trealizethateverythingdependsonsoils.”Soilsgrowthefoodthatprovidesanestimated98.8percentofourdailycalories,accordingtoapaperinEnvironmentInternational,andhousemorethan25percentoftheworld’sbiodiversity.____16____Healthysoilismarkedbyitsporous(多孔)structure,producedbyrootgrowthaswellastheactivitiesofearthwormsandinsects.____17____Healthysoilsnotonlymakefarmsmoreclimate-resilient(气候适应力),buttheycanalsohelpkeepcostsforfarmersandtaxpayersdown.AccordingtoaUnitedNationsreport,athirdoftheplanet’ssoilishighlydegradedduetoacidification,erosion(腐蚀),andotherfactors.Soilscannotberegeneratedquickly.____18____Andyetmanypeopledismissitasnothingmorethandirt.____19____Erosionoccurswhensoilisdisplacedbywindorwater—washedofffarmsandstoredinditchesandstreams,orblownacrossthelandscapeasdust.Healthysoilresistserosionwell,especiallyifitisprotectedbyplantsabovegroundandrootsbelow-ground.____20____Theresultscanbedisastrous.Evensmallchangesyearafteryearcangraduallycausebigproblems.Soilistheskinoftheearth.Weneedtoprotectit.It’sineverybody’sinteresttosupportfarmersinrebuildingsoilhealthandpreventingerosion.A.Butsoilsareingreattroubleatpresent.B.Soilerosionisaparticularlyseriousproblemworldwide.C.Thisstructureallowsrainfalltosinkinhealthysoildeeply.D.Soilsalsostoremassiveamountsofbothfreshwaterandcarbon.E.Itmaytakeupto1,000yearstoproduceacouplecentimetersofsoil.F.Butwhensoilisleftbare,windandwatercanmoreeasilydisplaceit.G.Soilisalivingcommunitytocreatearichenvironmentforfoodproduction.【答案】16.D17.C18.E19.B20.F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了土壤的重要性和土壤侵蚀问题，呼吁我们保护土壤。 【16题详解】根据上文“Soilsgrowthefoodthatprovidesanestimated98.8percentofourdailycalories,accordingtoapaperinEnvironmentInternational,andhousemorethan25percentoftheworld’sbiodiversity.(根据《国际环境》杂志的一篇论文，土壤种植的食物提供了我们每天约98.8%的热量，并容纳了世界上25%以上的生物多样性)”可知，上文介绍了土壤的重要性，D项意为“土壤还储存大量的淡水和碳。”选项能够承接上文，介绍的也是土壤的重要性，土壤储存大量的淡水和碳。故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“Healthysoilismarkedbyitsporous(多孔)structure,producedbyrootgrowthaswellastheactivitiesofearthwormsandinsects.(健康的土壤以其多孔结构为特征，多孔结构由根生长以及蚯蚓和昆虫的活动产生。)”可知，上文介绍了土壤的多孔结构，C项意为“这种结构允许降雨在健康土壤中深度下沉。”选项能够承接上文，介绍了土壤的多孔结构的作用。故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“Soilscannotberegeneratedquickly.(土壤不能快速再生。)”可知，上文介绍了土壤不能快速再生，E项意为“产生几厘米的土壤可能需要1000年的时间。”选项能够承接上文，介绍了土壤再生需要很长时间，产生几厘米的土壤可能需要1000年的时间。故选E。【19题详解】根据下文“Erosionoccurswhensoilisdisplacedbywindorwater—washedofffarmsandstoredinditchesandstreams,orblownacrossthelandscapeasdust.(当土壤被风或水从农场冲走，并储存在沟渠和溪流中，或作为灰尘吹过景观时，就会发生侵蚀。)”可知，下文介绍了土壤侵蚀现象，B项意为“土壤侵蚀是世界范围内一个特别严重的问题。”选项能够引起下文，下文具体介绍了什么是土壤侵蚀。故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“Healthysoilresistserosionwell,especiallyifitisprotectedbyplantsabovegroundandrootsbelow-ground.(健康的土壤能很好地抵抗侵蚀，特别是如果它受到地上植物和地下根的保护。)”可知，如果土壤受到地上植物和地下根的保护，可以很好地抵抗侵蚀，F项意为“但当土壤裸露时，风和水更容易将其移走。”选项与上文构成转折关系，受到地上植物和地下根保护的土壤可以很好地抵抗侵蚀，但当土壤裸露时，风和水更容易将其移走。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenJackelynKastanisfoundoutherchildhoodbestfriend,Brooke,hadcancer,shedroppedeverythingtobebyherside.Shenotonlystayedwithherinthe____21____,shealsotriedtohelpherfeelnormalandgiveher asenseof____22____.“Shewastoldat27yearsoldshehadayearto____23____.OnceIfoundoutshewasverysickIcamehomeandI____24____residencewithherinherhospitalroom,”KastanistoldCBSNews.“Ibroughthairandmake-upandtriedanythingto____25____herspirits.Andshe,believeitornot,changed____26____.”Jackelynwantedtofindawaytocopythe____27____forotherwomenwhoarebattlingcancer.So,shesetuphernonprofitSimplyFromTheHeartandstartedvisitinghospitalswith____28____togivebeautyproductsandmakeoverstothewomen.Jackelynandthevolunteers____29____“glamboxes”with30beautyproducts,_____30_____byindividualsandcorporations,andtakethemtothewomeninthehospital.Since2014,theyhave_____31_____thelivesofmorethan5,000patients.Medicineandtreatmentshelpthem_____32_____,butfriendshipandkindnesshelpregainthehopeoflife.“Onepatient,Irememberher_____33_____,‘Thesegirlscuredmeinawaythe_____34_____couldnot,’”saidJackelyn.“Youknow,wehaveourdoctorsandtheykeepusalive.But_____35_____,weallwantoursoulstofeelsparkeduptogetusthrough.”21.A.schoolB.companyC.hospitalD.office22.A.beautyB.worthC.honorD.value23.A.studyB.liveC.workD.think24.A.broughtupB.putupC.turnedupD.tookup25.A.reachB.catchC.liftD.admire26.A.completelyB.regularlyC.frequentlyD.occasionally27.A.journeyB.momentC.lessonD.wonder28.A.studentsB.workersC.volunteersD.employees29.A.decorateB.fillC.involveD.cover30.A.providedB.deliveredC.requestedD.donated31.A.touchedB.savedC.shapedD.impressed32.A.advanceB.recoverC.developD.grow33.A.askingB.replyingC.sayingD.thinking34A.doctorsB.teachersC.writersD.workers35.A.hopefullyB.physicallyC.graduallyD.mentally【答案】21C22.A23.B24.D25.C26.A27.D28.C29.B30.D 31.A32.B33.C34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Jackelyn的好友不幸患上了癌症，她以一种特殊方式去帮助她的好友恢复美丽与自信。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不仅在医院陪着她，还努力让她感觉正常，给她美感。A.school学校；B.company公司；C.hospital医院；D.office办公室。根据上文“herchildhoodbestfriend,Brooke,hadcancer”可知，Jackelyn的好友Brooke患上了癌症，由此可推知，Jackelyn应该是去医院（hospital）陪护她。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不仅在医院陪着她，还努力让她感觉正常，给她美感。A.beauty美；B.worth价值；C.honor荣誉；D.value价值。根据第二段最后一句可知，Jackelyn给好友带去了头发和化妆品，给她一种她很美丽的感觉。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在27岁的时候被告知她只能再活一年。A.study学习；B.live活着；C.work工作；D.think思考。根据上文“WhenJackelynKastanisfoundoutherchildhoodbestfriend,Brooke,hadcancer,”和下文“OnceIfoundoutshewasverysick”可知，她在27岁时被告知她只能活（live）一年。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我发现她病得很重的时候，我就回来和她住在医院的病房里。A.broughtup养育；B.putup举起；C.turnedup出现；D.tookup占据（地方）。此处takeupresidence为固定搭配，意为“开始居住”，符合语境。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我带来了头发和化妆品，尝试了一切让她振作起来的方法。A.reach到达；B.catch抓住；C.lift使愉悦；D.admire敬佩。根据上文“Ibroughthairandmake-upandtriedanythingto”可知，Jackelyn给好友带去头发和化妆品并尝试做任何事情，目的是使她高兴起来。liftsb’sspirits意为“振奋某人的情绪”，符合语境。故选C项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：信不信由你，她完全变了。A.completely完全地；B.regularly规律地；C.frequently频繁地；D.occasionally偶尔。根据下文“Jackelynwantedtofindawaytocopythe　7　forotherwomenwhoarebattlingcancer.”推知，Brooke完全改变了，因此JackelynKastanis 想把这种方法复制到其他患癌的女士身上。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jackelyn想找到一种方法，为其他与癌症抗争的女性复制这一奇迹。A.journey旅程；B.moment时刻；C.lesson课程；D.wonder奇迹。根据上文“Andshe,believeitornot,changed　　6　　.”并结合选项可推知，Jackelyn希望找到一种方法，可以将这一奇迹复制到其他与癌症抗争的女性身上。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，她成立了自己的非营利组织SimplyFromTheHeart，并开始与志愿者前往医院，为女性提供美容产品和化妆服务。A.students学生；B.workers工人；C.volunteers志愿者；D.employees员工。根据第四段第一句的“Jackelynandthevolunteers”可知，Jackelyn是和志愿者们一起去医院为那些女性提供美容产品和化妆服务的。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jackelyn和志愿者们在“华丽的盒子”里装满了30种美容产品，这些产品由个人和公司提供，然后送到医院里的女性那里。A.decorate装饰；B.fill填满；C.involve涉及；D.cover覆盖。此处fillwith…...为固定搭配，意为“用……装满……”，符合语境。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jackelyn和志愿者们在“华丽的盒子”里装满了30种美容产品，这些产品由个人和公司提供，然后送到医院里的女性那里。A.provided提供；B.delivered传递；C.requested要求；D.donated捐赠。根据上文“So,shesetuphernonprofitSimplyFromTheHeartandstartedvisitinghospitals”可知，Jackelyn所创办的是一家非营利性机构，因此这些美容产品应该是个人和企业捐赠的。donate意为“(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠，赠送”，符合语境。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2014年以来，它们已经影响了5000多名患者的生活。A.touched影响；B.saved拯救；C.shaped塑造；D.impressed留下印象。根据下文“butfriendshipandkindnesshelpregainthehopeoflife.”可知，他们影响了5000多名病人的生活。touch意为“影响”，符合语境。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：药物和治疗帮助他们康复，但友谊和善意帮助他们重拾生活的希望。A.advance前进；B.recover恢复；C.develop发展；D.grow成长。根据下文“butfriendshipandkindnesshelpregainthehopeoflife.”可知，药物和治疗帮助她们康复，但是友情和善意帮助她们重获希望。recover意为“恢复健康；康复”，符合语境，与下文regain呼应。故选B项。【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一个病人说，这些女孩以一种医生无法做到的方式治愈了我。A.asking问；B.replying回复；C.saying说；D.thinking思考。根据语境可知，此处是Jackelyn引用一位病人所说的话。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一个病人说，这些女孩以一种医生无法做到的方式治愈了我。A.doctors医生；B.teachers老师；C.writers作家；D.workers工人。根据“curedme”可知，病人表示女孩们用医生无法做到的方式治愈了自己。故选A项。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但在精神上，我们都希望自己的灵魂被点燃，从而度过难关。A.hopefully有希望地；B.physically身体地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.mentally精神上地。根据上文可知，医生使她们能够继续活下去，这是指身体上的；根据空格前的“But”及下文的“oursouls”可推知，此处应谈及精神上的，与上文形成对比。mentally意为“精神上；思想上”，符合语境。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Manyartistsdrawwithpensandbrushes,butfew“paint”withknives.WangJing,awomanfromShenyangcityinnortheastChina’sLiaoningProvince,____36____(engage)inthisnovelartformfor27years.In1995,Wangwasinspiredbyan____37____(accident)cutbyaknifeonapieceofredpaper,whichleftawhiteline.Usingknivesandpaper,shethencompletedapaintingofapairofpeacocksthatlaterbecame____38____sourceofmotivationforher27-yearefforts.Unliketraditionalpaintings,ontowhichcolorsare“added,”“knifepainters”applyvariedpressureonthepaperindifferent____39____(direction)tocreatedifferentcolorsandtones.ThenovelartformwasknowntofewpeoplejustafterWang____40____(create)it.EvenWangherselfwasnotexpectingtomake____41____somethingbigatthebeginning.Butthanks____42____herhugeenthusiasmfortheartform,shehaspersistedwithitforthepast27years.WanghascompletedhundredsofpaintingsaboutChineseculture,figures,landscape,flowersandbirds.Herfavoriteisa2.8-meter-longpainting____43____pictures20lifelikeegrets(白鹭).“Paintingonpaperwithknivesisadelicateartandeachlineinthepaintingisasthinasahair,”saidWang,____44____(add)thatoncethemarksareleftonthepaper,theycannotbecovered,soitrequiresthepaintertobe_____45_____(complete)absorbedinthework.Wangsaid,“Iwillcontinueworkinginthecraftandputtheartonthemap.”【答案】36.hasbeenengaged##hasbeenengaging 37.accidental38.a39.directions40.created41.it42.to43.which##that44.adding45.completely【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了刀刻画和刀刻画的创始人王静。【36题详解】考查动词时态。句意：王静是中国东北辽宁省沈阳市的一名女子，从事这种新颖的艺术形式已有27年。分析句子可知，engage是谓语动词，由时间状语for27years可知，用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，engage“从事；使从事”，即是及物动词，也是不及物动词，故既可以用被动语态和可以用主动语态，且主语WangJing是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填hasbeenengaged/hasbeenengaging。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：1995年，被一张红纸上的刀子意外割伤，这留下了一条白线，启发了王。修饰名词用形容词作定语，故填accidental。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：随后，她用刀和纸完成了一幅孔雀画，这幅画后来成为她27年努力的动力来源。source“来源”是可数名词，此处表示泛指用不定冠词，故填a。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：与传统绘画不同的是，在纸上“添加”颜色，“刀画家”在不同的方向在纸上施加不同的压力，以创造不同的颜色和色调。形容词修饰名词作介词in的宾语，different修饰用复数，故填directions。【40题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在王创造它之后，这一新颖的艺术形式很少有人知道。分析句子可知，after引导时间状语从句，create是从句的谓语动词，此处用一般过去时描述过去发生的事情，故填created。【41题详解】考查代词。句意：就连王自己一开始也没有想过让它成为重要的东西。根据语境，此处表示“让刀刻画成为重要的东西”，用代词it指代，作宾语，故填it。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：但由于她对这种艺术形式的巨大热情，她坚持了27年。thanksto “多亏；由于”是固定短语，根据句意，故填to。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：她最喜欢的是一幅2.8米长的画，画了20只栩栩如生的白鹭。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰painting，从句中作主语，指物，引导限制性定语从句用which或者that，故填which/that。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“用刀在纸上绘画是一门精细的艺术，画上的每一行都像头发一样细，”王说，补充说，一旦痕迹留在纸上，就无法掩盖，因此要求画家完全专注于工作。分析句子可知，add作状语用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Wang是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填adding。【45题详解】考查副词。句意同上。修饰形容词absorbed用副词作状语，故填completely。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是校英语报记者李华，你校外教Frank荣获最美外教(TheBestForeignTeachers)称号，你想预约采访他。请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1．表示祝贺；2．告知采访内容；3．商定采访时间与地点。注意：1．词数80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearFrank,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearFrank, IamLiHua,ajournalistofourschoolEnglishNewspaper.Congratulationstoyouonreceivingtheawardof“TheBestForeignTeachers”.I’mwritingtoaskwhetherImayhavethehonortoarrangeaface-to-faceinterviewwithyou.Duringtheinterview,I’llaskaboutyourimpressionsofourcountryandyourpersonalexperiencesinChina.Besides,IwouldappreciateitifyoucouldsharewithussomesuggestionsforEnglishstudy.Ifitisconvenient,mayIpayyouavisitatyourofficenextFridayafternoon?Ifnot,pleasetellmethespecifictimethatsuitsyoubest.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。假定你是校英语报记者李华，你校外教Frank荣获最美外教(TheBestForeignTeachers)称号，你想预约采访他。请按照题目所给要求，给他写一封电子邮件。【详解】1.词汇积累奖：award→prize荣誉：honor→glory另外：Besides→Inaddition感谢：appreciate→thank2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Duringtheinterview,I’llaskaboutyourimpressionsofourcountryandyourpersonalexperiencesinChina.拓展句：Whenwehavetheinterview,I’llaskaboutyourimpressionsofourcountryandyourpersonalexperiencesinChina.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’mwritingtoaskwhetherImayhavethehonortoarrangeaface-to-faceinterviewwithyou.（运用了whether引导的宾语从句）[高分句型2]Besides,IwouldappreciateitifyoucouldsharewithussomesuggestionsforEnglishstudy.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Jennywas18andshethoughtshewouldbestrongenoughtofacegoingawaytocollege2,000milesawayfromhome.Butbythesecondday,shewascryingonthephone,tellinghermomshewantedtocomehome.It couldbebecauseshewasthebabyofafamilyofsixandtheonlygirl,orherfamilywasparticularlycloseandloving.Unfortunately,herroommate,Zara,heardhercrying.AssoonasJennyhungupthecall,Zarastartedmakingfunofher.“Ohmy!DoesbabymisshermommyinPhoenix?”Jennywipedhertearsandaskedwhethershemissedherparentsandlongedtogohome.Zararepliedcoldlythatshehadputawaysuchchildishthingsandwarnedthatsheshouldn’tbehavelikeacrybaby.SooneveryoneinthedormwascallingJenny“CryBaby”.TheideaofquittingcollegeandrunninghomeconstantlyoccurredtoJenny.Butsomehow,shemadeitthrough.Oneday,herdadcalledandaskedhertocomehomeforalongweekend.Intheend,herfatheraddedthatshecouldbringherroommateZarahomeandhewouldsoonsendtworeturntickets.JennyhadnevertoldherparentsthatZarawasfarfromfriendlyorsupportive.She’dbeentooashamedandeagertohidehercompletemisery(痛苦)fromherfamily.Thatevening,JennytoldZaraaboutherfamily’sinvitation.ZarastaredatJenny,hermouthopen.“Aticketforme?Why?”sheasked.“Itoldthemyouwerenicetome…Sotheywantedtobenicetoyou...”Jennyexplainedawkwardly.Afterawhile,Zarasaid,“I’mcoming!”注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Twoweekslater,JennyandZaralandedinPhoenix.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Feelingthefamily’swarmth,Zarabegantosob.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Twoweekslater,JennyandZaralandedinPhoenix.Jenny’sfamilywaitedattheairportandextendedwarmwelcometothem.Jenny’sdadsweptZaraupinagiantbearhug.Bloodrushingtoherface,sheforcedasmiletohideherembarrassment.Backhome,Zarawasgreetedbydeliciousfoodinaharmoniousatmosphere.Duringherstay,Jenny’sfamilyconstantlyexpressedtheirgratitudetoZarafortakingcareofJenny.Feelingthefamily’swarmth,Zarabegantosob.Inbetweensobs,Zaraadmittedthatsheenviedherbecauseshehadneverexperiencedthelove.Jennywipedhertearsawayandjoked“Look!who’sthecrybabynow!”.Jenny’smotherhuggedZara“It’sOK.Ifyoulike,wecanbeafamily.”Zarafeltthewarmthsurgingthroughherbody,glowingwithhappiness.Thatweekend,forthefirsttime,Zaraexperiencedthejoyofbeinginthecenterofalovingfamily.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个名字叫Jenny的女孩，在离家2000英里的地方读大学，由于是家里唯一的女孩，上大学的第二天就在电话中哭诉着自己想家。她的室友Zara听到了她的哭声，没有安慰她反而嘲笑她，由此同学们都称Jenny为“爱哭鬼”。一次周末，Jenny的父亲打电话告知Jenny邀请室友Zara去家中做客，Jenny并未告知父亲Zara对她的不友好，但还是依旧邀请了Zara。由此，在Jenny家中，Zara感受到了家庭的温暖，并且发生改变，而成为好朋友的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“两周后，珍妮和扎拉在Phoenix着陆。”可知，第一段可描写Jenny家人热情招待Zara的情节，让她感受到了家庭的温暖。②由第二段首句内容“感受到这家人的温暖，Zara开始抽泣。”可知，第二段可描写Zara的情绪和心理感受以及Jenny的感悟和改变。2.续写线索：邀请做客——Jenny家人的热情接待——Jenny家人热忱地感谢——Zara个人的感受——Zara个人经历的介绍——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①.拥抱：sweepsbupinagiantbearhug/givesbagianthug/gathersbintoone’sarms②.擦干泪水：wipetearsaway/dryone’stears③.洋溢着幸福：glowingwithhappiness/brimmingwithhappiness情绪类①.感谢：expresstheirgratitude/showtheirgratitude/begrateful②.感觉温暖：feelthewarmth/feelagreatsenseofwarmth【点睛】[高分句型1].Bloodrushingtoherface,sheforcedasmiletohideherembarrassment. （运用了现在分词独立主格结构）[高分句型2].Inbetweensobs,Zaraadmittedthatsheenviedherbecauseshehadneverexperiencedthelove.（运用了that引导宾语从句，because引导原因状语从句）听力1—5BACBA6—10ACCBA11—15BCBAC16—20BBACC