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状语从句
1复习重点1.状语从句的基本用法。2.引导状语从句的常见连词。
2一、状语从句的类型及连词从句类型常见连词补充时间状语从句when,as,while,whenever,after,before,till /until,assoonas,since,once,bythetime,nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when,...everytime,themoment,theminute,immediately也可引导时间状语从句基础知识
3从句类型常见连词补充地点状语从句where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,...原因状语从句because,since,as,for,nowthat,...seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat也可引导原因状语从句目的状语从句sothat,inorderthat,...谓语动词前常带有情态动词；incase,forfear(that)也可引导目的状语从句
4从句类型常见连词补充结果状语从句sothat,so...that,such...that,...条件状语从句if,unless,so /aslongas,onlyif,provided,...if不能用whether替换；onconditionthat,suppose /supposing(that)也可引导条件状语从句让步状语从句although,though,evenif /though, as...由疑问词+ever构成的复合词，“nomatter+疑问词”以及whether...or也可引导让步状语从句。
5从句类型常用连词补充方式状语从句as,asif/though,...theway,ratherthan也可引导方式状语从句程度状语从句so(that),suchthat,as /sofaras,as /solongas,...tothedegree /extent(that)也可引导程度状语从句比较状语从句than,as
6二、状语从句中的引导词1.whilewhile引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语必须是延续性动词（如stay,wait,live等），而不能是非延续性动词。如：Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.while引导让步状语从句时，相当于although/though/as，但while/although引导的让步状语从句不用倒装语序，though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装，而as引导的让步状语从句则必须倒装。如：
7While/Although/Thoughthebrideishappy,shewillfeelhomesickatthebeginning.Happyasthebrideis,shewillfeelhomesickatthebeginning.2.until和tilluntil和till都表示“直到”，常可互换，但till一般不用于句首，也不用于强调句中。until/till从句与肯定的主句连用时，主句的谓语必须是延续性动词，表示主句的动作一直持续到until/till所表示的时间为止。如：
8Youmaystayhereuntiltherainstops.Mr.Bushremainedtheretillhisbrotherarrived.until/till从句与否定的主句连用时，主句的谓语是非延续性动词，表示“直到……才”，即主句的动作到until/till所表示的时间才开始。如：Davidwon’tgotobeduntil/tillhiswifereturns.Leodidn’tcomeuntilhehadgoneoverhislesson.notuntil位于句首时，主句须用倒装语序。如：NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.
9notuntil结构可用于强调句中。如：Itwasnotuntilshecametoseeusthatweknewhermotherwasillinbed.3.whenwhen引导时间状语从句时，从句的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生，也可先后发生。如：Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.Whenthemealwasfinished,Rachelwashedup.
10when可以引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。如：Howcanweexplainittoyouwhenyouwon’tlisten?when可以作并列连词，意为“正在那时，突然”，此时所引导的从句只能放在主句之后。如：Wewereswimminginthelakewhensuddenlythestormstarted.
114.asas可以引导时间状语从句，其动作是延续性的，表示“当……时，随着”。Theatmospheregetsthinnerandthinnerastheheightincreases.as可以引导原因状语从句，一般放在句首，表示十分明显的原因。如：Asitisraining,weshallnotgocamping.
12as可以引导让步状语从句,通常用倒装结构。具体情况如下：形容词或副词+as+主语+系动词be或实义动词。如:MuchasIlikeit,Iwon’tbuy.名词+as+主语+系动词（句首的名词前多不带冠词）。如：Childasheis,heknowsalot.实义动词+as+主语+助动词（如果没有助动词,则要加上do,does或did）。如：Tryashewould,hecouldn’tlifttheheavybox.
135.nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...nosooner...than...和hardly/scarcely...when...引导的从句表示“一……就……，刚……就……”的含义。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。nosooner,hardly位于句首时,主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如：Thewordshadnosoonerbeenspokenthanherealizedthatheshouldhaveremainedsilent.
14Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadwegottothestationthanthetrainleft.Hardlyhadwebegunwhenweweretoldtostop.
156.由“疑问词-ever”构成的复合词与“nomatter+疑问词”由“疑问词-ever”构成的复合词可以引导让步状语从句。此时以-ever结尾的复合词在口语中可由“nomatter+疑问词”代替。如：I’vetoldyouthatI’mgoingtobuythatpen,howevermuchitcosts.=...,nomatterhowmuchitcosts.Don’ttrusthim,whateverhesays.=...,nomatterwhathesays.
16常见考点在含状语从句的复合句中，主、从句通常根据实际时间关系来确定动词的时态，但有一点需要注意：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句或由“疑问词-ever”、“nomatter+疑问词”等引导的让步状语从句中，可以用一般现在时表将来。下面就状语从句考点进行归纳总结。
17一、时间状语从句【考例】Itwasthemiddleofthenight_____myfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.A.thatB.asC.whichD.when
18二、地点状语从句where在地点状语从句中，除了指地点外，还可指处境等。由where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示（抽象）地点或处所的名词作先行词，而状语从句前没有先行词。
19【考例】Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldn’tgetataxi_____thebushaddroppedher.A.untilB.whenC.althoughD.where2.Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks_____animalsandplantscanbeprotected.A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where
20三、原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的常用连词有because,since,as,now(that)等。它们的用法区别是：because语气最强，述说直接原因，说明因果关系，常回答以why开头的问句；since,as和now(that)引导的从句用法相似，表示双方都知道的原因。【考例】—Coach,canIcontinuewiththetraining?—Sorry,youcan’t_____youhaven’trecoveredfromthekneeinjury.A.untilB.beforeC.asD.unless
21四、让步状语从句【考例】_____theforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.A.AsB.WhenC.EventhoughD.Incase
22五、目的状语从句【考例】Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasborn_____shecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily.A.nowthatB.asifC.onlyifD.sothat
23六、结果状语从句so...that和such...that表示“如此……以致于”,so后面接形容词或副词，such后面接名词。但名词前有many,much,few,little这些词修饰时,要用so。“such+a(n)+adj.+单数名词+that”可转换成“so+adj.+a(n)+单数名词+that”。【考例】Theweatherwas_____coldthatIdidn’tliketoleavemyroom.A.reallyB.suchC.tooD.so
24七、条件状语从句【考例】Youwillnevergainsuccess_____youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.A.whenB.becauseC.afterD.unless
25八、方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的常用连词有as,asif/though。asif/though引导的状语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设。如果从句所表达的内容被看作是事实或者有可能是事实时，就要用陈述语气。【考例】Jackwasn’tsayinganything,buttheteachersmiledathim_____hehaddonesomethingveryclever.A.asifB.incaseC.whileD.though
26九、比较状语从句含as...as...的比较状语从句用在同级比较中,若表否定用notso/as...as...。其中第一个so/as是副词,修饰主句的形容词或副词的原形，后一个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。【考例】Ihaveseldomseenmymother_____pleasedwithmyprogressassheisnow.A.soB.veryC.tooD.rather
271._____youstarteatinginahealthierway,weightcontrolwillbecomemucheasier.A.Unless B.AlthoughC.Before D.Once高考链接
282.Idon’treallyliketheauthor,_____Ihavetoadmithisbooksareveryexciting.A.although B.unlessC.until D.once
293.Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,_____historycannotbechanged.A.though B.asC.since D.unless
304.Theyoungcouple,whoreturnedmylostwallet,left_____Icouldaskfortheirnames.A.whileB.beforeC.afterD.since
315.Themeaningoftheword“nice”changedafewtimes_____itfinallycametoincludethesense“pleasant.”A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.while
32专项练习I.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。1._______________________(尽管他已经尽力了),Royfounditdifficulttomakeanyprogressinmath.Hardas/thoughhetried
332.AlthoughJackstartedlate,believeitornot,heplayedfootballaswellas,if_________________(不比……更好),Mike.3.Inmyopinion,buildingaskyscraperinthetwenty-firstcenturyis___________________________(比过去容易得多).notbetterthanmucheasierthanitusedtobe
344.Carefulsurveyshaveindicatedthatasmanyas50percentofpatients_______________________________________(没有按医嘱服药).5.—Howfarawaydotheylive?—_______________(就我所知),theyliveinthesameneighborhood.takedrugsasdirectedbytheirdoctorsdonotAsfarasIknow
35II.用合适的连词填空，完成下面短文。Apackratisreallyawoodrat.Itiscalledapackrat1.________itcollectsobjectsandtakesthemhome.Packratscollectanyobjectsmallenoughtocarry,especiallyonethatglittersandshines.Theyoftenstealthings2._________peoplegotobecauseafter/when
36bed.Packratsoftentradeonethingforanother.Theymightstealacoinandleaveastoneinitsplace.Apparently,3.______thepackratcomesacrossanobjectitlikesbetter4._____theoneithappenstobecarryinghomeatthetime,itdropsthefirstobjectandcarriesoffthenewone.Theseanimalsaresometimescalledtradewhenthan
37ratsbecauseofthisunusualhabit.5.________________someothersmallanimalsmakethesimilarball-shapednests,onlypackratsprotecttheirnestswithalargewallofsticksorpiecesofcactus(仙人掌).6._______itismating(交配)orraisingitsyoung,apackratlivesalone.Itlivesinthesamehomeallyearlongandoftenforitswholelife.UnlessAlthough/Though
