广东省广州市八校联考2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试英语（原卷版）

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2021-2022学年广东省广州市八校联考高二下学期期中考试英语试题满分120分，考试用时120分钟。1．答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目填写在规定的位置上。2．第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3．第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不得使用涂改液，胶带纸、修正带和其他笔。第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANewScienceBooksinBriefVolumeControlByDavidOwen||$18.23“Foradeafchild,havinghearingparentscanbeaseriousdisadvantage,"notesOweninthissensitivestudyofhearing.Hesuffersfromtinnitus.Combiningthesciencewithindividualexperiences,Owendiscusseshearingaids,signlanguage,ThomasEdisonandnoiselevelsinUScities—allinabsorbingdetail.RealityAheadofScheduleByJoelLevy||$29.04Thispicture-packedbooktoursscientificadvancessparkedbyideasinsciencefiction.Forexample,LevyshowshowH.G.Wells?s1903storyTheLandIroncladsinspiredWinstonChurchilltopromotethedevelopmentofthemilitarytank.Thetitlecomesfromadefinitionofsci-fibySydneyMead,anindustrialdesignerwidelyknownforhisdesignsforscience-fictionfilms.JetStreamByTimWoollings||$32.95Thejetstreamwasdiscoveredinthe1920s.Inthisanalysisofitscomplexinfluenceonweather,WoollingsrelateshowtheJapaneseusedthejetstreamtolaunchtrans—Pacificballoonsin1944.Today,thejetstreamis学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1verylikelytobethreatenedbyanotherproductofhumanactivity:risingcarbondioxideemissions.AdventuresofaComputationalExplorerByStephenWolfram||$22.46StephenWolfram,designerofthetechnical-computingsystemMathematica,offersgoodstoriesinthiscollectionofbiographicalessays.Forexample,herecallshimselfasasix-year-oldspottingabitetakenoutofthesun:asolareclipse,somethingunknowntotheotherchildren.1.WhatcanwelearnfromVolumeControl?A.Thescienceofhearing.B.Practicalwaystocuretinnitus.C.ThomasEdison'sgreatinventions.D.WinstonChurchill'sgreatachievements.2.WhoprovidedinspirationforthetitleofRealityAheadofSchedule?A.JoelLevy.B.H.G.Wells.C.SydneyMead.D.TimWoollings.3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyouwantabookcompletelymadeupofrealstories?A.$18.23.B.$22.46.C.$29.04.D.$32.95.BThedefinitionofcommunityhasevolved(升华)formefromchildhoodtotheyoungadultIamnow.MymomwasborninAmericabutbothherparentswerefromtheBahamas.Itwastheirculturetotakecareoftheelderlyandthesick.Andmymomhastaughtmetobecaringtothosearoundusbecausewe'reallapartofthe"community",anextensionoffamily.WhenIwas9yearsold,myfamilymovedtoCapeCoral,Florida.Bothmomanddadworkedfull-time,sotheyregisteredmetoattendanafter-schoolprogramattheYouthCenter.Youthcounselors(辅导员)wouldhelpmewithmyhomeworkandplaygameswithmeandthiswaswheremyinteresttookroot.CommunityservicestartedwithmegivingbackattheYouthCenter.Thenillnessstruckathome.Mygrandmotherhadtohaveheartsurgeryandneededhospitaltreatment.ThisexperiencebroughtmetovolunteeratCapeCoralHospital.IaskedifIcouldlearnfromthenursehowtogivemygrandmahermedicineanditstartedhere.IlovedbeingatCapeCoralHospital.Iwouldbringpaperworktootherdoctors,bringfoodtothepatients,andmakesurethepatientswereattended.Iwouldhelpdirectvisitorstoseepatients.IwouldalwaystellwhatwouldcheerthepatientsupbecauseIhadbuiltarelationshipwiththemandtheirlovedones.Igrewtofeelthehospitalwasapartofmycommunity.AftervolunteeringattheYouthCenterandattheHospital,I'velearnedthatpeoplebecomesortofan学科网（北京）股份有限公司

2extendedfamilywhenyoucareaboutthem.NowIammoreconsiderateofthoseclosetome,neighborsandevenstrangerswhosharemyresources.4.Whomightbethefirsttoexposetheauthortothesenseofcommunity?A.CounselorsattheYouthCenter.B.NursesatCapeCoralHospital.C.Hergrandparents.D.Hermother.5.Whydidtheauthor'sparentssendhertotheYouthCenter?A.Theyweretoobusytotakecareofher.B.Theywantedhertodocommunityservice.C.Theauthorcouldn'tfinishherhomeworkonherown.D.Becomingacounselorwastheauthor'schildhooddream.6.WhatdidtheauthorvolunteertodofirstatCapeCoralHospital?A.Cheerthepatientsup.B.Bringfoodtothepatients.C.Helpdirectvisitorstoseepatients.D.Servemedicinetohergrandmother.7Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ILoveVolunteeringB.CommunityIsFamilyC.MyVolunteerExperiencesD.MyCommunityandMyFamilyCAsspringarrives,farmersaroundtheworldaremakingdecisionsaboutwhatcropstoplantandhowtomanagethem.IntheU.S.,farmerstypicallyhavebigdatatohelpmakethesedecisions.Thesedatahaveaclearupside.Theymakefarmsmoreproductive.IntheU.S.,thepastfiveyearshaveseenaseriesofgoodharvestsforbothcomandsoybean.Abigpartisgeneratedbyeffectivelyusingdatatoproducemorefoodfromthesameamountofland,seedandfertilizer.Inthepoorerpartsoftheworld,however,thepictureismuchdifferent.Manyfarmersareguidedonlybytheirhistorywiththelandandtheircommunity'straditions.Theirskillsandknowledgeareimpressive,buttheysufferfromapovertyofdata.Theyrelyontechnicaladvisorsforadvicefromgovernmentsandacademiccenterswhooftenhaveverylittleknowledgeofthelocalarea.Forseedsandfertilizersandothermaterialsusedinthefield,theyrelyoncompaniesthatlackdataonhowtheirproductswillperforminthelocal学科网（北京）股份有限公司

3conditions.About10yearsago,EastAfricanofficialsandtheirdevelopmentpartnersstartedtoexplorewhysofewsmallholderdairyfarmersmadeprofitsfromgrowingdemandfromurbanconsumers.Surveysoffarmersintheregionsuggestedpooraccesstoveterinary(禽畜的)careandbreedingassistance.Anefforttoprovidetheseserviceshashelpedfarmersgetmoremilk.Datawouldmatterlittleiffarmingwaseasyandthepathstoproductivitywereobvious.Butinreality,agricultureisacomplexmixofmanyfactors,includingclimate,biology,chemistry,physics,economicsandculture—allofwhichvaryfromregiontoregion.Inthissituation,gooddataisnecessary.8.HowhasbigdatabenefitedAmerican'sfarmers?A.Byinformingthefarmerstoplantcropsearlier.B.Byhelpingmakefarmsmoreproductive.C.Byincreasingtheamountoflandforfarming.D.Byproducingmoreseedsandfertilizer.9.Whatdofarmersinpoorcountriesneedtoimprovetheirfarming?A.Farmingskills.B.Technicalguidance.C.Bigdata.D.Farmingmaterials10.WhydoesthewritermentionthecaseofEastAfrica?A.ToshowthatEastAfricareliesheavilyondiaryfarming.B.Toillustratecooperationbetweencountrieswasagreatsuccess.C.Toserveasanexampleofhowdatahelpsfarmersinpoorareas.D.ToprovethatcitypeopleinEastAfricadidn'tlikedrinkingmilk.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Manychangeablefactorshaveinfluenceonfarming.B.EastAfricandairyfarmerswereexperiencedinraisingcows.C.TheAmericanfarmerscan'tdecidewhattheywillplant.D.Thetechnicaladvisorsinpoorareasknowthelocalareaswell.DSmile!Itmakeseveryoneintheroomfeelbetterbecausethey,consciouslyorunconsciously,aresmilingwithyou.Growingevidenceshowsthataninstinctforfacialmimicry（模仿）allowsustoexperienceotherpeople'sfeelings.Ifwecan'tmirroranotherperson'sface,itlimitsourabilitytoreadandproperlyreacttotheirexpressions.AreviewofthisemotionalmirroringappearsonFebruary11inTrendsinCognitiveSciences.Intheirpaper,PaulaNiedenthalandAdrienneWood,socialpsychologistsattheUniversityof学科网（北京）股份有限公司

4Wisconsin,describehowpeopleinsocialsituationscopyothers'facialexpressionstocreateemotionalresponsesinthemselves.Forexample,ifyou'rewithafriendwholookssad,youmight"tryon"thatsadfaceyourselfwithoutrealizingyou'redoingso.In"tryingon"yourfriend'sexpression,ithelpsyoutorecognizewhatthey'refeelingbyconnectingitwithtimesinthepastwhenyoumadethatexpression.Humansgetthisemotionalmeaningfromfacialexpressionsinamatterofonlyafewhundredmilliseconds."Youreflectonyouremotionalfeelingsandthenyouproducesomesortofrecognitionjudgment,andthemostimportantthingthatresultsinisthatyoutaketheappropriateaction—youapproachthepersonoryouavoidtheperson,"Niedenthalsays."Yourownemotionalreactiontothefacechangesyourunderstandingofhowyouseethefaceinsuchawaythatprovidesyouwithmoreinformationaboutwhatitmeans."Aperson'sabilitytorecognizeand"share"others'emotionscanbepreventedwhentheycan'tmimicfaces.Thisisacommoncomplaintforpeoplewithmotordiseases,likefacialparalysis（瘫痪）fromastroke,orevenduetonervedamagefromplasticsurgery.Niedenthalnotesthatthesamewouldnotbetrueforpeoplewhosufferfrombirth,becauseifyou'veneverhadtheabilitytomimicfacialexpressions,youwillhavedevelopedanotherwaysofinterpretingemotions.Niedenthalnextwantstoexplorewhatpartinthebrainisfunctioningtohelpwithfacialexpressionrecognition.Abetterunderstandingofthatpart,shesays,willgiveusabetterideaofhowtotreatrelateddisorders.12.Accordingtothepassage,facialmimicryhelps_________A.conveyone'sownfeelingsclearlyBchangeothers'emotionsquicklyC.respondtoothers'expressionsproperlyD.developfriendshipwithotherseasily13.Whichpartsexplainhowpeoplecopyothers'facialexpressions?A.Paragraph1and2.B.Paragraph2and3.C.Paragraph3and4.D.Paragraph4and5.14.AccordingtoNiedenthal,whatwillbethenextfocusofthestudy?A.Whenisthebesttimetotreatbraindisorders.B.Howmanykindsoffacialexpressionspeoplehave.C.Howourbrainhelpsuswithemotionalmirroring.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

5D.Whatpartinthebrainhelpsrecognizefacialexpressions.15.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Todiscusswhypeoplelikesmilingtoothers.B.Todrawpeople'sattentiontothosewithmotordiseases.C.Tointroduceanewtrendinfacialexpressionrecognition.D.Toexplainhowpeoplemirrorothers'facialexpressions.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyou'vebeenfeelingalotsleepyinyourdailylife,herearesometipstopickingupyourenergylevels.Butfirst,youshouldmakesureifyou'reexperiencingsomeseriousillnesses.___16___,keepthesetipsinmind.Thefirstrecommendationistoexercise.Althoughitmayseemdifficulttoworkoutwhenyou'retired,itturnsoutthatphysicalactivitycanactuallygiveyoumoreenergy.Thesecondthingtoworkonistogotosleepearlyenoughtogetafullnight'ssleep,preferablysothatyouwakeupnaturallywithouttheneedforyouralarm.____17____.Thus,anotherusefultipistotakeanapduringtheafternoon.Napscanrestoreyourmindandbodywithouttakinguptoomuchtime,regainingyourenergyandraisingworkingefficiency.Thebestlengthoftimeforanapisabout20minutes.Shorter,andyouwon'tgetmuchoutofit.___18___.___19___.Drinkingplentyofwaterandfluidsthroughoutthedayisoneimportantwaytostayenergized,sincedehydration（脱水）leavesusinlowsprits.Someexpertssaythateatingsmallermealsmoreoftenthroughoutthedaycanhelpmaintainenergyandbalancebloodsugarlevels.Beawarealsothatpeoplewhoareoverweightaremorelikelytoexperiencetirednesseasily.___20___,reducingextraweightcouldhelpyougainmoreenergy.A.Ifyou'reoverweightB.IfyoufeeluncomfortableC.Asyouknow,itisquiteagoodhabitD.However,thisgoalishardtoachieveinpracticeE.longer,andyoumayfindithardertosleepatnightF.Ifyou'reotherwisehealthybutjustneedsomeextraenergyG.Otherwaystoincreaseenergyinvolveourdietandconsumption第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)学科网（北京）股份有限公司

6阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myjourneytoisolation(隔离)wassomewhataccidental.Isawanadvertisementforajobasaleaderforanexpedition(探险)toAntarctica-andIhaveto____21____itwasthepenguinintheadthat____22____myattention.Theadnotedthattheywerelookingforsomeonetoleada____23____ofexpeditionersinoneofthemost____24____andisolatedplacesontheplanet.Itookpartinan____25____andthengotajobthatIknewIwouldregretifIdidn’t____26____it.Leading18strangersforafullyear-throughmonthsofdarknessandwithno____27____fromthefreezingcold-----Ilearnedsome____28____lessons.Afterthejourney,Iwrotetwobest-sellingbooksandbecameamotivationalspeaker.BeinginisolationmeantIhadtodolotsofself____29____.Ikepta_____30_____,andeverydayIwouldthink_____31_____ofhowIhadoperatedasaleader.Thatdisciplineof_____32_____myselftaughtmehowtotellrightfromwrong.Ioftenthinkbackto_____33_____Isawthepictureofthepenguinthat_____34_____metolookattheadforthejob.It’samomentthat_____35_____mylifecompletely.21.A.admitB.believeC.indicateD.realize22A.demandedB.deservedC.caughtD.needed23.A.floodB.coupleC.teamD.handful24.A.awfulB.remoteC.promisingD.disturbing25.A.experimentB.interviewC.electionD.investigation26.A.makeforB.prepareforC.registerforD.gofor27.A.escapeB.departureC.protectionD.defence28.A.hardB.powerfulC.privateD.terrible29.A.serviceB.repairC.studyD.reflection30.A.petB.secretC.journalD.promise31.A.clearlyB.carefullyC.highlyD.badly32.A.evaluatingB.forgivingC.behavingD.enjoying33.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how34.A.enabledB.permittedC.allowedD.inspired35.A.improvedB.formedC.endedD.changed第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。学科网（北京）股份有限公司

7Differentplaceshavedifferentclimates.Adesert,forexample,____36____（refer）toasadryclimatebecauselittlewaterfallsduringtheyear.Inpolarregions,however,risingglobaltemperatures___37___（associate）withclimatechangemeanthaticesheetsandglaciersaremeltingatanacceleratedratefromseasontoseason.Thiscontributestosealevelrisein___38___（difference）regionsoftheplanet.Togetherwithexpandingoceanwatersduetorisingtemperatures,theriseinsealevelhasbeguntodamagecoastlines___39___aresultofincreasingflooding.Thecauseofcurrentclimatechangeislargelyhumanactivities,likeburningfossilfuels,___40___includenaturalgas,oil,andcoal.Burningthesematerials___41___（release）greenhousegasesintotheEarth’satmosphere.Thesegasestrapheatfromthesun'sraysinsidetheatmosphere,___42___（cause）theEarth'saveragetemperaturetorise.Thewarmingoftheplanetimpactslocaland____43____（region）climates.ThroughouttheEarth'shistory,climatehas___44___（continual）changed.Whenoccurringnaturally,thisis___45___slowprocessthathastakenplaceoverhundredsorthousandsofyears.Thehumaninfluencedclimatechangethatishappeningnowisoccurringatamuchfasterrate.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，正在英国Hogwarts高中交流学习，下周学业结束即将回国。请你写一篇发言稿在班里做一个简短的演讲，内容包括：1.表示感谢；2你的收获；3.你的期望。注意：词数不少于100；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。发言稿的开头已经给出。GoodmorningeveryoneinHogwartshighschool.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。WhenIwasachild,Ilivedinahousewithabeautifulgardenfullofallkindsofflowers,androseswerethemostbeautifulofthem.TherewasnothingIenjoyedmorethansittinginthegardenwithmymother,whoread学科网（北京）股份有限公司

8storiestome.WhenIwasinprimaryschoolandoldenoughtoread,Ienjoyedreadingstoriesaloudtoher.IwillneverforgetonedaywhenIwasinthethirdgrade.Ihadbeenpickedtobetheprincessintheschoolplay,andforweeksmymotherhadrehearsedmylinessohardwithme.ButnomatterhoweasilyIactedathome,assoonasIstepped,everyworddisappearedfrommyhead.Finally,myteachertookmeaside.Sheexplainedthatshehadwrittenanarrator(叙述者)’sparttotheplay,andaskedmetochangemyrole.Herword,kindlyexpressed,stillhurt,especiallywhenIsawmypartgotoanothergirl.Ididn'ttellmymotherwhathadhappenedwhenIwenthomeafterschoolthatday.Butshesensedmypain.Insteadofsuggestingwepracticemylines,sheaskedifIwantedtotakeawalkinthegarden.ItwasMayandroseswereblossomingand,underthetrees,wecouldalsoseeyellowdandelions(蒲公英)inthegrass,asifapainterhadpaintedourgardenwithred,yellowandgreen.Iwatchedmymothercasuallybenddownbyonedandelion.“IthinkI'mgoingtodigupalltheseweeds,”shesaid,pullingitupbyitsroots.“Fromnowon,we'llhaveonlyrosesinthisgarden.”“ButIlikedandelions,”Iprotested.“Allflowersarebeautiful—evendandelions.”Mymotherlookedatmeseriously.“Yes,everyflowerisbeautifulinitsownway,isn'tit?”sheaskedthoughtfully.Inodded,pleasedthatIhadwonherover.“Andthatistrueofpeopletoo,”sheadded.“Noteveryonecanbeaprincess,butthereisnoshameinthat.”Realizingthatshehadguessedmypain,IstartedtocryasItoldherwhathadhappened.Shelistenedandsmiledreassuringly.Paragraph1:“Butyoucanmakeagoodnarrator,”shesaid.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Aftertheplay,Itookhomethedandelion.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________学科网（北京）股份有限公司

9学科网（北京）股份有限公司