北京市昌平区2021-2022学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 Word版含解析

《北京市昌平区2021-2022学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 Word版含解析》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

昌平区2021—2022学年高二年级第二学期期末质量抽测英语试卷本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。DisappointmentisFollowedbyUnexpectedConnectionMydaughterwithhertwofriendsdrovetothenatureparkforahike.Onreturningtotheparkinglotafterthehike,they___1___,totheirdisappointment,thattheircarwindowswerebroken.Shatteredglasswaseverywhereandtheir___2___andiPadwerestolenfromthecar.Withoutasecondthought,theycalledthepolice.Thepolicetriedtheirbesttoinvestigate,hopingtofindsomeclues.Yetthemethodstheytriedweren’t___3___evenwhengiventhedevicelocationsviafindingapps.Thateveningmydaughtergota___4___fromaladyonsocialnetworks.Shesaidshehad___5___apureandabackpackonthestreetwithIDcardandcreditcardsinit.Wewerethinkingoverthe___6___ofthiscaller.Shehadcalledfromtheneighbouringcity.Mydaughterdecidedtocallherthenextdayandlearnmoreaboutherinsteadof___7___.Thenextdaywecalledherasplanned.It___8___thatladywasanelementaryschoolteacherandagreedtomeetmydaughteratapolicestation.Onarrival,thekindteachergavemydaughterallthebelongingsshehadfound.Thisteacherwasindeedpracticingwhatshe___9___!Whatanexampleshesettogooutofherwayfora___10___,tomaketheefforttoconnectandfollowthrough.1.A.consideredB.discoveredC.admittedD.ignored2.A.purseB.bookC.phoneD.computer3.A.importantB.necessaryC.helpfulD.powerful4.A.messageB.wayC.signD.chance5.A.inspectedB.lostC.thrownD.found6.A.targetB.determinationC.intentionD.ambition7.A.endingB.doubtingC.hopingD.following

18.A.turnedoutB.cameacrossC.cameoutD.turnedup9.A.mastersB.createsC.monitorsD.teaches10.A.volunteerB.partnerC.strangerD.friend【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.A5.D6.C7.B8.A9.D10.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要描写作者和女儿以及两个朋友去远足时，车窗被弄破，钱包和iPad被偷了，幸运的是，有位老师在路上找到并主动联系归还了。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：远足后回到停车场时，他们失望地发现车窗被打破了。A.considered考虑；B.discovered发现；C.admitted承认；D.ignored忽视。根据后文“totheirdisappointment,thattheircarwindowswerebroken”可知，他们失望地发现车窗被人弄坏了。故选B项。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到处都是碎玻璃，他们的钱包和iPad都从车里被偷了。A.purse钱包；B.book书；C.phone电话；D.computer电脑。根据后文“Shesaidshehad 5apureandabackpackonthestreetwithIDcardandcreditcardsinit.”可知，现金和ipad都不见了，故“钱包”符合语境。故选A项。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，即使通过查找应用程序获得设备位置，他们尝试的方法也没有帮助。A.important重要的；B.necessary必要的；C.helpful有帮助的；D.powerful有权利的。根据上文“Thepolicetriedtheirbesttoinvestigate,hopingtofindsomeclues. ”以及“Yetthemethodstheytriedweren't ”可知，警察尝试了很多方式都没有帮助。故选C项。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我女儿在社交网络上收到一位女士的留言。A.message消息；B.way方式；C.sign迹象；D.chance机会。根据后文“Wewerethinkingoverthe 6 ofthiscaller. ”可知，作者女儿在网上收到一条信息。故选A项。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说她在街上发现了一个纯咖啡和一个背包，里面有身份证和信用卡。A.inspected检查；B.lost失去；C.thrown丢；D.found发现。根据后文“Wewerethinkingoverthe 6 ofthiscaller. ”可知，这位打电话的人自称发现这些东西。故选D项。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在考虑这个来电者的意图。A.target目标；B.determination决心；C.intention意图；D.ambition追求。根据上文“fromaladyonsocialnetworks

2”可知，这是从陌生人的来电，所以要谨慎考虑。故选C项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我女儿决定第二天给她打电话，了解更多关于她的情况，而不是怀疑。A.ending结束；B.doubting怀疑；C.hoping希望；D.following跟随。根据上文“Mydaughterdecidedtocallherthenextdayandlearnmoreaboutherinsteadof ”可知，此时作者女儿决定放下防备心去打电话了解更多情况。故选B项。【8题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来，这位女士是一名小学老师，她同意在警察局接我女儿。A.turnedout结果是；B.cameacross遇到；C.cameout出版；D.turnedup出现。根据语境“It 8 thatladywasanelementaryschoolteacherandagreedtomeetmydaughteratapolicestation. ”可知，见面之后知道原来这位女士是一名小学老师。故选A项。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位老师确实在练习她教的东西。A.masters大师；B.creates创造；C.monitors监测；D.teaches教。根据上文“Onarrival,thekindteachergavemydaughterallthebelongingsshehadfound. ”可知，这位老师确实做到了表率，教育学生的道理自己也做到了。故选D项。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她为一个陌生人树立了一个多么好的榜样，努力与他人建立联系并坚持到底。A.volunteer志愿者；B.partner伙伴；C.stranger陌生人；D.friend朋友。根据上文“fromaladyonsocialnetworks”可知，他们此前并不认识。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Alotofmytimeisspentdoingwildlifesurveys,whichmeanstryingtofigureouthowmanyanimalsorfishareinacertainarea.Thisis___11___(hard)thanjustsimplycountingthembecauseanimalsarewellhiddenand___12___(frequent)moveinandoutofourstudyareas.Soweusevarioustechniques,likebandingbirdsandradio-trackingturtlestohelpusunderstandtheirhabits.Weuseallthisinformation___13___(help)managethesepopulations.【答案】11.harder12.frequently13.tohelp

3【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。在现代化技术的帮助下，人们追踪野生动物变得更简单了。【11题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：这比简单地计算它们要困难得多，因为动物都藏得很好，经常出入我们的研究区域。由空后than可知，空处需用形容词hard的比较级harder。故填harder。【12题详解】考查副词。句意：同上。修饰空后动词move需用副词frequently“经常地”。故填frequently。【13题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我们使用所有这些信息来帮助管理这些种群。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词use，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合句意和句子结构可知，空处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填tohelp。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Withmostofusleadingbusylives,theideaofvolunteeringmayseemlikeadaunting(艰巨的)task.Butinrecentyears,there___14___(be)asignificantincreaseinyouthsvolunteeringacrosstheglobe.InChina,youngpeoplearevolunteeringinareasranging___15___educationandsciencepopularizationtoanimalrescueandenvironmentalprotection.Doyouwanttobeoneofthose___16___serveothersanddogood?【答案】14.hasbeen15.from16.who##that【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了虽然人们的生活很忙碌而且从事志愿服务很不容易，但近年来，全球范围内从事志愿服务的人越来越多，在中国很多年轻人在做志愿者。【14题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但近年来，全球范围内从事志愿服务的青年人数显著增加。根据时间状语“inrecentyears”可知，句子使用现在完成时，“asignificantincrease”作主语，为单数意义，故填hasbeen。【15题详解】考查固定短语。句意：在中国，从教育科普到动物救助、环境保护等领域，年轻人在做志愿者。该处为固定短语rangefrom…to…，意为“在从……到……的范围内变化；从……到……（不等）”，故填from。

4【16题详解】考查定语从句。句意：你想成为服务他人并做好事的人之一吗？分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词those指人并在从句中作主语，因此使用关系代词who或者that引导定语从句。故填who/that。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TodayI___17___(stop)byaladywhoaskedmeifIcouldhelpherfindhermobilephone,whichshehadlost.Shelatertoldmethatshehadturned80thisyear.Ididmybest,___18___(search)inandaroundhercarandherbags.Ialsotriedcallingherphone.Unfortunately,wecouldnotfindit.Ikepthercompanyuntilshe___19___(calm)downandletherusemyphonetocallafriend.IfeltabitlikeIletherdown,___20___IhopeIwasabletoprovidealittlecomfortandcompanyduringherstressfultime.【答案】17.wasstopped18.searching19.calmed20.but【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者帮助一位女士找手机的故事。【17题详解】考查动词语态。句意：今天我被一位女士拦住，她问我能不能帮她找回她丢失的手机。stop停止，动词作谓语；由从句谓语动词asked可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时；结合空后“byalady”可知，空前主语是动作的承受者，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第一人称单数，所以空处be动词需用was。故填wasstopped。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我尽了最大的努力，在她的车里和周围以及她的包里搜寻。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词did，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；动词search与主句主语I之间是逻辑主谓关系，所以空处需用现在分词，作状语。故填searching。【19题详解】考查动词时态。句意：我一直陪着她，直到她冷静下来，让她用我的手机给朋友打电话。calm冷静，动词作谓语；由主句谓语动词kept可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填calmed。【20题详解】

5考查连词。句意：我觉得我有点让她失望了，但我希望我能在她紧张的时候提供一点安慰和陪伴。结合空前后句意可知，此处表示转折关系，需用转折连词but。故填but。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOurScienceCenterFieldTripisheretofillyourtimewithfunonlineandon-siteSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)programs.SciTechDaysSciTechDayswillbedeliveredononeFridayeachmonthforgrades6-12thisyear.YoucangototheScienceCentertodiscoverexcitingcareerpathswithinnovatorsinSTEMfieldsandinteractwithSTEMexperts.YoualsohavetheoptiontovirtuallybringtheScienceCentertoyou.TherecordedinterviewsofSTEMinnovatorsandexpertsareavailableonourofficialwebsite.Pricing:.$5perpersonperon-siteSciTechDay.Bundleoffouron-siteSciTechDays:$15totalforfourdaysperperson.freeforonlineSciTechDayExhibitExplorationsWithexhibittours,andliveinstructionfromourteamofscienceeducators,eachvirtualfieldtripexperienceispackedwiththeeducationalSTEMlessonsfoundineveryScienceCenterprogram—allstreameddirectlytoyou!Pricing:$3perpersonperexhibitionexplorationMakerWorkshops

6Theon-siteMakerWorkshopsgivesyoufromgrades6anduptheopportunitytoexperiencetheSTEMbasedmakermovement.Hereyoucantakeyourdesignsfromcomputerscreenstoroboticmachines.Hereyoulearnhowthecomputer-controlledmachineworldswhilefinishingyouruniqueprojects.Pricing:$8perpersonperMakerWorkshopSTEMAdventureYoucanenjoyanexcitingthemedlearningexperiencethatincludesaguidedexhibittourand30-minutehands-on,minds-onworkshop.Youcanlearnhowtocreatesustainableenergyandkeepdangerouschemicalsoutofyourenvironmentsandbodies!Trackhowplasticsflowintowaterwaysandlearnhowtopreventit.Thisprogramisforgrades1-5.Pricing:freeGiveusacallat812-637-6909!OurteamisavailableMonday-Friday9am-5pmtohelpyoubooktheprogramthatbestfitsyou.21.WhatcanwelearnaboutSciTechDaysactivities?A.Theyneedtobepurchasedeverymonth.B.Theyaresuitableforstudentsofallages.C.Theycanbeexperiencedmonthlythisyear.D.Theymakestudentsdecideonthefuturecareer.22.Forstudentsenjoyinghands-onactivitiesinGrade7,theymayprefer________.A.SciTechDaysB.ExhibitExplorationsC.MakerWorkshopsD.STEMAdventure23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toarousestudents'enthusiasmofscience.B.Torankthepopularactivitiesamongstudents.C.Tocallonstudentstoenrichtheirfreetime.D.ToattractstudentstoattendSTEMprograms.【答案】21.C22.C23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了为学生提供的STEM课程，包括科学、技术、工程和数学课程。

7【21题详解】细节理解题。根据SciTechDays部分的“SciTechDayswillbedeliveredononeFridayeachmonthforgrades6-12thisyear.（今年6至12年级的学生的科技日活动将在每个月的一个星期五举行。）”可知，学生可以每月体验一次今年的科技日活动。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据MakerWorkshops部分的“Theon-siteMakerWorkshopsgivesyoufromgrades6anduptheopportunitytoexperiencetheSTEMbasedmakermovement.（现场创客研讨会让6年级及以上的学生有机会体验基于STEM的创客活动。）”可知，对于7年级喜欢动手实践活动的学生，他们可能更喜欢MakerWorkshops（创客研讨会）。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“OurScienceCenterFieldTripisheretofillyourtimewithfunonlineandon-siteSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)programs.（我们的科学中心实地考察会在这里为你提供有趣的在线和现场的科学、技术、工程和数学课程。）”可知，文章的目的是吸引学生参加STEM课程。故选D项。BDuringmyearlychildhoodyears,IwouldspendtimewithmydadinAlabama,fishingandhikingthroughthewoods.ThisiswhereIfoundmyfirstboxturtlecrossingabusyroad.Irescuedtheanimaloutofharm’sway.Withoutmoneyforafter-schoolprogramsandsports,Iwouldspendmysparetimecatchingcrawfish,frogs,andmakinghome-madefishingpoles.Iwouldcatchsmallfish,puttheminbarrels,andusethemtocatchlargerfish,primarilysunfish,crappie,andcatfish.ImovedbacktoChicagointhe3rdgradeandbecamesaddenedthatIwasunabletoswimatlocalbeachesandeatfishthatwerecaughtfromLakeMichigan.WhenIstartedhavingbehavioralissuesinelementaryschool,myteacherswouldsendmetomyguidanceteacherDr.DeborahHawestodomathandscienceprojects.Iwouldintentionallydisrupt(扰乱)theclass,knowingthatIwouldgetsentdowntoherofficeforguidance.Dr.Haweswaspassionateaboutscienceandmath.Hergoalwastohelpeverystudentrealizetheimportanceofthesesubjects,andhowtheyrelatetoeverydayliving.Asaresult,shewasabletoconvincemetoparticipateinsciencefairprojectcompetitions.Surprisingly,Ididincrediblywellatthosecompetitionsandreceivednumerousawardsthroughoutthecityatlargercompetitions.Itwasafter8thgradethatDr.Hawesconvincedmetotransfertoanotherhighschoolwhich

8isfamousforitsagriculturalsciences.Thisbyfar,wasoneofthebestdecisionsIhaveevermadeinmylife.ItwaswhileattendingthishighschoolthatIbecameinterestedinthestudyofenvironmentalandanimalsciences.Mytimeherewaswhatstimulatedmyinterestinanimalscienceandconservationandmotivatedmetocontinuemyeducationinalocaltopuniversity,whereIwasawardedapartialscholarship.IcompletedaBachelorofSciencedegreeinAnimalSciencein2004.In2008,IearnedaMasterofSciencedegreewhileconductingresearchonturtlenests.Asagraduatestudentfrom2006to2008,Iguidedhighschoolandcollegestudentsbyhelpingthemdesignresearchprojectsfocusingonreptiles(爬行动物).In2009,IbecametheSavannaDistrictsfirst-everWildlifeBiologist.Iamstationedatoneofthemostvisitedrefuges(保护区)inthenation,whichattractsmillionsofhunters,fishermen,andotheroutdoorenthusiastsfromacrossthenation.24.Whatdoweknowaboutthewriter?A.Hegothisfirstboxturtleonthewayhome.B.Hefelttroubledbyhisbehavioralproblems.C.Heenjoyedtheoutdoortimeinearlychildhood.D.Herefusedtojoinafter-schoolactivitiesinAlabama.25.WhydidthewriterlikeDr.Hawes?A.Shefueledhispassionforscience.B.Shemadehimrealizetheimportanceofeducation.C.Shehelpedhimwinafullscholarship.D.Sheimprovedhisrelationshipwithotherteachers.26.Whichistherightorderoftheevents?a.Itransferredfrommyformerschool.b.Ihelpedstudentsdesignresearchprojects.c.IgottheBachelor'sDegreeinafamousuniversity.d.Iperformedwellinsciencefairprojectcompetitions.e.IbecametheSavannaDistrictsfirstWildlifeBiologist.A.adbceB.dabceC.adcbeD.dacbe27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Interestisthebestteacher.B.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.A【解析】【导语】

9这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“我”的求学和科研经历，霍斯博士点燃了“我”对科学的热情，在她的帮助下“我”逐步走向成功。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“ImovedbacktoChicagointhe3rdgradeandbecamesaddenedthatIwasunabletoswimatlocalbeachesandeatfishthatwerecaughtfromLakeMichigan.(我在三年级时搬回了芝加哥，并为我无法在当地的海滩游泳和吃从密歇根湖捕获的鱼而感到难过)”可知，他回忆起小时候在户外玩耍的时光时流露出了依依不舍，这说明他很享受童年时期的户外时光。故选C项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Iwouldintentionallydisrupttheclass,knowingthatIwouldgetsentdowntoherofficeforguidance.Dr.Haweswaspassionateaboutscienceandmath.Hergoalwastohelpeverystudentrealizetheimportanceofthesesubjects,andhowtheyrelatetoeverydayliving.Asaresult,shewasabletoconvincemetoparticipateinsciencefairprojectcompetitions.(我会故意扰乱课堂，知道我会被派到她的办公室寻求指导。霍斯博士对科学和数学充满热情。她的目标是帮助每个学生意识到这些科目的重要性，以及它们与日常生活的关系。结果，她能够说服我参加科学博览会的项目竞赛)”和第五段的“Surprisingly,Ididincrediblywellatthosecompetitionsandreceivednumerousawardsthroughoutthecityatlargercompetitions.(令人惊讶的是，我在这些比赛中表现得非常好，在全市范围内的大型比赛中获得了无数奖项)”以及下文作者喜欢环境和动物学推知，作者喜欢霍斯博士的原因是她激发了他对科学的热情。故选A项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段的“Itwasafter8thgradethatDr.Hawesconvincedmetotransfertoanotherhighschoolwhichisfamousforitsagriculturalsciences.(八年级之后，霍斯博士说服我转学到另一所以农业科学而闻名的高中)”可知，a中事情发生在作者离开霍斯博士所在学校之后；根据倒数第二段的“Asagraduatestudentfrom2006to2008,Iguidedhighschoolandcollegestudentsbyhelpingthemdesignresearchprojectsfocusingonreptiles.(2006年至2008年我研究生在读，指导高中生和大学生，帮助他们设计以爬行动物为重点的研究项目)”可知，b中事情发生的时间为2006年至2008年；根据倒数第二段的“IcompletedaBachelorofSciencedegreeinAnimalSciencein2004.(我于2004年获得了动物科学的理学学士学位)”可知，c中事情发生的时间为2004年；根据第六段的“Surprisingly,Ididincrediblywellatthosecompetitionsandreceivednumerousawardsthroughoutthecityatlargercompetitions.(令人惊讶的是，我在这些比赛中表现出色，并在整个城市的大型比赛中获得了无数的奖项)”可知，d中事情发生之时作者尚在霍斯博士所在学校就读；根据最后一段的“In2009,IbecametheSavannaDistrictsfirst-everWildlifeBiologist.(2009年，我成为稀树草原区首位野生动物生物学家)”可知，e中事情发生的时间为2009年。由以上可以判断出d的事情最先发生，然后是a

10的事情发生。剩下的三个可以通过时间来明确地做出判断，c为2004，b为2006-2008，e为2009，因此整体排序为：dacbe。故选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“ItwaswhileattendingthishighschoolthatIbecameinterestedinthestudyofenvironmentalandanimalsciences.Mytimeherewaswhatstimulatedmyinterestinanimalscienceandconservationandmotivatedmetocontinuemyeducationinalocaltopuniversity,whereIwasawardedapartialscholarship.(正是在上这所高中时，我对环境和动物科学的研究产生了兴趣。在这里的时光激发了我对环境科学和动物科学研究的兴趣，并促使我继续在当地一所顶尖大学接受教育，在那里我获得了部分奖学金)”和第3题的分析可知，作者对环境科学和动物科学的研究产生了兴趣，后来获得了动物科学的理学学士学位并在2009年成为了稀树草原区首位野生动物生物学家。由此可以判断出兴趣是最好的老师。故选A项。CIbetyourgrandparentsneverimaginedtheywouldseethedaywhentheycouldpluginacarlikealamp.Nomoresmellygasoline(汽油)!Nomorewastegasespollutingtheatmosphere!Onewaytoaddresstheclimatecrisis,wearetold,istoelectrifytransport.Thiswillremoveourdependenceonfossilfuelslikegasolinethatpollutetheatmosphereandtrapgreenhousegasesthatmakeourplanetwarmer.Currently,electricvehiclesmakeup2percentoftheglobalcarmarket.TheU.S.planstohaveatleasthalfofallvehiclessoldintheU.S.runcompletelyonelectricityby2035andstopmakinggas-poweredcarswithinthenext20years.However,electriccarsuse1-2kgofmagnets(磁体)topowerthemandeachofthesemagnetsusesspecialmaterials.Itturnsoutthatgettingtherequiredsuppliesisharderthanyouthink.Let’sfindoutwhy.Rareearthmetals(alsocalledRareEarthElementsorREEs)havestrongmagneticpropertiesthatmakethemidealforpoweringmanyofthedevicesweusetoday,suchassmartphones,computersandelectriccarbatteries.REEsaren’treallyrare,atleastnotinthewayyoumightthink.EventherarestREEis125timesmorecommonthangold!REEsare“rare”becausetheyaremostlyfoundonlyinsmallquantities.Generally,theyarefoundinarareigneousrock(火成岩)calledcarbonate(碳酸盐),whichcontains17minerals—whichmustallbeseparated.Theprocessishard,dirtyandcanbeveryexpensive.Keepinmind,however,thatproducingandprocessingaredifferentsteps.Producingistheactofminingmetals;processingistheactofseparatingtheminerals.ManycountriesminecarbonateincludingtheUnitedStates,Australia,BrazilandCanada.Chinaaloneproduces63percentofREEstoday,whichisdownfromahighof90percent!Chinanowcontrols85percentofREEsprocessing.ThatisbecausetheproducingcountriessendtheirREEstoChinaforprocessing.Electriccarsareincreasinginpopularitywithmanytraditionalcarcompaniesintroducingall-electricmodels.ThisswitchwillincreasethedemandforREEswhichispromptingcarcompaniestoworkdirectlywiththemines

11tosavecosts.Manypeoplestillhaveconcernsabouttheenvironmentaleffectsofincreasedmining.Thoughseveralcompaniesareworkingtogogreen,miningisknowntohaveahistorywithknowndangerssuchaspollutionandtheriskofdeadlyaccidents.Theminingofthesemetalsisevenknowntoproduceradioactive(放射性的)wastewater!Anewchapterinclimatehistoryispossibleifminingcanbedonesafely.Infewerthanahundredyears,mostcarsontheroadwilluseelectricityortwodifferenttypesofpower.Thetraditionalcars,harmfultotheenvironment,willbeathingofthepast.28.Whyisithardtogetrequiredsuppliesforelectriccars?A.Becausetheyarenotascommonasgold.B.Becausethestepofproducingisverydifficult.C.Becausetheyarealsousedinmanyotherfields.D.Becausetheyarehardtoseparatefromcarbonate.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TherearemorecountriesprocessingREEsthanminingthem.B.Electriccarsmaygetmorewidelyusedifminingcanbesafer.C.CarcompaniesprefertoseekprofessionalteamstomineREEs.D.Electriccarsaccountforalmosthalfoftheglobalcarmarketnow.30.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheChallengesofElectricCarsB.TheFutureofRareEarthMetalsC.TheHistoryofRareEarthMetalsD.TheDevelopmentofElectricCars【答案】28.D29.B30.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要描写电动汽车面临的挑战——供电所需的磁铁很难获得。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段，尤其是“Generally,theyarefoundinarareigneousrock(火成岩)calledcarbonate(碳酸盐),whichcontains17minerals—whichmustallbeseparated.Theprocessishard,dirtyandcanbeveryexpensive.”（一般来说，它们是在一种罕见的火成岩碳酸盐中发现的，碳酸盐中含有17种必须全部分离的矿物。这个过程很难、很脏，而且可能非常昂贵）可知，很难获得电动车所需的供应是因为合成供电磁铁的成分很难从碳酸盐中分解出来。故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Anewchapterinclimatehistoryispossibleifminingcanbedonesafely.In

12fewerthanahundredyears,mostcarsontheroadwilluseelectricityortwodifferenttypesofpower.Thetraditionalcars,harmfultotheenvironment,willbeathingofthepast.”（如果能够安全地进行采矿，气候历史就有可能翻开新的一页。在不到一百年的时间里，道路上的大多数汽车将使用电力或两种不同类型的电力。对环境有害的传统汽车将成为过去）可知，如果采矿更安全，电动汽车可能会得到更广泛的应用。故选B。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Itturnsoutthatgettingtherequiredsuppliesisharderthanyouthink.”（事实证明，获得所需物资比你想象的要难）以及倒数第二段“Thoughseveralcompaniesareworkingtogogreen,miningisknowntohaveahistorywithknowndangerssuchaspollutionandtheriskofdeadlyaccidents.Theminingofthesemetalsisevenknowntoproduceradioactive(放射性的)wastewater!”（虽然有几家公司正在努力实现绿色，但众所周知，采矿业有着污染和致命事故风险等已知危险的历史。开采这些金属甚至会产生放射性废水！）以及第一题解析可知，这篇文章主要描写电动汽车面临的挑战。A项“电动车面临的挑战”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选A。DTheterm“metaverse(元宇宙)”isthelatestpopularwordtocatchthetechindustry’simagination.NealStephensoncoinedthisterminhisnovelSnowCrash:“Inthelingo,thisimaginaryplaceisknownasthemetaverse.Hirospendsalotoftimeinthemetaverse.”Initscurrentmeaning,itgenerallyreferstotheconceptofaworldofendless,interconnectedvirtualcommunitieswherepeoplegathertosocialize,playandwork,usingVRheadsets,ARglasses,smartphoneappsorotherdevices.Itisa“virtualenvironment”youcangoinsideof—insteadofjustlookingatonascreen.Italsocouldbeagame-changerforthework-from-homeshiftduringtheCOVID-19epidemic.Insteadofseeingco-workersonavideocall,employeescouldjointheminavirtualoffice.Abigreasonwhymetaverseispopularwithyoungpeopleisthemorerealgamingexperience.Gamerswillfeelthattheythemselvesareplayinginanalternateworldratherthancontrollingagamecharacter.Thiscreatesareal-timeexperienceforalltheplayers.Inaddition,ithasmorefar-reachingsignificance.Someadvocatesbelievethatblockchain(区域链)technologyanddecentralized(分散式的)appswillbethekeystounlockingthenextbigstepforwardfortheWeb:themetaverse,aplacewhereAR,VR,next-generationdatanetworksanddecentralizedfinancingandpaymentsystemscontributetoamorerealisticdigitalworldwherepeoplecansocialize,workandtradedigitalgoods.Itisknownthatmanyproductsneedtobetestedanditcostsalot.Withmetaverse,thevariablesandenvironmentcanbechangedwithinthedigitalworldtoobtainmorecomprehensiveresultsandthenewproductwillbetestedwithminimumcost.Inthemedicalfield,usingmetaversepatientsjustdonothaveanyneedtovisit

13doctorsphysically.Theycanjustinteractwiththemfacetofaceinreal-timeinthedigitalworld.Additionally,thenewcomertomedicinecanlearnandpracticeinsidethealternateworldbygainingexperiencebeforetheycantakeonreal-worldtasks.MetaversebringsmanynewandadvancedtechnologiessuchasVRheadsets,blockchainandotherrequirements.However,everyindividualonthisplanetdoesnothaveaccesstoadvancedtechnologies.Forexample,fastInternetconnectivityisoneofthemandatory(强制性的)requirementsforparticipatinginthemetaverse.MajorityofpeopleworldwidecannotaccessfastInternetandcannotcapitalizeonthefullpotentialofthemetaverse.Furthermore,withtheobjectiveofintroducingimmersiveexperiencestousers,themetaversemakesthegapbetweenrealandvirtualworldslessclear.Italsobringsthepossibilitiesofinfluencingthewaysinwhichpeopleperceiverealrelationshipsandinteractions.Despitethearguing,metaverseisanewwindfallforthefuturedevelopmentoftheInternet.Thecompaniescanseizetheopportunitythatthemetaversepresentstoconnectwithaudiencesinwaysthatwereneverpossiblebeforeandprovideexcitingandmemorablebrandexperiences.31.TheauthormentionsNealStephenson’snoveltoshow________.AtheeffectofmetaverseB.theoriginofmetaverseC.thedefinitionofmetaverseD.thepopularityofmetaverse32.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph4?A.Toshowthepotentialofthemetaverse.B.Tostatethelimitationsoftheuseofmetaverse.C.Tointroducenewandadvancedtechnologies.D.Toteachhowtohaveaccesstoadvancedtechnologies.33.Whatcanweinferaboutmetaverse?A.Ithelpspeopledeveloprealrelationshipsandinteractions.B.Itprovidescheaperlaborcosttomakeproducttestingeasier.C.Itcanbeacceptedinmedicalfieldforitshelptodoctorsandpatients.D.Itiswelcomedbecausepeopleprefertocontrolacharacterinagame.34.Whatisauthor’sattitudetowardsmetaverse?A.Neutral.B.Approved.C.Opposed.D.Doubtful.【答案】31.B32.B33.C34.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了什么是元宇宙以及元宇宙存带来的好处和隐患。

14【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“NealStephensoncoinedthisterminhisnovelSnowCrash:'Inthelingo,thisimaginaryplaceisknownasthemetaverse.Hirospendsalotoftimeinthemetaverse.'(尼尔·斯蒂芬森在他的小说《雪花坠落》中创造了这个词：“在行话中，这个虚构的地方被称为元宇宙。Hiro花了很多时间在元宇宙中。”)”可知作者提到尼尔·斯蒂芬森的小说来展示metaverse的起源。故选B。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“However,everyindividualonthisplanetdoesnothaveaccesstoadvancedtechnologies.Forexample,fastInternetconnectivityisoneofthemandatory(强制性)requirementsforparticipatinginthemetaverse.MajorityofpeopleworldwidecannotaccessfastInternetandcannotcapitalizeonthefullpotentialofthemetaverse.Furthermore,withtheobjectiveofintroducingimmersiveexperiencestousers,themetaversemakesthegapbetweenrealandvirtualworldslessclear.Italsobringsthepossibilitiesofinfluencingthewaysinwhichpeopleperceiverealrelationshipsandinteractions.(然而，并不是这个星球上的每个人都有机会获得先进技术。例如，快速互联网连接是参与metaverse的强制性要求之一。全世界大多数人无法快手访问互联网，也无法充分利用metaverse的潜力。此外，为了向用户介绍身临其境的体验，metaverse使真实世界和虚拟世界之间的差距变得不那么明显。它还带来了影响人们感知真实关系和互动方式的可能性。)”可知第4段的目的是说明metaverse使用的局限性。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Inthemedicalfield,usingmetaversepatientsjustdonothaveanyneedtovisitdoctorsphysically.Theycanjustinteractwiththemfacetofaceinreal-timeinthedigitalworld.Additionally,thenewcomertomedicinecanlearnandpracticeinsidethealternateworldbygainingexperiencebeforetheycantakeonreal-worldtasks.(在医学领域，使用metaverse的患者根本不需要去看医生。他们可以在数字世界中与他们面对面地进行实时交互。此外，医学新手可以通过在另一个世界中学习和实践获得经验，然后承担实际任务。)”可知，由于元宇宙对医生和患者的帮助，它可以被医学界所接受。故选C。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despitethearguing,metaverseisanewwindfallforthefuturedevelopmentoftheInternet.Thecompaniescanseizetheopportunitythatthemetaversepresentstoconnectwithaudiencesinwaysthatwereneverpossiblebeforeandprovideexcitingandmemorablebrandexperiences.(尽管存在争议，metaverse是互联网未来发展的一笔新横财。这些公司可以抓住metaverse提供的机会，以前所未有的方式与观众沟通，并提供令人激动和难忘的品牌体验。)”可知作者对metaverse的态度是“赞成的”，即Approved。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

15根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。Thetelevisionthismorningwasdisplayingsomenewadventuremovieaboutthehuntforatreasureshipfullofgold.___35___Mostofmaincharactershavethedreamofbecominganovernightmillionaire.LaterinthedayIwasatthegasstationinlinetopayforafillingupmycarwhentheguyinfrontofmetradedahandfulofcashforahandfulofhopeintheformofLottotickets.Wheredidthisdesirefortreasurecomefrom?IknowImyselfamguiltyofit.AsaboyIwouldwalkinthewoodsanddaydreamoffindingburiedtreasurethere.ThenasanadultIwouldfantasizeaboutsomeunknownrelativeleavingmeafortuneorofmytwoself-publishedbooksbecomingbestsellers.___36___However,whenIseealltherichandfamouspeopleontelevisionIcanseethattheyaren’tthathappyandthattheyhavetheirownuniquesetofproblems.___37___Therereallyisatruetreasureouttherethatwillmakeourlivessomuchbetterandthemostamazingthingofallisthistreasureisabsolutelyfree.Thistreasureislove.Thereissomuchlovearoundusandwhenweinvitetheloveintoourheartsandliveswebecomerich,ourdaysarefilledwithsmiles,andourlivesarefullofjoy.Whenwehaveloveinsideus,theproblemsofthislifelosetheirpoweroverus.___38___Thenhowshallwelookfortreasure?Thetruetreasureoflifeisalreadyinsideofyou.___39___Andthefunnythingisthatthemoreyoushareitwithothers,themoreofityouhavewithinyourself.Embraceloveforyouthen.Shareitwiththeworld.Itisatreasurethatdoesnotdecayordisappear.Itisatreasurethatlastsforever.A.Whileourlivesmaynotbeperfect,wearehappy.B.Youjustneedtoopenthechestandspenditlikecrazy.C.Itdoesn’tnecessarilymeanweneedtodigholestofindtreasure.D.Maybetherealproblemisthatwearealllookingforthewrongtreasure.E.ItremindedmeofalltheothermoviesjustlikeitIhadseenovertheyears.F.Treasureisusuallydefinedasgatheredwealthintheformofmoneyorjewels.G.Perhapswealljustthinkthathavingalotofmoneywillsolveallofourproblems.【答案】35.E36.G37.D38.A39.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要说明了人们都认为有很多钱就能解决我们所有的问题，所以将金钱作为追寻的宝藏。但作者认为真正的宝藏是内心的爱。【35题详解】根据上文“Thetelevisionthismorningwasdisplayingsomenewadventuremovieaboutthehuntforatreasure

16shipfullofgold.(今天早上电视播放了一些新的冒险电影，是关于寻找装满金子的宝船的)”以及下文“Mostofmaincharactershavethedreamofbecominganovernightmillionaire.(大多数主角都梦想一夜成为百万富翁)”可知，本句应承上启下，说明这部电影带给作者的感受：让我想起了这么多年来我看过的所有其他电影。故E选项“它让我想起了这么多年来我看过的所有其他电影”符合语境，故选E。【36题详解】根据上文“Wheredidthisdesirefortreasurecomefrom?IknowImyselfamguiltyofit.AsaboyIwouldwalkinthewoodsanddaydreamoffindingburiedtreasurethere.ThenasanadultIwouldfantasizeaboutsomeunknownrelativeleavingmeafortuneorofmytwoself-publishedbooksbecomingbestsellers.(这种寻宝的欲望从何而来？我知道我自己也有罪。小时候，我常在树林里散步，幻想着在那里找到埋藏的宝藏。成年后，我会幻想某个不知名的亲戚给我留下一笔财富，或者我自己出版的两本书成为畅销书)”以及后文“However,whenIseealltherichandfamouspeopleontelevisionIcanseethattheyaren’tthathappyandthattheyhavetheirownuniquesetofproblems.(然而，当我在电视上看到所有的富人和名人时，我可以看到他们并不那么快乐，他们有自己独特的问题)”可知，后文提到富人和名人也有自己的问题，说明钱并不能解决所有问题，本句与后文构成转折，故G选项“也许我们都认为有很多钱就能解决我们所有的问题”符合语境，故选G。【37题详解】根据后文“Therereallyisatruetreasureouttherethatwillmakeourlivessomuchbetterandthemostamazingthingofallisthistreasureisabsolutelyfree.Thistreasureislove.(真的有一个真正的宝藏在那里，它会让我们的生活变得更好，最令人惊讶的是，这个宝藏是绝对免费的。这个宝藏就是爱)”可知，后文提到了真正的宝藏是爱，说明上文提到的将金钱作为宝藏是错误的，故D选项“也许真正的问题是我们都在寻找错误的宝藏”符合语境，故选D。【38题详解】根据上文“Thereissomuchlovearoundusandwhenweinvitetheloveintoourheartsandliveswebecomerich,ourdaysarefilledwithsmiles,andourlivesarefullofjoy.Whenwehaveloveinsideus,theproblemsofthislifelosetheirpoweroverus.(我们周围有太多的爱，当我们邀请爱进入我们的心和生活，我们变得丰富，我们的日子充满了微笑，我们的生活充满了欢乐。当我们心中有爱时，生活中的问题就会失去对我们的影响)”可知，上文提到生活中存在问题，即并不完美，但爱可以让人很幸福。故A选项“虽然我们的生活可能不完美，但我们很幸福”符合语境，故选A。【39题详解】根据上文“Thenhowshallwelookfortreasure?Thetruetreasureoflifeisalreadyinsideofyou.(那我们怎么找宝藏呢？真正的生命宝藏已经在你体内)”以及后文“Andthefunnythingisthatthemoreyoushareitwith

17others,themoreofityouhavewithinyourself.(有趣的是，你和别人分享的越多，你自己也会拥有越多)”可知，上文提到生命宝藏已经存在体内，后文提到和别人分享，即要打开心扉和他人共享宝藏。故B选项“你只需要打开心扉，疯狂地分享它”符合语境，故选B。第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AReflectionaboutChangeChangecanbeexcitingandhard.Itisalsoafactoflifeintheworldofeducation.Iamalibrarianatahighschool.Ihaveworkedasalibrarianforthepastelevenyears.Thisyearmyschoolisgoingthroughatremendoustransition.Thereisanewschoolbuildingbeingconstructedwithamid-yearmoveplanned.Additionally,duetosomerestructuring,Iamworkingwithanewteachingpartnerandtwonewgradelevels.Thisisallincrediblyexcitingbutalsobringsalevelofuncertaintytoo.Icouldlookatthisinanegativeway,butinstead,Iamgoingtofocusontheupsidetothistransition.SohereIsharesomewaysIamembracingthischange.Workingwithteachers,thatIhavenothadanopportunitytoworkwithbefore,willallowmetogainnewperspectivesabouttheneedsofthestudentsinmyschool.ThelibraryprogramhasbeensomethingIhaveworkedhardtobuildoverthepastnineyears.Iamveryclosetoit.Itwillbehelpfulforsomeonewhohasanoutsideperspectivetoaskquestionsaboutourpractices.Itwillallowmetoreflectonwhywedocertainthingsandwillmaketheprogrambettermovingforward.AsIgainnewperspectivesfrommycolleagues,Ialsohaveanopportunitytosharethemissionofthelibrary.IthasgivenmeachancetohighlightsomeofthegreatlessonsandprojectsIhavehadtheopportunitytobeapartofinthepast.IsthisahillIwanttodieon?ThisisaboutrecognizingthethingsthatIcanchangeandmakingthoseworkratherthanworryingaboutthingsthatIhavenocontrolover.Itisaboutnotsweatingthesmallstuff.IfIaskmyselfthisquestionandtheanswerisno,thenIhavetoletitgoandmoveon!Oneofmywonderfulcolleagues,CheriDobbs,toldmetogivemyselfpermissionforthingsnottobeperfect.Nextyearwillbeayearofgrowth.Thelibraryprogramwillnotbeexactlylikewhatwewantittobe.ThatisOK!Aslongaswestaytruetoourgoalsandsupportstudentsthebestwecan,thentherestwillcometogethereventually.40.Whatchangesarehappeningtotheauthorthisyear?41Whatwilltheauthorgetfromsomeonewhohasanoutsideperspective?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

18Todealwithchange,weshouldworkonthethingsthatwecanchangeandtryourbesttomakethethingswehavenocontroloverundercontrol.43.Besidestheopinionsmentionedinthepassage,whatareyourthoughtsonchange?(Inabout40words)【答案】40.Theauthorisworkingwithanewteachingpartnerandtwonewgradelevels.41.Theauthorwillreflectonwhyhe/shedoescertainthingsandwillmaketheprogrambettermovingforward.42.Todealwithchanges,weshouldworkonthethingsthatwecanchangeandtryourbesttomakethethingswehavenocontroloverundercontrol.Becausethereisnoneedtotryourbesttomakethethingsthatwehavenocontroloverandwe’dbettertodosomethingwithinourcontrol.43.Onepossibleversion:Changeisunavoidable.Acceptingchangeisnecessaryandvitalbecauseonlyinthiswaycanwemakefulluseofchange.Havingareasoningattitudetowardschangeisalsohelpful.Inthatcase,youcananalyzeitobjectivelyandcopewithitwisely.【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要描写作者关于变化的反思。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段“Additionally,duetosomerestructuring,Iamworkingwithanewteachingpartnerandtwonewgradelevels.”(此外，由于一些重组，我正在与一个新的教学伙伴一起工作，并且教两个新的年级。)可知，作者今年面临着新的工作调整，即正在与一个新的教学伙伴一起工作，教两个新的年级。故答案为Theauthorisworkingwithanewteachingpartnerandtwonewgradelevels.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段“Itwillallowmetoreflectonwhywedocertainthingsandwillmaketheprogrambettermovingforward.”(这将使我能够思考我们为什么要做某些事情，并将使该计划更好地向前推进。)可知，作者从这些人身上学到思考一些事情，更好地推进计划。故答案为Theauthorwillreflectonwhyhe/shedoescertainthingsandwillmaketheprogrambettermovingforward.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“ThisisaboutrecognizingthethingsthatIcanchangeandmakingthoseworkratherthanworryingaboutthingsthatIhavenocontrolover.”(这是关于认识到我可以改变的事情并使其发挥作用，而不是担心我无法控制的事情。)可知，我们不应该去担心我们无法掌控的的事，故“tryourbesttomakethethingswehavenocontroloverundercontrol”(尽最大努力使我们无法控制的事情得到控制。)部分有误。故答案为Todealwithchanges,weshouldworkonthethingsthatwecanchangeandtryourbesttomakethethingswehavenocontroloverundercontrol.Becausethereisnoneedtotryourbesttomakethethingsthatwehavenocontroloverandwe’dbettertodosomethingwithinourcontrol.

19【43题详解】开放题，答案不唯一。题干问的是除了文章中提到的观点，你对改变有什么看法？答案言之有理即可，参考答案：改变是不可避免的，接受变化是必要和重要的，因为只有这样我们才能充分利用变化。对变化持理性态度也很有帮助。在这种情况下，你可以客观地分析并明智地应对。Onepossibleversion：Changeisunavoidable.Acceptingchangeisnecessaryandvitalbecauseonlyinthiswaycanwemakefulluseofchange.Havingareasoningattitudetowardschangeisalsohelpful.Inthatcase,youcananalyzeitobjectivelyandcopewithitwisely.第二节（20分）44.假设你是红星中学的高二学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在做“中学生居家线上学习期间体育锻炼情况”的问卷调查，想了解你的情况。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.你每天体育锻炼情况；2.体育锻炼对你的好处。注意：1.词数不少于100；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,I’dliketoexpressmygratitudeforcaringaboutme.Sportsplayanimportantpartinourdailylife.Asforme,I’vehaddifferentsportsexperiences,whichcontributetowhatIamtoday.MypassionforbasketballwasfromJamesHarden.Itwashisgracefulmovesandjumpsthatmotivatedmeintobasketball.ImissthedayswhenIplayedbasketballwithmyteammates.Trainingsandmatchesshapemetobemorepersistentandwiser.Anothersportisswimming,whichhelpsmestayhealthyandinshape.I’vebeenswimmingforyears.EverytimeIfinishswimming,Ifeelrefreshedandenergetic.Allinall,myexperienceswithsportshavearousedmypotentialandgreatlyimpactedmylifeinmanyways.Ihopeyoucanalsokeepfitandenergetic.Yours,LiHua

20【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是红星中学的高二学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在做“中学生居家线上学习期间体育锻炼情况”的问卷调查，想了解你的情况。请你给他回复邮件。详解】1.词汇积累重要的：important→significant热情：passion→enthusiasm优美的：graceful→elegant影响：impact→affect2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Trainingsandmatchesshapemetobemorepersistentandwiser.拓展句：Becausetrainingsandmatchesshapeme,Ibecomemorepersistentandwiser.【点睛】[高分句型1]Asforme,I’vehaddifferentsportsexperiences,whichcontributetowhatIamtoday.(运用which引导非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Itwashisgracefulmovesandjumpsthatmotivatedmeintobasketball.(运用了强调句)

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