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2022-2023学年南师附中高三上学期期中考试英语试题第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AThisdocumentsetsoutthedisplaystandardsforGlasgowMuseums.Thisguidewillhelpexhibitionplannersprovideaccesstoexhibitionsinourmuseums.GlasgowMuseums’aimistoimproveaccesstocollectionsbyhavingasmanyitemsaspossibleondisplayandwithoutphysicalbarriers.Wealsotryoutbesttoprotecttheseobjectswithoutlimitingaccesstothem.ObjectPlacement·Don’tplaceobjectsinsuchawaythattheycouldpresentadangertovisitors·Allobjectdisplays,casedorotherwise,mustbeviewablebyall,includingpeoplewhoaresmallinfigureorinwheelchairs.OpenDisplay·Allobjectsonopendisplaymustbesecurefromtheftanddamage.·Allobjectsidentifiedforpotentialopendisplaymustbeviewedandagreedonanobject-to-objectbasisbytheSecurityManagerofthemuseum.RecommendationsDistanceRecommendeddistancetoplaceobjectsoutof“casualarm’slength”(takenfromtheedgeoftheobjecttotheedgeofanyproposedformofbarrier)700mm*Insomecases,600mmmaybeacceptable,providedtheplinthheightisabove350mm.CasedObjects·Allcaseddisplaysshouldfallwithinthegeneraloptimum（最优的）viewingbandof750-2000mm.Ensureeverythingisvisuallyaccessiblefromawheelchair.·Positionsmallobjectsorthosewithfinedetailinthefrontpartofacase,withlargeritemsbehind.·Positionsmallitemsorthosewithfinedetailnohigherthan1015mmfromfloorlevel.Objectsplaced
1abovethisheightareonlyseenfrombelowbypeopleinwheelchairsorpeoplewhoaresmallinfigure.1.Fromthispassage,wecanlearnthatGlasgowMuseums______.A.limitaccesstoexhibitionsonadailybasisB.aremostfamousforitslargecollectionC.makegenerousdonationstothedisabledD.valuetheexperiencesofallvisitors2.Accordingtotheguide,objectstobeplacedonopendisplaymust______.A.beequippedwithanti-theftsystemB.beviewedfromadistanceof700mmC.receiveapprovalfromthemuseumfirstD.fallwithinarms’reachofastandingman3.Amotherandher10-year-oldsonarelikelytobothfeelcomfortableinfrontofadiamondplacedinaglasscaseattheheightof______.A.1250mmB.950mmC.650mmD.450mmBInrecentyears,agrowingbodyofresearchhasshownthatourappetiteandfoodintakeareinfluencedbyalargenumberoffactorsbesidesourbiologicalneedforenergy,includingoureatingenvironmentandourperceptionofthefoodinfrontofus.Studieshaveshown.forinstance.thateatinginfrontoftheTV(orasimilardistraction)canincreasebothhungerandtheamountoffoodconsumed.Evensimplevisualcues,likeplatesizeandlighting,havebeenshowntoaffectportionsizeandconsumption.Anewstudysuggestedthatourshot-termmemoryalsomayplayaroleinappetite.Severalhoursafterameal,people’shungerlevelswerepredictednotbyhowmuchthey’deatenbutratherbyhowmuchfoodthey’dseenin
2frontofthem—inotherwords,howmuchtheyrememberedeating.Thisdifferencesuggeststhememoryofourpreviousmealmayhaveabiggerinfluenceonourappetitethantheactualsizeofthemeal.saysJeffreyM.Brunstrom,aprofessorofexperimentalpsychologyattheUniversityofBristol.“Hungerisn’tcontrolledsolelybythephysicalcharacteristicsofarecentmeal.Wehaveidentifiedanindependentroleformemoryforthatmeal.”Brunstromsays.“Thisshowsthattherelationshipbetweenhungerandfoodintakeismorecomplexthanwethought.”Thesefindingsechoearlierresearchthatsuggestsourperceptionoffoodcansometimestrickourbody’sresponsetothefooditself.Ina2011study,forinstance,peoplewhodrankthesame380-caloriemilkshakeontwoseparateoccasionsproduceddifferentlevelsofhunger-relatedhormones,dependingonwhethertheshake’slabelsaiditcontained620or140calories.Moreover,theparticipantsreportedfeelingfullerwhentheythoughtthey’dconsumedahigher-calorieshake.Whatdoesthismeansforoureatinghabits?Althoughithardlyseemspracticaltotrickourselvesintoeatingless,thenewfindingsdohighlightthebenefitsoffocusingonourfoodavoidingTVandmultitaskingwhileeating.4.whichofthefollowingaffectsourappetiteandfoodintakeaccordingtotheauthor?A.Whenweeatourmeals.B.Howfastweeatourmeals.C.Whatingredientsthefoodcontains.DHowweperceivethefoodweeat.5.Whatwouldhappenatmealtimeifyourememberedeatingalotinthepreviousmeal?A.Youwouldnotfeelsohungry.B.Youwouldhaveagoodappetite.C.Youwouldnotfeellikeeatingatall.D.Youwouldbemoreparticularaboutfood.6.Whichofthefollowingworksbestifweplantocontrolourappetite?A.Pickingdishesoftherightsize.B.Trickingourselvesintoeatingless.C.Choosingfoodwithfewercalories.D.Concentratingonfoodwhileeating.7.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Goodeatinghabitswillcontributetoourhealth.
3B.Psychologicalfactorsinfluenceourhungerlevels.C.Eatingdistractionsoftenaffectourfooddigestion.D.Ourfoodintakeisdeterminedbyourbiologicalneeds.CIfyoustartasentencewith,“IfIwereyou...”orfindyourselfscratchingyourheadoveradecisionwhentheansweriscrystal-clear,there’sascientificreasonbehindit.Ourowndecision-makingabilitiescanbecomeexhaustedoverthecourseofthedaycausingindecisionorpoorchoices,butchoosingonbehalfofsomeoneelseisanenjoyabletaskthatdoesn’tsufferthesamedifficulties.“Theproblemisdecisionfatigue,apsychologicalphenomenonthatcausesharmtothequalityofyourchoicesafteralongdayofdecisionmaking,”saysEvanPolman,aleadingpsychologist.Physiciansonthejobforseveralhours,forexample,aremorelikelytoprescribeantibiotics(抗生素)topatientswhenit’sunwisetodoso.“Presumablyit’sbecauseit’ssimpleandeasytowriteaprescriptionandconsiderapatientcaseclosedratherthaninvestigatefurther,”Polmansays.Butdecisionfatiguegoesawaywhenyouaremakingthedecisionforsomeoneelse.Whenpeopleimaginethemselvesasadvisers,theyfeellesstiredandrelylessondecisionshortcuts.“Bytakingupontheroleofadviserratherthandecisionmaker,onedoesnotsuffertheconsequencesofdecisionfatigue,”hesays.“Itisasifthereissomethingfunaboutmakingsomeoneelse’schoice.”“Gettinginputfromothersnotonlyoffersafreshperspectiveandthoughtprocess,itoftenalsoincludesriskierchoices.Whilethissoundsundesirable,itcanbequitegood.Whenpeopleexperiencedecisionfatigue,whentheyaretiredofmakingchoices,theyhaveatendencytochoosetogowithstatusquo,”saysPolman.“Butitcanbeproblematicsinceachangeinthecourseofactioncanbeimportantandleadtoapositiveoutcome.”Toachieveasuccessfuloutcomeorreward,somelevelofriskisalmostalwaysessential.“Peoplewhoaresusceptibletodecisionfatiguewilllikelychoosetodonothingoversomething,”hesays.“That’snottosayriskisalwaysgood,butitisrelatedtotakingaction,whereasdecisionfatigueassuredlyleadstoinactionandthepossiblechagrin(懊恼)ofadecisionmakerwhomightotherwisepreferanewcoursebutisunfortunatelyhindered.”“Justbecauseyoucanmakegoodchoicesforothersdoesn’tmeanyou’lldothesameforyourself,”Polmancautions.“Researchhasfoundthatwomennegotiatehighersalariesforothersthantheydoforthemselves,”hesays,addingthatpeopleslipinandoutofdecisionroles.8.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpeoplemakingdecisions?A.Theytendtomakedecisionsthewaytheythinkadvantageoustothem.B.Theymaybecomeexhaustedmakingtoomanydecisionsforthemselves.
4C.Theyshowconsiderabledifferencesintheirdecision-makingabilities.D.Theyaremorecautiousinmakingdecisionsforothersthanforthemselves.9.Whendopeoplefeellessdecisionfatigue?A.Whentheytakedecisionshortcuts.B.Whentheyhaveadviserstoturnto.C.Whentheyhavemajordecisionstomake.D.Whentheyhelpotherstomakedecisions.10.Whatarepeoplelikelytodowhendecisionfatiguesetsin?A.Theyavoidtryinganythingnew.B.Theyturntophysiciansforadvice.C.Theytendtomakeriskydecisions.D.Theyadoptatotallynewperspective.11.Whatdoesthepassagesayabouttakingsomeriskindecisionmaking?A.Itwillenablepeopletobemorecreative.B.Itwillmoreoftenthannotendinregret.C.Itisvitalforonetoreachthegoaldesired.D.Itislikelytobringaboutseriousconsequences.DIenjoythrowingstuffaway.I’dlovetogofullminimalism(极简主义),butmywifeandtwoteenagekidsdonotsharemydreamofahousewithalmostnothinginit.Ihavetried.Whenthekidswerelittle,Itaughtthemmytwofavoritegames–“DoWeNeedIt?”and“PutItinItsPlace”–andmadethemplayeveryfewmonths.Theirenthusiasmnevermatchedmine.IfI’mgoingtobehonest,myowntidyingskillsarenotasgreatasI’dlike.My“discarded”pileisneverquitethetrashmountainIwantbecauseImakeupexcusesforwhythingsareuseful.Iconsiderthisunhealthy.Iwanttobebetteratmovingon.So,thistimeIfoundhelp–theclassicsforpeoplelikeme:TheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,byMarieKondo.Kondo’scommitmenttohercraftisastonishing.Herphilosophyisonlytokeepthingsyoulove.CanIgofullKondo?Iwilltry.Onecentralideaistocleanbycategory.Youstartbycollectingallclothesandgatheringthemtogetherforconsideration.Itmakesyourethinkhowyouorganize.Next,holdeachitemandaskifitbringsyoujoy.Thiswayyou’rechoosingwhattokeep.Andthat’showIfindmyselfwithallmyclothesonmybedroomfloor.MywifewalksbyandgivesmealookthatsaysI’mnuts.She’sprobablynotwrong.
5Somewherenearthebottomofthischaosismyspecialjacket.Imovethroughthepile:pants,shirts,suitsandshoes.Thenmylastcategory:jackets.Ihaven’twornthethinginabout30years.Somehow,ithassurvived.NowthatI’mstrivingtofollowKondo–surely,itstimehascome?Iholditinmyhand.ThereisatearjustbelowthecollarthatwidensasIholdit.It’sliterallyfallingapart.WillIeverwearitagain?Notachance.Doesitfeelgoodtowear?Doesitbringmejoy?Actually,yes.Atthismoment,mydaughterwalksin.Sheasksaboutthejacket.Itellherthestory.ShethinksIshouldkeepit.It’scoolanduniqueandfullofmemories.Sheisarguingthatnostalgia(怀念)istheveryreason.I’mnotentirelyconvincedbymydaughter’sarguments.Ibelieveinlookingahead,notbackward.Nevertheless,sometimesit’shardtoletgo.SoIgentlyplacethejacketonthe“keep”pile.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”probablymeaninParagraph2?A.adjustedB.reservedC.abandonedD.tidied13.WhatdrivestheauthortoreadTheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp?A.Tolearnhowtocategorize.B.Toimprovehistidyingskills.C.Topersuadehisfamilymembers.D.Todeveloppassionforminimalism.14.Whatistheattitudeoftheauthor’sfamilymemberstowardminimalism?A.Theydon’tunderstandit.B.Theycompletelysupportit.C.Theyarestronglyopposedtoit.D.Theyarelesspassionateaboutit.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.KnowingwhentoletgoB.ClassifyingwhatyouloveC.Throwingworn-outclothesD.Keepingvaluablepossessions第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)Thereareonlyafewtrulypleasantsmellstowakeuptointhemorning.Itmightbethearomaoffreshlybakedbread,orthescentofyourfreshlybrushedteeth—butforme,it’sthesmelloffreshlybrewedcoffee.____16____Ifyou’reabigfanofcoffee,you’llunderstandthatopeninganewpacketofcoffeereleasesanamazingsmell—fresh,roastedcoffeebeans.Delicious!Andifyou’vegotanoseforthestuff,you’llbeabletoidentifythebeans’origin-Colombia,VietnamorBrazil—theworld’sbiggestcoffeeproducer.TimHaywardisafoodwriterandcoffeeshopowner.____17____“Whenyouwalkintothecoffeeshopinthemorningandthatsmellhitsyou,you’regettingphysiological(生理上的)responses,”hetoldtheBBC.IknowfromexperiencewhenIwalkintoacaféformydoubleespressoorflatwhite,mymouthbeginstowaterinanticipation.____18____However,thisfeelingsometimesturnstodisappointmentwhenIactuallystartdrinkingmyhotbeverage—the
6tastejustdoesn’tmatchthesmell..ThisisparticularlythecasewhenIorderacoffeetogoinatallpapercupandsiptheliquidthroughaholeinthelid.____19____TimHaywarddescribesthisprocessas“weird”and“baffling”.Hesays,“Youwalkintothecoffeeshop,yougetthesmell,butwhenyouactuallytakethedrinkout,youaredrinkingitfromsomethingthatisdesignedtodeliverthehotliquiddirectlypastyourtongue,butpreventanysmellcominguptoyournose.”____20____In2011,itwasestimatedthat2.5billioncoffeecupswerethrownawayeachyearintheUK,andthatfigureislikelytobehighernow.Somaybenowisthetimetoreallywakeupandsmellthecoffeebydrinkingfromacupormuginacafé,chattingwithfriendsandsavingtheplanet.A.Hebelievesthesmellisabsolutelyvital.B.Coffeebeans’originmakesallthedifference.C.Inaword,savingourplanetisonthetopofouragenda.D.Yes,it’sconvenient,butisitreallytherightwaytoappreciateit?E.Aswellaseliminatingthesmell,takeawaycoffeecupscreatealotofwaste.F.Althoughit’sthecaffeinehitI’mafter,it’sthesmellthatmakesmefeelgood.GJustasniffofitmakesmejumpoutofbedandrushtothekitchenforacoffee.第二部分：语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)IknewIwasnotsupposedtobequitesoexcited．Iwastoo____21____forthat.Atageeleven,theoldestandmymom’s“grownup”girl,Ihadtokeepmycalm.Iwasinmiddleschoolafterall.ButeverychanceIgot,whenIwas____22____,Icheckedeachpresentunderthetree.Ireadeverytag(标签)and____23____everypackage,guessingatthecontentswithin.IhadexaminedeachgiftsooftenthatIcouldtellwhichpresentwenttowhichperson____24____lookingatthetags.Ithadbeena(n)____25____yearformyfamily.Whenevermymomlookedoveratthetreeandscatteredpresents,shewouldsighandtellus,“Therewon’tbeasmuchforChristmasthisyear.Trynottobedisappointed.”Christmashad____26____abeenatimeformyparentstospoil(宠爱)us.Inyearspast,thepresentswouldoccupythelivingroom.Ihadheardthephrase“givingisbetterthanreceiving”,butgettingpresentswasthewhole____27____!ItwasthereasonIcouldn’tgotosleeponChristmasEve.OnChristmasmorning,weeagerlywaitedinthehallwayuntilDadtolduseverythingwasready.Werushedintothelivingroomandhadtowaitand____28____whileotherfamilymembersopenedtheirpresents,butasthetimepassedwelostour____29____.“Here’sanotheroneforyou,”saidMomasshehandedmeapackage.Ilookedatit,____30____.Havingspent
7somuchtimeexaminingthepresentsbeforeChristmas,I____31____thisone.Itwasformymom!Itwasablowdryer.____32____thismayseemonlyasimplegift,tomeitwassomuchmore.But,inmyworld,wherereceivingwasmoreimportantthangiving,mymom’sactofselflessnesswasdifficultto____33____.Ithoughtindisbeliefabouthowmuchmymommustlovemetodothat.IhavealwaysrememberedthatChristmaswithaffection.Asanadultwithchildren,Icannowseemymomwasfindinganevengreater____34____inherChristmasbecausegivingtrulyisbetterthanreceiving.Tome,Mymom’ssimpleact____35____theworld.21.A.busyB.shyC.oldD.simple22.A.aloneB.boredC.curiousD.energetic23.A.toreB.feltC.smeltD.held24.A.byB.withoutC.regardlessofD.insteadof25.A.goldenB.ordinaryC.toughD.peaceful26A.traditionallyB.graduallyC.additionallyD.confidentially27.A.planB.pointC.processD.picture28.A.watchB.screamC.complainD.laugh29.A.self-doubtB.self-confidenceC.self-controlD.self-support30.A.disappointedB.embarrassedC.stressedD.confused31.A.adoredB.recognizedC.ignoredD.claimed32.A.IfB.SinceC.UnlessD.While33.A.predictB.performC.understandD.confirm34.A.joyB.challengeC.influenceD.role35.A.meantB.savedC.helpedD.surprised第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Signlanguageisasystemofcommunicatingwithpeoplewhocannothear,byusinghandmovementsratherthanspokenwords._____36_____signlanguagesarethrivingshouldbewelcomedformanyreasons,includingthecognitivebenefitsthatlearningthem_____37_____(bring).Severalstudieshavefoundthatdeafpeoplewholearnsignlanguagesperformbetterintasks_____38_____(require)spatialtransformationabilitieswhichyoumightuse_____39_____youtakedowndirections.Spaceisanimportantpartofthegrammarofasignlanguage,withverbs,nounsandpronounsusingthespacein_____40_____theyarelocatedaspartoftheirmeaning.Learningasignlanguagecanbeenlightening(启迪心智的),too.Inayear-longstudyofpreschoolchildren,
8deafchildrenwhowerelearningASLattaineda_____41_____(great)appreciationofculturaldiversity,asdeterminedviaclassroomobservationsandinterviews.Signlanguagestodayarerichwithcommunitiesandculture.Upuntilthe1980s.manydeafpeople_____42_____(essential)hadtoexistinthe19thcentury:notelephones,noradio,notelevision.Butinmanycountries,socialclubs,networksandadvocacygroupsfordeafsignershavegivenriseto_____43_____diverserangeofvernaculars(本地话)._____44_____theinternetandsocialmediaplatformslikeInstagramandTikTok,content______45______(create)arenowsharingthesewiththeworld,bringingawarenessandrespect-andincreasedinterestinlearningtheselanguages.第三部分：写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter下周二要参加学校辩论队的面试，他来信征求你的建议。请你写封回信，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.提出建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。参考词汇：辩论队debateteam________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。IlovetoplaythepianoandIgreatlyenjoyperformingmysongs,sowhentheannualwinterrecitalwascanceled,Iwasdisappointed.Ihadlookedforwardtoitforalongtimeandhadalreadypreparedtwoofmybestsongs.Mymomhadawonderfulidea,however,toturnthisdisappointingletdownintosomethingworthwhile.
9“YoucanperformyoursongsatCarriageHouseSeniorLiving,”mymomsuggestedbrightly.“I’msuretheseniorstherewhodonothavefamiliesvisitthemthatoften,wouldreallyappreciatethemusicandyoucouldplaymorethanjusttwosongs.”Iimmediatelythoughtthiswasagreatidea.OneofthethingsIdidnotlikeabouttherecitalswasthatIwaslimitedtoplayingjustacoupleofsongs.PlayingthepianoatCarriageHouseseemedlikeawin-winsituationbecausenotonlywouldIgettoplaymoresongs,butIwouldalsohavethechancetocheeruptheresidentstherewithsomelivelytunes.MymomcalledCarriageHouseandmadearrangementsformetoperform.Inthecomingdays,IworkedespeciallyhardtopolishupfifteenpiecesthatIthoughtthecrowdwouldenjoy,includingmanyoldclassics.Whenthemuch-anticipateddayfinallyarrived,myfamilyandIdrovetoCarriageHouse.Walkingthroughtheenormousdoubledoors,westeppedintoanentrywaythatoverlookedthespaciousgranddiningroom.Rightattheentrancetothediningroomstoodthepianoasifitwerejustwaitingtomakesomemusictoliventheplaceupabit.Atnearlyeverytableseveralgray-hairedwomenormenwereseatedenjoyingtheirdinnerandthecompanythatthecrowdedroomprovided.Despitetheconversationsgoingonatvarioustablesthough,isolationhunglikeadarkcloudintheroom.Almostimmediately,weweregreetedbyanoldwomanwithawalkerwhointroducedherselfasPhyllisinchargeofCarriageHouse.Shewelcomedmeandledmetothestage.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AsIsatdownonthebench,Ipressedakeyonthepianoandwassurprisedtohearnosound.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________NervousnessmeltedawayandIstartedtoenjoytheperformancewiththeold.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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