何曼君高分子物理习题1~5

《何曼君高分子物理习题1~5》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

⚪1.1ᑖḄ᪀1.1.1᪀ᓫᐗḄᓄᡂ1-1
ᓄᔠᱥᜩᯠᑖᓄᔠᱥᔠᡂᑖᓄᔠᱥ(1)(2)PVC,(3)᪛ᾦ(4)(5)(6)(7)66,(8)PVAc,(9)(10)PS,(11)!(12)ᜩᯠ"#(13)$%&'((14))*,(15),-᪛ᾦ.:ᜩᯠ(1)(4)(5)(6)(9)(12)(14),ᔠᡂ(2)(3)(7)(8)(10)(11)(13)(15)1.1.2᪀11—223456$78'(9:ᨵ<=Ḅ᪀1Ꮇ@<ὃ⇋CDE᪀(GHE᪀IJK)஺.N$78'(9:ᨵ6OᨵPQ᪀RSTNজV1,4Wᡂ/VVV^CH2\^/CH2ZVVVVCH3/C=CஹHঝY1,4WᡂCH3/XXXCHVVVV2ঞ1,2Wᡂᐰ=Q᪀RzR

1(1)o1,2Wᡂp3,4WᡂᑏYr஺ᢥIUPACᨵtuvwxḄᨬz{ᑣ$78'(}ᑏᡂCHC3——H3-4HC=CHCH而不是4CCCH2-22341CH234ᓽCHᙠ2<ᙠ3஺3(2)“V1,4Wᡂᑖᡂᐰ=e=OY1,4Wᡂᑖᡂᐰ=e=O஺”V1,4ᡈY1,4E᪀xᨵ<{ᨵᐝ7᪀R஺ᵬpCᡂ120஺=ᙠ☢஺1—3,-,$ᔠ9ᑮ<=Q᪀Ḅ$ᔠᱥ(¢Pஹᐰ=ஹe=)2ᑏHSTḄQ᪀Ḅ<=¤ᜧ¦⚜¨ST$ᔠᱥឋ:ᔜ«ᩭ᪵Ḅ¯°±.N$,-ḄE᪀²᝞N-(•CH2—CH—஺*´ᙠ—.<{(ᨵ·¸Ḅ)¹ᨵ
ᐰ=ஹe=¢PQ᪀R஺c比HcHIHC—IH3\H—c—OHT3/CCIOCF—H3/C\O/I'C/\I—\O/Ic/\C—CH—IHHI——HHHHHcHcHIHH—IH3\HH—ঝ间同c—OICcIOIC/\O/IH3\C/\c/—\O/IC/\c/—H—IHHIIHH—CHCH3H3CHHHIH3\Hc—IHCIঞ无规C—OIH3/CCIO—H3/C\/I/\—\/I\/\I\O/OCCOcCH——HCI—HIH3HHHHឋ:Ḅ¯°Nᐰ=ᡈe=Q᪀᧕EᨔᰚÂᩞᧇᨵ@ÅÆÇᐸxᐰ=Q᪀ḄEᨔÆஹᰚÂஹÅÆÉÊe=Q᪀ᶍÂ஺¢PQ᪀

2.3415ᐰ=Q᪀N425ᐰ=Q᪀Ç435e=Q᪀Ç445¢PQ᪀஺fg┯iᑖ᪆N“415425ᙳ$Ç435ìíᐳ$N445¢Pᐳ$஺”Õïo᪀1pᐳ$ðᑡñÚò஺1-5¨óᙠ☢ôõ6e=ᐰ=PVCéxᨬö÷Ḅ%{ḄxøâeḄùú஺%{Ḅüýþÿ0.362nm,
ᑮᐵᐰPVCḄ᪀PVCa

!"Ḅ#☢%&(b
)*ᔣ%&x=0.251nm,y=2bsin஺b=0.177nm,^~109.572,./y=0.289nmo01234Ḅ56xV
,=0.383nm஺ᐰ᪀PVC,234Ḅ56x=0.251nm஺./#☢PVC789:ᐰ᪀Ḅ஺;1—6ᑏ=ᵫ?@ḄABCH—CH=CH—CH=CH—COOCH33CDEFGᑮḄEᔠᱥJKὃ⇋ᓫOḄ1,4PDᡂRᓫOᜮPTUVᑣᳮYZ9ᨵ\]O^᪀ᓫOC1,4PDE_`Kὃ⇋ᓫOḄᜮPTUV9ᑮa☢ᙠP1᪀ᓫᐗdeᨵf18ghḄEᔠᱥCOOCHCHCOOCH333ᓽeᨵ0]8g34RP1PjkᳮYZ9ᨵ8]ᐹᨵfmᨵn᪀ḄEᔠᱥ஺

3COORZCOOR'COOR'(g)(h)o1-5fmᨵn᪀ḄEᔠᱥ(a)Fp---rfmᐰ᪀(trans-erythrotriisotactic)(b)sp---rfmᐰ᪀(cis-erythrotriisotactic)(c)Fp---trfmᐰ᪀(trans—threotriisotactic)(d)sp---trfmᐰ᪀(cis-threotriisotactic)(e)Fp---trfm᪀(trans-threoytrisyndiotactic)(f)sp---trfm᪀(cisthreotrisyndiotactic)(g)Fp---rfm᪀(trans-erythreoytrisyndiotactic)(h)sp---rfm᪀(cis-erythreotrisyndiotactic);1-7uEvAB;wxPy᪀({|᪀)EᔠᱥឋḄᓫOvABEᔠᵫ1,2Dᡂ1,4DᡂḄ8ᡠu9ᑮ0EfCH-CHi2nᔠᱥ஺P:E1,2.vABp:CH=CH?.P:E1,4.vABp:noP9ᙠO^᪀᝞

4ᐰ89-CH2-CH-CH2-CH-CH2-CH->^^1,2:;^^1,2-:;9/C=C\'I1,4.:;9wj%/C\/C^ZC^c14:;<ᵫPy᪀8E᝱᪀8.ឋ8஺ᐸdspE1,4-vABn᦮ឋ8᧕ᨔa:Ḅ¡ឋO9¢£¤ᵨ஺ᐸ¦f]ᵫ᪀n᦮᧕ᨔ,¨Eᔠᱥ¡ឋ©ᡈᜫ¬¡ឋ8᧕¢£¤ᵨᐸឋ®¯⊤1-1஺⊤1-1EvABḄᱥᳮឋ±^᪀²ᑖᰚh(C)¶·¸ឋ(¹¸P½ᱥឋ(¾¡ឋ4(g/cm3)ᑺ»»20࠷90࠷ᐰE1,2-120µ1250.96¼ÀÁ,ᨔ45µ5590µ92vABឋE1,2-154µ1550.96¼ÀÁ,ᨔvABឋspE1,4-41.01᧕88µ9092µ95vABÀ¡ឋFpE1,4-135µ1481.02¼ÀÁ,ᨔ75µ8090µ93vABឋ1.1.3kV᪀RᐳEÃᑡ;1-8ᙠEÅB⏣PVA
¸ÇdDᐭHIO4,Ꮇ1ஹ2—ÅA⏣᪀ᐰHQ¢ᵨ¨ᑖ4ÌÍ.ᙠDᐭÎÏPVAḄᦪᙳUᑖ4±35000,¢ᵨ_Uᑖ4±2200஺ÒÓPVAdᜮᜮUV᪀ḄÔᑖᦪ(ᓽ1001᪀ᓫᐗdᜮᜮ᪀ᦪ»஺35000#ᙳ᪷ZᜮPᜮ᪀ᦪ}ᰦBᵨ8%ᜮPᜮ᪀Ôᑖᦪ---------------------------#ᙳ᪷Ḅ⁚ᦪ-----------144×Ø-1:.ÌÍP1ᜮPᜮ᪀ÙÚÛ0Ü:ᜮPᜮ᪀ᦪÝ:Þᦪß1஺ᑖàḄ“P1”9uâᶍ.⁚Ýᦪäᜧæᑖ4Ḅ“P1”89âᶍ.ÝᐳKᨵ16Ü஺

5;1-9E2ÅBᵨéêᙠAëìíd¾îᜐᳮðñᨵ86%õöḄ2÷ῃ◀Úᱥdᨵíúû᪀/C=C᪀7þÿ
ᓫḄ.ᜮḄᓫᐗῃ◀C1!ᡂ#$%&᪀()ᜮᜮḄᓫᐗῃ◀CI!ᡂ+஺ᡠ./ᓫᐰ12ᜮ஺31-109:CH2=C—CbḄᐳᱥ,Cῃ◀HC19D,6ᱥᨵC1C1C1C1EᐸG3ᜧI210110PQRSᵫ.U
VWXYᓫᙠᐳᱥḄ[ᑡᑖ^_JᑮLM&NOWXYᓫᙠᐳᱥḄ᣸ᑡᨵaYbcP2dᓄfghὃ⇋kᓫᐗS:CIHC^=9H+H2C^=C2CICI(V)(D)(1)V——V——V-Aফ--------D——V——V-V——D——V(3)-------D——D——V--------V——D——DD——V——D(4)D——DD——WaY᣸ᑡḄD6ᱥᑖuv2প--------C——c---------C---------Cc--------CH——CCH——CHHC-Iফ-一C-C-C-CC-----CICCI--------C^=CH——C^=CH——C---------HHH

6-3HC1)
xJᑮḄD6ᱥyᡂz:_gᐳᱥ{⌕2—v-v—V—……-D-D-D—……Ḅ}~᣸ᑡ)᝞(2)ᡈ(3)bcḄ⁚஺31-11ᨵᐰ᪀9᪀XY$2ᐸᓫ[ᐜᑖuXY$ᓄᑴ&᪀ᓫᐗᙳᐭC1ῃ◀HCLDᡂ#,ᑣ_JᑮᔜY.¡D⁐£ᑖ᪆J¥ᐰ᪀ḄD¦ᱏ1,2,4kᵬ/1,3,5kᵬ=2.5/97.5()᪀ᱥḄD¦ᱏWG329.5/90.5஺©ᵫ.U
xᦪ«¬WXY$ᜧᑖḄᓫ[஺ᵨ31—7Ḅ¯CH2=CH+CH=CHII2CHCH33ABkᓫᐗyA—A-A—ᡈB—B—B—ᙳ#ᓄJ1,3,5kᵬ()ᐸ°kᓫᐗyA-A-B-,-B-A-A-,-A-B-A-,-B-B-A,-B-A-B—ᙳ#ᓄJ1,2,4kᵬ஺ᡠ.&Nz᪀$ᓫᜮᜮ᳛29.5%(ᐰ᪀$ᓫᜮᜮ᳛22.5%஺31—12XYᓫAஹB.E᥅´Rᐳᵨµ⊤·kYᨵ⊤ឋḄᐳᱥ஺¹-ABABABAB—(-AABABBBA-(—AAAA-BBBBB-.......

71.2ᑖḄD᪀1.2.1᪀º31—13(1)ᵫ$JᑮḄᐰ᪀$ᨵ»ᐝឋO(2)Ꮇ¾$ḄE¿ÀÁÂÀÂᵨᦋÄ᪀ºḄůÆÁE¿O(1)»ᐝឋ஺(2)ÀÂ஺ÆÁ$ḄE¿ÇᦋÄ᪀È)ᦋÄ᪀ÈÉᦋÄ᪀ºḄ¯᪷ËÀ஺᪀ºzÌÍᓫᑁ»ÏᡠfḄ᣸ᑡÄᓄᦋÄ᪀ºh◤ÑÒᓫᑁ»ÏÓᚠᓽ_
Ö()ᦋÄ᪀È×ÇCØᓄÙḄDÚÂ
Ö஺31-14ÖᨵaYÛÁᑖÜᐸYÁᑖzᵫ¾Ý(C)9Þ(T)Ḅ᪀ºᢥáᑡaYḄ(a)T—T—T—T—T((b)T—C—C—C—T((c)C—C—C—C—C((d)T—T—C—T—T.©åæUçaYÁᑖḄ!è·éµ(GêëìíîïḄð¿ᜧñ஺প&᪀òóíîïòñ஺ôé
▭U᪀ºzÁÂR᪀ºzÀöḄᔠᱥøùÂRêúḄÞ9û(ᒹýþû9ÿ
)᪀⚪ᙠᵨ

஺1—15ᑖ2"#$3"#&'Ḅ)*+ᜐ-
$.
᪀/Ḅᨬ123஺45(a)
᪀8#9:;☢Ḅ=>ᔣ@AḄB஺A$BᑖE⊤;☢GHI$JKL)*ᙠ;☢MḄᢗOᎷQRKL)Sᙠ☠UVὅḄHI஺XCzA=CB=ICHCOS(d/2),GD=hsin(e/2),CD=hcos(h/2)஺h33

8ijk☢lḄᜳn1c”$hC-Hr$C-CrḄst஺ᑣAB
᪀/H?$wḄᨬ123஺AB=yl(CD)2+(CD+2CA)2=0.249nm232(b).
᪀/GFrKL)*Hz$&᪀ᡂḄ;☢G$CᙠRL;☢M஺ᑣAB.
᪀/$wḄᨬ123஺AB=Ice-21aicos0,-0.227nm1-16U&ᵨ$&ᵨḄᑖḄ᪀ᨵO45ᡠ“U”$“”i᪷ᜧᑖḄᔣᩭᑖḄ¡¢£¤¥¦MḄ$U஺§¨Mᓽªiᑖs&2«Ḅ⁚ᵫ-¯ᓫrḄᑁ²³´ᙠ£¤¥¦M&☠Ḅ«U஺ᑖ⁚¢rᔠ*¦Ḅ&ᵨHHU&ᵨ¯⌕⊤·¸¹᝞HHIIC-CI—HHKLC*MḄH*KLH*Ḅ¼½¾¿À$0.240nm,+KLH*
᪀/ᐸ¦Ḅ230.247nm,ᜐ-.
᪀/0.226nm஺XÂH*¦Ḅ&ᵨ¯⌕⊤·¸¹Ã-ᐸ¢rᔠ*¦Äi᝞Â஺U&᣸¸ᵨḄÆᙠªÇ¨▭ᑖḄᑁ²³ÉʪÀᙠ¥¦ËÌᨵḄ᪀ᦪ1-Îᵫᑁ²³ḄÏÐ஺ÉÊtÑᜧ᪀ᦪÒÑÓᑖḄÔឋÒÑ1஺&ᵨ˸¹ËÖ¹஺+ᜧᑖ&2×Ḅ*ᡈ*Ùᵫ-ᓫrḄᑁ²³˪ᐸ¦Ḅ231-¼½23´⊤·¸¹ᜧ-¼½23Ö¹஺ÚÛÜݹSªᑁ²³ÉÊ,᪀ᦪÞÓÔឋßàáâ2ãᜧ஺ᑖᓰᨵlåæὶ$)rèSé-&ᵨ஺1.2.2ᙳáâ21-17C-Cr/=1.54xl()T°”?,ïðᔠt1000ḄÎᵫñᔠḄò2)%஺45)=஻/2,õ=487x10-%?1—18Ḅ÷ø᡽ᜧ10úᑣðᔠt◤᡽ᜧüÓú45ᡠýðᔠtþ᡽ᜧio஺ú஺1—19Úÿ
nὃ⇋ᡂ஻]஻2A,஽ḄᙢB,%ḄᙢC(AC2)=(AB2)+ீ3C2)AB,AC,BCḄ,(ு"#$ᙳ&஺()={BC2]=nl2,[AC2)=nl22*஻=஻]+%ᡠ./஺

901—204567ᐹᨵ:;ᓫ=Ḅᑖ?Ḅ@ᵫBCᙳDEFGH.ᎷK=L0.154nm,=P10928஺#STU&(V)WXYZ[ᐭh}=2nl2#S).r()h~=/"]+/[4+13+11/4+/15+6++2,2+2,3+24+25+2,6+161T+6,2+6,3+6,4+6,5+6,6ll222=,"2=/cos஺ll=I2cos20,/)/=I2cos30....}34Z/=/2cos^,ZZ=Z2cos2^...2324h2=6/24-2/2[cos^+cos20+cos30+cos40+cos50+cos0+cos20+cos30+cos40+cos0+cos20+cos30+cos6+cos20+cos஺]=6/2+2-(5cos஺+4cos26+3cos36+2cos4e+cosஹ6)jcos6x%[ᐭk=6x0.1542+2x0.1542x2.251=0.1423+0.1068=0.249nm2mnoSpqYZ[ᐭ)1+cos02cos6(1-cos஻e)h2=l2n1-cos஺(1-cos^)2=0.1542X(12-1.498)=0.249nm2st⚪WXYZ[ᐭ/l1=2/2#S*wH67xyz{ᎷK஻-8,s|}=6,wHWXᡂ~஺01—21#S|ᑖ?106Ḅᑖ?ḄᙳD᪷EF.(1)ᎷK@ᵫᔣ(ᓽ@ᵫᔠ).(2)ᎷKᙠK┵P@ᵫBC.()n=2X106/i04=192311=0.154nm(1)=«/2=19231x0.1542(/?)=4nl=21AnmTT~,l+cos^c,2(2)h~.=nl2~-------«2nl~fJ1-COS0==30.2஻஻

1001—22{ᑖ?z=Pᜧ}90°,Kឋᙢ¢£@ᵫBCḄᙳDEF¤=PḄᐵ¦஺()|}@ᵫBC⌆=¨2ltcos6©0=180஺=Pªf-r1-cos஺©1ª=P®}90°¯஺=90°,cos0=0%=஻2=%°±@ᵫᔠq$ᙳ=P90஺Ḅ@²BC஺©2ª=P®}180°¯஺=0,cos0=1hf.r=00³q´YḄµ¶஺©3ª=Pᙠ90°~180°¯¸=PḄ¹º஺»¼cos஺¹ᜧ¸¹ᜧ஺³qᵫ}ᜧḄ=P½W᧕¿À»/ÁÂÃ஺VÄ)t⚪Å°.ᵨ⌆=/1n£°sa©Hz)a=Pª¢£ɯaḄ»ᓄDᔣ1+cosa¤஺Ë©*qÌ⊡Pªs¢£ÎÏ஺01—23ᎷKḄᔠÐ2000,=P109.5°,Ñ´YḄLÐLmax¤@ᵫBCḄ᪷ᙳDEF&஺Óᵫᑖ?¿ÀÔ(ÕÖ×ᑖ?ᩞᧇᙠ᜜TÛᵨÜ°.ÝÞßᜧ»Ḅ*஺()|}Jᓱªâ+%-=.n=2X2000=4000©ãäᙢåæ3999ªᡠ.4x/©çF=ᦈ=éê=365°±ᑖ?ᙠ뵶ÜqᔁíḄᙠ᜜TÛᵨÜî¿ÀḄÎq½ᑖ?ï}´ð஺}qÖ×ᑖ?ᩞᧇᙠ᜜TÛᵨÜ°.ÝÞßᜧ»ᳮ£ᔠÐ2000Ḅòᐰ´ð°»36.5ô஺VÄ)GHzḄn=ᦪöWqᔠÐt⚪zn4000,öWq2000஺01-24ீCOS9ª=0¯Ḅ@ᵫBCḄ©ª¤úḄᜧûüᎷKcos஺=1/3o()(cosý=0¯@ᵫBCḄþT2)-[2(1+cos^)/(1-cosnúḄ62ª0=஻/2

11ᡠ.ீÿ/W=(1+cos6)/(1-cos6)=21-25(1)ᑖ280000ḄᑖḄ!ᵫ#$%Ḅᙳ'()*஺,-0.154nm,,3109.5°6(2)ᵨᐝᦣ:;<=ᙠ஺?ᑺABC᪵EḄ%ᙳ'᪷()56.7nm,HឋJK6(3)ᵫ!ᵫ#$%Ḅᙳ'()*Mᙳ'#$NO஺PQ(1)/=2X2X10000X1.542=949nnT‘/—2—23.84ফcr=/i1h0frT177,(3)52=-/?=158nm-61-26VWXY!ᵫ#$%Zᐸ()*\]GaussᑖabᦪZdefC—C,-0.154nm,,3109.5°,iMQ(1)ᔠk5XIO,ḄḄnᙳ()*ஹᙳ'()*pᨬrs()*;(2)()*ᙠ±Inmp±10nmᜐḄw᳛yzᜧ.Pপᡂ;~21-COSG(Qa,3Z஺,3Ḅ⊡3)1+cosa1-cosl09.5=2(5X104)X0.1542Xl+cosl09.5=4.7xl03(nm)2ᡈ=68.6/I/72ফᵫco(h)dh=exp(-/32h2)40dh3--377±1஻,(=3.5xl01nm")co(ilOnm)=3.7xl0-5(nm")ᓽᙠ±10nmᜐḄs᳛Jᙠ±InmᜐḄw᳛ᜧ஺

121—27M=250000g-mo[TḄ%Ḅᙳ'᪷()*ZᎷᦔ!ᵫᔠ%Z%-18.5zC-C,஺PQzCH2Ḅᑖ14g-moZ%ᦪn஺2.5X105/(14X18.5)=9.65X102%-L18.5bsin6/2,£A6=109.5°,b=0.154nm,ᡠl=2.33nme—[(h2)5=leH=72.4nm1-28iJ¦§ᑡ©ᑖ%.ª,ᦪᑖ«n=100pn=1000¬Ḅᨬᜧ®¯ᦪ;(1)°±©ᑖ%6(2),30Ḅ!ᵫ#$%Q(3)%Zef§ᑡᦪ²pᐵ´£Qµ£(t)(pi=0,Uপ=0;¹£(gᡈg)G2=±120,U(gᡈg)=3.34kJmor',_____3_ECOSg=ZMCOS?MZM=exp(À)/=!PQ(1)°±Zᢥ!ᵫᔠ%ZJ'•ᨬᜧ®-¯ᦪ=L/{hjj)2=n"maKªn=100¬106ªn=1000¬31.6Q!ᵫᔠ%°,3▲ᑴZL=nlmax(2)!ᵫ#$%Z⌆=232ᨬᜧ®-¯ᦪ=4/(⌆Z=Ænil(2஻)"ÇÈaxªn=100¬5.776ªn=1000¬18.3(3)É%Z⌆=2஻-l+cos஺1—COS஺ÊN(0)=exp0=lW1CCஹX7/z-3.34x1000J-/7W/-1ஹcc/ÍN(120)=N(-120)=exp(---------Q------Q-------)=0.2608.31J,K-i•Ï஺Ð298K1xcos0+0.260[cos120°+cos(-120°)]cos᜛=-------------------------------------------------------=0.4o/1+0.260+0.26021+0.487_,O12h=2nl--------=5.81஻/PFPE1-0.487ᨬᜧ®-¯ᦪ=(Z"/(5.81஻)%/=0.339஻/

13ªn=100¬3.396ªn=1000¬10.71-29]ᑁ#$Ö×ØÙÚØ1-1ÛBÜÝ#$ÖצÞḄßK12kJ/mol,©ḄßK25kJ/mol,gஹg'ḄEk=2kJ/moLᵨtஹg>g'ḄâzßKãäåæᑖaḄ#$Ö×ZM1400cḄீcos஺ு6ª஺=68°,]ீéு=/2Ù1+±os1+

142]M1Ḅlᔠ%S1M1Ḅrstᑖᦪ6ᙳ250%1097x104=2^x100^=1141/2=570!1—33Iᨵᵫ10᥅¡¢0.1᥅¡*ᑖ,£ᡂḄ¢zឋ*ᑖ,z{ᙠ100࠷w¢§¨©238mmHg,ᵨ¬¡®¯4°±᪷*ᑖ,-ᡠᒹDḄ´ᙳ-1ᦪµq-1¶·ᜐ¸¹ᐰ8ᵫ»᝱½±A-1$%25nmw]¾*lᱥ-Ḅᙳ
᪷e_fḄᜧ¿.1᪷À¬¡Raoult®ÅPi——z{OzᑺḄ§Ç©Pi°—ÉzᑺḄ§Ç©X1——z{OzᑺḄ᥅¡ᑖᦪʱ᪷*ᑖ,-ᡠᒹDḄ´ᙳ-1ᦪ2¿Pi=38,PË=760x-nJ஻]+%=10/10+0.1஻,tÎÏᎷ-1Ðzᑺᑖ,Ḅᜧ¿•᪵Òᐭὡ=ἕ38=760x10/10+0.1%n=1900e2᪷À6ᦔ8ᵫÖᔠ-Ḅ×Øᙳ
᪷e_fÙÚ=1900%x5=218஻Û1.3ᑖḄL=ឋ1.3.1ÜÝឋḄÖ᪀ßàáâឋãä!1—34¯^åᑡ*lᱥḄ-⁚Ö᪀ឋᑨéᑖ,-ḄÜឋᡈëឋᑖ᪆íá.(2)CH——C——NIIIIROHC.H3(3)CH—CH(4)——O2CN(5)C1Üឋ஺á2AîïḄðᵬñò-ófôõᜧ-óöᵨ÷øùᑁúᚠü

15ý஺
2ëឋ஺á2ᑖ,óᨵþḄÿ
ᑖᵨᜧ
ᑁᚠ஺3ឋ஺᩽ឋᜧ
ᑖᵨᜧ
ᑁᚠ஺4ឋ஺ᨵ
ᑁ஺
5ឋ஺!"ᜧ
#$ᑁ
%&'(ᡂ*ᜧ"ᐳ-!.,012஺31-35456789ᔠᱥḄ=>ឋ
?@ABCD
1-f-CH-CH4-
2-ECH-CH=C-CH^-2221nτnClciEF9GHIJḄ=>ឋKL9GMJ
ᡠ5OὅᵨQR%Sὅᵨᛛᧇ஺9GMJᨵ᩽ឋḄC1,ᨵVWឋ஺9GHIJXᯠZᨵ᩽ឋ[\C1,]CIḄ^_`
᩽ឋa
bVc☢eᙠghi
ghijkḄᓫḄᑁᚠ`
জnᜧ120஺%op109.5°q,ঝisᨵVtHuᡈ[\
%op7t஺31-36wᑖ᪆yz{ḄᑖBCpឋḄ஺|}F~yz{⁚᪀ᑖ᪆$ᑁḄ{qEF
1ᑖᨵ᩽ឋ
ᑖjᵨ஺
2ᐗᗏ᪀0ᑁ஺3ᑖᑁᑖ(ᡂ
ᐸpᑖᑁ0᧖o
~%ᜧᜧ*ឋ஺ᑖᑁ}᝞6F31-37456t9ᔠᱥḄ=>ឋ
~᪀⌕@Au஺
1CH-CH=CHCH22B
2+CH=CH—m-^-cবCH—CH—CH—CH^2222EF1Ḅឋᨬᜧ
i'ᐳ2Ḅ=ឋᨬᜧ
ipghi3L஺31-38¡¢ᨵ◞ᓫiḄ9¤ᾮḄ=>ឋ஺ᐸ᪀}᝞6FIEF¦8᪀p§¨ᨬᨵ=>ឋḄ஺F
1qª«¬0.16nm,4C-C¬0.154nmᶍ¬
®¯*°±ᑖjᵨ;2NḄn~C=CiḄ120஺³135°3ª«Ḅᵯ᪀?¶“$ᑁ஺132=>ឋḄ¸ᦪWº»¼q

1631-396⊤ᦪÂ@A*BC?w~᪀Ä5ᑖ᪆F9ᔠᱥḄឋ9IᵬấÇÈ1.4-1.69ÌÍIJ1.5-1.79MJ1.839MJ2.2—2.4Óᓄyz{4.2EFឋb=@AB஺Öᜧ
@AᑖឋÖᜧ
ᡈ=ឋÖ`஺Iq9IᵬấÇÈFᵫLSi-0ÇuᕜÝÞᨵ
%&Si—0Ḅ¬ᜧ
Si—o—SiḄnZᜧ
ᡠ5ᑁà᧕
ᑖ᩽=>஺2q9ÌÍIJFᵫLiḄᡈuqᦪâᓫ¯
n120°ᜧLVãᓫḄ109.5°,ᡠ5ghikäḄᓫᑁᚠ¯
ᑖZåæ=>஺3q9MJFᐹᨵVW=>ឋ஺4q9MJFᜧ
ᵫLèéᑁoᑭ
~%ឋ49MJᜧ஺5qÓᓄyz{FḄᐗ᪀0ᑁ஺%&ᑖ(ᡂ
Ó⏚ìZᨵ᩽ឋ
¦í{ᜧᜧᑖឋ஺h2131-40ᙠᱯ8ïᑺᙠoñò_óôõ6ᑡ9ᱥḄ
÷ø᝞6⊤
wùúûḄឋM0஺üýþᡠõḄÿ

ᛛᧇᨵᨵᑖḄឋᨵ!"#$ᐜ&'!(■*$*஺
ᔠᱥ!C*/-104.(-A)2(n/n)MPIB2479595757PMMA30680PS2573570710A:"Ꮭ/ᡠG=I/஻M]/"K/LM/4x(M/M)x0.1542(3.08b..c**e“gᐜN'O^Q=2஻/2/M=o-x--~"--------=-7=rWi$Moj⁚lᑖM/STUᐭ஺WXMcr=4[0.308mnᑡpq⊤

17s
ᱥMo/࠷(7241.93
56951.84
ᵬvw⏚ᵬy100302.21252.43
104702.35z{M!1

|ឋᜧM~

ᵬvw⏚ᵬyឋᜧMᛛᧇ஺&mn▭O஺!2
Ḽ"sMo■Mᓽឋ஺1—41
ᵬvḄ
ᔠjIO,MḄឋ஺=6.5,&$
ᵬvᙠ᡾᝱ḄᳮᨬᜧᐭmaxjᜧA:b==6.54ax=4ax/K=^6.5+2nl2^=0.0888^=0.08887107=8.88$
ᵬv¡CH¢M£¤p
஺
ᔠn¥ᦪnO஺;2.19ᔠᱥḄᨔ᝱STᨔ᝱᪀2.1.1ᑁ
¨©2—1᪷«s
ᱥḄᑖm᪀ᑖ®ᵨ¨,±ឋᙢ³⊤2-3iᡠᑡᔜs
ᱥḄឋ¨஺⊤2-3µ¶s
ᱥḄᑁ
¨©ᑁ
¨©ᑁ
¨©s
ᱥs
ᱥᐚᯖ/¹3ᓱ/ᔖ¹3ᐚᯖ/¹3ᓱ/ᔖ¹3
25962
ᵬvw⏚ᵬy34783
27265
¼⏚y36888ᜩᯠ28067
¿38191
Q27666
Qᵬ⏚Qy47711427666ÀÁ66774185
30573
wÂ992237A$!1

ஹ
ஹᜩᯠஹ
QÄᨵÅÆḄ|ÇឋMÈÉ〉ᔠpᵨ®ËឋÌ஺ᐸi
ᵫpm᪀sÏឋMÐ᧕pmᨔMÓÔ▭cÕ¨ᵨ®ᛛᧇMÖÓ×C-Cᓫ¥Ḅm᪀ᩭÚÛᩭÜÝᨵÞÆḄ|ÇឋMᳮÜß஺2

ஹ
ᵬvw⏚ᵬyஹ
¼⏚y
¿Ḅ|Çឋ〉iM〉ᔠᵨ®ᛛᧇ஺3

Qᵬ⏚QyஹÀÁ66
wàḄᑖ®ᵨáᜧM|ÇឋÅâMឋãÅᜧMä®åæ஺z{Oçèéᑁ
¨©<70ᓱ/ᔖ¹3Ḅj;ᑁ
¨©70ë100Ḅjᛛᧇ;>100Ḅjåæ஺2.1.2íஹ©ஹmᨔ

182—2ᵫᦻïðXñò᪛ᾦḄ©Pc=1.50Xl()3kgm-3,pa=L335Xl()3kg.m-3,ᑁ
¨AE=66.67kJ•moõ(ᓫᐗ)÷ᨵOᙽ1.42X2.96X0.51ùlO/n?Ḅñò᪵MûTj2.92X10-3kg,ᵫücᦪ«&:(1)ñò᪛ᾦ᪵Ḅ©mᨔ$(2)ñò᪛ᾦḄᑁ
¨©.Aপ©P=þ=------*10ÿ——=1.362xlO3(kg-m-3)AV(1.42x2.96x0.51)10-6p-p._1.362—L335ᨔz"=21.8%P—p1.50—1.335caᡈ:ᔢP-P“=23.3%PPe-Pa(2)ᑁCED=-^-=——6667x£——=473(4•cm")V-M(1/1.362X103)X192oᦻCED=476(J-cm-3)2—3ᨔ(a)ḄᨔᦪᐰᨔḄ"#$஺&'ᵫX)*+),-.IPPḄᨔᦪ/a=0.665nm,b=2.096nm,c=0.650nm,6=99°20',/ᓫ1ᨔ234ᨔ5ᨵ7ᩩH319:;஺"#V=abcsin0NA----------»3mol=>,@—@(3x4)%----------.3molBC_0.665x2.096x0.650xsin99°20'x6.023xD12x42=1.068g/cm3(ᡈL068xl03kgim')/?=X=0.936g/cm3(ᡈ0.936x10-H//)ᦻp=0.939g/cm3c2—4IJḄᰚL%=176࠷,᪀ᓫᐗᰚᓄQAHu=8.36kJ•moR:(1)TᙳᔠᑖX/OP=6ஹ10ஹ30ஹ1000ḄZ[\ᵫ]^;ᦔ`abḄTm\c/dᜧf(2)gᵨijkᑖ$lᐳnijkᑖopᐭᨔrsijkᑖᓰ10%᥅vᑖᦪwᐳᱥḄᰚL/dyf&প

19{|T°=176࠷=449K,R=8.31J•mol'K1,ᵨo}OP~ᐭ{.ᑮ:T=337K(104࠷),c176—104=72࠷mlT=403K(130࠷),c176—130=46࠷ni2T=432K(l59࠷),c176—159=17࠷m3T=448K(175࠷),c176—175=1࠷n>4DP>1000w^;ᦔ`ᶍ.ফᵫ]XA=0.9,X=0.1B11Rஹஹ,----------(T=---------InXATTFm1_18.311n0.97-449-8.36x1000.•.T=428,8K(156࠷)m2—5ᨵᐰ}᪀᪵@ᙽ=>/1.42X2.96X0.Siem'BC/1.94g,ᐸ"#$ᨔ஺IJᨔ᝱PPḄ"#%=1.174cm3/g,ᐰᨔ᝱PPḄ"#ᓃᵨ⚪Ḅ஺&'᪵Ḅ"#D=L4ᡭ*0,51=1.105cff?/g.v-y1.174-1.105a..A.—-----------=----------------------=U.OJIcV„-V1.174-1.068r2-6ᵫᜧCᱥḄp$£ᦪ.ᑮ=1.13,᝞ᨔᨔḄuᙠ¢$ឋ¤¥ᵨᩭ§ᶍsᱥᨔḄᐵ2{P/©=l+0.13X&'X'©ᔢPc-PavPlP1PKP“TxC~PelPa-x~L13-l-0.13••p/4=l+0.13X'2—7ª«ᵨ,¬ᨔḄ{fWKPcP—P«'PPc-Pa{|P/᪵Pc/ᨔ®ᑖPa/ᨔ®ᑖ&:¯=°±+(1—■)%•´jᓃ@-=3p—P“'K-K-Ppp«

202-8¶¥Xv=2-4,{|Xv/ᨔ·ᢥ=>ᑖᦪ¹pஹஹPcஹ©ᑖX/᪵ஹPc-Paᨔ$ᨔḄ஺&'M=M-M,{|MsஹMeஹMaᑖX/᪵ஹᨔ$ᨔḄBC஺CSaºg.Vc=p,Vs-4Va{|VsஹVcஹVaᑖX/᪵ஹᨔ$ᨔḄ=>஺{»¼}½¾0VcP"VQpVc=pv-pN-pVc=pN-p·V+V
axsaaxaac=p.V-pVssasM·A-P“-=Vs·P-P¹xa¿/xஹ,=VJVsᡠ.¤஺29¤¥Xm0=Xv£,{|XmஹᑖX/ÁCᨔ$=>ᨔ஺&'᪷ÃÄXv=VJVa+V,x=M/M+M
mcacᡠᨵஹ=Å.Va+Mc=ÆxVcMa+Mepvs]ÇXmPs=Xp.v·2-10.¤¥Xm=Al-g,/2¹,ᐸ|AÈÉ]ᔠᱥḄÊËÌᨔÍᐵ஺᝞ÎÊᔠᱥḄ»4᪵Ḅ/1346$1392Kgm-3,ÏÐXᐝ+)-.Xm/10%$50%,P”$gÓ/1357Kgm&ḄiÔ4᪵ḄÁCᨔ஺&'Xm=2~·Ps~Pa¹=—^—•·0'@0"¹=A·I-2¹PsPc-PaPe-PaPsPs{|A=4᪵ḄᨔÍᐵ஺Pc-Pu{»¼ÝPs,Xm0.=Ap"஻¹~ᐭ»4᪵Ḅ$ᨔ

210.1x1346_1346-pa0.5x1392—1392-4.ᑮ4=1335Kgnf3஺íij4᪵Ḅᦪ~ᐭxp=A(p-p)mssa.l/A=0.5X1392/(1392-1335)=12.21ºl/A=l-p«/°c]ÇP-1335a=1454Kgm-3Pc1-1/A1-0.0819õ]iÔ4᪵,x=A(l--^-)=12.21(1-1335/1357)=0.198(ᡈ19.8%)mA2—11÷øùú,-Ãᔠᱥᨔûü|Ḅýþ4ÿ⚪
(1)᝞⌱(2)᝞ᑖ(3)᝞Ḅᮣ(4)"#$%᪵⌕ᵨ)*+)*,ᨵ#$./(5)᪗23ᴻ5ᳫḄ78ᙠ20࠷<᪗Ḅ=>ᔲᙠ30࠷<@ᵨA
(1)aஹEFGHI>J▲LMᐹᨵGOPឋ஺L<+SᓄUVᵨ஺Gᨬ8J⁐Ḅ஺bஹZ[\]ᱥ_`aᨵMAஹMbᡈd℉ḄfghᨔVᵨ஺cஹEFGḄ7klm_`〉`=ᨬᔠ〉Ḅpq_@〉ᔠᡠ\Ḅ]ᔠᱥ7t=uᨵᨬ5Ḅᮣk஺dஹHIᐹᨵwḄxᢵzឋ஺eஹEFGḄLᔠᱥ᧕}ᑖ~ᦈ஺fஹ=ᡈᩭ஺(2)aஹB⌕ᤅᙳᒴ஺bஹ“A>ᐭB”ḄV஺cஹᙠ4~6mL/min,¡UB=2U,A஺ᵫ}B£¤ᜮ¦§=tuᨵ⌲«¬᠒Ḅ®¯=°±⌕²³´ᑴ=¶+᧕·¸ᙢº⁚=¡¼[½஺dஹ¾½HIᓝᑖ5³=Àᐭ3ᴻᳫ᪵ÁḄ½V⌕Â஺᝞/ᙠ\ÃÄÅHIÆÇ3ᴻ5ᳫᡈ᪵Á<=HIᵨÈÉÊËÌᡂḄÎÏ¡᩽ᐸÒ᠒(25ᑖ/250mmᓽlcm/1ᑖÕ)ḄÆÇ஺eஹZ}²ÖḄ\=HIឤØÙÚ=°"GḄÛÜÝᦪßᜧ=á᝞âãᓄä0.00194/࠷,ç0.00105/࠷஺(3)〉`¬5èḄ7l஺(4)éê"=ᵨ)*Ḅ3ᴻ5ᳫᢗᐭÅ.᡾½ß5஺+)*,@\h/íw=ᵫ}%᪵⊤☢ᨵ5ðñ±éò஺(5)ó¡@ᵨ஺°"3ᴻḄGÛÜÝᦪÂ5=ôᨵ0.000025/࠷஺Ꮇ3ᴻᳫ8ö³

22Ḅ=ᑣø20࠷ᓣᑮ30࠷<=3ᴻᳫḄGOÛÜû0.00025ü=ᓽᡂ"ýᩭGOḄ1.00025ü=þÿ
ᴻᳫḄᩭḄ1/1.00025஺ᴻᳫ20࠷Ḅᐸ▲2.8ᑣ30࠷!ᡂ2.7993,&'(0.0007g/cm3,,-ᦪ/012345Ḅᮣ780.002g/cm9:;<=>?@℉BC஺᝞Eὃ⇋ᑮᴻᳫIJ!ᐸ&'Ḅᦪ/KL9஺2.1.3MᨔOPQ2—12KᑡTUVᔠᱥḄMᨔY᧕[᣸ᑡᡂ]^(1)PE,PP,PVC,PS,PANh(2)Vijkᵬ⏚nkoVpjkᵬ⏚nkoVqk⏚nkoh(3)PA66,PA1010.s^MᨔY᧕[^(1)PE>PAN>PP>PVOPS(2)Vqk⏚nkoுPET>Vpjkᵬ⏚nkoᵫyVqk⏚nkozឋ|;Vpjkᵬ⏚nkoi}ឋ<|஺(3)~66>~1010ᵫy~66ᑖ3Ḅᜧy~1010cQ2—13ᨵnḄᐳVᱥᐸUᡂ(ᙳ65%n35%)ᐸ3•!Ḅᑮ70࠷!!ᓾ;¢£<¤¥Ḅᩞᧇ•஺¨s©ª«ᑁᙠM᪀ḄC¯஺s^°ὅ²³ᐳVᱥᓃḄᵬµᙠᑖ¶²³᣸ᑡḄ,᪵ᙠᨔ¸3Yᚮº᦮¼ᡠ¾ᑮ-²¿ḄḄ¤¥Vᔠᱥ஺Àὅnᨵ³Á᪀VḄÂÃᐳVᱥnḄÄÂÃᚮºᐭVnᨔ¸;ÂÃᚮºᐭVᨔ¸஺ÆyOMᨔÇ;;¢ḄᛛᧇÉ<¤¥஺┯Bᑖ᪆^“°ὅÍÎᐳVᱥ”஺ÍÎᐳVᱥḄM᪀³ᑣឋÐÑ|Ð᧕Mᨔ஺Q2—14ᑨÔÕB^“ᑖᙠᨔÖ3³᦮᣸ᑡḄᡠ×ᨵᐰÁ᪀ᡈpÁ᪀ḄÚᑖOMᨔ²³Á᪀ḄÚᑖ

23ᙠᨔJKLyᦋ{V|Ḅᐵ~!ᐵ~,
?0஺p2—4rstuḄvwᙠᨔJKLkᦋ{V|Ḅᐵ~ᨔLᑖUḄ+ᑣᚮ^!ᨔJKLijkᦈm஺vrst!ᨔ,-!ᨔKᨔ_!⊤nᙠᨬᜧḄkᦈm᳛%᳛஺22—18Ḅↈᙠ¡¢L£¤ᦪᑖ¦§{![¨ᑺª«ᨔ!ᨵ¨ᑺ®ᐭᔠᱥᑖU|_`°ᑖU|±²³ᵨ-!^µc᧕¶·!Tg_`º(ᨔ஺22—19¼½PEḄᨔlOOOKgM3,ÄÅÆPEḄ865KgMÈÉ970KgMḄÆPE917KgM-3ḄÌᓄPEḄaÎÏὅḄᨔ±XᜧÆPE//=80.2%ÌᓄPE=42.0%ឋPEᵫS[ឋÔÌᓄPE\!ᡠ(ᨔᜧ஺22-20.Õ1Ö×ᰚÙ᝱Ḅ<ÕPEÖஹᵬ⏚⏣ÕPETÖ<ÕPSÖÞ#ᑮ!PEßḄ!PETPSḄ஺Õ2Ö×àáḄPET0᪵!ᙠâãäᴻᓄ7æçèéê!in0᪵᜜ìᵫ{íî!0ï-ðìñᩭÎòno஺Õ1ÖóᐝõJᱥ!öᐰøõJ!ᑣùᱥḄ஺öᐝᐰøúᔾᦈ!ᑣùᱥü⁐஺S°ᱥḄᨔ᝱᪀þᨔÿ
ᨔᐳᨔ
ᨔḄ,ᱥḄᢚᐝ᳛ᨵᐵᱥḄᨔ
ᨔᢚᐝ᳛஺ᐝᨔᱥᙠᨔ!☢#$ᯠ&'ᢚ(ஹ*(+ᦣ(-./ᦑ123Ḅᨔᱥ4ᕈ67⁐9:ᡈ<9:᝞>?ஹ@AB஺CᨔDE9:FG஺HIJᐰ
ᨔḄᱥᐝ-4L9:Ḅ᝞ᨵMNᴻஹP>?B஺Q᜜ᨔឋᱥ⌕UVᐙ⌕ᩩYZᓄ\᪀Ḅ^᦮ឋ+`a᪀Ḅ^᦮ឋb+cde-ᨔᔲᑣLh-Ḅ஺PEᵫIᨔ-lᱯnoᵨqrZ-193Cdxᐸᰚ{|}~ᑮJᐰ
ᨔ{Lᨔ
ᨔᐳᕈ<9:஺PETLᨔ-lḄᔠᱥxᐸᰚ{|}ᵫIVḄcᐸ᣸ᐭᨔᑮḄL
ᨔ᝱ᕈ9:ឋ஺PSG

24a:L^᪀Ḅ஺^᪀ḄPSᙠaᩩY-ᨔᡠᕈ9:ឋ஺Z2dPETᙠ/7¡¢£¤ᵫI£¤ᜧᑖ§ᡈᙠ᜜lḄ¨ᔣ#ªᔣᕈ«¬Ḅᨵឋ®¯᧕ᨔ஺ᵫIᨔ®ᵫ9:±²³஺£¤ᨵᑭIᨔᙠµl\#L¶᪵¸¹Ḅº᪷¼½G=A"-TAS,ÂÃᨔÄLŵ+ᨵ᣸ᑡḄÄᡠ½"ÇZd,ASÇOo⌕ᨔÄÊ&¡¢Ë$⌕ÌAGvO,ᓽÏÐÑ7◍|,~ÔLÕ|ÖEÖ×ØÙ£¤Ḅ
ᨔ᝱ḄÚS“ᨔÜḄÝS,,£¤Ü
ᨔ᝱ḄÞS3ßᯠ£¤Ḅà᪵AS'=S,-SுÙ£¤à᪵ḄAS=S,«S“஺ãäÔᨵÕ|Ñ◍åZVSÑSd,ᦑ£¤ᨵᑭIᨔ஺aè2-21éêëᾦíîᔠᱥZHIï¬ḄnñdḄᰚòó᝞ᡠô¸¹õ஺000+O-Z-NHᓝ஺üýÇþ2—NHqCH2_ENH-C-NHᓝCH2⏒ᨵឋḄO—A5,“ᜧ!"#஺%&☢⏒(Ḅ)*+,-⏒(ᨵ*.Ḅ/ឋ0᱐Ḅ)2⏒3Ḅ-ᓽᑖ678ᵨ:3;-<=>“ᜧ?"ᰚAB஺2.1.4FᨔH᝱J2-22ᢣMBᱥFᨔH᝱ḄO⌕QRST⌕UVᐸHᡂᩩZ஺[\ᓫᨔ\^_?᩽aḄBᱥbcde᠒Fᨔ;ᑮ஺ᳫᨔ\?ibcᡈᰚklmᓾo;ᑮ஺pqrᨔstᨔu\ᙠw:x;ᑮ஺yzᨔl\᩽B{:xe᠒Fᨔ஺J2-23}Fᨔឋᔠᱥᑖᵨᛛ&ᡂRmᓾ>20࠷,2ᑴḄFᨔH᝱Fᨔ.[\ᡂRḄmᓾw:ᜧᡠᡂᳫᨔᡈtᨔFᨔ#ᡈ,Fᨔ஺*ᛛᡂRḄmᓾ᠒ᳫᨔᜧFᨔB஺J2-24}ᡂRᑴ☢ᑁ᪶ḄF᪀¡¢£᝞£2-5,¥¦Ḅ§¨xª«£ḄO⌕+>¬®

25a
ᳫᨔ᪶XY—¯©©©—-J-—f-ত[ᨔ\]±ভম£2—5}ᡂRᑴ⊈ᑁ᪶ḄF᪀¡¢£[\ᳫᨔḄ§¨xª«£>µᑡ┦ᑭḄ«¹ºtᨔᨵ»ᔣᡠXª«¹½ᑖ¾ᡂ¿஺J2-25.ÀÁÂᙠxᑡᩩZxe᠒Fᨔᔜᡂ¬᪵Ḅᨔl®s1u?᩽abcde᠒Fᨔº2
?ᰚldFᨔºs3
᩽B{:xÅlᢴMºs4
ᙠbcd3ÇᤅÉxFᨔ஺[\s1
?᩽abcde᠒Fᨔ;ᑮḄ>ᓫᨔl஺1957ÊKellerᙠ᩽abcdË7º▬Í,e᠒ᙢmᓾᡈÏÐÑÒᑺÔÁÂFᨔ;ᑮÕÖHḄÁÂᢚØḄᓫᨔ஺s2
?ᰚldFᨔ;ᑮḄ>-ᨔḄᳫᨔᳫᨔḄÙÚᓫᐗÜ>ᢚØᨔᱏ஺3
ᙠ᩽B{:x;ᑮḄ>yzḄᨔl஺᝞ÁÂᙠ226࠷ஹ4800ᜧß{xFᨔ8h,;ᑮàᐰyzḄᨔl஺ᐸᰚAᵫãᩭḄ137࠷åBᑮ140.1࠷„s4
bcd3ÇᤅÉFᨔ;ᑮḄ>tᨔ஺!æᤅÉ*çËᑗw:Ḅ8ᵨÔFᨔ(»ᔣ.oéê஺tᨔᵫëᑖìᡂd7æyzḄípqᕜïæᢚØḄᱏᨔHᡂḄ▬ᨔ஺ᵫËFᨔ>ᙠᑖ6ḄOªðᡂ᪶ᙠᚖz&ᔣðòᜧ!";ᑮḄ>tᨔ஺J2-26ÁÂḄᐺRᨔᱏḄôõæ12.5nm஺ö÷ᑖ6ᚖzøùᨔᱏoúã6Ḅᦪü஺[\/=bsin஺஺!æb=0.154nm,6=109.572,;ᑮl=0.126nm஺!"ᙠᨔᱏô&ᔣðõᨵ100ýúã6஺J2-27᝞þð⚪
Ḅᑖ160000gmor1,ᨔᱏᑖᩭᢚᑖᢚ160000/14=11430!"ᢚ110#120஺2.1.5%ᨔ&'()ᨔ&'*2-28ᵫ,-./012%ᨔ3
ᱥᨵ)ᨔ᝱%᪀81
9%ᨔ
ᔠᱥᜧ?@AB>C᪵(EᦣGHIJK0LM1஺2
•OPMḄ%ᨔ
ᔠᱥḄQRSTUVᵫᨔWXᦪZ[Ḅ\ᐰ%ᨔḄQR஺᝞PE/P0.93#0.96,9ᨔWXᦪZ[JPc=1.014g/cm3,0_`ᙠ)ᨔ᝱஺┯cᑖ᪆“9ᩞᧇhi20L12ᨵ)ᨔḄ`ᙠ"஺kOᩭlᨵ%ᨔ`ᙠI3ᑖᩞᧇmhi2nTᵫV3
ᱥT%ᨔo)ᨔp`ᙠqr☢Atu>ᡈᦣ>ᐝ஺whxlhi2ykzᨵ)ᨔᡈᨵ%ᨔ`ᙠ"{ᧇஹ}◍"tᩞᧇḄi2ឋ஺*2-29ᵨq12PSᔠFlory?&'81
PS(ᑖ<ᦣ>/93
ᱥPMḄᙳ(PMḄ%912PS?᪀஺

2682ᙠPS(ᑖᵨ3x¡>¢3ᑖ£¤ᑖᑁ¦ὶ஺/%p¨£K©£¤ᑁ¦ὶḄªᔣ¬ᜧ,l2ph`ᙠ¯᝞°±Ḅ?ᡈᢚ²³ᨵ´%᪀஺┯cᑖ᪆81µ“%ᨔ
¶ḄᙳoᰚḄᙳ஺”┯cᙠV¹ºḄ
¶T)ᨔḄ»ᨵᐰH
¶¼x%ᨔ஺
2“/……”ᦣ>oXᐝᦣ>¾¿ÀT?B>@ᫀ◀ᨵê⊤ᨔì%᪀ḄB>G᜜îᨵo)ᨔìïḄEᦣG;3
ᱥḄᰚñTóô3ᑖᨔõö100#600X10%m,V3ᑖ÷810k4#10-3cmo&'⌕ñᓫᜧᑖxHIúûkᡈüᨔì()ᨔìᡠLᨔì()ᨔìqᐳ`hᑖÿᨔᑖ᦮ᚮᡂᨔᨔᜧᑖᔁ!!ᨔ"ᨔᡠᓰ%&'Ḅ)ᑖᦪ஺,-.Ḅ/01ᨔ23456ᑖ7!ᨔ89ᗐ;ᰚ=?஺8,-.Ḅ/01%᷾A⏚CA⏣EᳫᨔᵨHῖ⇨KᨔLᑖMᜫOᒕQRSTḄᨔ஺UVWᨔᨔᐳYZ[ᑖ\]᜜_ᙠ[ᑴᜓc!ᨔ"6d90%Ḅ%ᔠᱥUᵨg!᪀ij8,-.ḄᱯlᓫᨔḄR_nopqUijḄr0ឋ⊤uᝰᶧ஺_[ᵨ5-.xy!ᨔzᑮḄ!ᨔ!᪀஺ঝ᦮ᢚ~!᪀ij16%ᱥᨔ'cᨵ᦮ᢚ~Ḅᱏᨔᡠ᪀ᡂ஺016%ᱥᙠ〉ḄᩩQ,ᡂᓫᨔ'86%ᱥḄᓫᨔ᜜8ᨔᱏḄ"ᜧ10"Zᑖ7ᓾ10'4~10-3cm,ᡠᨔᱏḄ"qᑖᐵᵯSR_ᑖᔣᨔᱏ⊤☢ᚖ஺ij⌕=1ᙠ8¡¢7ஹ¢¤⊤☢,ᨬ4Ḅ¦§Q᦮ᜧᑖ᦮ᙢ©ªᙢ᣸ᐭᨔḄ®n'¯,°±ஹ°²³ᜧᑖᢚ~´ᨵµ¶·᦮"Ḅ¸ᔣᨔᱏ"10mᨬᔠ〉Uᦪ¹º»¼½zcḄ஺¾[¿᝞QḄ³ឋ-.1ᢚ~Ḅ"Á4Â⊤☢ÃÄÁᜧᑣ⊤☢,Á4®ÆÇ⊤☢,⌕Èᢚ~ḄÁ4ÁÉ஺Zᜧᑖᢚ~Ḅ"Á4ÊḄËÄÁᙠÊËᜐÍÎ᪀ÏᐸÑ©Î᪀Ï஺ᡠᨔᱏ"Á4ᡠÒḄÍÎ᪀ÏÄÁ'¯Ḅ,ÄÁ6Á8²³஺UgÓ©ᔣ¿ᵨḄ!Ônᨔᱏ"ាÉ10%m´ᨬᔠ〉஺,-.Ḅ/016ᑖÖ×,ᡂᓫᨔᨔᱏḄ"Øqᑖᐵ஺8,-.Ḅ/016%ᱥÙᔣKÚ"ÛÜX-SÝSÖ×ᨵÞᦣàáᨔ'â"45ᢥᨔäåᦪ¼½Ḅᳮç¹஺ঞéᦣᢚ~ij101ᵯêëìஹ᪶îᐳï;ᐸð0ẆòR_ᓽnᙠ6%ᱥᓫᨔᯠYᙠḼᨔ'ö◍ᱯlᨵøᓫᨔḄ⊤☢!᪀ùéᦣnᓫᨔḄâ"ú45ᳮûᨔ'Ḅâ"¹üýzᓫᨔḄ!ᨔ"75þ85%஺UVWᓽnᓫᨔᐸ⊤☢ÿᙠ
Ḅ஺Fisherᦣᢚ!ᩭ#᦮ᢚḄ

27&'(஺⌕*+ᙠ,ᨔ./ᱥḄᨔᱏ234ᢚḄᑖ67,᪀ᓫᐗ;ᢚᜐ=>
?@ᙌᦣBC#᦮DEFGᨔHIBᙠᨔᱏ2ᑖ6ḄEJK3ᯠEM᣸ᑡḄ஺টQRS+Flory4/TUḄᰚW,ᨔXYZ[\Ḅ]^_`ᵫ/TUᑖ6Ḅ#RbᙠᰚW2cḄdefgBhiᑮ/TUḄ,ᨔklmn,ᨔdᑖ6᪷7ᩭCp#᦮Ḅᢚ,B;>rsK#ᙢ᣸ᐭᨔᱏ2஺ᙠv
?ᨔᱏ2=4v
?ᑖ6ḄK=4ᐸxᜧᑖ6ḄK᪷7Cᐰᵫv
?ᑖ6EJ{ḄK஺|}v
~ᨔᱏBᐸ2Ḅ᣸ᑡὁᵯᣚḄQRSE஺ᨔᱏ⊤☢Ḅᑖ6QᜮᵯR᪵#ᑣC᪀ᡂGᨔH஺ᡠ4&QRS஺ঠ+1969ᨵᵨ᝱/ᔠᑴ£/¤ᙽ¦§hᓫᨔWᐸ2ᜧᑖ6¨ᐰḄ᝞ª2-6ᡠ«஺ᓫᨔW¬ᜧ=®ᔖ°±஺Ḅᑖ6ᔣ³Zᨔ☢ᨔWḄ´mᜧ஺µ᜜/TUᙠ.·¸=4£ᑮ¨ᐰḄᨔWD¹ª2-1
஺ª2-6./¤ᯋᓫᨔড½⍝
ᢚ+␺▭./ᱥ,ᨔᜧÁᨔEGᨔEᐳÃᔜ&,ᨔÅᨵᐸᱏ☢ឋHosemannÇᔠᔜ?,ᨔḄᱯ*
&ᢚ⊭Ḅ½⍝
ᢚ஺ÊᒹÌᙠ./ᱥᨔ᝱,᪀2ᡠᨵ=>ÃᙠḄᔜ&Í᝱஺|BᱯÎ〉ᵨÐÑ[ᨔ/ᔠᱥ2ÒᩖḄ,᪀Í᝱஺ÔÕᨔ᝱ḄÁ&Ö×Ø⌕ÙMᢚÚ7ÙMᢚÛᙠÜÝÞ2஺D2
./ᱥGᨔ᝱Ḅ,᪀+জàEDᡈàEᳫãI++ä£åÁ./ᱥGᨔ,ᨔæç0,/.a0.85è0.96,Bᢥᑖ6ᕈ#RbÍ᝱Ḅ¨ᐰḄë^ì“/ï0.65,&æçḄð.ñ`Gᨔ2ᒹòᨵ#᦮᣸ᑡsᑖóᨵ/ᔠᱥ᝞/TUஹ/⏒öஹᜩᯠøùú,ᨔkmnᵨ#Rbû4üýḄóµ᜜ᵯ6þÿ
ᨵ5nmḄ⚩ᨵ஺⌕ᨔ᝱᪀ᵫᢚ᪀ᡂḄ!"ᨵ#$%&'(᪀ᡂḄ)"%*ᡂ஺ᵨ,-./012345675஺ঝ%9'(5675:;Ḅ<ឋᳮ?@ᐰBCDᙠ%&'(ḄFẠ3HᙠIJKH,Lᳮ?MNOᙢQ56"RS:;Ḅ<ឋT#UV-XYZᦪᐵZ]^_`2ᑺḄbᐭdᨵefḄᦋJSᙠᨔhiᱥḄkl#mnoHᑖqᵨhMrsthᑖ!
uvὶH56x]y
kllZo
uᑖ!ᑁḄvὶ{ᔣ}mno~ᜧSᵨXᐝᦣs56ᨵ᪗ᑖ!Ḅikl᪵oiᑖ!ḄHQᙠmnoiᑖ!Ḅ"SᱯqBo!ᦣs56-iᔠᱥklḄQᙠ஺mno-᪵஺⌕ᨔ᝱᪀@ᐰᵫ%Ḅ%&'(*ᡂ஺

28ᨔ᝱Ḅ,@ᐰ%#ᨵHᙠ?o஺¡2-31.£4hᑖ!ᨔḄᱯ஺1hᑖ!ᨔḄᱯ1hᑖ!ᨔl¤¥ᑖ!ᨔl஺¦§ᑖ!ᨵᑖ!ᨔlஹ©!ᨔl#ª!ᨔlHdhᑖ!«ᨵᑖ!ᨔlH¬«Bᑖ!Ḅ-ᑖIᡂḄᨔl஺2
hᑖ!ᨔlḄᰚ7S®ᨔlᐰᰚᓄḄXY஺°B-±"JH²ᓾB-Lµᰚ▲H-·¸3~5࠷
,dᑖ!Ḅ7SB-LºḄ»H-·ᙠ±0.1࠷ᑁ஺hᑖ!Ḅ7SQᨔXY7Sᨵᐵ஺3
hᑖ!¼d½½}=500¾2000
,᝞ÀÁÂḄÃÄÅÆḄ^ǵឋHtÈhᑖ!ᨔÈᑮḄᨔlÊM¤¥Ë̱ᨔZǵឋËÍḄᨔZ᝞ᓫÏQÐvᨔZᜧÑᔜᓰ30%
஺ÔÕÖᨵÈᑮᨬh±ḄDØᨔZDØᨔZBÙᜧᨔZoǵឋᨬOḄᨔZ஺4
hᑖ!ḄᨔBÚÛÜḄÝÞßà᣸ᐭᨔâḄ஺ᵫ¥ÜßàᨵãäḄXYஹå)æçឋHᡠ0hᑖ!ᨔéᐹᨵNãḄÇXYஹå)Ḅæçឋ஺᝞ëᨔឋhᑖ!ᰚlìí/ÈᑮᨔᡈᨔYNÌḄᨔlSd᠒íᓾHðÔñòóᜐᳮᓽᙠᨬ〉÷ḄᨔXY3øX-Üå)HÈᑮḄᑣBhᨔYḄᜧᨔḄiúl஺hᑖ!ᨔÇXYḄæçឋ⊤ᨔᨵ-ḄXY4¾7S,¬ᙠ,LXYᑁHüᙠ-LᨔýYᨬþḄXYÿ஺ᑖᨔ᳛ᦪKᱯᓄ1࠷,K23ᦪ஺5
ᨵᨔḄᭆ"஺#ᨔឋ%ᱥ'ᑮᨔᓽᜐ+T.1“,-./ᨔ஺ᵫ+ᑖ᪀Ḅ2ᩖឋ45%ᔠᱥḄᨔ⌕89ᑖᨔ:ᨵ;<Ḅ=◍᝞@ᨔAB-ஹDὶஹFᓄஹᩖG……IᡠKᨔLMNOPᗐMRSᨔAT@ᨔAᐳVḄ:WᡠKᨔ%ᔠᱥX▭ZM“\ᨔ%ᔠᱥ"஺ᢥ᯿ᢚabḄᨔᳮdᡃf᝞gᎷiᨔ%ᔠᱥjkᒹmPᐰᨔAopqrAstᑖᑣvqwxᨔAtᑖᡠᓰḄzᑖᦪx%ᔠᱥḄᨔᵨ|zᑖᦪ஺ᩭ⊤cᨔA|ᨔA|A0/0/f=■x100%=BX]00%w1g᪵|ᨔA|+pqrA|6
%ᱥḄᨔᑖRᨔᨔIoᨔᨔI஺ᵫ+ᑖḄᑖGᜧ:WᜧᑖᵫPᐰpᑮᨵq⌕N¡-¢ᨚ¤ᨵᨔḄᑖbᙠ%ᔠᱥ¦Vᡈ4ᵨḄj¨©ᨔ஺ᨵªKᳫᨔx¬ᙠᳫᨔ-¤®¯°⚔,²xRᨔᨔI,³Ḅ´ᨔMᨔᨔIᨔḄµ¶·ᑴMᵫᨔ=◍ᡠ¹஺Avramiºᙠᨔ³»TX¼Ḅ½¾¿ÀᨔÁÂZÃÄsÅ▤Ç⊤ÈᨔḄɶVᙠ᝞Ê2-7oÊ2—8஺ᙠËÌÍjÎÏÐÑÒÑ9ÓTᨔᨵᐵ஺

29主A次Igf-Ê2-7ÀᨔḄlg—In஺IRlgrÊÊ2-8ᨔj8ßḄÊ2.1.6ᨔãäåTᰚç¬2-32ᑡÃêᑡ%ᔠᱥḄᰚçëìᵨãäå¶ç¿ᐵWíîÈᐸᳮᵫ஺%ðᵬ⏚óôஹ%õöஹ%óöஹë1,4%ùöஹ%úûóöüPTFE327࠷>PET267࠷>PP176࠷>PE137࠷>1,412࠷ᵫTm=Hm/ASmAHᜧᡈS!"Ḅ$%&'%)஺1PTFE,ᵫ-./ᵯ1ឋ34F./5Ḅ673ᜧᑖ/9:;<᪀>136,ᑖ/?Ḅᑁ-1~ᵫ[ᵬIḄ5)Vឋf^ASWDTmWPEG஺NOP☢f-1ᑮ-1,Ḽdឋ[IᛛḄKᵨASᜧf^TmWPEg[ITmg஺h2-34}PE-Ḅᑁ^ᰚs3ᜧ஺PET66Ḅᑁ3ᜧ^ᰚsᓾI஺⊤2—4¡¢ᔠᱥᑁ¤ᰚsḄ]Wᔠᱥᑁ"C)PE1.3137§1.6327PET1.9265663.4264},1PE¤PTFE&©ª᩽ឋGᑖ/ᑖ/5Kᵨ7ᓽ4H஺¬ᵫ-./ᵯ1ឋ34-./5Ḅ673ᜧᑖ/?Ḅᑁ

30஺h2-35¸¹n»ᨔḄᰚsn᝞¾¿ᓄÁᐸÃÄᨵR⌕ḄឋÆÇÈ¿ᓄᔩÁ},nᜧÊËḄᑖ/5®cf^Ìgᰚs஺nᜧᑮ¯ÍᜧΩÏÐᑖ/¯᩽ឋᑖ/5Kᵨ7Ñ©ÓÔ7ÕÖᰚsÑ135࠷஺⊤2—5ᑡknnÇÈḄO×ឋÆḄ¿ᓄ஺⊤2-5nnÇÈḄO×ឋÆḄ¿ᓄ,-3n“Cp/g.cmᢙÚ4Û/psi24hᔾá᳛/%62161.1412,0001.7111851.048,0000.3121771.027,5000.2500ᓽPE1350.975,5000h2-36⚜æᵫFlᓫnᔠ^ᡂḄᐰa᪀ᔠᱥèOéêWG.},-(-CH2—6CH—0ìḄíᜧ-(-CH2—CH—0î$ïὅVឋᜧASWDTmWG஺h2-37(1)O¢ñ»ᨔḄᙳᱥóôõö÷ÇøᨵùéúḄTg,û©.$Á(2)PEᓫᨔôõö÷Çøᨵüé3ýþḄTmûÿ
(1)ḄTg
ᨔᑖḄḄTg
ᨔ▲ᑴḄᨔᑖḄ#ὅ%&ᨔ'(ᜧ*ᓣ஺(2).ᑖ/012ᢚ45&ᨔஹᨔ78◍:;ᨔᑖ<=Ḅ5ᡈ5?@஺*B2-38FឋḄᑖH&ᨔḄIᓄK%Ḽ᪀NḄOᓄB᝞ᨵ஻+15<=ḄᑖH5,ᔜW(Xὃ⇋5[?ḄW)ᜐ2]ᵫ_᝱aᨵv@cḄde_᝱஺Ꮇg&ᨔhᑖHiᐰklmᔣᙠᰚIaᑖH5iᐰᜐ2]ᵫ_᝱qIᓄaK%ḄrO]ᵫ_᝱aᑖHḄ᪀NᑖstᦪZ=u":.S=n

31u&ᨔhvS’=0,ᰚhS,=5ᡠxᰚIaḄrOAS=S'—S’=S=஻In”ᓽW(zrOIn஺5ḄF{ឋ%AS(ᜧ*(ᜧ|ᰚ}ᓾᔣ஺B2-39ᙳᱥAḄᰚ}200࠷,ᐸᰚI8368J/molᓫᐗ᝞ᙠ&ᨔḄABᐳᱥhᓫBXᐭᨔ⚜ᓫBKWmolᑖᦪḄABᐳᱥḄᰚ}஺ᩖ¤¥ᰚ}Ḅᐵt

3211_R.=©X——ᩖ¤ḄmolᑖᦪBᓫB10%,.¬ᩖ¤••.Xsu0.1•••ᓫAḄᰚ}7³³=473µ=8368஻"?஺/ᓫᐗR=8.314஻K஻⊈.]]TI-----------------------------------------451.8°K**m1Rv18.314,n-T-H------XD----1-----x0.1½\HHB4738368ÀÁ᝞ᵨln(l—X)ÃᐭÄ.Å450.8°KB240᝞ᙠÆ⚪hḄᙳᱥAhᑖ/Èᐭ10.0%ÉᑖᦪḄ(ᛛᑺᎷÌÍ[Î(ᛛᑺḄ᳝Ðᑖ/0.200:-0.200,ᓃ=ᓃÒÍ[ÎÓÔÕᱥḄᰚ}Ö;Æ⚪&×ÀÁᐳ:(ᛛ0ᰚ}ØÙḄᜧÚxÛXÜ(ᛛᑺᔠᱥᰚ}Ḅᦔ1ᜧÚ஺(ᛛᑺ¥ᰚ}Ḅᐵt
------------1=ß."(᜛1áâ)T½”)mäåᑺḄÉᑖᦪq=0.1-áâ)18.314/„,2\+-----(0.1-r,0.114738638'17ëì=0.2a(“=452.3°Këî=—0.2aT”,=451.5°K.¬ïðᑺ(<ñឋòḄ(ᛛᑺ)×Xïðᑺ¥ᱥTmḄᦔ1óᜧ஺ᐳôᵨᙠTmḄᦔ1õ☢×(ᛛóᨵᦔ஺B241÷ø⊤úᐳᱥḄᰚ}(Tm);ûᑖḄcᑖᦪ(W஺üýᨵÕᑡᐵtভ=+2%+%=1,ᡂᰦব1+ᔩ1m1m\1m2TmlW,ᐵḄ!"#$ᢣᙠ'᪵Ḅᩩ*+#ᐳ-ᱥḄᰚ0(Tm)W,Ḅᐵ3ᔠ5678ᐵ9.;?W|ᨵ᝞"2—9Ḅᐵ"஺

33"2—9(A)78ᓫHᙳJKᡂLᨔᙳ-ᱥ(B)78ᓫHOPẚRᐳ-ᱥḄS᦮ឋV242-XYZᵬ⏚]Z^Ḅ_⊝ᰚ0=280°C,ᰚef=26.9hᯖ/᥅l>mᓫᐗ#⚜pOXᑖqr?s10,000tᜧᑮ20,000w#ᰚ0xᓣz{|}~=192,=549.4°K(XMi=10000)#,2=55L2°K(XM2=20000).♦•ᰚ0ᓣz1.8°஺V2-43K-ᔠᱥsᰚHLᨔ#Lᨔ}TcḄs270°Kᑮ330°K,᪵ᵨDSCᐸᰚ0L᝞+<7(°K)270280290300310320330300.0306.5312.5319.0325.0331.0337.5ᵨ";pᐸ_⊝ᰚ0T<;

34V2Y5Í⌕ÏÐ᝞ÑÒpzTmḄzᑖq~;<“ᜧ#AS,“Ô஺ᓽᑖqÖᵨÂᜧ#×ឋᜧḄzᑖq,஺2.1.7LᨔØ}LᨔÙÂÚV246ÛÜᐰÞß᪀-á¦ḄTg=-10࠷,T=176࠷,20—180࠷-á¦LᨔØm}â!".;ᵨ@ABCDEF(DSC)HIᐸE8KL᝞N2—11,᪗ᔜ()ᜐḄᱥᳮUV>WXYZ[N\]Iᑮᐵ`a.ᔠᱥb᪀Ḅdebfg

35N2-11h.ᔠᱥḄ:;᪵=ḄDSCiNjakTjbkTjckTjdkTjekTgcmgmpqrst᪵=juᨔ᝱kxqr⌨t᪵=jzbᨔk஺|8}bᨔឋ.ᔠᱥ>᝞PET஺2-50PETjᖪ=rMylarᡈDacronkZ300࠷j᝱1kᓾᑮK஺ḄᩞᧇឋḄᐰYḄj᝱2k஺ᯠ[᪵ᐭ100࠷j᝱3kWᢝᙠ[KL,ᙠ[¡¢⌲¤¥r¦Yj᝱4k,§ḼᓾᑮK©ª«¥¬>[¦Y®¦Y¯j᝱5k஺a.ᔠᱥḄTm=267°C,Tg=69࠷஺²³´KLḄµq₝N>ᙠN·᪗TmTg,]¸·¹᝱1ᑮ᝱5ᡠᙠḄ»¼஺᝞N2—12ᡠ@>xq½⊤ᓾ¿IᑮḄÀÁuᨔ᝱j᝱2k,ᙠTgᑮTm¡⌨tÃbᨔᓄj᝱3¥ᓄᑮ᝱4k஺N2—12PETḄ³´KLḄµq2.29ᔠᱥḄ^ᔣ᝱ஹ`ᨔ᝱SᐳbᑖḄc᝱᪀2-51ÅÆᨔ᝱ÇÈᔣ᝱஺ÊᑖÌᨔ¯bᨔᐰ>ÍrᨔÎ஺Ï.ᱥᵫ`δᑖÌÑDᜧ>¯ÓÔLᜧ>ÕÖ×Ø,ÙᯠheÏ.ᱥ\]bᨔ>ÚbᨔÛ¦ᗐ>ÝᨔÅÞßḼuᨔÅ>|}ᨔÅÇuᨔÅᐳáḄâã.ä᝱åᨔ᝱஺Ï.ᱥᙠ᜜çèᵨéᜧᑖÌêᡈêëì᜜çíᔣᨵî᣸ᑡ>|᪵Ḅ.ä᝱rÈᔣ᝱>ñòrᓫôÈᔣõôÈᔣ஺᝞öᓫôÈᔣ>ↈø8ùrõôÈᔣ஺bᨔÈᔣ¦ú஺bᨔᑖÌêûüᚮþஹ
ᨬḄ
ᨔᑖ᣸ᑡᨵᔣḄ
!"#ᨵ•ᡈ&ᨵ஺(2-52.-./0ᱥḄᔣ234ᨵḄᩞᧇ7᝞9:;<ᓫ>ᔣᨵḄᩞᧇ7᝞ↈ@:,

36ᑣ◤⌕F>ᔣ2GHᳮᵫ஺KLMNO/ᑖᐙᑖQRḄS᎛ᐸVWXWḄYZஹYᓟ]^_`aᐹᨵHcḄY-defឋ஺hiᙠ᜜lmᵨoᑖpஹpqrsᨔ/0ᱥḄᨔᱏஹᨔuvwḼ᜜lyᔣ᣸ᑡz!{|fᔣ஺e}d~Ḅᩞᧇd~Ḅᵨ⌕⌕ᵨd~Ḅᔣy᝞ᓫ>ᔣF>ᔣ஺ᓫ>ᔣ/0ᱥᩞᧇ#w!yᔣQᑖpஹpqᡈᨔᱏஹᨔuᔣ}wḼQyᔣ<Ḅyᔣ᣸ᑡ஺e9;<ᓫ>ᔣ/ᔣyᔣ9ḄWW7hSḄ(:ᐸᵨḄ⌕஺F>ᔣ/0ᱥᩞᧇwḼḄ⊈yᔣQ/ᑖpᔣ}☢<Ḅyᔣ᣸ᑡ¡ᙠi☢ᑁᑖpḄyᔣ£¤Ḅ஺ↈ@¥ᯠ§ᓫ>Qᔣ¡ᓫ>ᔣḄↈ@ᐸ☢ᑁ¨©HcḄᔜᔣ«ឋᙠ<}ᔣḄyᔣↈ@ḄWᨵᡠ/¡ᙠᚖ®}ᔣyᔣᓾᐸWo°±²▭W]^´ᔣḄↈ@µ¶(᝞ᒹ¸ᵨḄᛛᧇº7fᥟↈ@:¼z½¾¿஺hiↈ@◤⌕F>ᔣᑖp<}ↈ@☢ḄÀÁyᔣ஺z᪵ↈ@ᙠ☢¼ᔜᔣ~ឋ²▭ᵨḄ⌕஺(2-53KÃoᑡ²ÄLv!Åṹ
}0ÇÈ⏣9Ḅ!ÊËÅṹÌᑖ9ÍᐭÏᨵÐÑḄÒÓ.᝞ÔÅṹÕÖᙠÑᑣ
Ḅ᝞ÔÅṹᢸḼÒÓØÌᑣ9ÙÚK±.KL᝞ÔÅṹÕÖᙠÑᡠ9ÛᑮÅṹḄQmᵨÝᔣÝᔣs᪀ᙳᨵàḄឋ஺¡MÅṹᑮÒÓØÌᢝᔣḄ᜜âᜫ9ᙠÐÑÙÚK±h0ÇÈ⏣äådὊÐÑ஺(2-54.çè{ᓫéêᳫìí¨îïðᔣhKLìíᵨᓫéêᳫᳫᙶ᪗ᐵ
᝞ô2-13஺Z>õὃyᔣ஺ᐸ÷Qyᔣ!ø79>:஺0ᔠᱥᔣᓫᐗûüᡈᑖpᐸyᔣýᑣᙠZ>Y>Ḅᢗÿr-r-COS0=cos^,
ᓫzf=7•sincos6=sin(j>•cos0YᵨZᔣ
ḄᚖᔣḄ⊤ᔣᑣ,1•ᙠ0Z2"ᑁCOS-஺Ḅᙳ&
ᓫᔣ,2.f—cos^-Tᚗᶇl•R=2^~1

37*2-13ᔣᓫᳫḄ0*12-553&ᵫPS789:;
PI=>ᐳ7Ḅ7ᔠᱥB17%
EFGᑖIPS஺PS7JKᡂPSᳫḄEMN᣸ᑡ஺ᎷR7JSTᐰḄ7JEḄNEVWaY33.2nm,]^ᳫḄ_`஺ab᝞d7JESTᐰḄNEeᳫḄfEFgNEḄEFhIijYPSḄEFᑖᦪᓽ0.17,no&pEMNEeopNEqᨵspᳫSᳫḄEFtNEḄEFhI
8//3
r/a3=0.17,ynr=^3x0.17/
8%஺=9.Inm;3.1ᑖḄde3.1.1}at}~13-17ᔠᱥḄ}aaᜧ7ᔠᱥḄ}a᠒ab7ᔠᱥᑖt}ᑺᑖḄᜧsὅḄᑖᜧ}ᑺᑖIᙢᐭ7ᱥnᑖᔣ}ᑺᙢ᡽ᦣᓾ£¤᠒஺¥᪵7ᱥᙢ}a⌕¨sp▤ªᐜS}ᑺᑖᐭ7ᱥᑁ¬7ᱥEF®~¯“}~”ᯠ³´Sᑖᙳᒴᑖᦣᙠ}ᑺeKᡂTᐰ}aᙢᑖᑖᦣḄᙳE¶஺᦮p¸¸◤⌕WḄº»஺7ᱥḄ7J᝱½ᨵ£ᨔ᝱ᨔ᝱hᑖ஺£ᨔ᝱7ᱥḄᑖᚮÀIÁᦣᑖ»ḄÂÃᵨÄn}ᑺᑖIÅ᧕ᐭ7ᱥᑁ¬h}~}a஺ᨔ᝱7ᱥᵫᑖ᣸ᑡÇ᦮ᚮÀÈÉᑖ»ÂÃᵨÊËÌÍ}ᑺᑖᐭ7ᱥᑁ¬£¤ÎÏÐᨔ᝱7ᱥḄ}a⌕ÎÏÑ஺£᩽ឋḄᨔ᝱7ᱥ
᝞PEᙠÕÖÏ}a¸¸⌕ᓣÖØᐸᰚÛ▬ÝÞᨔ᝱ßà£ᨔ᝱³´á}ân᩽ឋḄᨔ᝱7ᱥᙠÕÖã}aᙠ᩽ឋ}ᑺe஺132ᵨäÊåæᳮa}a}~஺ab
1}abè7ᱥéêᙢ}}ᑺeᑣijëᔠbAG=AH-TA5<0ñ⊤ò}aḄáឋóspôbᯚḄô
ö஻øḄô
AS஺ᯚḄ

38ôó}ᑺg7ᱥ}ᑺᓄÃᵨ;ḄôóR7ᱥt}ᑺE¶Ḅúû஺g᩽ឋ7ᱥüὅýþÿᜧ᩽ឋᱥὅᜧ஺ᩭᱥḄASḄUPAS>0oᯠ⌕!AGvO,ᑣ⌕#A"$%$&ᨬ&()*ᡈ%Ḅ,*஺᩽ឋᱥ᩽ឋᑺ./ᑺᓄ1ᵨ345஺/67%8ᓽAG<0,:;<=஺᪷?ᨔAᳮCDSH=QKTNT
3-1EF:G(HugginsHᦪJK᧜ᑖNOᑺPᔠRST1ᵨUḄVᓄ஺WKTḄᱥᳮXY⊤[\…^ᑺᑖN4ᑮᱥF`RᡠbcḄUdVᓄe/(M=1Af஺3᩽ឋᱥ᩽ឋᑺᎷhiᨵklḄVᓄeᓽAV=O,ᐸn”ḄpqrᵨHildebrandḄstEubH=U៎g-6>
3-2EF஺klᑖᦪbsHᦪv᪗1x2ᑖy⊤[ᑺxzV{Ḅ7kl஺|EFr}n஻7,Ḅ\——>(R——>0஺⌕#ROḄ1.72஺ᡠ}⌱ᑺR⌕#ᵫ$%ᡈxS$%$&Ḅ⍝ᳮ஺XuজHildebrandtEF6〉ᵨᨔ᝱ஹ᩽ឋḄᔠᱥὃ⇋᪀ᓫᐗḄ⁐ᦣ/6ᵨbS¡¢ᑣ⌱ᑺRᨵ£᜜஺6S¡¢ᑣ¥¦⌕ᩩ¨ᐙᑖᩩ¨ª«ᨵᑺOzḄ᩽ឋx¬ᡂḄ®¯s⌕ᜧ°S±ᓽ\ὃ⇋᪀ᓫᐗ◀ᨵ⁐ᦣ᜜ªᨵᏔ᩽x®¯1ᵨRᑣᨵ´=V4A6I-32µ+%-%µ+e%-2µ]EFdஹpஹ6ᑖy»⊤⁐ᦣஹᏔ᩽x®¯Ḅ¼½¾᪵pqḄbÀᨵÁYឋ஺ঝsᨔḄᔠᱥ«Ãᰚᓄ5xᰚᓄÅᒹÇᑮ:ᵫUFᓽAG=
n”+È“f-T
AS+A5,„\T>0.97ÊRsHᦪËᑣÌrᵨ஺e2ÍuÍÎÏxÐὶᱥOᑺḄPᔠÒᙠ¥ÎÏᱥÍᑮhs3ÔÕ▲ÍÐὶᱥ/ᜧᑖN×ᵫᓄدḄÒᙠU¥UÍᑮhs3ÙᑮÚ⊝G(ᨵ▲Í஺⌕!DÐὶᱥḄÍ:;<=¦ÜAGvO஺ÝÎÏᱥ᪵Ee3-1xe3-2Ì〉ᵨᓽÞ$%ᡈ6OS$%Í$U:;<=ßÙᑮÚ⊝RᐸÍà஺á$ᜧ஺ᡠÝḄÐὶᱥḄÍF:ᵫUḄVᓄ«ᵫâãᑖäᡂãᑖᱥOᑺḄPᔠ:ᵫUAG,,,,

39åãᑖæ×Ḅçឋ:ᵫUAG.,ᓽAG=AG,"+AGw஺Í!ᱥklèÍ|3bcéêᑖNæḄëì!ÐὶíᵫᑖN×Ḅëì3îïð᪀ñÅ*bcðᑖNæḄçឋᦈóô!ᑖNæᦈó஺\¾âõSK1ᵨSTö÷RÙᑮðÍÚ⊝஺£3-3øùUᔲxᰚᓄ(ûüýuøùþÿᓄḄᜩᯠὶḄᱥᙠᑺᨵὶḄᓄ!"#$%ὶḄᑖ'(ᦣ*+ᶇᙠᨬḄ▤/01“3⊝”6஺8᪵:ᰚᓄ஺<3-4ᑖ'=Ḅᱯ?@ABCDE=ᡈGᑖ'H=I#JK᝞MNOD#PH=.6RS⊤ḄJK⚗VWXYZD[▬J8]^ᑖ'=Ḅᱯ?_JK⚗Vᑖ'=E=H=ᜧᑖ'iGᑖ'ᑖᦣ`aḄbcleyiof10ஹ10-10-10-8m<10-10m᡽ᦣ᠒lop᡽ᦣ᠒lop᡽ᦣrX]lop᡽ᦣklឋ`lqlqlq3⊝ஹuvEwx3⊝ஹuvEwxstឋ`3⊝ஹuvEwRyzRyz={ᦪឋᨵ}~zᨵTyndalleᦔᐝTyndallᦔO~TyndallᦔK6ᨵ~ᨵ=ᜧ⌕Rstឋ`X]ᑨvᑖ'=1H=.<3-5.R=RT[

40+3+%X]%=eὁ+4+#3
C3⊝¡¢஺6_ὶᱥo£WḄ¤ᵫ1SG=AG+NG0Mᡈ=¦஻+A஻"¨AG“=©ª=«e¬+¬+ὁ—3
e3-3
®¯1ᓫ±²³E´1ᔜᔣ8ឋe·¸3-1,ᑣ4=4=4஺º¯,

41ᱥḄE¼ᓃ=1,´ḄE¼1ᓃ+ᓃ=4%4=ᱛᦑᓃ.3-1#Ä஺2ᑣ¢e3-3X1V1+VN1Z+V2322É=ÊË-௃=ÍeL^Zle-2/e-1—1ᓃ2M3ÒeNM+ᓃÔ1IZ,PCpRT,Õ“2V,pRT1-M,ᓃM,.eW,=1X1X1=13⊝ᱥᑁÙᑺḄᓄ±ᱥ᜜ÙᑺḄᓄ±yÛᓽR7[lnl-஺2++/ῖ]+Qᡃà1=஺1,áâZe1#%ã#ᡃ#5஺åºJ஺=æ᧵è=åéᑠE¼[5ë1ì=஺3¸3-1ὶᱥḄíî¸3.1.2ïᦪ<3-6@Aïᦪ3?ᔠᱥḄ3ó᪵ôvB᪷öst÷ᳮ6ùú᩽ឋᔠᱥ1@Aü6ᙠᐸ8yÿḄ
ᑺ1
ᦪᑁḄ᧜ᔠᱥᑖᵨḄᜧ!஺2ᵫ%ᔠᱥ&'ᓄ&)*+'ᓄ,ᩭ./6஺ᔠᱥḄ61ᵨ
2343563+7஺3
9:;<Ḅᩩ>?ᔠ9ᵫ@£”<0,ᑘ=@஻,“H3”<0

42I%J᩽ឋᔠᱥHM@”,”>ᔾ,ᡠQRᨵTUVWM”<0o•.•@SM>O`!`a஺▬”=c஺2d-f2gh-i`!`aᓽkl8`mn`a.2o3-7qᐰJᨔḄPEḄPa=0.85g/cm3,᝞~ᐸᑁ2.05ᓟᓱ/᥅ᓫᐗ,./Ḅᑁ᥅=28g”=32.94cm3/mol0.85g/cm3.ᔆᔆCA£2.05x1000cal/mol..CED=—=-----------------77^--------V32.94cm஺/=62.2ca//cm3=2.6xl08J/mo3-8᪷᥅1ᦪᵨSmall53./⏚Ḅ
ᦪᔠᱥ1.18g/cm3o¡lᦻ£¤¥¦஺F/+cal-cm'Y1:molt-CH-131.52-CH148.33>CH-86.0-COO-326.6¨P=1.18M0=86g©ª="(131.5+148.3+86+326.6)=9.5(cal/cm^M86o¯ᦻ£¤9.4,°~±H²஺o3-9³´µᔠᱥḄ¶,=10A+cal/cm3-^,
ᑺ1Ḅ·=7.4,
ᑺ2Ḅ2=11.9஺¸¹º»
ᑺ᝞¼Qᨬ〉ᔠḄ¥o?ᔠWᔠᱥ
஺¿==3P7.4ᡂ+11.9ᡃ=10.47.4@+11.91-Ã=104Ã=%!ஹ:0ஹ—1*2o3-10³´Ḅ
ᦪ3PE=16.0,ÇḄ3PP=17.0,ÈÇÉÊEPRḄ6ÇÌÍ35%.¡lᦻ£¤16.3J/co?ÐÑ¥¦.ᵫ%ÇÉÊJᨔ᝱Ó5ÇḄJᨔḄᙳ0.85,ᡠQÍÕᑖᦪÖ×%Õᑖᦪ஺

43o=16.0x0.65+17.0x0.35EPR=16.35j/c3Ù./°~lᦻ£¤ÑÚ஺o3-11HÛᔠᱥᐹᨵ
ᦪB=9.95Cal/cn?Ð=.o,a=5.0,
ᳫgp=7085áâR=3.0,¸HÛ8=10Cal/cm31/25=8,3a=6,»=0Ḅ
ᑺ
ᔩP&஺3•
ᑺḄåæ
ᦪçèᙠåæ
ᦪêḄ6.-3ë☢ºᓽ6“=0ë☢஺íÛë☢îᔠᱥ
ᳫᨬnḄᙢªᨵ5.0—3.0=2.0,ᡠQðñòὅḄô6õÑnö÷
ᑺª&
ᔠᱥ஺3gøᔠᱥḄçl
ᑺḄçùḄîúdd=78-72+6-52+0-52=V27=373>/?+R=3-.•.
ᑺçᙠ
ᳫù᜜&þ
஺3.1.3
ᑺḄ⌱
ᑣ3-121ᵨḄ“
ᑣ”⌱ᑡᔠᱥḄ〉ᑺᜩᯠ#$⏥⏚᪛ᾦᨵ*+ᴻ-./02᪷2“ᑺᓄ
ᑣ”⌱ᑡᔠᱥḄ〉ᑺ4ᓄ5678.9:6,=⏚>03᪷2?@ᦪB
ᑣ⌱ᑡᔠᱥḄ〉ᑺ:DE#$-.F8.GH᪛ᾦ.J1
ᑣ^-CNHC^2CN

44435?@ᦪB
ᑣ:ᑺ6=16.38,=16.7K=18.26P=21.8"FN
=24.31:1C2H2cL}'P=Q78R
9.5⌱=21.93-13ᨵSTFU•TWF8.-FXYTWF8.YFZSTU[ᨵ\]ᑖᦪḄ_`⚜bcYTUᐹᨵefḄপhij425klm435noj445p?qJF8.YFUᨵefḄhijrklm0F8.YFUᨵefḄnojrp?஺3T4`ᢣuᑡv᪀ḄᔠᱥᐸJyzᔜᨵ|ᱯ~415ᨔ᝱ᔠᱥ425᩽ឋᨔ᝱ᔠᱥ435᩽ឋ᝱ᔠᱥ445ὶ?Ḅᔠᱥ.J415᩽ឋᨔ᝱ᔠᱥ᧕?@ᦪBḄᑺ0᩽ឋᨔ᝱ᔠᱥ⌕ὃ⇋ᑺᓄ
ᑣᓽ᧕᪶ᡈᵯឋḄᑺ஺425᩽ឋᨔ᝱ᔠᱥ⌱?@ᦪBḄᑺᓣᰚm▬BJ஺435᩽ឋᨔ᝱ᔠᱥ᧕ὃ⇋ᑺᓄ
ᑣ஺445ὶ?ᔠᱥJ஺3-15᪷2ᑺ⌱Ḅ¡¢
ᑣ`ᑨ¤ᑡᔠᱥᑺ¥¦ᙠ¨c©ªJ?c©¬᧕Jqc©ᡈq®¯ᳮᵫ²³ᑁḄᦪµ¶ᐸ?@ᦪ஺পᨵ*+ᴻ418.85YF418.85425GH᪛ᾦ421.85—¸¹º»420.8543578.419.45Y7¼419.25445Q½8.412.65-¾᷾R413.15

45(5)=⏚>(19.4)Y»ÅÆ(20.2)(6)8⏚8.È(19.2)Y-Æ(20.2)J(1)஺ɶᨵ*+ᴻW᩽ឋḄFW᩽ឋᑺ஺(2)஺ɶ᪶ᔠᱥÊ᪶ᑺ஺(3)஺ɶᵯᔠᱥÊᵯᑺ஺(4)஺ɶ᩽ឋvᨔᔠᱥË◀KÍᑮÏBQ½8.Ḅᰚm327࠷,ÒÓᑺÔÕiᓄÖ஺(5)᧕஺ɶ×ᯠ¶᪶ᔠᱥr᪶ᑺØÙÚÛᙠ᪶ÜDÝḄÞßᓽ᪶àᵨáªâ஺(6)᧕஺
É\(5)»3-16JäåæᑡçèḄ
É(1)Q½8.éêᑮᔠ〉Ḅᑺ.(2)4ᓄ56ë8⏥ᡈ8ìᓾ8⏣r8ìḄïᔠᑺð.(3)56ëñᓾò╆Uð.J(1)
Éᨵ¸YWᐸ5=6.2(cH/czn32Ëêᑮ6ùúûḄᑺ0¸Wᐸᰚmfü327C,ᰚmªþ¥¦ᐹᨵfp?Êᨔvᨔឋfᑖÿ⌕
ᓣᑮᰚᨵ〉ᑺᓽ8ᨵ஺ᑖ᪆PTFEḄ$%&ᒹ()ᨔ+ᑖḄᰚ,-ᑖ./ᑺ0-Ḅ12341ὅ67ᔾ34AH”<=ᜧᓽ?5/AᱥḄCDEFGHIAHWTAS"ḄᩩOᡠQRSTUVᑮᔠ〉Ḅᑺ஺(2)[ᓄ]^_Ḅ6=8.5c11.5,f⏣(6=12.7)-fi(8=7.4)ᢥ〉

46=RTln®+1+—º+»C¼½F¾¿12(p2«l,ln(pஹ-ln(l-᜜)QÃ᜜Ã2%Ä2=Åoᑖ./ᑺᑖ.DƦ¿,X-=1,ᑣᨵX[_X஻]+஻2gஹÃ=—RT—=-RTX2%ᓝ%nᳮ¨CGÅ=RT

47Inx,+nInx]{22=RT-^—nIn———nIn———}2dn[_%%~%+%}fi=RTIn——=RTlnX|஻i+n2=RTln(l-x)«RTX22ᑣÌ¿ᓺ\=S“3.2.20ᔠl3-18ÍÎὶÐÑÒÓ(AN/BD=61/39)u298KᙠᦪÚᑺÛÜÝÞßÍᐸᦪàáᦻãäᑮḄᦪàᑡᐭ⊤⊤3-1ÎὶÐèÒÓu298KᙠᦪÚᑺÝḄᨵᐵᦪàᑺÚêlO^AHCJ•mol')106V(cm'mol")জ2(ë3CH3.51166.00.99253H3c-----(/------CH2-----C------CHgH(*3

48nC4H93.15131.00.9737CC13.2597.10.58624CHC133.1480.70.151.3.6485.70.2710CHC12.9364.50.156322CHBr4.3487.90.17813CHCN3.3352.90.42193í1îïðñ⊤ᡠᑡᑺḄᑁAó½íCEDîá½ᦪí§!î;ফïQÝ÷ᦪíøp/îúᑺḄûüýᵫýþ
Ðᨴ☘
ḄCED3Ḅ
ᔠḄᔠHm4!ὅᔠḄ#᥅%ᔠ&'(dnஹ)*1ᵫCED=SH'jRTs=C£DI/2ᑖ56ᔜ8ᑺ6CED,5,<=>?@ᑡᐭC⊤E஺⊤3-2HὶJ
K298KᙠᦪQ8ᑺE8RḄSTUV8ᑺQWCED(Jcm'3)(P2T61(j5-3)(:H3(*3196.514.021.008H3c---(-------CH2------(j—CH3[(*3nC4H9221.714.891.027CC1309.317.591.754CHCh297.817.263.69(°ஹ358.318.936.62CHC1415.520.386.3922CHBr478.221.875.623CHCN583.424.152.3732

49bpal8.97—19.38(/%j஻.%)CED=^=359.8-375.6(J-cw-3)CMG63IXuisWND222aAi|3l(J2.஻()n3-2<>klmn”☘
Ḅ3{CED{(3)ᔠ,z=02=0.5FZ“kV“@\l=V,,,0.5x0.5(24.15-19.18)2=6.18V„,(J)_(4)#᥅%ᔠjᵫA/7,“=--I4?3J1%-%?dn'dn(/+xn}]2>=1(C=52.9(24.15-19.18)2X0.42192=232.6(1.⊈0)3.2.3ᔠ3-19STCᑡQ8ḄAS9,STUV<6ᑮU((1)99X10,ᑖA?ᜧᑖBᔠ஺(2)99X10'ᑖA?ᜧᑖ(ᔠx=10')ᔠ஺(3)99X10,ᑖA10'ᑖBᔠ஺(*KḄᐹᦪ{¢z£ᐭj¤⌕TvASMKKᓽ))*পAS'-K(N]In᳝+N2Inx2)*-499xl°4-lnl^+lxln17^=14.8K(NXN(2)m,=-KN,In-----!—+NIn2?INt+XN2-N1+xN2-ᑘ஺099x1஺᝞~1](99X104+10499X104+104J=9955K=-49xl°41n^lF+1041nio4ஹ(3)S5F“99X104+10\=56002Ko®᪵ᑖᦪj°ᑖḄASᑖᜧ6j±?°ᑖᙠ8E¢²@ᑮ

50?ᑖḄmᵨ஺´µAS{¶Ꮇ¸°ᑖ¹ᐰᑗ¼ᡂx¾⁚ḄÀjÁÂ?°ᑖ¶@¢ᑮxᑖḄmᵨ஺3-20(l)Flory—HugginsᵨÈSÉÊËÌÍÎv°ᑖ8Ḅᔠ=—R(”Jn/+஻21n%)ᳮÑ8ᔠAS,=-R(஻JnX]+஻21nx2)jÓÔὅᜧ(ᵭÖᐸᦑ஺(2)Flory—HugginsÍÎAS,”=?/?(஽In%+nIn/)ḄÛÜEjᨵÔ¢ÞᔠᳮḄßà(2)*(1)ASJᓃAS,⌕ᜧ6஺âã±°ᑖᙠ8E¢²@?ᑖḄmᵨ஺(2)ä⌕ᨵË☢¢ᔠᳮ*জçᨵὃ⇋QêmᵨÉ¢®ëì@8{íjqîUV#°஺ঝ°ᑖðḄ)ñᔣ᝱Ejᑖôêᱫöjᨵ÷᪀ù¢úûüjîᙠ8Eýᩭ¢úûüḄ᪀ùÿᨵ
⊤ᩭᙢᔣ᝱ḄAS.஺ঞᑖ!"ᙳᒴᑖ%ḄᎷ'ᙠ)*+,-ᔠᳮ஺01“!"3”஺53-21:1;PMMAᙠ20࠷@*A50cm3E,FGPMMAḄHI1.18g/cn?,EḄHI0.879g/cn?,STUVᙠS,WᵨYZ[Ꮇ'\]A5,„=-RIn————+nIn———|ஹ2n+xn+xn)x22=-Rn.In———+In———jlᓃ+ᓃv,——*ᑺlmv——ᑖlm250c/??3x0.879g/cm3.An,=----------———----=0.563/72஻ISg/moln2-------q-----=O.Olmol100g/molV,=50mLnV,=----⎃—=0.847/nL?21.18g/cm}-8.314xI0.563In—^ߟ0.8471+0.01InI50.84750,847)=0.419/KiᙠS,Ꮇ'lmᐹᨵxyឋᑖ
{|ᡂᵫlmEḄ!"ᡂ!"ḄA•EᑖᙠᎷ'Y!"ᦪAᓫlᓫᐗᦪ஺53-22(1)S20࠷@ᑴᜓlOOcm'lOTmol/LEḄᵬE*+Ḅy20࠷ᵬEḄHI0.861g/cm\(2)Ꮇ'(1),*ḄEᓫlᐰ¢£Uᡂx=1000ḄPS,Sᑴᜓ100cm¤PS*+Ḅy¥SEḄ᥅§¨ᔠ஺:(1)bsS'--/?(«|Inx+nlnx)m(22

51ᵬE«=l00c஻/*().861g=08]23moi106g/molEn=0.001/nol2ᵬE=0.9988Ex=0.00122A5=-8.48xl04(0.81231n0.9988+0.0011n0.0012)----8.48X104X(-7.676XIO-3)=651g-cm/°Kᡈ=8.314J/°K•molx(-7.676x10-3)=0.064//°K(}nxn(2)A5,„=-RnIn-----------1-«In---------}2ஹq+xnn+xn,2x2%=0.8123W஺/,஽=00°{°10-6m஺/xn—0.0012±=0.9988,[=0.0012AS,,,=-8.48X104(0.8123In0.9988+1(T6In0.0012)=-8.48X104X(-9.817X10-4)=83.2g-cm/°Kᡈ=0.00816஻°K53—230ᵨ²ᨔ´µ¶S10—7஺1¨ᔠI500Ḅ¨ᔠᱥ¸ᐰᔣ᝱U¹ºᔣ᝱ḄU஺(Ꮇ'»¼ᦪ½12)஺]¸ᐰᔣ¾ᨵ¿᣸ᑡÂÃS¸ᐰᔣ=Ä1111=°ᔣ(ᓽ¹ºᔣ)Fᵫ²ᨔ´µ¶Ær,ஹz~\Sᔣ=R஻21nx+(x—l)ln------e_Ç[2—]=8.314(J//MO/O/C)X10-6»IO/Xln500+(500-l)ln------e=5.85x10-31.Ri..AS=Sᔣ—S¸ᐰᔣ=5ᔣ஺=5.85X1()TJ.K-I3.2.4ᔠÈᵫ53-24ᑏ᥅§ᑖ1y஻2᥅§ᑖ2ᔠÊᡂᳮË*+ḄÈᵫAG”஺]AG,“=RT[nJnX]+nlnX]22Ã,]X1yX2ᑖ̽ᑖ1yᑖ2Ḅ᥅§ᑖᦪ஺3.2.5ᓄμ

5253—25Ïᵫᑖ*+ḄyÈᵫÆᐸ,*ᑺḄᓄμUᓄ¥ÑÒᙠZ[ᩩÔ@ᑖ*+,*ᑺḄᓄμUᓄAᳮË*+,*ᑺḄᓄμUᓄ஺]Õ1Ö=RTÕ஻]ln0]+஻21no2+ᙠ”102Ö+"ä+Ẇn}+x஻2%+xn2ᓽsxn2ÛÜ22dn(%+xn)2(஻1+xn2x2ஹ:.ᓺஹkRT"xn21An2Xn2xn.+±Ý.Þß⊟á;2+%஺2r(%+Ú)27:6162Ḅ'æÃçᐭÕὃ⇋62=1—61Ö=RT\02+In±_ᡈ_&u+%v\X7=RTIn᳤+11-]í+îï*+ð)[<<1Inò=lnÕl—óÖ=ôg,……ö⚗1X(2)ᙠ0*+,£=gᑣA//,=-RT^-xú..R,=2᜜-n+xnnt2tF.ü=-RTw=_RTᵯ-RTx,=A஻%+n2ᡠ{ᙠ஺*+,53-26:þaIn+ᑮ⚗Ḅ᝞r->8ᑮ11(1\4x஻:y-RTa+2-^1y1

53,,,$%&',_>o=-RT1&,J+,⚗-./᥅12ᒕ4ᵫ6஺83-27<=>?@ABCD⊤F.GH'/J°஺L.?MḄNO$gc஻S'J஺.T?ᑺḄ᥅1VW஺XYᑖ[?@ḄG/஺2,\]^⚪ᡠaḄ/᥅12ᒕ4ᵫ6஺ᙠYᑖ[?@L/cdefgh?@L1gYᑖ[ᡠᓰḄVWᓽA=C2V2.஺2_஺2V2_஺2,p=q=rL4ᓃ°hlmolYᑖ[ᡠᓰḄVW஺wᐭ4-஻:zL{Ḅᡃ$ᑮ}⚗.~'ᐔRTRT+1V2&&+᩟T-ZI\V2C஺22஻2ᓃ12/{⚗h/᥅12ᒕ4ᵫ6ᑖ%-0.5⚗ᜫᑮ$=—…ᳮ?@ḄឋM஺3.2.5஺᝱83-28hFloryO$ᓽ஺O'?t1fo.5Yᑖ[?@.ᳮ?@Flory&;K,“1-¢'T-6%-0.5,ḄO஺-.FloryO஺83-29¦\]Yᑖ[?@ᙠY=ஹ¨=ஹ©=஺Oᐸ«¬ឋMᔜ᝞?Yᑖ[ᙠ?@LḄ¯°±᝱²᝞³´=R7>$ក-1·T>e<0஺º»Yᑖ[?@dᳮ?@¼½ᔣ=?¿ÀhºYᑖ[ÁᙠT>6Ḅ?@Lᵫ=?ᑺᓄÃᵨÅ᡽Ç஺T=6³/<=0஺ᓽYᑖ[?@Èᔠᳮ?@ḄÊËYᑖ[Áh?Ḅ,

54ÌÁÍ?οÍÏÐ஺Ñ஺A”3ு஺஺ÁÒÏÐ?@ÓÔÕÖ஺83-30.¦\]×ᔠᱥḄ஺OÙᐸÚÛÜÝÞß஺$1'஺OḄ\]9O²àFloryO஺Flory¨áYᑖ[?@<ᳮ?@Ḅ/âhã.äᔠᨵ«ḄæçÙèḄæçéᑖêëḄ஺«Ḅæçᵨ“«ìᦪ”ï⊤ðñḄæçᵨ“èìᦪ”%ᩭ⊤ð஺6róhôãõö஺Yᑖ[?@h>?@Í÷ø=ùúûᐸüýḄ/᥅14ᵫ6ᡈüýᓄÿ⊤᝞ᶍᡃḄ⚗Mf=RTKfp11஻=/?75-/#τK$%&'()KW\=--*+,-9=/T,0234567ᦪ஺ᑣ2%᱄=-RT1--^2>?34ᱯ,AB+஺234ᱯC56஺DAB567E+FAB)ᑮH3BᑡḄᱯCJ+4=0,L=M+3NOPQa=l+(T+a=1,h2=hi,᣸◀AWX+ᡠZ஺[\ABḄ“^_ᱯC56”஺ᙠF56+ᑖQcdeOᑺghᑖQcijḄkᵨmeᑖQcdghᑖQᔁoḄkᵨmpq+ᓽᜧᑖQctmu⊝+⊤wxyzij[zᔁoḄ{ᩭ☢~+ᓽ᡾᝱஺Ẇᓫ4ᜧᑖQḄ᝱HឋM?ᜐ?஺56ḄᑖQOeᳮOḄ◀+ᡃẆᓫ4ᜧᑖQḄᓄH஺ᡠZ+஺56\“ᳮ”56஺DAB56?956E+p>ᑖQ¡ᜧḄ¢ᔠᱥ¥ᑖ¦§O¨©xᩭ+஺ªḄ§pu⊝«¬)ᑮ஺2஺56,®¯JI1জ±²³¯´µ஽=RT—+4C,DTOᑺzºE+ᦋº¼6c,ᐸ>¿ḄcTTÀ+¦ÁÂCkÃ+ᐸÄÅḄÆ᳛ÈÉ2஺ÊËÌÍ®¯+ᦋºzÎḄ56Oᑺzº,CzÎ56Ḅ4J+¦>7kÃ+42=0Ḅ56ᓽ஺56஺ÏÃ3-3஺

55Ã3s/->3+,kÃÃ3-3A?>.?'kÃT«2xcঝ᜜ׯ:¢ᱥḄ^_ᐳO56ᵨ4⊤Ú+p¿ḄHudggins7ᦪᵨmÚá஺´µ¢ᱥḄp>ᑖQâᜧ+ãâä+Z.â+ᡠZ7Mᨵp>ᑖQçèឋ஺ᵫêOᳮë)ì6ஹ1=2+ᡠZᙠ^_ᐳOïᨵ%Q3ᑖòM3ó.rI.1..1ஹ2111õöm௄ὡ+ᓅ'(ᔠú)!=Jý+LJ+JÿT0ᵬ\y/x2xe
ᑖḄ7,4=+1-ᯠ᜜ᑮᑖ!Ty/x2xeᜧX——>00)Ḅ4,ᓽ+0,-ᵫ/᳛12ᵫ3—4஺53-316Ḽ,-ᓣ99ᑖ஺:;Ḅᱯឋ>ᦪᨵABCᓄE+ABEFGᓣ9஺H+9ᑖIJᙠ6:ᑺNᜐPQᔁSḄT᝱V
Ḅᓣ9WXYZ[Ḅ\]^_`aXḄbcdᩭQᔁSḄIJC2Q+fghij6Ḽ:;>-Ḅᓣ9஺53-32ᜧᑖXᙠ:;NḄk᝱lmnHopqr᪵t\WᜧᑖXuᑮ“w᡾”T᝱EFGᙠz
Ḅ,-{⌱}〉Ḅ:ᑺᡈᙠz
Ḅ:ᑺ{⌱}〉Ḅ,-1WᜧᑖXᔁSᑮ᪆ḄT᝱ᓽ0T᝱ᡈ஺:;)9ᑖXᜐPw᡾T᝱஺3.2.6:ᑺ:;ឋḄᐵ

5653—33:ᑺḄ{ᩩḄpqG(1),-T)ᔠᱥ᪵Ḅᱯឋ>-(2)ᔠᤅ᳛Ḅ9.(3)ᔠᱥ᪵ᵨ¡¢£¤
Ḅᑖ.FG(1):ᑺN:;2Ḅ¥n§QᵫPIJQ¨©஺(2)ᵫP:ᑺN:;Ḅ>-ª«¬QḄ®¯ឋhi◤⌕Q²Ḅᤅ᳛஺(3)¡᝞´µᳮ·Ḅ:ᑺᐵH+¡¢£¸¹¹ᓫ»¼½:Ḅ᥅¿ᦪᨵᐵiÀÁÂÃᐵ஺(ᓽÄ£Å:ᑺi£Å:9ᑖ)஺ÆÇ▭ÉÊËḄ¡\£Åznᨬ²Ḅ⚩ÎH+:ᑺWᑖIJϨ©hiWÏÐḄ²ᑖ£Å¡ÑÒÓ
Ḅ¢£¸ÔÕhiᑖᡈÕ஺3.39ᑖÖ:;×ᵯF:;53-34ᵨÙ⊝:ÛÜ1
ÝÞßàḄáὶ-஺ãᵫ{ᑡᦪå¤æçã᪵NᨵᦔXḄÙᙳᑖ×஺ᡠᵨ:ᑺ+Þ,-+25࠷,wàí0.1273g,:Û¼í2.116g,wàï-+0.941g/mL,ÞḄï-+0.8685g/mL,õ=0.398஺F:2ᓃ2Vஹ---:ᑺḄmol¼½Q——Ù⊝:Ûû:ᑺ᥅¿¼½ᓃ=7"=89.81ü஻“஺/0.8685g/mL2.116-0.12730.1273°k0.8685.0.941_2.2898+0.13530.1273—0.13530.941=17.93Q>10,ᡠ1ᶍ
⚗ᵨ஺%=03.p-V/1-21Z1=17.937x0.941x89.81/0.102=122.8x0.941x89.81/0.102=101704g/஻⊈!ᶍ
⚗22ᓃ/M==85000g/moZcln(l—ᑴ)+ᡃ+%2.116-0.1273„᧕01Ḅ┯4ᑖ᪆:V,=------------------10.8685┯4ᙠ;V,=>ᑺḄ᥅ABCD=>ᑺḄBC஺E3-35ᵨNaOHJKLMN⏚P>QRST01UVWᓄYZUVY

57[\✌ᐜST_ᩭ_ᜧbcdefghMN⏚ijḄd[Tfg஺kJKlRmnSToᨬᜧqrstfgNa,nTᑣd[vDwᢓᑴmnSTy⌲{|}஺v4.19ᱥcwᑖxyḄz{|}4.1.1ᑭᵨᑖeE4-1ᎷABLᔠᱥ᪵JᨵᑖᐸᑖeᑖZ1ஹ10K20ḄᑖᦪᑖZ\A=0.3ஹ0.4K0.3,B=0.1ஹ0.8K0.1,᪵ḄDDwKDᐸᑖ¡¢Tᢣᦪb¥ஹbjK¦ᑖᦣ¨ᦪd஺[\415;A1_1vW,.="03""040T-=28169M104IO52xio5A7.=0.3xl04+0.4xl05+0.3x2xl05=103000H="I=-4xl”+S3x4xl”="5630M103000d—MIMn-3.66wcr¥=(1—1)=281692x3.66=2.90x109ᡈ=0-1)=1030002x3.66=3.88x10"(2);B~M„=54054=101000=118910J=1.87cr¥=2.54x109al=8.87x109E4-2Ꮇ¶Lᔠᱥ᪵J1ᑖᐸᑖeᑖ%1ஹ2K3·¸¹º᪵ḄᦪᙳᑖeD,Z2ஹᙳᑖeD“.Z2.3᪵JᔜᑖḄ᥅AᑖᦪKᑖᦪ஺

58¾=Z%MT7VÁg\VNjMK[\প<"nMWMiiiiZM=I104^,+2X104^+3X104^=2xl0423<108^+4X10S7V+9X108N=4.6X10823M+M+Ã)=1[¹N1=0.3,N=0.4,N=0.323/_V1-rVÁ_1M”=2,------ᡈ>——(2)\M=^WMwiiZ%=i--H-------=1--------------;----------------1042xio43xio42xio4<104VV+2X104W+3X104IV=2.3X104123W+W+W=\x23[¹w,=0.15,ᵯ=°4%=0.45E4-3ᎷPMMA᪵Ëᵫᑖe100,000K400,000ᓫᑖᦣÎᑖÏ1\2ḄmᡂÑḄÒD7KÓÔᎷa=0.5ÕmÖÑ×ḄᜧØ.1[\$=1x10-100,00020.5x10-5400,000—(lxio%o5)+(o5Ú10-5᝞1()5)”sZ஻,-1X10-5+0.5X10-5=2.0x105DÜ=2ÝÞ=^(lxl05)+^(4xl05)3.0xl05

59=ß(ÞÃàᡭÃ=2.8x105âãM3(3)ðmEZ0.145:0.855RD“=43384,D“,=86950,d=2ðmEZ050.5RD“=18182,¾=55000,d=3ðmEZ0.855:0.145RD,,=11567,M=23050,d=2wâãᡂñòRdqÖᜧ஺ᦑᵨdq⊝=ᔠᳮḄ஺

60d=2d=3E4-5Ꮇ¶sLᔠᱥᵫᓫᑖᦣᑖAKBᡂAKBḄᑖeᑖZ100,000K400,000஺÷ᑖÏÔ1ÕA\B=1\2ÔmÕ;Ô2ÕA\B=2\1æᔠ᪵ËæᔠᱥḄ஺“Kù,Z¦úYÔ3ÕA\B=1\2,a=0.72,ûmÖü,ஹD…᪍.ḄᜧØ஺[\Ô1Õ%=1/100,000=IX10’஻B=2/400,000=0.5X10-5(1x10-5)x105+(0.5x10-5)(4x105)M“=2.0X10-51X10-5+0.5X10-52f^-V=1(lxl05)+|(4xl05)=3xl05Mw(2)=2/100,000=2X10,n=1/400,000=0.25XIO-5B(2X105)X1()5+(025X10-5)(4x1()5)=1.33xl052X10-5+0.25X10^5_7iM.=1(1X105)+1(4X105)=2X105H1_1_(3)",>a=U(1x105)072+1(4x105)072V72=2.88x105ᡠ)*M

61W.N.=,MmZG=“^8ᔠᱥ_\Z4G/a_M4JG"JbW-ZGZ^

62E0.2“0.8”NjMi,M+\+•2A/n-i80000-%2”஺ᓽ805000--~0.20.8-------1---------M஺2M஺Mo=48,000ᵫ0.20.8£N,MK-Ml+•2M
20M஺2M஺Mw=*----0.20.8-------F-------M஺2M0_0.2x48,000+0.8x2x48,0000.2+0.8=86,4001M—,4-8ᦪ7ᑖᦪN(M)=="exp(-.)*ᦪᙳXᑖ7C6ᙳXM“M„ᑖ7஻”*¡ᨵ᝞QᐵI.N,MKHIMNNjN+M-MdM¤N^M_=*-expJaTᐭMnIMn
--eMnnM2dMi}M_=nMnM-M==¦e"M2dMwnM„J,•••¨ᑖ£2-©ª=«^஺¬0_————121*MwM==x———yᓽM„•=2M“

63,4-9Q⊤ZXᑖ7®¯Ḅ°±²ᙠ´µ¶P30CḄ·¸¹a஺)(a5᜛3)X»3¼½*¾ᵨªOÀᐹᨵÂឋᐵḄĹ஺M/103a(g-rnol-1)9.51.1250.21.255581.4627201.65HI(½4-2)᪷ÆFlory-KrigbaumᳮÈ*a5-a3=2CmV|(l-6/T)M52OPICmÉᦪ*5ÊËᦪ஺ÌM5ᡂÍÎ஺4.1.20ᑖᦣᦪCᑖÏÐᢣᦪ,4-10(l)10molXᑖ71000ḄᔠᱥClOmolXᑖ7ÒḄ¯/ᔠᱥ8ᔠ*ÓÔÕ="ஹMw>dC?*ÖÈ8ᔠ×?4ᑭ4ḄÙᓄ(2)1000gXᑖ71000ḄᔠᱥC1000gXᑖ71(/Ḅ¯/ᔠᱥ8ᔠ*dÛᡂ0EHIপÝ=Þ=ßàá=5஺஺5஺஺£%20E஻M10â+10)“00Mwã஻6Mio(iooo+io)—=2.00Mncr„=^M„=4995008ᔠ×ᔜ᪵4ᓫᑖᦣd=l,

64(2)M%nMn,MKjiWᑖ1000,1I11000——=11000101000io652=io-3io921000106M•åæçè;2஺஺஺êë=ì±ᡈ=5*1஺5MZ஻,l2000஻="£=25°,4-11Ó\ïðñòᑖÏÐᢣᦪ^7=c“2HI=(M-=J,=[(M_M„)N(M)dM{M2=jM2N(M)dM-2M£MN(M+Ý/N(M)dMnÝ+Ý=^A7rL—Ý•Mhzsc%£஻M/£%Mni/ii/i/.^TI===-Ý=Ý^=“/=1_*,4-12ᙠ25࠷þÿ
⏒᝱ᔠ10ᨵᓫᑮ.Ꮇᵫᔠᳮ"#$%ᶍ'(.᝞*⏒ᨔ,ᑮ-᯿500012ᔠᱥ4ᓽᑖ789.:w/:“>?@ABCᵫDEᨵ"#ᑖFGᦪNJKᦪL'MN஺᝞*⁚QRᑖFSTJMo1NMdM2/25OM50”MOM—-----------=3—=——MP'NdMM02

65NM2dM_M3/250Mo3Mw==YoNMdMM2202°-x50A/n3஺M4w-=1.33M3n$Z[ᩩ]^_`ᕜbcdef'ghᔠᱥᑖᦣឋ஺*Y4-13l?ᑖᦣ᪵nopqTQrᔠ.᪵n=100,000sMw=200,000,᪵nBᨵ=200,000sMw=400,000turᔠᱥḄM஻s஻xḄ⊤z{f(|}~Ḅ.ᓺB.Mn=----=------NXX⊤rᔠᱥḄ?ᑖᦣᑖ஺'NஹMnxJMLrᔠᱥN=(1)nஹ_EwnXMxi/M=wWIXஹXZwMx♦iJ•/Mwx•••Mwx-Wx\iJxMLrᔠᱥNwMwLrᔠᱥNMwx.t7{JrᔠᱥᑖXcqTᑖᦪIXX

66W,\=lg,W=lgB1+1=133,000+/2xl05ᓃAfwB=(%)X2X105+)X4X105=300,000Y4-14ᳮ^ᑡᔜ_`Ḅ?ᑖᦣᢣᦪd=Mw/:”`J?@AaஹbஹᵫᔠL¡¢ᔠ"#NcஹᵫᔠL¡¤ᓄNdஹ▢7FᔠL§ឋᔠᱥN.BCa=2,ᓃ=1.5,c=2,d=\4.2ᦪᙳQRᑖFSTḄª4.2.1«ᑖ᪆Y4-15ᵨ⏣⏚ᑴcḄ²ᑖFᨵ$ᑖ᪆Ḅ³´µ1.5¶Ḅ²ᵨ90.1NḄNaOH¹º0.75¼ᓣ¾¿²ḄᦪᙳQRᑖFST஺BC²Ḅ᥅ÁᦪJ0.75x10-3ÃxOAmol/L=7.5x10-60,Mn7.5x1஺ஹ஺2x10,g/mHY4-16s10+kg²ᵨ9ÆÇJlo+moi/ḄNaOH0.012dm3,᝞*²Ê3Ëdm³⏚ᑴc(|}ḄᦪᙳQRᑖFST.BC²Ḅ᥅ÁᦪJ0.012Ìᨌ107஺//:A=0.012x107஺/L5gM“=83333g/஻z஺/0.012x10஺/Y4-17ÑÃᵨÒÓ§ឋᏔÕÖ×ØÙLAZBNN
ᔠ_`ÜÝAZBNᑖÞᡂᵫàJ§ឋáᨬ"oᏔᔠ"#fᎷEᨵãᓄ.äAZBNḄÒÓ§ឋJ᥅Á(ᦪᘤ(ᦪ2.5X10஺᝞*çèPSO.OOlkgᐹᨵ3.2X103ḄÒÓ§ឋ(|ᦪᙳQRᑖFST.77x10sBCPSìᨵAIBNḄ᥅ÁᦪJî——Ö1.282.5xl08ðJAIBNᑖÞᡂlᵫ:Ꮤᔠ"#1PSᑖFñᐹᨵlAIBNᵫJ«ᡠoPSḄ᥅Áᦪñ1.28x10-5஺1gM“==78125g/mol1.28x10'm4.2.2ôõᓣöஹ÷õ^ø

67Y4-18ùôõᓣöúûᵨüýᵯÿ
AT,ᦪAdATᡂ஺ᵨᑺᾦ⏚ᵞM=892/᥅᪗"᪵$%&'(1.20X10*3g/mL,)Ad(786஺*ᵨ+,ᘤ.ᑺ/0ᵬ2ấ45Ḅ78ᑖ:;<&'.AdḄᐵ>᝞@⊤BcX10g/mL5.107.288.8310.2011.81Ad3115277158731109CD+C᪵Ḅ78ᑖ:;<஺MBN1
᪗
OAT=K'£-PQZW=786c=1.2xlO_3g/wLMᓽ=M=892M.“=V=786x89%8426x104c1.2x10"ফ
OXY=£ᓽMICAfOM[c4…M\A48c]᜜_ᑮc=0CcX103g/mL5.107.288.8310.2011.81ad/cX10'360.9872.3980.9785.5993.90e]4-3)(TL=>=36-78X1°358426xlQ4Mn==1622936xl()3]4-3Ad/cbcᐵ>cd4.2.3fghijk4-19lm/ᔠᱥMpqmᑺA.Brghis.&'cḄᐵ>᝞]4-4ᡠu:N1w&'c-0OexyzḄ{|})ᑮ~N2
ecdAḄdḄ᳛})ᑮ~N3
BᑺᑺMBN1
)Mn2
A23
B(9ᑺNᑺ

68]4-4ghin.&'cḄᐵ>cdk4-20ᙠ25࠷Ḅ஺ᑺr)&'(7.36X10-3g/mLḄ/Ḅghi(0.248g/cm2,+C᪵Ḅ78ᑖ:;<.0>ᦪA,ᢣᡠ)78ᑖ:;<᪵2Ḅᙳ஺41MB஺᝱@A=0-=RT—2cMPQ=0.248g/c஻/,c=7.36xl03g/mL,R=8.48x1O,g.cm/mol-°KT=2980Kf/.M=8.48x104x298x736x10=7.5x105M0.248¡ᦪᙳ78ᑖ:;<஺k4-21ᢥ᯿0ᑺrghiḄᦪ¤¥¦§/ᱥḄ78ᑖ:;<10,000,ᙠ¨25࠷@&'(1.17g/dl,©⚜«ghi¬MB஺ᑺ4=0®¯>8.48><1஺4gm/஻஺/*298²³´"(%R=0.0082,7t=2.86x103=lAlmmHg)k4-22p25࠷,
·¸&'Ḅ/ᵬḄghi¡᝞FBcX103(g/cm3)1.552.562.933.805.387.808.68ghiNg/cn?
0.150.280.330.470.771.361.60C+/Ḅᦪᙳ78ᑖ:;<ஹ0>ᦪA2.HugginsºᦪX஺PQpNᵬ=0.8623/»ᓣPN/=1.087/½ᓣ஺MB-=RT(^-+AC2jr\-8C]ᡈᵨᨬÁ0Âj)

69"xlO-3(cM0.0970.1090.1130.1240.1430.1740.184(1){|KT'-=0.0774x103M—8.48xl04x298M=-------------------=3.26n0.0774xl03(2)᳛R74=1.23x104“1.23xl04A-,—---------3------=-8.48X104X298বZ,ᓃ=Åᔩ஺Ç10669஻%஺/Z,=1-4.87xl0-4xl06.69xl.0872=0.4390.201—X1O-30.18C0.140.120.100.080.061123456789cX103(g/cm3)]4.5------Cᐵ>cdCk423PSḄᵬeghi
)ᑮ\@¡஺'298஺É஺Ê@ËJIV02\--RT—c8c]e{|M,e᳛Flory-HugginsÌᦪÍ஺7

70PQ§ᑖ:PSÐ=0.9259cm3/g,ᓃ=—L,MPτᑖØ(ᵬḄ78ᑖ:PP\;<.Ù'஺c/10Vm31.552.562.933.85.387.88.68Jt/gem"0.160.280.320.470.771.361.6MBᓃ=Ú1=106.3R=8ASx\04g-cm/mol-°K0.867c/103gcm31.552.562.933.85,387.88.68■(¥3ஹ¥--RT-c2103.1109.0108.7122.8141.3170.5179.61/NJJRTe]4-6r){|——=80.36M1805XM=3.14xl05140L)᳛120/fV2V1ஹãäᓃã"39x1஺1OoL80—A1♦1al.»»02468CZ,=0.44(¥3ஹ]4-6--RT—c2bcᐵ>cdMJk4-24eghiᦪ¤)/æç(è,,=2.5X1()5)êë5Ḅ0>ᦪ(6.31X10".CD&'(10X101/1Ḅìghi(25࠷).M:í=îᔁ+ñ=ᕣ5+&஺)=8.48x104x298xL0xl0-8(g/cô3)x(—L_+6.31xl0-4xl.0xl0-81NQX1V=0.2527X(4X10-6+6X10-12)=1.01x10-6g/c/=9.9x10-5

71îöA2c⚗î\ùᶍᵫCýÁ஺k4-25@☢e/ᙠÿḄ20࠷ḄḄᦪ஺ᵨᑺḄh⊤ḄL48g/cn?,)ᦪᙳ+,ᑖ./0஺1(g/dl)0.570.280.170.10h/cm2.8291.0080.5210.275<=7T=p-hC(g/dl)0.570.280.170.10“(g/cm2)4.1871.4920.7710.407X10-2(c஻2)7.3455.3294.5364.070FG(HI=—=3.4xl02MN஺M778.48X104X293,-4M„=-------------F-----=7.3x103.4xl02O4-26PQHRḄᵬQTUᑮW஺X298࠷஺YZ-RT1721T73-=——+RT(x)(——%)c+RT(——)/+…Ḅ`abc⚗efᡠḄ0c2^/c-RT(V/3ᓃ)஺2,cFGTiḄjklm᳛)+,ᑖ./0M,Flory-Hugginsxᦪ/஺V=0.9259cn?/g,V.=MJp,^ᑖ{|ᵬQḄ+,ᑖ./0ஹ஺.c/10-3gcm-31.552.562.933.805.387.808.68%/gem”0.160.280.320.470.771.361.60_RT1721173<=ᐭxᦪᑣ=---eRT(—)(----/)c+RT(---)c~4—cMV,213K7T/c-6.27X104c2=RT/M+2.03X105)c᝞G4-7ᡠ஺Tjk=79,=0.443,Tm᳛=0.116X1()5,M=3.2Xlo'g/mol஺

72G4-7(^/C-6.27X104C2)cᐵGO4-27PR᪵ᦪᙳ+,ᑖ./0|428,000g/mol,25࠷ᙠQbᦪJ=94.5cn?/g,25࠷QḄ|1.119/cm3,PᔠᱥḄ7.0lO^mol/dn?QḄ(g/cn?).ᎷU|ᳮ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨.<=1c=7.0x10-6x4.28x1()5/12.996x10-3g/cn?8.48432X10X298X2.996X10~1+-X94.5X2.996X10-34.28xl0520.177x1.303=0.231g/tv”2ᎷU|ᳮᐔ=-C=0.177g/cffl2Mn©ª|1.3«¬©ᶍ஺O4-28.PᔠᱥḄ¯1ᨵ᝞G4-8Ḅজ²¥¦1ஹ2ஹ3cᡠ+,ᑖ./0Ḅ³´µঝ·1l3¸᪵ḄPᔠᱥᙠ¬¸ᑺᡠḄ¹º»§¨¼ᨵ½¬¸¤ঞ·1l2¨¿ḄPᔠᱥᐹᨵ+¸ḄᓄÂÃᡂᑣŨ¿ᡠᵨᑺᔲ+¸¤¬+¸ÇÈ¿ᡠᵨḄᑺ|¦Éᑺ¤

73jrG48ÊPᔠᱥḄcGcTT1TT<:জÌ|Í=RT—+A,c+…ᡠW~FGḄjkᜧϯ+,ᑖ./0஻ᡂc\_MJcÐ¥஺Ñij1¯3ᡠ+,ᑖ./0+¸ÒÏ2ᡠḄ+,ᑖ./0஺TTঝÌ^FGᡠÓÔ¿Ḅm᳛ᜧÏ⊤A,ḄᜧϸPᔠᱥ¬¸ᑺÕᜧCᑺÕÖÉ×A2=0Çż|0Ø᝱§ÇḄᑺ|஺ᑺᐸ,ÛḄX|0X஺Üᯠ1|Éᑺ,ᜧᑖ.ᙠᜐßàØ᝱,ᐸ,ÛḄ¬,[7]=KMaa>g,Z>báுã᣸◀¼æᜧçµ3|஺¼ᜧᑖ.ᙠᜐèᯠØ᝱ᐸ,ÛḄ1------——,a—11%—\ih~—,᣸◀¼æ|ç஺ঞᵫ2Ḅ+,ᑖ./0ᜧ1Ḅ+,ᑖ./0¸Pᔠᱥ+,ᑖ./0ᜧḄ¥+,ᑖ./0ÏḄêᡠW¸ᑺ¸Pᔠᱥ+,ᑖ./0ᜧḄ|Ï+,ᑖ./0ÏḄA.ë1¯2ᓾᨵ+¸Ḅm᳛A,íî2ᵨḄᑺ¥1ÖÉ஺ï᜜ᵫ4Ḅ+22,ᑖ./0ñòឋô©ᑮ<õªG4-9஺ᵯ4''lgMG4-9ᙠÉᑺAḄ+,ᑖ./0ñòឋ2÷PQHR-ᵬQ¼øO4-29|ùúûUPᔠᱥḄ+,ᑖ./0¬üýô¬üýþ¤

74<=+,ᑖ./0ýÇÿ
⊈ឋ஺᝞ᙠḄḄ!ᙶ᪗$᜜&'()*☠஺,-ᑖ/0123ᑖ/*4567᡽ᦣ:;<.*?4-30ᎷEFGHᑖ/Ḅ,-ᑖ/0=1.07x107,ᜧᑖ/ḄOPQRSᳫO᝞U4-10,ᐸWXS14nm,ᵨFlor,uvwᑖ/ᙠxqᑺzḄ`abcdᦪ஺fg᪷iFlory-Krigbaumqᳮs:&1M-,=8V=1^(2/?yᐸzM6~X2὜2x(1.07xl07)2=2.42xl0-7(cm3-mol-g-2)U4-10ᜧᑖ/ᳫO{|U*?4-31᪷iFlory-Krigbnum᣸ᳮssᔠᱥqḄS⌕ᨵᐵfgᵫFlory-Krigbnum᣸ᳮs*:¡g_(14-=£4=-R7V2—+V1%)*¨qzqᑺḄᓄªAᐗᑡ®ᦪᨵᐵgq0Ḅ,-ᑖ/02,qᑺḄ᥅°ᓃ°,qc,³T,`abcdᦪ474=µ3"=ᓽᑖ/¸¹ᔆ»ᨵᐵ஺4.2.4¼,½4¾?4-32ᵨ¼,½4¿EFÀÁÂ᪵Ḅ,-ᑖ/0q(q)Åᵯ᫑)È⊝ÊË(AG,)ᦪi᝞:c(g-kg')36.4765.2781.08111.76657.61187.71456.02021.3AG,ᵨÑÒ,-ᑖ/0Ḅ᪗Eᱥ0(¿ᘤÔᦪKஹ=23.25Xl(y)ÖwÀÁÂḄ,-ᑖ/0஺

75Ac(i\fg---=K$---------FAVC2c,M“~,C(gjg-1)36.4765.2781.08111.76A%18.0318.1917.9518.09×ØÙcU41L᜜&ᑮcf0,(ÛÜ=18c•.T=U4-11»ÙcÝÞc4.4.3ᙳZᙳcwᑖxyḄ4.3.1ᐝᦣà¾?4-33áᐝᦣàḄᦪi*(ᑮA2,EឋᙢãSäåᐝᦣà½4æçᨵᐵFᔠᱥḄèdᑡqᙠ298Ké56½4êÅᐝᦣàëì(ᑮ᝞ᦪi:c(kg/m3)1.302.013.015.496.627tmmqᑺí7.0811.517.1033.241.10.3830.5580.7670.1801.325^(m')xlO2R,ᙠ90஺(ᑮḄᎷEîᨵᑁðñᦔó஺ÑÒno=1.513,dn/dc=\A\x10-4m3/kg,A.=4.358x107m,N=6.023x1023mol'1,Ap=903kg/m3,g=9.81m/s2,R=8.314J/K-mol

76uv7WÅô"õ7w/7“'.fg(1)Öᵨ“1+A2cMnpgh_903x9.81xh3.573—(mo//kg)/?•7÷8.314x298xcc(kg/m3)1.302.013.015.49hQn)708X10-311.15X10-317.10X10-333.2X10-3r8h៎Zkg)0.01950.01980.02030.0216RTr-cøÙc×URTcÛúû3=18.79xl0-3(஻?o//kg)MnMn=5.32X1()4g/ᵫ(2)Ö஻ý1±£2^-2Ac2R&MýV0=90°Kc1------=-=^+2A,c2þ஺Mw24/2(dnK=-------•0•N,•zlac.4^xl.51-x(l.llxl0-y_3i25x1Q56.023X1023X(4.358X10'7)C(kg/m3)1.302.013.015.496.62

77x\0\molkg)8.709.2310.0611.9212.80ZA90c2/?90/=7.70x10஻%,"“,=1.30x1()5g/஻'ব*44*4-34,-.PS1᪵ᙠ25cḄ56789Ḅᑖ;<=>?%°,AᑁCDᦔFGᵨᐝᦣKLMNOᑡᦪRScX103Ug/cm3W0.71.42.22.9190UX᪗ZW24374652ᵨ[᪗\GboU[W=15,ROU[W=4.85X10'emnU[W=1.4979,nU56W=91.3761,%c=°230஻%G4=436஻?஻Gbcd1᪵ḄeᙳXᑖ;ghijklmnᦪ஺pS%=qOr——-----------------------ryxl.37612X0.23026.023x1023x(436xlO-7)=1.82x106cm2/g2(2)xRz{[|90=15,R=4.85X10-5OH-',x}w/4.85x10-=3.23x10-6~஺=3.23x10-6.A஺(cT)

78MᦪR:cX103(g/cm3)0.71.42.22.9RX105(cm'1)7.7512.014.916.890xi(y(mo஻g)2/<900.821.061.341.57᪷R='+2A2cC4-122/?M-904-12Nᑖ516-^xlO1—=0.59x10-52஺SSM(mol/g)M=1.7xl05g/mol1.00.90.8᳛2"(-஺ᔻ1஺S0.70.6(2.2—0.7)xIO'0.50.0=3.47x10-3cX103(g/cm3)A,=1.73x10-35?3mo஻g24-12C*4-35nᑡPSḄ[78,ᙠ25࠷OᵨᐝᦣKLMNMᘤᙠZ6Ḅ&xl()4(mT)᝞O:c(kg/n?)^^^30°60°90°120°2.00108.971.653.261.81.5095.163.245.552.01.0075.749.034.839.60.5045.128.619.722.2bcPSḄ"wiᙳ᪷ᙠᦣK9ᜐ+2-+¡ᖛK*£922%=3.1416

79¤[ḄᢚK᳛1.502Jn/jc=1.08xl0-4m3/kgA=546.1nmN=6.023X1023morlApSK=2x3.14162xl.5022x(1.08xl0-4)2x-------------\-----------r-6.023x1023x(546.IxlO-9)=9.696x10-68x3.1416~/\2//rr¬13K'=——-----------rr-x(1.502)=6.637x109x(546.1x10-7®¯ᙶ᪗y=K(11cos-0R0Y0=30°0=60°0=90°0=120°c=2.003.116X1063.385X10-3.6453.922c=1.502.676X1062.8773.1963.496c=1.002.241X1062.4732.7863.061c=0.501.9322.1892.4612.730³ᙶ᪗sin?+10%2Sin2(6/2)+10'c30°60°90°120°2.000.2670.450.700.951.500.2170.400.650.901.000.1670.350.600.850.500.1170.300.550.800c=0Ḅµ¶ᵫ᜜¹c=0ºᵨOᑡsin2-Ḅ»¼½"ᡂḄ஺2030°60°90°120°.2஺sin-0.0670.250.50.752᜛=0Ḅµ¶ᵫ᜜¹0=0ºᵨOᑡ101CḄ»¼½"ᡂḄ஺C2.001.501.000.5010%0.200.150.100.05

80প•«%=%,ÃÄ10-6/.M=lAx\05g-inorlw1-2(2)c=0µḄ᳛h-K"MwJ_^j2.33-1.47)xlQ-^.i26xio6M0.75-0.067w2=116.In???*4-36ᐝᦣKMhḄᦪRÅNᑮA,ឋᙢÉÊËÌᐝᦣKÍÎÏÐÑᨵᐵ஺2pSᡃÕÅÖ7g×ZØÙÚÛ⊤ÝÞß⊝Gdºᵫ?Aáᑖ;âãäåæç×ZèZGéÍÎÏêèZXëG¶ìᔣ?ឮïðnᙢᙳឋ஺ñòóôḄ×ZèZGÎÏõ7gᑖ;ᜧ>Ḅ÷'UXFᦪø£ùúW"û>G×ZÚÛḄZõ7gXᑖ;gh÷'"÷'஺ñÎÏêiÚÛÐÑüḄýþᑗᐵḄᐵᐝᦣḄឋᵨAO24.3.24-37ᦪḄ!"#$%&Ḅn,'t⌕)᪵Ḅ+,-%&ᦪ!

81/012ᡈ[s]=[L°M°T]°4s=/-⁐•8ᑖᑖ:;஺=%?@A=ᶭ5«D᜜,GH⌕cordthI:஻প/r&
4«ᡈInr+t-4)+஺hh*4-38⊤4-4DPᜩᯠSTḄᦪUVᑺX0.1஻?஺/Z[3NaQ\V]?25࠷
,_`X48000rpm?`/ᑖ=?1
%᩽▲ᦪSo?1=Hc᪵Ḅᱯឋeᦪf]=152c"2gT,4ᑖhiXSj!klmZGh1-Vp=0.401,Vᑺe%=9.0x1T4n"஺o⊤4-4DPᜩᯠSTḄᦪUclgem33.030X10-32.016X10-31.008X103f/s"cmrb/cmt/srjem21606.348920406.266719806.303130606.415428206.329727006.367739606.485836006.394234206.434747406.544644406.464441406.502254606.600051606.534848606.5697tX12prXq☢;_`sḄtb/0?I
Inr=scert+const?3Xv=hDwxylnX4t)+%ssT=l/%
l+{c
᜜|ᑮc=0,&“=6.50x10-13$,&=i23c஻/gT2
ᵨ?1
ᡠ&ᑮḄ&ஹ1.50.5M712125.8xl04g/?zo/-1
100?Ḅ#$X20.9X104gmor'
*4-3920࠷1\sḄ⊈Ḅ᡽ᦣᦪD=6/X10"2s'o⊈ᑖh;mḄt10umᡠ◤⌕Ḅ12tSj!

8212/0t=-------X2Ds0fXᔜᑖhtḄᙳ஺t=-----1——-(lOxlO_6)2=0.8252x6.1x10-"V)*4-40.%20࠷1᥅§iM=6.45X104gmor',¯°V=0.75cn?gTḄ⊈µᑖhᙠ\sḄ᡽ᦣᦪI)஺kl⊈µᑖhḄ¸¹ᳫ¸ḄStokeswÀᡂÂ20C1\Ḅe7?=1.005xl0~3᱐஺/0ᵨ஺=y7/0s0kXÆᐻÈÉᦪTXÊ4ËÌXViᑖhḄ᥅Íᦪ஺᪷UStokeswÀ4ÏrḄÐឋᳫ0=6ᐔ(nXVᑺḄe)஺Ꮇw⊈µᑖhḄ¸¹XÏrḄᳫÒḄÓ8X*=df/N,3M=64.5kgmol',V=0.75X10-3m3kg-1,N=6.02X1023A'3x64.5x1஺!=26.8X1()T°Øஹ4x3.1412x6.02x1023)"஻=1.005x10-3m&f=6ᐔrrt0=6X3.1412X26.8X10-10X1.005X10-3=5.08X10^"kgs'Úklk=1.38X10-23kgm2s_2,T=293.2KkT_1.38X1Q~23X293.2=7.96X10-117«V77-—5.08x10""4.4eᙳ4ᑖhiḄÞw4.4.1eßÞ4ᑖhi4-41ᵨeßÞwàDPSc᪵Ḅ4ᑖhi#$ᙠâV]s30࠷ãäḄåæᐜèé0.1375gc᪵êᑴᡂ25mLḄPSDâV]ᵨ]íé10mLHV]îᐭeðsÞñòñ12Z=241.6óᯠôõ[ᐭâ5mLஹ5mLஹ10mLஹ10mLö÷ᑖøÞ&òñ12t2=189.7ót3=166.0ót4=144.4ót5=134.2ó஺ᨬôÞ&úâḄòñ12û=106.8ó஺"üsý&PSDâÓᙠ30࠷1&K=0.99Xl(y2,.74,a==0᪵Ḅᙳᑖ஺0=0,375g=0.0055g.஻஻r=106.8"0°25mL°ᑡ⊤12/31/21/31/4

83t241.6189.7166144.4134.2nr=t/to2.2621.7761.5541.3521.257nsp=nr-11.2620.7760.5540.3520.257Inq/c0.8160.8620.8820.9050.915rnsp/c1.2631.1641.1081.0561.028$%4-14᜜'([஻]'=0.95lnq./F[7]=0.95/0.0055=172.7mLg%/c'"]=0.99x103/74AG=5.4x105c%4-14ln%/c',Inzjc'-c'ᐵ/%04-42PMMA᪵1ᙠ345630࠷89(᝞8ᦪ<:>nr?>c(g/100mL)1.170.2751.2150.3441.6290.8961.8921.199@APMMAB34C/30࠷D[஻]=5.83xl0-5EvEv,HugginsFGḄHᦪK'.$⚪5ᦪ<JKᑡ⊤᝞87P/(4/g)In/ᔊ](d஻g)0.1700.6180.1570.5710.2150.6250.1950.5670.6290.7020.4880.5450.8920.7440.6380.532M%O,In%ᑖP?>Q%RSTUm=0.577V/g,

84f[7]//0.577—[5.83x10-5JB15.83x10-5J=355,000ᑭᵨ%5^_`RaᐭHugginsFG,0.702d//g=0.577d//g+R(0.511dl/g)2(0.896g/J/)(/=0.4204-43noᑖpᑺC/ḄK,aᑖPt3.0Xv,0.70.Ꮇ᝞B᪵Ḅ?>U2.5X10%/ml,ᙠ>5Ḅz{D|145.4}RpᑺḄz{D|U100.0}RᵨB`~᪵Ḅᑖ஺B`~=2(BIn/)145.4=1.454%=0.454100.0/.M=159.7஻?஻gM=3.0X1CT?%70M,=2.10xl05z04-44Ꮇ᝞ᨵB■᪷ᝍ>RK—2.00x10~cm,L=11.0cm,V-4.00cm1,h=16.0cm.ᙠM895ᵫ6ᦋᩭ¡ᜧḄ£ᑖ¤¥?(1)9¦§Ḅ¨>Rᙠ20࠷8z©D|170}.(2)PMMA¦§p¬Ḅ>RzD|230}.(1)ὃ⇋᪥r)^RhgPt--°B8LV8²LtᐔR&hgpt³ὃ⇋᪥஻'=———8LV¦§¨>Ḅ£ᑖ¤¥U´ঢ=—,1஻ᐔR'hgtVV71tV2~7T2R4hgt2-V2(2)ὃ⇋᪥At~BtAt-BtQQ

854ᐔRhgA7.034X10-5C/M2-528LVV,B=-------=0.01447c¸28²Lt=2305,%=170s,7=1.357r³ὃ⇋᪥/=0=1.353fPMMAp¬>(£ᑖ¤¥¹%=-0.3%%04-45nPS᪵Rº{»¼ᑖ½¾R(ᑮÀÁÂᑖRᵨÃÄÅ~9Æᔜ½ᑖḄᑖRÈᙠ30CḄÉp¬59Æᔜ½ᑖḄᱯឋ>RJKᑡ68⊤E“xl()T(g/R7w/)43.2531.7726.1823.0715.8912.624.83[l]\mL/g)14711710192705929᪷<ÍÎᦪ<Ï©>ÐÑᔊ]=KM"5ḄÒÁHᦪK,஺Ó஺ln["]=lnK+alnMMlr)M]InMQ%4-15,ln[?Ô]4.994.764.624.524.254.083.37

86M12.9812.6712.4812.3511.9811.7510.79%4-151n[஻]ÕInAfᐵ/Ö×$%4-15ÍÏ©Ø᳛a=0.74STK=0.99*10-2(ÚÛ⌕᜜'ᑮlnM=0)

8704-46ÝÉÞßBàáâp¬ᙠ35࠷DU஺p¬Rᵨ>~9(ãD(ᱯឋᦪ7L=37.5mL@AEஹ,=2.5xl()5,Ïå᡾çèஹå᡾éêëì,íឋîÓ஺஺ïḆ\jl\o=M%=2.84x1()23"஺ñòó=1.518x10-8((4.Eᡝ=3.2x10%”(ö=Ô÷ó=1.3x10øùᳮûÍüýþêçè(1.54X10-8)2=1.5x10-6a*,/=3.2/1.5(ᦻb=2.17)4-47.ᵫᓫᔠᡂḄᓄᑖ!"ᑖᐹᨵḄ%ᑖ&'()*+,ᙠ᪵/ᑺ1ᓄᑖ!"ᑖḄᱯឋ45Ḅᜧ7)89:;<஺9>ᐹᨵ%ᑖ&'?@ᔠᱥ/ᙠ?/ᑺ1)ᓄḄᱯឋ45B஻DEBF!஺ᨵCq()Cq)Dᳫᑁ)qᑁG)q(q)Ḅy஺(BqᑁḄAq1☢5Iᐵ)¡Tylᦋ£¤5{|}~)

88°±+wᨵqC(⌕7஺wᨵqC(ᡂGᝍo45p)´y{|45}~)µ¶·}~)/¸¹º»¼.449ᐸ½}~%ᑖ&'ḄO¾+,)45¾ᨵstᨵ¿À9>ÁÀ>1
ÂᜓÄᓫ)Å◤45p)ᐸ½ÇÈÉÊËdᵨÂᜓ஺2
ÌuOÍ)ÎᐸÈno45p)Ïᑴ?Ñ/Òyl}ÓÑÀ஺Ô3
ÕÖ5,×஺QspḄØÖ5G0.2Ù1%஺Ô4
〉ᵨfIXIO,Ù]XḄ,ÚÜ)〉ᔠf%ᑖ&'Ḅ}~஺¿À>1
ÅÈ?Ý%ḄO¾)ÅᨵᙠÞßKஹaḄáâãyᵨ)}~ḄäåḄæpçèKஹaᩭêᨵᐵ஺2
ᵫf45%ë5ìíឋ,ᜧ)¹ºᙠ»¼Ḅឤëᩩð}~஺3
ñ%ᑖ&'òf5ó()ᵫfôõö!ᐵ÷)øᵨùú?ûëüa¯°,ᜧ,ª(ýþÿᵨ
[஻]=K'M%+K஻MStockmayer,1963

KᓽᦻḄKK”ḄᦪᙠᔜᳮḄ஺4
ᱥḄ"ᓄ$%&[n],'()*&+,ᑖ./012Ḅ34ឋ஺6᝞8⏚:;<"ᓄ=ᜧḄ?ᱥ12@Aᑮ)*஺CDEᩭᑭᵨ"ᓄHḄᔠᱥḄJHKLᵨJHMNO12ᱥP"QḄ"ᓄH஺"ᓄHḄ2RS
+,ᑖ./02T[Vᓄ/[Q]XY64-50JHM12EZ᝞[\]^H34_`
1aᔠᱥ᪵c⌕ᵨᑖ᪆ᜩg34h0EiTjklmᐙᑖop\]q/ᙠirᑁl
jkᵨᰚṺvᧅEixᵨiyEiOziy{|ᐭ{~)*a஺4Ḅ12jkᵨᜫM12ḄᔠᱥqrḄ^H஺2
jkᵨr34ᐭ2Ḅqr஺qrT⌕qrᙳᒴrDᐭ3ᳫ☢Ḅrᳫ|opa஺3
12T⌕ᢕT12T¡P¢z^H@£¤ᦋ¦஺4
ᨬ⌕ᵨᔾ©ḄªMᔾr«S¬®@¯qᑺᢵ£'(²³^HḄ¦ᓄ஺NO´ᵨ©ḄªM஺64-51JHM12µqᑺqrḄ¶TO·¸S¹_`
µqᑺḄ¶T⌕ºE100s,»᪵NO¼ᶍ¾x᪥À10ÁKÂ=®஺C¶T¡PÂ@ÃÄ᦮12EZTEPqr^H@£¤ᦋ¦஺qrḄ¶TO%=1.1Æ2SÇ஺¡^ḄqrÈ/ÆcÉXᕈËÌXឋÍ«ᑖ.+ÎÏᵨÐÑ(¡ḄqrT12ḄK®)*12H஺64-52ÒMÓÔᱯឋJᦪḄÖ·×ᨵ?Ù“,ᢚM”ÝÞᐸÍᳮ஺`:T-cnSᙠáâyno/cãInn,./cäÒḄ,ᢚᦪå4—16
஺æç]Ð
,èឋXᑖ.n=2,é¸0"ᓄᑖ.n=3êqᑺa,é·0"ᓄᡈìíὶᑖ.n=4஺,ᢚḄáMïãInð,ñᑖ«(nòᜧòóô

89InqöM÷nḄÁKᙠ1%Oᑁ஺»áMÂᵨᩭ]Ð᜜ùMäᩩûXḄüᔲÀ4þÿᐭ/cclnn,./cᢚᦪnḄᑖḄ஺4-16[஻]~C4-53᝞ᑖ!᝞"#$⊤&ᱯឋ))*ᑖḄᑖ+,-./0ᐵ23aஹ567ᳫbஹᙠ஺:ᑺ<Ḅ=ᵫ?@ABCcஹᙠ஺:ᑺ<ḄD@ឋCEFaஹ67ᳫᱯឋ)*MAᐵbஹnGHIMCஹnGHIM"24-54JK=ᵫ?@CLD@ឋCMNO᩽Q"Ḅ᥅STULVW(ᑖ+,)Ḅᐵ23EFI=ᵫ?@CᎷ[\ᶍ^ᵨI`VabḄUḄc^ᵨᑣCḄ᥅SUGHIeᡂgᑖVḄV⁚Ḅᦪijk/OCM஺IDl?@CVaḄc^ᵨUmᜧop:ᑺqᨵᦔᙢᣓvᙠCᑁx஺jk᥅STUGHICḄᱯyz{᝞|}~(S2)5f=constFod"=constFo-M(ᐸ

90ᓝ*3ஹ…°±:ᑺ5ml5ml10ml10ml¡lOcn/:¢3“3஻315cm320cnr30cm40cm3(s)152.99223.02197.28185.14173.72167.98EFCX107g.em-31.0120.6750.5060.3370.250%0.4640.2950.2150.1400.102(0p/c)/,ᶭgi45.8543.7042.4941.5440.80A[7]=39.4cm3Òᐭ[Ó=39.0x1OHÖ஺56,p×,,=22.4X10,஺4.4.2)*ØÙÚḄᐸÛÜᦪ4-57Ꮇ[PSᙠ30࠷Ḅß:¢<Ḅ᡽ája=1.73,[7]=147ml/g,×Mark—HouwinkÜᦪK=0.99x10-2,74,ªA᡾z{ᡈLì/஻})a=0î.(%=2.84x1023mol'1)321EF1="%3(1)ᐜª஺°=00(1-2.63C+2.86/)2a—12x0.74-1£=-------=-=---0-.--1-6-------33×ô=2.84X1()23õ0/T.•,^=1.85xl023mo/-1(2)ªM[]=0.99x10-2஻஺.74M=433919=4.34x10532(3)(PM'2a3\7

91(4)AQ=1.64X10"C/??24-58Ꮇ[ᨵNOᔠᱥALB,ᐸᑖ+,ᑖùú=2.0xl05mol,gz=1.8xl06g/moL¤pᐸᙳýþQÿ£=6.4xl()4nm,hl=8.1xl05nm,᡽%=2/a,Mᨵᐵ#$%&'ᵨᩭ*+$,-.ᑖ01᪵3Ḅ56ឋ஺9A;<=᪵-.ᑖ01>ᐵ#A;?@#ᑖA?56஺BC᝞E⊤:h2/nm~aHᔠᱥMAA2.0X1056.4X10320.283B1.8X1068.1X10'30.22456ឋN஺O4-59RSHTUVWXYZ[\(I)Ḅ஺^_34࠷,HTUVWᵬT[\(II)Ḅ0^_b34C,Ꮇe40Cᙠghijᑺlᑖmne,WHTUV=᪵Ḅopq

92¸4
ᵫᙠ$jᑺl+¹º#[»+@#¼9@-.ᑖ01½ᑖ+¾ᙢopÀÁ#“Ä@#¸Å/c
croÆb஺ÇÈÉᩭᨵEᐵ\[\஺^_jᑺឋ%A?■yËaaಘ஺)20PSWXYZ34+Í@ᜧ@@@@ÆbPSWᵬT<34+ᜧ@ᜧᜧᜧᜧÎ*+hi[\Mu>M»*+hi~Mr>~MsOÏ.᪗09jᑺÑ#~µFloryÒÓÔÕÖᑖḄÏ7௃<-.ᑖ01M,Ḅᐵ\ظMark—Houwink—Ùᵪᐵ\ØÑ=lÛÜ஺jᑺa=0.5,jᑺa=0.8஺g᜜Þß©jᑺlkḄᱥᳮáâ஺:(1)஺jᑺl#<-.ᑖ01>ᐵ#9µ஺jᑺl&=1,.•.“=å.jᑺ#᪷ÒÓÔÕ#஻8攼¸1
Ø8஻,%,O%஺ocM%°#/.a=0.8g᜜#”èᑺla=l,¼¸1
Øk⊤éᑖAᙠ>᡾᝱EḄÖ᝱

/X/M஺4.4.3$,neḄ*+O4-61ëᨵHᔠᱥAஹBஹC,-.ᑖ01ᑖmᙠ500å100,000å1,000,000▬î#ᵨneïðḄ-.ᑖ01}ñ-op100ò10,000óᦪឋ1,000ò35,000Os5,000—100,000LS100,000-5,000,000gAᵨVPO,BᵨOsᡈLS,CᵨLSO4-62ôᨵEᑡöiHᔠᱥ=᪵1
-.ᑖ012XIO?ḄX÷᪛ᾦå2
-.ᑖ012X104ḄHúVûå3
-.ᑖ012X105ḄHTUVå

934
-.ᑖ012X1
6Ḅᜩᯠýþ.ÿ
ᐸᙳᑖᑖᢣ᪵ᵨḄᨬ〉Ḅ!ᡠ#ᙳᑖḄ$%&'.)প+,ᑖ᪆.“VPO0,22
34.',2
ᐝᦣ7.Q23
34.,2ᐝᦣ7.“24
9:;M„
,34.஻஺5.4.1ᑖ>?@!ᑖ>AᦪC5-1DᐺFḄᑖᑖ>?@G᪗IᑡᑖK1
ᦪᙳᑖ2
Lᙳᑖ3
Zᙳᑖ4
3ᙳᑖ.)KᐺFḄᑖᑖ>?@᝞IN5-2஺MiN5-2OᔠᱥḄRᑖLᑖ>?@C5-2.STᑖᑖ>ḄU@VWXYZ[ὶ@VW஺)K]OᱥᑖT^_Ḅᦪ`ᜐᳮcᵨdeஹAᦪ〉g!Tᑖᑖ>ḄU@VWhiὅᡠ#Ḅᑖᑖ>kl^ᑖᑖ>ᨵnoḄVW஺pᡠ◤Ḅᦪ`kder.ᡠ◤ḄTᑖᦪᓾtuvw5x6yTᑖᓽ{NḄ|t}~#ᑮḄgᵨ஺1ᎷKজvyTᑖḄᑖᑖ>ᵨℏ!Aᦪ⊤yTᑖLᑖᦪ"
=0.5ᜐḄᑖTᑖḄLᙳᡈ3ᙳᑖ஺ᓽ/(M)=l—exp(-஻)=0.5/(M)=l—exp(-Ḅ)=0.5

94ঝvyTᑖ|ᨵvḄᑖᑖ>᝞N5-3ovyTᑖZᑖᑖ>tN5-3ZḄ?@VW¡V¢vᩩU@᝞N5-4,¥ᩩU@¦TᑖḄᙳᑖḄv§ᜐk¦TᑖL¨Ḅv§ᜐḄ©@஺2N5-3vTᑖḄᑖᑖ>N5-4vTᑖḄᑖᑖ>2{NKN5-5ZM|ஹM2ஹM3ஹMᑖvஹ®¯°±TᑖḄᙳᑖ.஻4_111ᡈM,,,²4/“IA”gḄ·ᙶ᪗2M2,A”gḄ·ᙶ᪗5M3,,,…஺A'kvTᑖḄ,%Ḅ©@Ḅ¼½@A'*ḄLᑖ>?@A஻B"®TᑖḄ2Lᑖ>?@¯TᑖḄLᑖ>?@••…ÀÁÂ¥᪵{ḄNyTᑖᑖᑖ>ÃÄÅÆḄ஺N5-5Z?@1A|ஹA2ஹA3ஹA4ᔜTᑖLḄZ[©@ᓽde©Ḅᑖ>?@஺Éᯠ¥ÃËὃ⇋ᑮᔜTᑖÅÆ{Ḅ?@஺NZḄ?@2Ãὃ⇋ᑮᔜTᑖḄÅÆḄ?@2Ã¥᪵{ḄKᵫ¢vTᑖkᐸpTᑖÏÅÆᦑA1tÑ2®Tᑖk¯TᑖᨵÅÆᐸÅÆÒᑖḄ]442ᡠhA?gÔÕÖ×ØᑮArᳮA3gÔÕÙ×ØᑮÚ,A4tÑ஺¥᪵#AÛஹ&ஹÝ!A©¡vÞᐝßḄ?@2,à¦᪵áḄᑖ>?@

95N5-5Tᑖᑖ>U@VW&NC5-3▬Wj,W(M),°I(M)Ḅᱥᳮ&'Ããäåᑏpçk““!Ḅᐵé஺)KWi——TᑖḄLᑖᦪê——TᑖḄLW(M)——ᑖḄRᑖLᑖ>AᦪᐸgḄ?@RᑖLᑖ>?@஺I(M)——ᑖḄᑖLᑖ>AᦪᐸgḄ?@ᑖLᑖ>?@஺pçkM“MwḄᐵéᑖ:ফM(3)M-=UC5-4î
ᐝᦣ7#ï]OᱥᔜTᑖḄᑖðñ᝞⊤5-2K⊤5-2ᐝᦣ7#Ḅï]OᱥᔜTᑖḄò:óᑖTᑖLᑖᦪᑖ

9610.101200020.192100030.243500040.184900050.117300060.0810200070.0612200080.04146000%ô.“.W°1ஹb”,GõLᑖ>?@ஹRᑖLᑖ>?@ஹᦪRᑖLᑖ>?@!Rᑖᦪᑖ>?@.---I)K——=32291RMjM==51760wd=1.603(y-M“Mw-Ml¯ᑖ>?@V/,=2¨+Z%Nin2>i=Tᑖ÷ø¨MNj¨IgM,x10.100.05120000.2698.333X10Ý4.079620.190.195210000.2929.048X10-4.32230.240.41350000.2216.857X10-64.54440.180.62490000.1193.673X10-64.69050.110.765730000.0491.507X10-64.86360.080.861020000.0257.843X10-75.00970.060.931220000.0164.918X10'75.08675.16480.040.981460000.0092.740X10-X30.968X10-6N5-7RᑖLᑖ>?@N5-6Lᑖ>?@

97N5-9Rᑖᦪᑖ>?@N5-8ᦪRᑖLᑖ>?@N5-10ᦪRᑖᦪᑖ>?@*C5-4î
ᑖ>Aᦪ1--(M-M+A)M-\M04üKপஹMwஹM(2)A=MᓽJ=1M“KMwuå(3)€=0.10,0.25,0.5,0.75,1.0w/":/w.

98w(x)5-11ᔠᱥḄW(M)Mᐵ:(1)ᔩM-Aᓝᯅ-M+M-dM(2+M+!"#=[\dMMM1'+AM+A]_.——%-----dM+•—dMJw-a"A-M0M-AM-Af,1,11M+A,M+A1——(—In--In-------+——%—In—1---------AA-IMM—SAMAMMM+A,M+A——(—In—------+——--In——zA'M-AAM2M

99M++M-A)ln*M-A)++M+A)ln*M+A)]ᗔ+ᢓ.2dM/*A)*2MA—N+/*0+A)*2MA+A2+yA/3-*M-A)3-*M+A),+M3/
-2M2A++2MA2-A3+2M2A+«+2A/A2+A3113M2A-3MA2+"-3/21_302_/^*2/1-4MA2-2A/

100M~M=^W+M-M2dMZ=*13*஻2dM-M+A)M2dM+*41*-M+M-M3dM-j+4¡-A)M2dM+J-y*A+M-M2dM-¢M3dM1j/MA-+M-A)4~+M+A)4+M+S/-M}A24._=1>=3_*=_?@=—/*12A2A242A2+2A4)+2A=-3M2--A2+4M2+-A223M2+-A26M1+ফDS=1Mn=M—7EM=-Mz6———17M:M:MF=----=0.722:1:1.167nw21n26=1:1.386:1.6173
0.100.250.500.751.00____1.00171.0111.0461.1251.386M/Mwn1.00171.0101.0421.0941.167M/Mzw*5-5ᎷJKᔠᱥḄLMᑖOPQᑖRSᦪUn(mVae"m,ᐸXn(m)dmULMᑖOPQYmᑮm+dm[\ḄᑖOᑖᦪ஺^_a=b,#`a%bᦪᙳdeᙳLMᑖOPQfghᑖᦣᢣᦪ஺

101(b)kᑖeQᙠᑖRmnoᨬᜧrḄLMᑖOPQ஺%ᵫtn(m)dmUᑖOᑖᦪftu[n(m)dm=l,ᓽJaebnidin=l[(a/b)e-bm]o=lᡠga=b(a)A/n=jmae-bmdm/jae'b,ndm-binj-bmioo-bmimaedm=r[------eJ+-[redmo0rbb=a/b2=-bMw=£m2ae77=([-m2e-bin/b]o£me-bnldm)/£meb"'dm=—d=Mw/Mn=2(b)W=m-n(m)=ame-bmykᑖeQᑖRmnḄ▤{ᦪU|dw/dm=a(1-mb)e-bm=0ᓽm=l/b5.2£¤de¥Ḅᑖ¦§¨5-6ᙠL}⊝ᳮXf/*ஹ/'//ஹRஹ7(d(•Ḅᱥᳮu#(PḄLMᑖOPQgFlory஺Ḅᐵ஺%ᙠL}⊝ᳮX%/——fuLᑖfᑺᙠᑺ-ᑺXᡠᓰḄᑖᦪ஺f'/f——ᱥᙠLdLḄeQᑖᦪrR---LdLḄT——¡¢ᐳft¤(ᙠ¥¦Ḅ§¨)ᑖOªUᙳᒴḄªf¬ct¤ᓽᑖULZ——Lᑖ¡¢ḄᵫrlfT——®f6Ḅᐵ%c(1)M¯ᜧf£¯f±²⊤´1/ᐗᨵnឋᐵ஺(2)«ULMᑖOPQ¹tº»ᜧḄᔠᱥḄ¡¢ᐳ5-7¼½ᑖ¾Ḅ¿ÀÁÂfᢣÃÄÀÁÂḄÅÆ஺%(1)ÇᓾÂf(2)ᑺᢵÊÂf(3)ËÌᑺ஺(1)ᐹᨵᙠÎÏXÐÑḄÅfÒÓ▲tMÕÖᙠ×ᡈÙ¬t×ÚÛᐰ

102Ḅᔠᱥ஺*2)ᐹᨵÝÞḄÅfÒßÚàOᢵÊឋᑺdᐹᨵáJឋḄᔠᱥ஺*3)ᨬâãäᵨfÒæᑺ/ÌᑺᨵᦔឋḄ▲ᑴf#◤ᜧQᑺ஺5-8êëìíLMᑖOPQUM2,ᙠîïðXḄñòóᦪUôóᦪ)d0*6).õ᪷÷Flory-HugginsᳮḄ⊝ᩩ᪵Ḅᢣᡠ᪷Ḅ!"PS%&'()*Ḅ+஺-ᵫFlory-Hugginsᳮ9:;ᑖ=Ḅ>?ᩩ@1111ᯠ%2+F+2G1+4ᵫFlory-Krigbanmᳮ@”=“1-3QRSTUᑖVWXᵨ2Zᓽ\ᔠ^_XaᦪV,0,ᑭᵨᐵ*!UfḄXL=஺=RT-------_7+2/=0ஹu-T,P.c.1-

103211(ὶ¡¢}n஺2,=%£Ze=-1+,1+521{5-10ᵨᑖ¤¥¦§\¨©ª᪵ᑖᡂ10«¤ᑖ¬T®¯«¤ᑖḄ°XḄ᩽▲³ᦪ(ᓽᱯឋ³ᦪ)ᦪᑡ¹⊤5-3஺R»³^vUᑖVWXḄᐵ*¼_[஻]=1.35xl0஺"஺஺¾ᵨ¿À¥"Áª᪵ḄÂðXᑖÄlmI(M)ÅM,¬ᵨᓝÇ¥ᐸᙳUᑖVWXM“Ê⊤5-3§\˨©ÌͤᑖḄ°XḄ᩽▲³ᦪ¤ᑖÎÏ°XᑖᦪஹMÖ¤ᑖÎÏ°XᑖᦪWi×10.0900.1860.1640.9620.0780.3870.1061.3130.0540.4680.1841.7540.0900.5790.0342.1450.1040.75100.0962.51I-@Ð/,•=1Ñ+X%21ÎÏ°Xᑖ/.—3ÎÏMI,—,A/,xlO-3MixlO-3ᦪÒ10.0900.0452.460.1640.49833.620.0780.1297.770.1060.69355.130.0540.19510.580.1840.77887.340.0900.26714.790.0340.887120.150.1040.36422.7100.0960.952154.71.0I(M)0.80.60.40.20.050100150MXIO-3+5-13ÂðXᑖÄlmÓᓝÇÔMi:I0.050.150.250.350.450.550.650.750.850.95——2.47.514223042.56081108155M,xlO-3

104___10%=0.0%=0.1x522.4x1
35.2xl04=/=!=—^ߟ=——-~~r=1.3xio47L0.768x10-3{5-11¦50.0g\ᔠᱥ᪵ÙÚÛᑖ¤¬ᵨ³^¥UᑖVWXÜÝ᝞⊤5-4,⊤5-4§\ᔠᱥÌͤᑖḄUᑖVWX¤ᑖ°XMv11.52,00025.550,000322.0100,000412.0200,00054.5500.00061.51,000,000পᎷᯫ¤ᑖâãᓫᑖᦣḄÐæw/æ“2
çènéᩭ\ᔠᱥḄæ“_7000,ëìí«ÜÝ1
ÐḄÜÝîï_ðñòᨵôõ.ö÷ø%ùéú.ûü@íãýþÿḄপ“=4.34X10450g=4.07X10447g=1.72X10550g=1.84X105d=3.9650g4.547g2
50gᔠᱥᑖᡂ6ᑖ6ᑖḄᨵ47.0g,ᨵ3gᑖ!"#Ḅ$ᑖ%ᯠ'ᙠᑖḄ'ᑺ*+3g#ᑖ!"ᱥᜧᜧ-#.Mn/஺5.312⁐4GPC
55-12.PSḄ67ᔬᗏ':ᵨGPC<=>log"=-0.1605ᓃ+10.6402V333435363738394041eHj6.038.039.524.511.05.02.51.00.5AM”ஹAf,“Cd஺1________1________M=n£(%”)I(%/Z—)/M]j=li=l

105/MJ•Mj>;=1i=\0.04690.29690.30860.19140.08590.03910.01950.00780.0039MjXlO-52.2061.5251.0540.72810.50320.34770.24030.16600.114in5,~Mn=--------=8.22x104,=1.0839X105=10.8X1041.2171d=K"M,=L3155-13]ᨵ$ố᪗᪵`abcd'ᑺᙠ25࠷<=GPC4fᐸᑖ!"MghTXYᓃᑡj⊤5-5⊤5-5kốḄᑖ!"MghTXYᓃḄᐵmMX10-438.527.422.010.67.124.50ᓃoᦪ18.218.218.520.821.823.6MX10"2.551.951.290.750.51Veoᦪ25.026.427.729.229.61ᵫ⊤5-5*ᦪNOIgM-ᓃ᪗=RSATU⁐4VḄWXYV஺CᑖZ\஺2
AT᪗=pqrIgMᓃ*ḄsᦪACB஺3
Aᙠt᪵ᩩvw<>ḄhTXYd21.2Ḅᓫᑖᦣốz᪵Ḅᑖ!"஺IgA/5.595.445.345.034.854.654.414.294.113.883.71V=18.2,ᑖZ\0.75{27.4|104Mᑖ!"0ᵨᨬ~`ᜐᳮᦪNᑮᓝᐜAᙳ/V‘=24.125ClgM=4.57

106Sy=92.855S”=-12.478q♦ᓃ,lgMB=c=12.478/92.855=0.134ᓃA=IgM+BVe=4.57+0.134X24.125=7.803ᡠ᪥§pqrdlgM=7.803-0.134ᓃ¨ᓃ=21.2©M=9.2X104lgM=4.9655-14ᨵ«ᑖᦣốz᪵ᙠg55-13tḄᩩvwᡠ<>Ḅh¬4fjwf5-15®¯°±cḄ4fj²¯஺Ꮇ=ᑖ!"Ḅᑖ´µᦪ¶ᔠᦪ°᝱ᑖ´¸¹ốz᪵Ḅ“nCd,»A⁐4Vᦔ½¾V¿d2.24À0182022242628305234365840Yoᦪf5-15Áz᪵®g°±c²Ḅh¬4ff*ÂT5=23.7,0=8.3/4=2.075VlgM=7.803-0.134VÃ⚪ÅÆeÇ.Mp=42384B=0.134X2.303=0.3086M=M"BF=42384•/஺.30862/2=52Q29WP42384W`Ë*஺.30862/2M=M-e=32577npi+W\22438ÍᳮÎᛞШÑÒmHETP=——`=0.0014m16U7.4JÛ1ÜÝWᑗSgßᙶ᪗Ḅád§஺2ᓫᑖᦣḄ°±cVp=37.4,W=3.83¹Vᦔ©WâãᵨÑᑖ!ḄÜÝäᐭ஺55-15ᵫ55-14*ÁḄGPC4foᦪdᓫèfᑗᒘᡂêᑖÂ>ᔜᑖḄ

1074SÑÒHií⊤5-6⊤5-6kốḄâtᑖḄ4SÑÒᓃ181920212223242526272829Hஹ0893235425535550480325150380᪷NÃ⚪ᡠOḄ᪥§RSAᔜᑖḄᑖ!"»¹z᪵ḄCd,âὃ⇋ñÝᦔòᓃ181920212223242526272829Mx2.782.021.461.067.75.64.13.02.11.61.10.8IO-5M”,=õ~~L=5.27X104=3.77X104£HJM]d=1.4055-16Ꮇ=GPC4f¶ᔠ°᝱ᑖ´øù1¨Vdßᙶ᪗©Ü/ᑖ!"=A7„A7'2ÇÜ/ᑖ!"஺H1•ü“=M>e'2"…Mpd”F.+MM/2=+M-e-fi2/4.ÿ.
4r="PnwpF.M=M„Mv,/2pl1--ln24A//M5pফ/=----e1Mஹ1'1M1+----e'••21n0M᮱MMp

108,MB-F.In——=--Mp2M=Me~p1'2imnaasspB5-17GPCḄᙶ᪗ᦪ!ᙠ#$%ᑖḄ'(ᑖᦪ)!*+,-ᵨWrH/SHp/ᵨ01Ḅᐙᑖ3⌕ᩩ6789:;<="=?@/?@/“!!ஹஹ,=£HM஺BCᐙ⌕ᩩ6ᔜ%ᑖEFGHI!JKLM஺•••ᔜ%ᑖGHI!PLMᡂRWj-k'CiSKC/.Wj=kHiiii_HiiTCK”,P!•WᐵḄᦪ-11ᧅMn=----——=------------------=--~~——5-18Z[5-17\GPC᪥R^_ᔣabcḄᱥᳮfg஺BChiᑖjk(ᙠ^_Ḅbl-a)!ᵫKᑖjᜧKopqr!=-hsḄtMuopv

109Ḅw◣yz{H!ᡠ-}~ᑮsyzHI.5-19ᵨop⁐hiᑖjk(ᑖ!iKᑖḄ᪵M“MwPᐺ!iKᑖḄ᪵!++ᨵᜧ!ᙠ9BC1ᦔ2¡¢£HḄopᨵḄᑖ¤᩽▲!hiᑖjk(§ᜧᡈ§©}ª«~ᑮᑖ¤஺5-20s®¯ᔠᱥ±²GPCᑖ%)!ᙠhsᩩ6¶!·¸¹ºᵫK»®Ꮤᯠ!ᙠ¾¿·¸\À~GPC^_ÁÂÃᨵªs᝞5-17ᡠÆ.ÇZ[ᢥ᯿ʾ®GPC^_#$Ë~ḄÇ᪵Ìᙳhiᑖjk(!ÎzºÏ᪵Ḅ95-17»¯ᔠᱥ¾¿·¸ḄGPC^_BCÐ_ÑᑖÎÒÌᙳhiᑖjk(Ḅ#$ÓÔÕ஺=Ö©hiᑖjk(ÑᑖiM“Ḅ×Ø©!i஻“Ḅ×ØÚᜧ!ᡠ-⚜#ᵨ“ḄÔÎÜᜧÝ.5-21ÇÞ<ᙠGPCß〉᪥R\!ᡠᵨᑮḄ(á⊤ãäᑖjᙠEF\HIᜧ©Ḅᱥᳮ(!:ᢣz᝞À~Êᱥᳮ(.BC᪷ç᰿éᚆë1ìí=2.5N*%¢yHñòHI஺=óôᐹᨵHIḄ(ö!÷PøzHIVeᡂR!û=üäᑖj*ýVe!û?¡^_ᓽß〉᪥ÿ
ᑮᐸ஺5-22PS᪗᪵25࠷ᙠᔬᗏḄᱯឋ!"GPC%&'(Ḅᦪ*᝞⊤5-7.⊤5-7PS᪗᪵25࠷ᙠᔿᗏḄᱯឋ!"GPC%&'(Ḅᦪ*86741117398.25119.8510.35.0Mwx10-3(g/mol)[@7](cm3/g)206.7125.067.043.327.614.08.85.23129.831.435.437.339.943.846.850.7VI7(cmx-)c

110FGHIPVB
ᙠᙽᗏ25࠷KḄK=L59xlf2cm3/g,=0.64,LMaPVBḄGPC᪥O
PᓽlogRwSᓃ
஺\1T\PVB=^PVB,,

111]PVB,MPVB=kM‒U@Us'Mp$=-\H\PVB.MpvB,,Ha+[,Mps=.kM■PVB=1.59x10-2•஻᱘IgMps=-1.8+1.64᪷*Z[\IgMWBV29.831.435.437.339.943.846.850.7eIgMpvB6.135.805.405.104.854.424.123.79lgMw~K]^P^ᶍ᪗O
`ab.1gR“=9.2—0.022ᓃ5-24ᙠ⚪᝞dFeHIfgᙠᔬᗏh2cm'/minḄijklGPCmhᢚo᳛qSrᶇtu]^hvdwxyz{h{ᨬᜧḄrᶇtub90min,᪷*{ᨬᜧ~PVB᪵ḄᙳSᑖ.g.{ᜐḄrᶇ'(b90minX2cm3/min=180cn?ᐭ⚪Ḅ᪥O`a[1g஺=920.022Vze=9.2-0.022X180=5.24A7=1.7X105M5-23PS᪵ᨵ]
h=—0.2352ᓃ+12.7072GPC,x!"fᑺhPMMA᪵hn"Mᐵb=6.27x105XM°76MPMMAḄMVeᐵ[

112g.x[M,=6.27X105XA/176hᐭ£x[஺logM=—0.1336ᓃ+9.60795-26.ᵨ¥ᐝ§¨ᐝᦣoPSḄAஹB᪵ḄSᑖbA=3.9X1()5,=2.0BX105,RᵨGPCA=3.9X1()5,B=1.97X105,|nj.ᑨ²᪵w
³ᡈµᓄ·g.Ab
³(¸bvdx¹)஺Bb§µᓄhµᓄºiM'(»§h¼RSᑖ½¾஺*5-25.ÀSᑖMḄÁᑖÂÃᔠSchulzÈᦪW(஻)=AMaexp(-/3M),ÊËa==——-,B==——-M-M„M-M„wwg.ᦪᑖÂÈᦪ"(M)8Mdexp(—£M)Óᣚ(ᑖᐗhᓽMÓᣚᡂexp(-/3M)dM=᜛஺Øs("T)e-Zs='YÞ(a)/ஹr(a+l)Þ(஻)=ß——La,-"+i,ᐭᓽ஺5-27àFᱥḄSᑖ"SᑖᑖÂSᱥᳮãäឋåæçᡂèḄéê.g.Sᑖëçhᢙíî!hïðî!ñãäឋåòàóhôᵫö!ëçóh÷ᑭöᡂèç஺SᑖᑖÂùzthᵫö¾SᑖúᑖSãäî!éêùᜧhºûḄãäឋåKü஺ô¾Sᑖúᑖåýëᛛ]ᵨhºᰚ
ᨵᑭᡂ஺5-28ᨵ".M„,Ḅ!ᔠᱥ᪵%&'()*+(,-ᑖ/01ᑖ2345Ḅ67&8Ḅ9:;ᨵ<=᪵%᪗?ḄGPCC1Dᑖᑖ2EF,᝞I5-18.

113L1MNᑖ᪆P=5Q᪵%RᔠST:UIVL2W!ᱥ*S•ᢙ:ZWVSTᰚ\]ឋ_V`aL1CஹDcde3f“Thᙠj⚔Ḅlm☢,opaThᙠj⚔Ḅqm஺rᯠ⌕uCஹDḄM“MᑖvT᪵wxM“ᙠj⚔lmMᙠjqm9cdeḄ஺w
2AḄᢙ:ZW3fᐸz-ᑖ/01{ᑖ|}~uZ஺BḄᰚ\]ឋ_-ᑖ/01ᑖ2ᐸᰚ
Lz-ᑖ/01{ᑖᛛ4ᵨM஺5-29)⁐Uoᐺ(-ᑖ/01ᑖ2Ḅ஺`aL1ᐺaᡠ◤ᘤᜓᓫஹஹᢈ᧕¡e〉£ᔜ¥¦L᝞W§¨MḄᱯª⌕«;e®¯°ᑮW!ᱥḄ²`o³´µ¶¡eT·ᑴᜓᜧ1Ḅºᑖ᪵%஺a»x¼)½¾¿pÀ¡ᑖºᦔ᳛cW¡᝞ÃÄ4cÅÆDÇÈÉᜫ{ᑖW!ᱥ,ËÌᑖº01஺
2GPCaÄ4(,ᕜÎÏ¡ᦪÑd☠Cឋ_¡◤᪵%1ÓᮣÕW஺a᪥×ØÇ஺5-30.ᨵTW!ᱥ)᪵ÙÚᐸ-ᑖ/01ᜧL®ÛIX1
f,w-ᑖ/01ᑖ2LIO?Ü1
/M஺ÝÞß(,ᐸᦪᙳ-ᑖ/01eᔲâᵨVPOஹãäåæoGPCVfçèV`aécêᐸë3᝞aLDVPOaVPOᓽíäåæ9᪷ÑWᑖ/²ïḄðᦪឋᩭ(,-ᑖ/01Ḅ஺C1Ḅ!ᔠᱥᐸ-ᑖ/01ᜧḄᑖ/òᦪÓᑣôõḄöôõḄ§÷AT஺ATø(,ùÃøcÞß஺ᡠúVPO(-ᑖ/01Ḅ5▲ᵫ()ᢈý,,▲ᑣᵫ)᪵Ḅᢵÿឋ
஺ᜧᦪᔠᱥ᝱Ḅᱥᨵᙠ▲Ḅ⚪ᐵATḄ!஺ᡠ#$ᔠᱥ%&ᑖ()*ᜧᡈᑖ,-./01AT2%&ᑖ()*$ᯠ42஺
256789:;᪵4᪷>?ᑖ(@AḄBᦪឋᩭ%&ᑖ()*ḄᐸE▲F678Ḅ2G!
▲ᵫ5Ḅឋ)
஺IJ*Ḅᔠᱥ%&ᑖ()*Kᜧᑖ(LᦪKM678NKO4NKP᧕ḄGRSᵫT%&ᑖ()*ᜧUᑮ67W⊝Ḅ.YZ[[ᨵ\]ᙠ^_`aUᑮW⊝.N678⌼ᡂ678d2G஺%e

114%&ᑖ()*gOOᑮ]7hi754⌼ᡂ678Ḅ2G஺jᯠ$ᔠᱥ%&ᑖ()*ᜧᡈᑖ,-.ᵨ9᧕d2G஺(3)GPC9:ᙠGPClmnopᓃr%&ᑖ()*ḄᐵstulgM=A'-B'VetlAஹB'ᦪ,r@)ஹ@ᑺஹx!ஹyoz{ᘤ}᪀ᨵᐵ஺lgM-VᐵseᨵIᑁᕈឋᓽuyoḄᑖ஺$᪵Ḅ%&ᑖ()*ᜧ%&ᑖ()*ᑖ,-#1hᑖN]d2G}஺