上海师范大学附属中学闵行分校2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语 Word版含解析

《上海师范大学附属中学闵行分校2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语 Word版含解析》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

上师大附中闵行分校2021-2022学年高一年级第二学期期中考试英语试卷（考试时间：120分钟满分：150分试卷共10页）II.MultipleChoice.(15分，每题1.5分)Directions:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Susanhadquitherwell-paidjoband_________asavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.A.isworkingB.wasworkingC.hasworkedD.hadworked【1题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：Susan已经辞去了高薪的工作。去年当我探望她的时候，她正在一个社区里做志愿者。Susan辞职发生在她当志愿者之前，hadquit是过去完成时态，过去完成时态通俗的说就是“过去的过去”，且结合时间状语whenIvisitedherlastyear可知，Susan做志愿者是过去的某个时间段发生的情况，故该空应用过去进行时态。B选项正确。点睛：过去进行时表示在过去某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。2.Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand______aroundthatleveleversince.A.areremainingB.haveremainedC.isremainingD.hasremained【2题答案】【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，此后一直保持在这个水平。eversince“从那以后”作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。主语为thenumberofmedicalschools，thenumberof表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上，故选D。3.Technologicalinnovations,____goodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.

1A.combinedwithB.combiningwithC.havingcombinedwithD.tobecombinedwith【3题答案】【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:becombinedwith“与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。4.________tothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltoday’schildrenwillneedforthefuture.A.LearnB.LearnedC.LearningD.Havinglearned【4题答案】【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以作主语，此处用动名词作主语，故选C。5.Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from_____studentscanchooseforfree.A.whoseB.whichC.whenD.whom【5题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是manylessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。6.【2018·江苏】_______you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and staymotivated afteroneor two nights.A.OnceB.UnlessC.IfD.When【6题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：除非你能睡好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划的能力和保持积极性。A.Once一旦；B.Unless除非；C.If如果；D.When当……时候。故选B。

2点睛：本题考查连词辨析。解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系语境进行判断，从而选出正确答案。7.Itisnotaproblem_____wecanwinthebattle;it’sjustamatteroftime.A.whetherB.whyC.whenD.where【7题答案】【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A.whether是否；B.why为什么；C.when什么时候；D.where在哪里。根据下文it’sjustamatteroftime可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。8.Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson_________couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.AwhetherB.whatC.whenD.where【8题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：几千年来，他们开始更少地依赖于从野外狩猎或采集的东西，更多地依赖于自己饲养的动物和自己播种的庄稼。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，因此空格处用what引导宾语从句，故选B。9.Arethesedrugs_________atthenearbydrugstorewithoutaprescription?A.unfamiliarB.availableC.shortD.dramatic【9题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些药物可以在没有处方的情况下在附近的药店买到吗？A.unfamiliar不熟悉的；B.available可获得的，可购得的；C.short短的；D.dramatic戏剧性的，突然的。根据句意，此处问“药是否可以买到？”，设空处故用形容词available，作表语。故选B。10.MiddleSchoolattachedtoShanghaiNormaluniversity,Minhangcampuswillreachits_________ofover700studentsthisSeptember.A.targetB.struggleC.balanceD.contact【10题答案】

3【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：上海师范大学附属中学闵行校区将于今年9月达到700多名学生的目标。A.target目标；B.struggle奋斗，努力；C.balance平衡；D.contact联系。根据句意，设空处应表示“学校的目标”，故填名词target，作宾语。故选A。III.Grammarandvocabulary(30分，每题1分)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ChildrenRaisedinGreenerAreasHaveHigherIQGrowingupinagreenerurbanenvironmentboostschildren’sintelligenceandlowerslevelsofdifficultbehaviour,astudyhasfound.Theanalysisofmorethan600childrenaged10to15showedthata3%increaseinthegreennessoftheirneighborhoodraisedtheirIQscore____11____anaverageof2.6points.Theeffectwasseeninbothricherandpoorerareas.Thereisalreadysignificantevidenceforgreenspaces’effectsonimprovingvariousaspectsofchildren’scognitivedevelopmentbutthisisthefirstresearch____12____(examine)IQ.Thecauseisuncertainbutmay____13____(link)tolowerstresslevels,moreplayandsocialcontactoraquieterenvironment.TheincreaseinIQpointswasparticularlysignificantforthosechildrenatthelowerendofthespectrum,____14____smallincreasescouldmakeabigdifference,theresearcherssaid.“Evidencehasbuiltupovertime____15____greensurroundingsareassociatedwithimprovedcognitivefunctioning,suchasmemoryskillsandattention,”saidTimNawrot,aprofessorofenvironmentalepidemiologyatHasseltUniversityinBelgium,wherethestudywasconducted.“____16____thisstudyaddsbyincludingIQisamorerigorous,well-establishedclinicalmeasure.Itisreallyofvaluetocreateanoptimalenvironmentforchildrentodeveloptheirfullpotential,____17____iswhyIthinkcitybuildersorurbanplannersshouldprioritizeinvestmentingreenspaces.”Thestudy,publishedinthejournalPlosMedicine,usedsatelliteimagestomeasurethelevelofgreennessinneighborhoods,includingparks,gardens,streettreesandallothervegetation.TheaverageIQscorewas105butthescientistsfound4%ofchildreninareaswithlowlevelsofgreeneryscoredbelow80,____18____nochildrenscoredbelow80inareaswithmoregreenery.

4Thebenefitsofmoregreenery____19____(record)inurbanareaswerenotreplicatedinsuburbanorruralareas.Nawrotsuggestedthismightbebecausethoseplaceshadenoughgreennessforallchildrenlivingtheretobenefit.Behavioraldifficultiessuchaspoorattentionandaggressivenesswerealsomeasuredinthechildren____20____(use)astandardratingscale,andtheaveragescorewas46.Inthiscase,a3%riseingreeneryresultedinatwo-pointreductioninbehavioralproblems,inlinewithpreviousstudies.【11~20题答案】【答案】11.by12.examining13.belinked14.because15.as16.What17.which18.while19.recorded20.using【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在绿色环境下成长，可以提高孩子的智力。【11题详解】考查介词。句意：对600多名10至15岁儿童的分析表明，他们周围环境的绿化程度增加3%，他们的智商就会提高平均2.6分。根据“raise…by….”意为“提高了……”及句意可知，此处指智商提高了2.6分。故填by。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：已经有显著的证据表明绿地对提高儿童认知发展的各个方面都有影响，但这是第一个考察智商的研究。根据句子结构分析可知，is是谓语动词，examine是非谓语动词作定语，修饰research，与名词research为主谓关系，所以需使用现在分词的形式，故填examining。【13题详解】考查被动语态。句意：原因还不确定，但可能与较低的压力水平、更多的玩耍和社会接触或更安静的环境有关。根据but并列连词可知，主语为thecause，并与动词linked是被动关系，所以应使用被动形式，故填belinked。【14题详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：研究人员说，智商点的提高对那些智商水平较低的孩子尤其重要，因为小幅度的提高可能会产生很大的影响。根据“TheincreaseinIQpointswasparticularlysignificantforthosechildrenat

5thelowerendofthespectrum（智商分数的提高对于那些处于谱系低端的孩子来说尤为显著）”以及下句“smallincreasescouldmakeabigdifference,theresearcherssaid.（研究人员说，小幅度的增加可能会产生很大的影响。）”可知，后句在解释前句的原因，故填because。【15题详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，越来越多的证据表明，绿色环境与改善的认知功能有关。根据句子结构分析可知，此处为连词引导从句，根据句意可知，从句为时间状语从句，意为“随着”，故填as。【16题详解】考查主语从句。句意：这项研究补充说，智商是一种更严格、更完善的临床测量方法。根据句子结构分析可知is是主句谓语，所以此处为连词引导主语从句，连词在从句中作主语。故填what。【17题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：为孩子们创造一个最佳的环境来充分开发他们的潜力是很有价值的，这就是为什么我认为城市建设者或城市规划师应该优先投资绿地。根据句子结构及is谓语可知，此处为连词引导的非限制性定语从句。空白处指代逗号前面真个句子，在从句中作主语，故填which。【18题详解】考查连词。句意：平均智商为105分，但科学家们发现，在绿化程度较低地区，4%的儿童智商低于80分，而在绿化程度较高的地区，没有儿童智商低于80分。根据“TheaverageIQscorewas105butthescientistsfound4%ofchildreninareaswithlowlevelsofgreeneryscoredbelow80（他们的平均智商为105分，但科学家们发现，在绿化程度较低的地区，4%的儿童智商低于80分）”以及“nochildrenscoredbelow80inareaswithmoregreenery.（在绿化较多的地区，没有孩子得分低于80分）”可知，前后是转折对比关系，所以需使用转折连词。故填while。【19题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在城市地区记录的更多绿化的好处并没有在郊区或农村地区复制。根据句子结构分析可知were是谓语动词，此处record是非谓语动词作定语修饰benefits（好处），因benefit与record是被动关系，需使用过去分词形式，故填recorded。【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：行为困难，如注意力差和攻击性也被测量在儿童中使用标准等级量表。根据句子结构分析可知were为谓语动词，use为非谓语动词作状语，根据句意可知此处use的逻辑主语是研究人员，所以需使用现在分词的主动形式，故填using。SectionB(A)

6Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.promotingB.unwiseC.authorityD.shapeE.discipliningF.includedG.evolvedH.specificI.pointJ.accompaniedK.noticeableForthepast50years,spanking(打)hasbeenusedtodisciplinechildrenlessandless.Butalmosteveryparentstillyellsattheirchildfromtimetotime.Roaringisprobablythemost____21____behaviorofparentingtoday.Itdoesnothelpyouestablish____22____.Instead,itmakesyourchildfeellikeyouareoutofcontrol.Indeed,itisareactionofparentswhodonotknowwhattodo.Butmostparents,myself____23____,finditreallyhardtogoadaywithoutroaring.Thelatestresearchonshoutingencouragesparentstoaskthemselvestwoquestions:WhatshouldIdo?HowcanIgetridofthishabit?Asatool,correctiveshoutinghasnoeffect;itisjustahabitualslapatthechild.Weyellatourchildrenforthesamethingeveryday,andbecauseitisineffective,wehavetoyellmoreandmorefiercely.Putyourclothesaway!Comedownfordinner!AlanKazdin,aprofessorofpsychologyandchildpsychiatryatYaleUniversity,saysthatyellingisnotreallyastrategyfor____24____children,butameansofventing(发泄)one’sself.Kazdinis____25____aprojectcalledABCs,whichrepresentsantecedents,behaviorandconsequences.Antecedentscoverwhattodobeforethebehavior.Preconditionsaresetinadvance.Specifically,youshouldtellyourchildtheseconditionsbeforeyouwantthemtodoanything.Behavioriswhenparentsdefine,____26____andmodelbehavior.Consequencessuggestthatwhenthepreferredactionisperformed,parentsshouldapproveofitandthattheyshouldthenmakeanexaggeratedcompliment,____27____bythemovementofalimb(肢)inamannerwhichsuggeststheaction’sagreeableness.Therefore,itissuggestedthatparentsnotyellattheirchildreneverynightbecausetheythrowtheirshoesaround,butinsteadasktheminthemorningiftheycanplacetheirshoeswheretheybelongwhentheyreturnhome.ABCPraiseisavery____28____technique.Youmustbeenthusiastic,soyoumustputabroadsmileonyourfaceandevenraiseyourhandtowave.Nextyouhavetosaywhatyoupraisewithacheerfulvoice.Thethirdstepistostrokethechildandgivehimsomewordsofpraise.Thesesteps,whichmayseemsillytomany,areits____29____characteristics,notitsflaws(缺陷).Itmakeschildrennoticethecomplimentsthatcancomewithcorrectbehavior.That’sthe____30____.

7【21~30题答案】【答案】21.B22.C23.F24.E25.A26.D27.J28.H29.K30.I【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主题是：在教育孩子方面，父母大吼大叫对孩子没有好处，反而会带来很多消极的影响。【21题详解】考查形容词。句意：咆哮可能是当今最不明智的育儿行为。分析句子可知，空格处为形容词作定语修饰后面的名词。unwise“不明智的”为形容词，符合句意。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词。句意：这并不能帮你建立权威。分析句子可知，空格处为establish的宾语，需要名词。authority“权威”为名词，符合句意。故选C项。【23题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，包括我在内的大多数家长发现，每天都很难不吼叫。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词find，空格处为非谓语动词。include“包括”为动词，和逻辑主语myself之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选F项。【24题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：耶鲁大学心理学和儿童精神病学教授艾伦·卡兹丁说，大喊大叫其实不是一种管教孩子的策略，而是一种发泄自我的方式。分析句子可知，for为介词，空处作介词的宾语，discipline“管教”为动词，其动名词disciplining作介词的宾语，符合句意。故选E项。【25题详解】考查动词。句意：卡兹丁正在推动一个名为ABCs的项目，该项目代表了先例、行为和后果。分析句子可知，空格处为句子的谓语动词，句子时态为现在进行时，promote“推动”，为动词，空前有be动词is，所以空处用现在分词promoting，符合句意。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词，句意：行为是父母定义、塑造和塑造行为的过程。分析句子结构可知，空处和define以及and后面的model作表语从句中的并列谓语动词。句子时态为一般现在时，shape“塑造”为动词，符合句意。故选D项。

8【27题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：结果表明，当孩子们做了自己喜欢的动作时，家长们应该表示赞同，然后他们应该夸大其词，并伴随着肢体的移动，以显示动作的宜人性。分析句子可知，that从句中已有谓语动词，所以空格处为非谓语动词定语。和修饰的名词compliment之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。accompany“伴随”为动词，accompanied为过去分词，符合句意。故选J项。【28题详解】考查形容词。句意：ABC表扬是一种非常具体的技巧。分析句子可知，空格处修饰后面的名词作定语，需要形容词。specific“具体的”，为形容词，符合句意。故选H项。【29题详解】考查形容词。句意：这些步骤在许多人看来可能很愚蠢，但它们是它的显著特征，而不是它的缺陷。分析句子可知，空格处修饰后面的名词作定语，需要形容词。noticeable“显著的”为形容词，符合句意。故选K项。【30题详解】考查名词。句意：这就是重点。根据空前的定冠词the可知，空格处需要名词作表语。point“重点”为名词，符合句意。故选I项。(B)Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.boomB.enthusiasticallyC.voicedD.findsE.sharplyF.racingG.fortuneH.distinctlyI.venturingJ.dealsK.joinedEightmonthsago,MengHu,27,quitherjobasaflightattendantinGuangzhou,China.Sheisnowworkingfull-timeasalive-streaminghostonTaobao.“I’vebeentalkingnonstop,”Husaid,laughing.“Mythroatgetsreallyhoarse.Youneedtotalkalot,becauseyourmoodiscontagious(有感染力的).Onlywhenyoutalk____31____canyougetyouraudienceexcited.”HuispartofarisingclassofcreatorsinChinawhoare____32____togetinonlive-streamshopping,anemergingformofretailthathasgrownintoanindustryworthanestimated$66billion.AlthoughthetrendhasbeenpartofChineseinternetcultureforyears,analystssaythecoronaviruspandemichasbroughtitmainstream.EventheChinesegovernmenthas____33____itssupport,callingtheindustrythe“newengine”ofe-commercegrowthandencouraginglive-streamingasasolutiontounemployment,whichhasrisen____34____inChinaduetothepandemic.

9Live-streamshoppingisacombinationofentertainmentande-commerce.Viewersbuygoodsonlinefrompeoplewhoshowofftheirlatest____35____--fromlipsticktolaundrydetergent--inreal-timevideos.ManycomparetheconcepttotheTVshoppingchannel,buttheChinesemodelis____36____moremodern,mobileandinteractive.Hostscangivetheirfansdiscountcoupons(优惠券)andflash____37____inrealtime,whileviewerscanclicktosendtheirfavoritestarsvirtual“gifts.”Partoftheallure(吸引力)of____38____intothisworldistheprospectofabigpayday.Brandsroutinelyannouncetensorhundredsofmillionsofdollarsinsalesinasinglesitting.Topinfluencerscanearnmillionsofdollarsayear,accordingtoTaobao.Andevenwell-knownbusinessleadersaregettinginontheact.ForpeoplelikeHu,thelive-streamhostinGuangzhou,theongoing____39____presentsboth“achanceandachallenge.”“Viewersmighthavedoubled,butthere’sprobablyaboutsevenoreighttimesmorenewlive-streamersnow,”sheestimated.“Somanypeoplelikemehave_____40_____live-streaming,andaresellingproductsanddoingthesamething.”【31~40题答案】【答案】31.B32.F33.C34.E35.D36.H37.J38.I39.A40.K【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在当今中国非常流行的自媒体创业。【31题详解】考查副词。句意：只有当你热情地讲话时，你才能让你的听众兴奋起来。分析句子结构可知，此处要填副词，修饰动词talk；根据后文的“getyouraudienceexcited”可知，你也需要热情地讲话。B项“enthusiastically”（热情地）符合句意。故选B。【32题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国，直播购物是一种新兴的零售形式，已经发展成为一个价值约660亿美元的行业，MengHu是这一新兴创造者阶层的一员。分析句子结构可知，此处位于be动词“are”之后；所以不能填谓语动词；根据句意，此处意指在自媒体创业行业有很多人在争先恐后的进入。F项“racing”（竞争）符合句意，是现在分词，构成现在进行时。故选F。【33题详解】

10考查非谓语动词。句意：就连中国政府也表示支持，称该行业是电子商务增长的“新引擎”，并鼓励直播，以解决因新冠肺炎疫情而急剧增加的失业问题。分析句子结构可知，此处位于助动词“has”之后，所以此处要填过去分词，构成现在完成时；根据句意，此处意指中国政府支持这一新兴行业。C项“voiced”（表达）符合句意。故选C。【34题详解】考查副词。句意：就连中国政府也表示支持，称该行业是电子商务增长的“新引擎”，并鼓励直播，以解决因新冠肺炎疫情而急剧增加的失业问题。分析句子结构可知，此处要填副词，修饰动词“hasrisen”；根据句意，此处意指“急剧增加”。C项“sharply”（急剧地，突然大幅度地）符合句意。故选E项。【35题详解】考查名词。句意：观众在网上购买商品，卖家会在实时视频中展示他们的最新发现——从口红到洗衣粉。分析句子结构可知，空格前有形容词“latest”（最新的），所以空格处要填名词；根据句意。此处意指炫耀他们最新的发现。D项“finds”（发现）符合句意。故选D。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：许多人将这一概念比作电视购物频道，但中国模式明显更现代、更移动、更互动。分析句子结构可知，此处要填副词，在句子修饰后面的形容词“moremodern,mobileandinteractive”；根据句意，H项“distinctly”（明显地）符合句意。故选H。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：主持人可以实时给粉丝提供折扣券和闪购，观众可以点击发送自己喜欢的明星虚拟“礼物”。分析句子结构可知，此处位于名词“flash”后构成名词短语“flashdeal”（闪购）。故选J项。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：冒险进入这个世界的诱惑之一是可以获得一大笔收入。分析句子结构可知，此处位于介词of之后，所以空格处要填非谓语动词；且根据句意，此处意指进入这个世界。I项“venturing”（冒险）符合句意。故选I。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：对于像Hu这样的广州直播主持人来说，持续的繁荣既是“机会也是挑战”。分析句子结构可知，此处位于形容词ongoing（持续存在的）之后，所以要填名词；根据句意，可知此处意指直播行业的持续的繁荣。A项“boom”（繁荣）符合句意。故选A。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：很多像我一样的人加入了直播，在卖产品，做着同样的事情。”分析句子结构可知，此处位于助动词have之后，所以此处要填非谓语动词；根据句意，此处意指很多人进入了直播这个行业。K项“joined”（加入）符合句意。故选K。

11IV.ReadingComprehension(53分：61-75各1分;76-94各2分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Atsomepointinourlives,thechancesarethatyouandIwillfeellonely.It’sanimportanttopicandonethatcausesalotofmisery,butthereareplentyof____41____surroundingit.Herearethreeofthebiggest.Islonelinessallaboutisolation?Feelinglonelyisnotthesameasbeingalone.Lonelinessisafeelingof____42____.It’sthesensethatnoonearoundyoureallyunderstandsyouandthatyoudon’thavethekindofmeaningfulconnectionsyouwouldlike.Being____43____canbeafactor,butit’snottheonlyone.Youcanfeellonelyinacrowd,justasyoucanseek____44____inspendingsometimealone.Sometimeswewanttobealone.Butifwedon’thavetheoptiontospendtimewithpeoplewhounderstandus,that’swhenloneliness____45____.Doeslonelinessdisproportionatelyaffectoldpeople?Lonelinessisundoubtedlygettingahigherprofile,butthat____46____meansahigherpercentageofoldpeoplefeellonelynowcomparedtoafewyearsago.____47____,thestudyfromChristinaVictorfromBrunelUniversityhasshownthattheproportionofoldpeopleexperiencingchroniclonelinesshasremainedsteadyfor70years,with6to13percentsayingtheyfeellonelyallormostofthetime.Butitistruethattheactualnumbersoflonelyoldpeopleare____48____simplybecausetherearemoreoldpeopleintheworld.Lonelinessismore____49____inoldagethaninotheradults,butinherreviewapeakisalsofoundinadolescence._____50_____,studiesshowthat50to60percentofoldpeoplearenotoftenlonely.Islonelinessalwaysbad?Thisoneisabitmore_____51_____.Youoftenseestatisticsquotedontheeffectthatlonelinesscanhaveonourhealth.Reviewsoftheresearchhavefoundthatitcouldincreasetheriskofheartdiseasebyalmostathirdandthat_____52_____peoplehavehigherbloodpressureandalowerlifeexpectancy.Itispossiblethatunhappilyisolatedpeoplearemorelikelytobecome_____53_____.Butitcouldalsohappentheotherwayaround.Peoplecouldbecomeisolatedandlonelybecausetheyalreadyhavepoorhealth,whichstopsthemfrom_____54_____.Orlonelypeoplemayshowupinthestatisticsaslesshealthybecausetheirlonelinesshas_____55_____themofthemotivationtolookaftertheirhealth.Itcouldworkbothways.41.A.discoveriesB.assumptionsC.mythsD.reasons42.A.dissatisfactionB.disobedienceC.disconnectionD.distrust43.A.isolatedB.confusedC.distractedD.scolded

1244.A.revengeB.ambitionC.guidanceD.relief45.A.cracksB.strikesC.brakesD.disappears46.A.equallyB.mainlyC.rarelyD.definitely47.A.BycontrastB.InfactC.AsaresultD.Allinall48.A.risingB.decliningC.fluctuatingD.reviving49.A.painfulB.unexpectedC.preventableD.common50.A.HoweverB.LikewiseC.ThereforeD.Meanwhile51.A.complexB.apparentC.relevantD.innovative52.A.oldB.optimisticC.lonelyD.urban53.A.fitB.timidC.angryD.ill54.A.exercisingB.socializingC.adventuringD.evaluating55.A.assuredB.robbedC.informedD.accuse【41~55题答案】【答案】41.C42.C43.A44.D45.B46.C47.B48.A49.D50.D51.A52.C53.D54.B55.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要论述了几个和孤独相关的常见的误解。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个重要的话题，也会带来很多痛苦，但围绕着它有很多错误观念。A.discoveries发现；B.assumptions推测；C.myths错误观念；D.reasons原因。根据上文“Atsomepointinourlives,thechancesarethatyouandIwillfeellonely.”（在我们生命中的某个时刻，你和我很可能会感到孤独。）以及下文通过及问句来解释我们会感到孤独的几个事实。故选C项。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孤独是一种与外界隔绝的感觉。A.dissatisfaction不满意；B.disobedience叛逆；C.disconnection隔离；D.distrust不信任。根据后文“It’sthesensethatnoonearoundyoureallyunderstandsyouandthatyoudon’thavethekindofmeaningfulconnectionsyouwouldlike.”（这是一种感觉，你周围没有人真正理解你，你没有那种你想要的有意义的联系。）可知，孤独就是周围没有人陪伴，是一种与世隔离的感觉。故选C项。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与外界隔绝可能是一个因素，但不是唯一的因素。A.isolated隔离的；B.confused困惑的；C.distracted心烦意乱的；D.scolded责备。根据前文“It’sthesensethatnoonearoundyoureally

13understandsyouandthatyoudon’thavethekindofmeaningfulconnectionsyouwouldlike.”（这是一种感觉，你周围没有人真正理解你，你没有那种你想要的有意义的联系。）可知，与外界隔绝可能是人会感觉到孤独的一个原因。故选A项。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在人群中你可能会感到孤独，就像你可以在独处中寻求宽慰一样。A.revenge复仇；B.ambition志向；C.guidance指导；D.relief宽慰。根据空处前后文可推知，此处意指孤独的人在孤独中也能需求到自己的安慰。故选D项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果我们不能选择花时间和理解我们的人在一起，那就是孤独袭来的时候。A.cracks破裂；B.strikes袭击；C.brakes刹车；D.disappears消失。根据句中“ifwedon’thavetheoptiontospendtimewithpeoplewhounderstandus”，可知此处指当人们找不到理解自己的人，就会感觉到孤独。故选B项。【46题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，孤独越来越受到关注，但这并不意味着与几年前相比，现在感到孤独的老年人比例更高。A.equally相等地；B.mainly主要地；C.rarely几乎不；D.definitely一定。根据该段标题“Doeslonelinessdisproportionatelyaffectoldpeople?”（孤独对老年人的影响不成比例吗?）以及前句“Lonelinessisundoubtedlygettingahigherprofile”（毫无疑问，孤独正受到越来越多的关注）可知，大部分人都会觉得老年人中孤独的比例比较高，但是实际情况并非如此。故选C项。【47题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，布鲁内尔大学的克里斯蒂娜·维克多的研究表明，70年来，长期感到孤独的老年人比例一直保持稳定，6%至13%的人表示，他们一直或大部分时间都感到孤独。A.Bycontrast相比之下；B.Infact事实上；C.Asaresult因此；D.Allinall总之。该句主要引述了研究数据，表示“事实上”。故选B项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但事实是，孤独老人的实际数量正在上升，仅仅是因为世界上老年人的数量增加了。A.rising上升；B.declining下降；C.fluctuating波动；D.reviving复苏。根据“becausetherearemoreoldpeopleintheworld”（因为世界上老年人的数量增加了）可知，由于老年人的数量在增加，因此感到孤独的老年人的数量也在增多。故选A项。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与其他成年人相比，老年人更容易感到孤独，但在她的研究中，青春期也会出现孤独感高峰。A.painful痛苦的；B.unexpected难以预料的；C.preventable可阻止的；D.common

14常见的。根据前句“Butitistruethattheactualnumbersoflonelyoldpeopleare____8____simplybecausetherearemoreoldpeopleintheworld.”（但事实是，孤独老人的实际数量正在上升，仅仅是因为世界上老年人的数量增加了。）可知，老年人群中感到孤独的数量比较多，即孤独在老年人中还是比较普遍的。故选D项。【50题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，研究表明，50%到60%老年人并不经常感到孤独。A.However然而；B.Likewise同样地；C.Therefore因此；D.Meanwhile同时。空格前句子在描述研究结果，空格后的句子也是在引述研究结果，两者是并列的关系。故选D项。【51题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个就有点更复杂了。A.complex复杂的；B.apparent明显地；C.relevant相关的；D.innovative有创意的。根据该段落标题“Islonelinessalwaysbad?”以及下文通过大篇幅阐述了孤独对人是否有害。可以看出，这个比较复杂。故选A项。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究综述发现，孤独会使患心脏病的风险增加近三分之一，而且孤独的人血压更高，预期寿命更短。A.old老的；B.optimistic乐观的；C.lonely孤独的；D.urban城市的。整篇文章都在论述有关孤独的几个迷思，所以此处也是在讲述孤独是否会影响人的身体健康。故选C项。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸被孤立的人可能更容易生病。A.fit健康的；B.timid胆怯的；C.angry生气的；D.ill有病的。根据上文“Reviewsoftheresearchhavefoundthatitcouldincreasetheriskofheartdiseasebyalmostathirdandthat__peoplehavehigherbloodpressureandalowerlifeexpectancy.”（研究综述发现，孤独会使患心脏病的风险增加近三分之一，而且孤独的人血压更高，预期寿命更短。）可知，此处在论述孤独是否会影响人的身体健康，所以此处也是在说明孤独的人可能会生病。故选D项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为他们的健康状况已经很差，人们可能会变得孤立和孤独，这阻碍了他们的社交。A.exercising锻炼；B.socializing社交；C.adventuring冒险；D.evaluating评估。根据“Peoplecouldbecomeisolatedandlonelybecausetheyalreadyhavepoorhealth”（因为他们的健康状况已经很差，人们可能会变得孤立和孤独）可知，身体健康的原因可能会阻碍人们去社交。故选B项。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者，可能在统计数据中，孤独的人显示不太健康，这是因为他们的孤独剥夺了他们关注自己健康的动力。A.assured保证；B.robbed剥夺；C.informed通知；D.accused控告。根据前句“Peoplecouldbecomeisolatedandlonelybecausetheyalreadyhavepoorhealth,whichstopsthemfrom____14____.

15”（因为他们的健康状况已经很差，人们可能会变得孤立和孤独，这阻碍了他们的社交。）可知，孤独的人可能会因为身体原因妨碍了自己的社交，反过来也会因为孤独而不太愿意去过多关注自身的身体。故选B项。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Laurawalkedtowardstheman.“Itisterriblycold,”shesaid.“Colderthanever,”themansaid.“Nowtellmewhatyouwant.”HestaredatLauraforafewsecondsandthengrinned,“Maybeyou’dliketocomeinsideandwarmup.”“No.No,Idon’twanttocomein.”Shetookadeepbreath.“Ijustwantedtoknowifyou’reinterestedinsellingyourdog.”“Thatworthlessmutt?”Themanpointedtoadogintheyardandlaughedforafewseconds,thensuddenlystopped.“Iwasjustjokingabouttheworthlesspart.He’saprettygooddog.Yeah.Imightbeinterested.”“Well,he’sthekindofdogI’mlookingfor.Anditdoesn’tseemlikeyou’retoofondofhim.Imeanhe’stiedupoutside.Idon’tseeanyfoodorwater.”“Youjustwaitaminute.Itakegoodcareofthatdog.TheguyIgothimfromsaidhewasatrainedguarddog.Thetroubleis,thestupidthingdoesn’tevenbarkwhenstrangerscomearound.ButthenIguessthatwouldn’tmattertoyou.You’reprobablyjustlookingforapet,huh?”“Yeah.Well,here’syourchancetogetridofhim.I’llgiveyoutwentydollars.”“Youexpectmetosellapurebredguarddogfortwentydollars?”themansnorted(哼着鼻子说).“Fiftydollars.That’smyprice.Youbringmefiftydollars,honey,andyougotyourselfadog.”Hesmiled.“Sureyoudon’twanttocomein?”Laurashookherhead.“I’llbebackwiththemoney.”Breakfastforgotten,shesearchedforandfoundacashmachinefourblocksaway.Ican’taffordthis,shethoughtasshepunchedthenumbersintothemachine.Thedogwillneedavet,andwhereamIgoingtogetthemoneyforthat?Herfearsworeoffasshepicturedthedog,curledup,notoutsideonthecold,hardground,butinfrontofaglowingfireplace.Blueceramicbowlsfilledwithfoodandwatersatinthecornerofthekitchen,andshesawhim,headheldhigh,matchingherstrideontheirdailywalk.Withthemoneyinherpurse,shehurriedbacktotheman’shouse.

1656.Laurastartedaconversationwiththemanbecauseshe________.A.neededshelterfromthecoldB.wantedtoseeifshecouldbuyhisdogC.hopedtofindoutwhereshecouldbuyapetD.wasn’tpleasedwithhowhetreatedhisdog57.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemanfromthepassage?A.Heconsideredthedogpretty.B.Hewasgoodattrainingguarddogs.C.Hehadbeentryingtogetridofthedog.D.Hehadboughtthedogtoprotecthishome.58.HowcomeLaura’sworryaboutmoneyfaded?A.Sherealizedthatthedogwouldbelivingamuchbetterlifewithher.B.Itoccurredtoherthatsheactuallyhadenoughmoneyinherbankaccount.C.Shewasconfidentthatshewouldsoonlandadecentjobandearnenoughmoney.D.Shewasexcitedabouthavingaguarddogbesideherwhenshewantedtotakeawalk.59.Judgingfromthepassage,wecanknowthatLaurais________.A.ahomelessgirlB.asocialworkerC.aratherpoorladyD.anexperiencedpetowner【56~59题答案】【答案】56.B57.D58.A59.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Laura在一户人家的门后看到一只在寒风中可怜的小狗，想把它买下来的故事。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段““No.No,Idon’twanttocomein.”Shetookadeepbreath.“Ijustwantedtoknowifyou’reinterestedinsellingyourdog.”(“不，我不想进来。”她深吸了一口气。“我只是想知道你是否有兴趣卖掉你的狗。”)”可知，Laura和这位男士交谈是想问问这个男士是否要卖狗。故选B项。【57题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Itakegoodcareofthatdog.TheguyIgothimfromsaidhewasatrainedguarddog.Thetroubleis,thestupidthingdoesn’tevenbarkwhenstrangerscomearound.(我把那条狗照顾得很好。那人说他是条训练有素的看门狗。问题是，当陌生人来的时候，这个愚蠢的东西甚至不会叫)

17”可知，这位男士买这只狗是为了看家护院。故选D项。【58题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Herfearsworeoffasshepicturedthedog,curledup,notoutsideonthecold,hardground,butinfrontofaglowingfireplace.(当她想象这只狗蜷缩着，不是在冰冷坚硬的地面上，而是在一个燃烧的壁炉前时，她的恐惧消失了)”可知，当Laura想象到这只狗不再受寒冷之苦时，自己对钱的担忧消失了。故选A项。【59题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Ican’taffordthis,shethoughtasshepunchedthenumbersintothemachine.(我买不起这个，她一边往机器里输入数字一边想)”可知，Laura是一个相当贫困的人。故选C项。(B)TrainInformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation,pleaseinquireatyourlocalstationorcall131230.WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.●LostpropertyCallLostPropertyat131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5pmandislocatedatRomaStreetstation.●PublicholidaysOnpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays,i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable.Beforetravelpleasevisittranslink.com.auorcallTransLinkat131230anytime.●CustomersusingmobilitydevicesManystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistance,pleasecallQueenslandRailat131617.Guardiantrains(outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm

188:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am60.Whatshouldyoudoifyouwantinformationabouttickets?ACall131617.B.Visittranslink.com.au.C.Askatthelocalstation.D.Gotoabusserviceoffice.61.IfyoulostyourphoneonthetrainfromFortitudeValleytoVarsityLakesSaturdaymorning,whatcouldyoudotogetitback?A.CallLostPropertyat131617atonce.B.GotoRomaStreetstationonMonday.C.Takethe9:52pmtrainbacktoFortitude.D.ReporttotheQueenslandRailservicewebsite.62.HowlongisthetrainjourneyfromCentralstationtoVarsityLakesstation?A.57minutes.B.83minutes.C.80minutes.D.55minutes.【60~62题答案】【答案】60.C61.B62.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了QueenslandRail的相关的信息。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Forticketinformation,pleaseinquireatyourlocalstationorcall131230.”（有关票务信息，请到当地车站查询或拨打131230。）可知，如果你需要了解票务信息，可以联系当地车站。故选C项。【61题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5pmandislocatedatRomaStreetstation.”（失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30至下午5点开放，位于罗马街车站。）可知，如果你在周六早上从刚毅谷到大学湖的火车上丢了手机，你可以在周一的时候去罗马街车站。故选B项。【62题详解】细节理解题。根据“Guardiantrains(outbound)”部分，可知火车在晚上7:29驶离Centralstation，8:52到达VarsityLakesstation，总用时83分钟。故选B项。(C)

19Middle-classparentsarefuelingbadbehaviorintheclassroomby“buyingoff”theirchildrenwithcomputersandtelevisionsratherthanteachingthembasicsocialskills,ateachers’unionleadersaid.MaryBousted,generalsecretaryoftheAssociationofTeachersandLecturers,saidsomemiddle-classparentsfailedtosupporttherightoftheteachertoteachandofpupilstolearnbyfailingtocreatetherightsocialconditionsathome.Childrenwerelivingin“isolation,”gluedtocomputergamesandTVshowsintheirbedroomsandinmanycasesitwasrelativelywealthyparentswhowereencouragingsuchsolitarybehavior.“Theyarenotlearningaboutgiveandtakewithinthefamily,”shesaid.“Oftenit’sthewell-offmiddleclassesthatbuyofftheirchildrenthroughthecomputerandTVandeverythingthatisolatesthemwithinthehome,”Boustedsaid.“Andthenthey’resurprisedwhentheirchilddoesn’tcometoschoolreadytolearn.”Bousted’scommentscomeaheadoftheunion’sconferencenextweek,wherememberswilldebateamotionbroughtbyitsCheshirebranchcallingforparentsofdisruptivepupilstoseetheirchildbenefitdocked(削减).Anotherproposalisformothersandfatherstoattendparentingclassestohelpthemdealwithbadly-behavedchildren.Whilesheacknowledgedthatthemotionaboutcuttingchildbenefitwas“quiteextreme”andsaidshewasnotsureitwasviable(可行的),sheinsisteditraisedrelevantissues.“Itcomesoutofafrustrationthatmanymembersfeelthatwhiletheyareworkingtheirsocksoffunderanextremelyrigidaccountabilityframeworktogetchildrentolearn,theyarenotbeingsupportedbyhome,”shesaid.Oftheideaofclassesforparentsofnaughtychildren,shesaid,“Ifyougointoapetshop,youhavetoprovethatyouaregoingtobeabletotakecareofadogbeforetheywillsellyouapuppy,butthereisnothingforbeingaparentunlessyouaresoawfulthestatetakesyourchildawayfromyou.”63.WhatdoesBoustedthinkofthestudentsfromsomemiddle-classfamilies?A.Theyareamongthemostselfishpeople.B.Theyareafraidofspeakinginpublicplaces.C.Theyfailtobetaughtrightbasicsocialskillsathome.D.Theydon’tliketomakefriendswithothersatschool.64.Whichisoneproposalofthemeetingtobeheldbyateachers’union?A.Tellingparentstheimportanceofattendingparent-teacherconferences.B.Callingonparentstohelpeducatetheirbadly-behavedchildren.

20C.Discussinghowtoimprovestudents’performanceatschool.D.AnalyzingwhyAmericanteachersfacesomanypressures.65.InBousted’sopinion,whatmakesmanyteachersfrustratedthoughtheytrytheirbesttogetchildrentolearn?A.Thesechildrenmakenoimprovementatall.B.Theycan’tgetthesupportofthesechildren’sparents.C.Theystillfacethedangerofbeingfired.D.Theirrequestsforraisingwagesisrefused.66.Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?A.Thewayofdealingwithbadly-behavedchildren.B.Thereasonwhytheteachers’unionisholdingaconference.C.Childrenaremoreaddictedtomediainmoderntimes.D.Parentsfueltheirchildren’sbadbehaviorintheclassroom.【63~66题答案】【答案】63.C64.B65.B66.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了父母用电脑和电视“收买”孩子的做法助长了孩子在课堂上的不良行为。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Middle-classparentsarefuelingbadbehaviorintheclassroomby‘buyingoff’theirchildrenwithcomputersandtelevisionsratherthanteachingthembasicsocialskills,ateachers’unionleadersaid.”（一位教师工会领导说，中产阶级家长用电脑和电视“收买”孩子，而不是教他们基本的社交技能，助长了课堂上的不良行为）以及第二段“MaryBousted,generalsecretaryoftheAssociationofTeachersandLecturers,saidsomemiddle-classparentsfailedtosupporttherightoftheteachertoteachandofpupilstolearnbyfailingtocreatetherightsocialconditionsathome.”（教师与讲师协会的秘书长玛丽·鲍斯特德说，一些中产阶级的家长未能通过在家里创造合适的社交环境来支持教师教书和学生学习的权利。）可知，鲍斯特德认为一些中产阶级家庭的学生在家里没能学到正确的基本社交技能，故选C。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“Anotherproposalisformothersandfatherstoattendparentingclassestohelpthemdealwithbadly-behavedchildren.”（另一项建议是让父母参加育儿班，帮助他们处理行为不良的孩子）可知，教师工会会议上的提议是呼吁家长帮助教育行为不良的孩子，故选B。【65题详解】

21细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“‘Itcomesoutofafrustrationthatmanymembersfeelthatwhiletheyareworkingtheirsocksoffunderanextremelyrigidaccountabilityframeworktogetchildrentolearn,theyarenotbeingsupportedbyhome,’shesaid.”（她说：“许多成员感到沮丧的是，虽然他们拼命工作，让孩子们学习，但他们没有得到家庭的支持。”）可知，Bousted认为，让许多老师感到沮丧的是他们得不到孩子父母的支持，故选B。【66题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Middle-classparentsarefuelingbadbehaviorintheclassroomby‘buyingoff’theirchildrenwithcomputersandtelevisionsratherthanteachingthembasicsocialskills,ateachers’unionleadersaid.”（一位教师工会领导说，中产阶级家长用电脑和电视“收买”孩子，而不是教他们基本的社交技能，助长了课堂上的不良行为）可知，文章主要讲的是父母助长了孩子在课堂上的不良行为，故选D。(D)Forthousandsofyears,themostimportanttwobuildingsinanyBritishvillagehavebeenthechurchandthepub.Infact,untilaplacehasachurchandapub,itisnotreallyconsideredacommunityworthyofaname.Traditionally,thechurchandthepubareattheheartofanyvillageortown,wherethepeoplegathertogethertosocializeandexchangenews.TheyareinstitutionsattheheartofBritishsociety.Afterall,theword‘pub’isactuallyshortfor‘publichouse’.Asaresult,Britishpubsareoftenoldandwellpreserved.Manyofthemhavebecomehistoricsites.thattouristsvisit.OneofthemostfamousexamplesisthecityofNottinghamcalled“TheOldTriptoJerusalem”,whichdatesbacktotheyearAD1189andisprobablytheoldestpubinEngland.ItwasthesameyearinwhichkingsRichardthefirstcameintopower,wholedtheFirstCrusadeintotheHolyLand,towardsJerusalem.ManyBritishpubshaveoldnamesreferringtogovernors,suchasTheKing'sHeadorTheQueenVictoria,butofcoursethisdoesn’tmeantheyareonlyforkingsandqueens.Pubshavealwayswelcomepeoplefromallclassesandpartsofsociety.Onacoldnight,thepub'slandlordorlandladycanalwaysfindawarmplaceforyoubythefire.Thereisalwayshonestandheartyfoodandplentyofdrinkavailableatanaffordableprice.That’showthingsusedtobe.butthereareworryingsignsthatthingsarebeginningtochange.Economicdownturns,governmentalfinancialmeasures,andculturalchangesarecausingmanypubstogooutofbusiness.Peopledonothavealotofsparemoneytospendonbeer.Ontopofthat,in2007smokingwasbannedinallpublicindoorspaces,includingpubs,whichmayalsohaveaffectedthenumbersofcustomersgoingtopubssincethen.Thisdeclineishappeningdespitethefactthatpubsarenowallowbylawtostayopenafter11pm.

22Previously,with11pmasclosingtime,customerswouldhavetodrinkquitequickly,meaningtheysometimesgotmoredrunkthantheywouldifallowedtodrinkslowly.TheBritishhabitofdrinkingisknownas“bingedrinking”,anditcauseslong-termhealthproblemsindividualsandproblemswithviolentcrimeforcommunities.TheUKgovernmentistryingtofindwaysofdiscouragingbingedrinking,andregularlyspendsmoneyontelevisioncommercialstowarnpeopleoftheproblemsofkingtoomuch.67.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Britishpubsarepreservedwellmainlytoattracttouristsfromalloftheworld.B.Britishpubsarequitepopularandaccessibletopeoplefromallwalksoflife.C.MostBritishpubsaregoingoutofbusinessbecauseofeconomicandculturalbans.D.MostBritishpubshavetoshutdowntoadjustthemselvestomeetthesmokingban.68.WhydidtheUKgovernmentallowpubstostayopenafter11pm?A.Tostimulatecustomerstospendmoreondrinks.B.TohelpBritishpubssurviveeconomicdownturns.C.Toencouragemoresensiblewaysofdrinkinginpubs.D.TogetridofviolentcrimeinmostpartofBritain.69.Theterm“bingedrinking”inparagraph5wouldbemostlikelytodescribeA.drinkingtoomuchandtooquicklyB.socialproblemsrelatedtoBritishpubsC.anewlong-termdrinkingapproachD.problemscausedbydrinkingtoomuch70.Whatwillmostprobablybecoveredintheparagraphthatfollowsthelastinthepassage?A.Differentmethodstowelcomenewcustomerstopubs.B.Variousadvertisementsencouragingpeopletoquitdrinking.C.Thecampaignsandstrategiestosupportthetraditionalpubs.D.Trendsofmigratingbackfromthemodernwinebarstooldones.【67~70题答案】【答案】67.B68.C69.A70.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲是传统酒馆在英国的变迁史以及当代酒馆没落的原因和政府支持传统酒馆的一些举措。【67题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Forthousandsofyears,themostimportanttwobuildingsinanyBritishvillagehavebeenthechurchandthepub.Infact,untilaplacehasachurchandapub,itisnotreallyconsideredacommunity

23worthyofaname.”（数千年来，英国乡村最重要的两座建筑是教堂和酒馆。事实上，直到一个地方有了教堂和酒馆，它才真正被认为是一个名副其实的社区。）和第三段“Pubshavealwayswelcomepeoplefromallclassesandpartsofsociety.”（酒馆总是欢迎来自社会各个阶层的人。）可知，酒馆在英国广受欢迎，各行各业的人都可以去。故选B。【68题详解】推理判断题。通过题干中“11pm.”将答案定位在第五段，根据“Previously,with11pmasclosingtime,customerswouldhavetodrinkquitequickly,meaningtheysometimesgotmoredrunkthantheywouldifallowedtodrinkslowly.”（之前，因为关门时间是11点，顾客不得不喝酒很快，这也就意味着他们有时候喝得快会比喝得慢喝得更醉。）反推，酒馆被允许在11点后再关门，那么顾客就不用喝那么快，也就不用喝得更醉，喝酒的方式也就更合理了。故选C。【69题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段前文“customerswouldhavetodrinkquitequickly,meaningtheysometimesgotmoredrunk”（顾客不得不喝酒很快，这也就意味着他们有时候喝得更醉），后文“TheBritishhabitofdrinkingisknownas“bingedrinking”,anditcauseslong-termhealthproblemsindividualsandproblemswithviolentcrimeforcommunities”（英国人的饮酒习惯被称为“bingedrinking”，它会给个人和社区带来长期的健康问题和暴力犯罪问题。）可知，这种喝酒方式会带一系列恶性问题，因此这种“bingedrinking”喝酒方式应该是“喝得又快又多”。故选A。【70题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thisdeclineishappeningdespitethefactthatpubsarenowallowbylawtostayopenafter11pm.”（尽管它们被允许开门到11点后，酒馆的衰落还在进行中。），文末“TheUKgovernmentistryingtofindwaysofdiscouragingbingedrinking,andregularlyspendsmoneyontelevisioncommercialstowarnpeopleoftheproblemsofkingtoomuch.”（英国政府正试图找到阻止酗酒的方法，并定期在电视广告上花钱，警告人们过度饮酒的问题。）可知，近些年酒馆没落，但政府采取了一系列措施振兴酒馆，因此后文可能会继续承接最后一段列举一些举措支持传统酒馆。故选C。SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.TheMetamorphosis(excerpt)Onemorning,GregorSamsawokeupfromabaddreamandrealizedhewassomekindofaterribleinsect.Hewasacockroach(蟋蟀),andhewasaslargeasaman!Lyingonhisback,hecouldseehislargebrownbelly

24andthinlegs.____71____Hebegantothinkabouthisjobasatravelingsalesman.Hehatedhisjob,buthehadtodoittosupporthisfather,mother,andsisterbecausehisfathernolongerworked.Helookedattheclockandrealizedhehadoverslept—itwas6:30!Hewaslate.Thenexttrainleftat7:00.Hewouldhavetohurrytomakeit.Afewminuteslaterhismotheryelledtohim:“It’s6:45.Youarelate.Getup!”____72____“Yes,mother.I’mgettingupnow.”Hissisternowwhisperedthroughthedoor,“Gregor,areyouallright?Doyouneedanything?”Well,itwastimetogetup.Surely,assoonashegotoutofbed,hewouldrealizethishadallbeenabaddream.Hetriedtomovehisbackpartoutfirst,butitmovedsoslowly,anditwassodifficult.Histhinlittlelegsseemeduseless,justmovingandmovingintheair,nothelpinghimatall.Thenhetriedthefrontpart.____73____Hebeganrockingbackandforth,strongerandstronger,andfinallythrewhimselfontothefloor,hittinghisheadashefell.Allofasudden,heheardaknockatthedoor.Itwashismanager,whohadcometoseewhyhewaslate.“Oh,”thoughtGregor,“Ihatemyjob.”Thenthemanagerspoke.“Mr.Samsa,Imustwarnyouthatyoucouldloseyourjobbecauseofthis.Lately,yourworkhasnotbeenverygood,andnowIfindyouinbedwhenyoushouldbeatwork!”Gregorpanickedandsaid,“No,no,Iwillcomeoutimmediately.Iwassick,butnowIfeelmuchbetter.”ThemanagerandGregor’sfamilydidn’tunderstandasinglewordhesaid,forhisspeechwasnowthehissofaninsect.Ashetalked,hemanagedtomovehimselftothechestofdrawers,triedtostandup,thenslippedandfell,holdingtightlytoachairwithhisthinlegs.____74____A.Gregorawokeasitwasgettingdark.B.Hefinallymanagedtoopenthedoorandleanagainstit.C.Thisworkedbetter,buthestillcouldn’tmoveenoughtogetoutofbed.D.Gregortriedtoreturntohisbedroom,butcouldn'tfitthroughthedoorway.E.Whenheansweredher,hewassurprisedtohearhisvoice;itsoundedsohigh.F.Hetriedtoturnoverontohisside,buteverytimehetried,hewouldrollontohisbackagain.【71~74题答案】【答案】71.F72.E73.C74.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章是《变形记》的节选，讲述GregorSamsa变成蟋蟀后，发生的变化。【71题详解】上文“Onemorning,GregorSamsawokeupfromabaddreamandrealizedhewassomekindofaterribleinsect.Hewasacockroach(蟋蟀),andhewasaslargeasaman!Lyingonhisback,hecouldseehislargebrownbelly

25andthinlegs.(一天早上，GregorSamsa从噩梦中醒来，意识到自己是某种可怕的昆虫。他是一只蟋蟀，他和人一样大！他仰面躺着，可以看到自己棕色的大肚子和细腿)”描述GregorSamsa变成了一只蟋蟀。F项“Hetriedtoturnoverontohisside,buteverytimehetried,hewouldrollontohisbackagain.(他试图翻身到另一面，但每次尝试，他都会再次翻过身来仰面躺着)”承接上文，说明GregorSamsa变成蟋蟀后，只能仰面躺着。故选F。【72题详解】下文““Yes,mother.I’mgettingupnow.”(“好的，妈妈。我现在起床。”)”是GregorSamsa回答妈妈的话。E项“Whenheansweredher,hewassurprisedtohearhisvoice;itsoundedsohigh.(当他回答她时，他惊讶地听到他的声音；听起来太高了)”说明GregorSamsa变成蟋蟀后，声音发生了变化。引出下文的回答，故选E。【73题详解】上文“Surely,assoonashegotoutofbed,hewouldrealizethishadallbeenabaddream.Hetriedtomovehisbackpartoutfirst,butitmovedsoslowly,anditwassodifficult.Histhinlittlelegsseemeduseless,justmovingandmovingintheair,nothelpinghimatall.Thenhetriedthefrontpart.(当然，他一要下床，就会意识到这一切都是一场噩梦。他试图先把他的背部移出来，但它移动得如此缓慢，而且非常困难。他那瘦弱的小腿似乎毫无用处，只是在空中不断地动，根本没有帮助到他。然后他尝试移动身体的前部)”说明GregorSamsa无法移动身体，无法下床。C项“Thisworkedbetter,buthestillcouldn’tmoveenoughtogetoutofbed.(这效果更好，但他仍然无法移动到足以起床)”承接上文讲虽然尝试移动身体的前部，但GregorSamsa还是无法下床。故选C。【74题详解】上文“Ashetalked,hemanagedtomovehimselftothechestofdrawers,triedtostandup,thenslippedandfell,holdingtightlytoachairwithhisthinlegs.(当他说话时，他设法将自己移到抽屉柜上，试图站起来，然后滑倒并摔倒，用他细腿紧紧地抓住一把椅子)”说明GregorSamsa试图走出房间。B项“Hefinallymanagedtoopenthedoorandleanagainstit.(他终于设法打开了门，靠在门上)”承接上文，说明GregorSamsa不断尝试，最终打开了门，故选B。V.Translation(22分：3+4+5+5+5)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.75.专家们担心人口正以惊人的速度减少。(concern)（汉译英）【75题答案】【答案】Expertsareconcernedaboutthefactthatthepopulationisshrinkingatashockingspeed.

26【解析】【详解】考查短语，时态及同位语从句。根据句意，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。表示“专家们”用名词复数Experts；表示“担心”用短语beconcernedabout，主语是名词复数Experts，谓语动词用are；表示“事实”用thefact，其后用that引导同位语从句，对thefact进行解释说明；表示“人口”用thepopulation，在同位语从句中作主语，谓语动词用单数；表示“正在减少”用现在进行时isshrinking；表示“以惊人的速度”用短语atashockingspeed。故答案为Expertsareconcernedaboutthefactthatthepopulationisshrinkingatashockingspeed.76.非常感谢你在我们出国度假期间照顾我们的宠物狗。(grateful)（汉译英）【76题答案】【答案】Wearesogratefulthatyoutookgoodcareofourpetsduringourvacationabroad.【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配，时态和宾语从句。“非常感谢”是besogratefulthat...，此动作表示现在的情况，时态用一般现在时；“照顾我们的宠物狗”是takegoodcareofourpets，此动作发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，“在我们出国度假期间”是duringourvacationabroad，因此整句话翻译为“Wearesogratefulthatyoutookgoodcareofourpetsduringourvacationabroad”。故答案为Wearesogratefulthatyoutookgoodcareofourpetsduringourvacationabroad.77.疫情期间，地方政府应当采取什么措施来维持物价的稳定呢？(measure)（汉译英）【77题答案】【答案】Duringthepandemic,whatmeasuresshouldbetakenbylocalgovernmenttostabilizeprices?【解析】【详解】考查被动语态和情态动词。表示“疫情期间”可以用介词during构成介词短语“duringthepandemic”；表示“采取措施”可以用短语“takemeasures”；表示“来维持物价的稳定”可以用“stableprices”。同时，表示“什么”应该用“what”引起的特殊疑问句。故翻译为Duringthepandemic,whatmeasuresshouldbetakenbylocalgovernmenttostabilizeprices?78.由于缺乏医疗设施与防护措施，很多医护人员面临被感染的风险。(lack)（汉译英）【78题答案】【答案】Duetolackofmedicalfacilitiesandprotectionmeasures.manymedicalworkersarefacingtheriskofbeinginfected.【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。dueto由于，介词短语，后接名词形式；lackof缺乏；medicalfacility医疗设施；protectionmeasure保护措施；medicalworker医护人员；theriskof……

27的风险。动词face为及物动词，后直接接宾语。根据句意，用现在进行时。故翻译为Duetolackofmedicalfacilitiesandprotectionmeasures.manymedicalworkersarefacingtheriskofbeinginfected.79.直到鲨鱼翻白眼，又翻了个身，老人才松开了他的鱼叉，决定将它拖到岸上去。(Notuntil)（汉译英）【79题答案】【答案】Notuntilthesharkrolledeyesandturnedoverdidtheoldmanloosenhisharpoonanddecidetodragitashore.【解析】【详解】考查时间状语从句，部分倒装，时态及短语。根据句意，此句描述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。表示“直到”用Notuntil引导时间状语从句，位于句首，句子用部分倒装，句子结构是Notuntil+主语+谓语+助动词/be/情态动词+主语+谓语；表示“鲨鱼”用theshark；表示“翻白眼”用一般过去式rolledeyes；表示“又翻了个身”用andturnedover；表示“老人”用theoldman；表示“松开了他的鱼叉”用loosenhisharpoon，谓语动词loosen是使役动词，结合时态，倒装部分的助动词用did；表示“决定做某事”用短语decidetodosth.；表示“将它拖到岸上去”用不定式todragitashore。故答案为Notuntilthesharkrolledeyesandturnedoverdidtheoldmanloosenhisharpoonanddecidetodragitashore.