上海市控江中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中英语Word版含解析

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控江中学2021学年高一年级第二学期期中考试英语试卷(满分150分)I.ListeningComprehension（30分）SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.6:45B.6:15C.5:55D.6:302.A.Ataconveniencestore.B.Atacinema.C.Atarailwaystation.D.Atahospital.3.A.ShewatchedaTVshowuntilmidnight.B.Shewastryinganewdiet.C.Shedidtoomuchphysicalexercise.D.Shewashavingafever.4.A.Helefthiscellphoneathome.B.Hewaslateforthemeeting.C.Hewasinahurrytogobackhome.D.Hedidn‟treadthemessagewhilerunning.5.A.Ticketsellerandaudience.B.Managerandsecretary.C.Librarianandreader.D.Receptionistandcustomer.6.A.Theboy‟sexaminationscore.B.Theboy‟slifegoalsinthefuture.C.Theboy‟sperformanceinabasketballgame.D.Parentsexpectationonchild‟sacademicperformance.7.A.Themanhadsupposedthewomantobelate.B.Stacydidn‟ttakethetrafficintoconsideration.C.Stacydidn‟tadmitbeinglatefortheappointment.D.Thewomanwasalittlebitlatefortheappointment.8.A.Fromthenewspaper.B.Fromtheinternet.C.Fromwildlifeprotectiongroups.D.Fromthegovernmentofficials9.A.Thewomanhasnointerestinreadingnovels.B.Thewomanisinlowmoodandnothinginterestsher.

1C.Historicalnovelisthewoman‟sfavoritekindofnovels.D.Thewomanlikesromanticnovelsmorethananyothernovels.10.A.Tom‟sfatherisgoodatplayingfootball.B.Tomhastofinishhishomeworkwithinanhour.C.Tom‟sfatherusedtoobjecttoTom‟splayingfootball.D.Tomisexcitedthathisfatherallowshimtoplayfootball.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Hewaspunishedtobeworkinginananimalshelter.B.Hewasfinedalotofmoneyandlosthisjobasabutcher.C.Hewasforbiddenfromlivinginhisapartmentforthreeyears.D.Hewasheavilyfinedandnotallowedtokeepanimalsfortenyears.12.A.Hewasscratchedbythecatheraisedathome.B.Hiscatwascapturedandnearlykilledbythetiger.C.Hewasattackedbythetigerandwasbitinthearm.D.Histigerwasseriouslyillaftereatingtherawmeat.13.A.Mingcan‟tlivewithoutjazzandhip-hop.B.Mingisnotaccustomedtothecountrylife.C.Mingdoesn‟tlikethefoodintheanimalshelter.D.Hecan‟tfallasleepwithoutMing‟ssmellandnoise.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingintroduction.14.A.Thecalltoprayerhappenstoofrequentandshouldbereduced.B.Theloudspeakersannouncingprayertimedamagepeople‟slife.C.Thefirstcalltoprayeristooearlyandshouldbeaftersunrise.D.Arabsmaketoomuchnoiseduringtheprayertimeinmosques.(清真寺)15.A.HethinksIsraelisacountryofJudaism.

2B.HeisaracistandhisaimistoreduceArabpopulation.C.Heintendstocreateanatmosphereoffreedomandequality.D.Hebelievesthecountryshouldprotectcitizensfromthenoise.16.A.ThebilldestroystheharmonybetweenJewsandArabs.B.Thebilldoesn‟trespecttherightoftheArabs.C.ThebillshowsthehatredagainsttheArabs.D.Theloudspeakerhurtsallofthesociety.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowinglongerconversation.17.A.Sheisachef.B.Sheisanurseassistant.C.Sheisamedicaltranscriptionist.D.Sheisahousewife.18.A.Listeningtotheconversationbetweenthedoctorandpatients.B.Writingdownthemedicalreportonthecomputer.C.Findingtheproblemsinthemedicaltreatment.D.Helpingthedoctortotakecareofpatients.19.A.Shegetspaideverytwoweeks.B.Shecanexplainittoherson.C.Shecanlearnfromdifferentmedicalcases.D.Shecanbalanceworkwithdomesticduties.20.A.Heregardsthejobmeaninglessandlooksdownuponit.B.Heinsiststhatitshouldbedonebythedoctorhimself.C.Heisproudofhismotherandunderstandsherchoice.D.Hefeelssorrythatitisnotpaidaswellashisfather‟sjob.II.GrammarandVocabulary(45分)SectionA（30%）Directions:ChoosethebestanswerfromABCDtocompletethesentence.1.Sharingwealthandwhateverelseissharablewithothersis________Confuciusprescribed(规定)tothegovernmentofficialsandheadsofbigfamiliestomaintainsocialstability.A.thatB.whatC.beforeD.whether【1题答案】【答案】B【解析】

3【详解】考查表语从句。句意：分享财富和一切可以与人分享的东西，是孔子对官员和大家庭的主人提出的维护社会稳定的建议。引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物应用what引导。故选B。2.Theconceptofsharingissodeep-rootedinChineseculturethatpeoplesharetheirbelongings________evenbeingawareofit.A.withoutB.aboutC.atD.by【2题答案】【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：分享的概念在中国文化中根深蒂固，人们分享自己的财产时甚至都没有意识到。A.without没有；B.about关于；C.at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；D.by借助。根据后文“evenbeingawareofit”指没有意识到，应用without。故选A。3.Thebike-sharingmodelhasnotonlymadelifemoreconvenientforpeoplebutalsoeasedthepressure________publictransportincludingbusesandsubways.A.inB.ofC.aboutD.on【3题答案】【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：自行车共享模式不仅让人们的生活更加方便，也缓解了公共交通(包括公交车和地铁)的压力。A.in在……内；B.of属于，关于；C.about关于，对于；D.on在……上，在哪一天,(对象)对……。短语：pressureon“对……的压力”，此处指的是对公共交通上的压力。故选D。4.Thee-bikes,________canrunatabout30kilometersanhour,enableuserstocoverlongerdistancesandsavetime.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether【4题答案】【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：电动自行车的时速约为30公里，能让使用者跑更远的距离，节省时间。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Thee-bikes，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故选C。5.Unliketheoldmodel,whichrequiredonetovisitacarrentalagencytohireacar,all________oneneedstodoistoregisterasamemberofacar-sharingclubtounlockacarataparkinglotanddrivetoone’sdestination.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when

4【5题答案】【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不像旧的模式，需要访问汽车租赁公司租车，一个人需要做的是注册为一个汽车共享俱乐部的成员，在停车场解锁一辆车，并开车到目的地。此处为定语从句修饰先行词all，在从句中作宾语，先行词为不定代词，只能用that引导。故选A。6.________sharingeconomycanmakeuseofresourcesmoreconvenientandcost-efficient,theapproachhasbecomepopularinsociety.A.WhetherB.AsC.IfD.Although【6题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：由于共享经济可以使资源的利用更方便、更经济，这种方式在社会上越来越受欢迎。A.Whether是否；B.As由于；C.If如果；D.Although虽然。引导原因状语从句，表示“由于”应用as。故选B。7.UndertheBeltandRoadInitiativeframework,Chinahasjoinedhandswithmorethan140countriestolinkthemmorecloselywithtelecommunicationnetworks,roads,railwaysandmarineroutes.________theBeltandRoadInitiativehasbeenwelcomedbyalltheparticipatingcountries.A.NowonderB.NomatterC.NowhereD.Instead【7题答案】【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查固定短语及句型。句意：在“一带一路”倡议框架下，中国同140多个国家一道，加强了电信网络、公路、铁路、海路的互联互通。难怪“一带一路”倡议受到所有成员国的欢迎。A.Nowonder难怪，不足为奇；B.Nomatter无论；C.Nowhere无处D.Instead代替，反而。根据固定句型“Itisnowonderthat+从句”意为“难怪….”，经常用其省略说法“Nowonder+从句”；再结合句意，应用Nowonder。故选A项。8.BoeingChinasaysitisworkingwithitsairlinecustomersandisreadytosupportthemafteranearly7-year-oldBoeingB737-800passengerjetofChinaEasternAirlines,with132peopleonboard,________inthemountainsofsouthernChinaonMonday.A.beingcrashingB.tocrashC.crashedD.tohavecrashed

5【8题答案】【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：波音中国表示，正在与航空公司客户合作，准备为他们提供支持。此前，中国东方航空公司一架使用了近7年的波音B737-800客机周一在中国南部山区坠毁，机上共有132人。根据后文onMonday可知从句描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故选C。9.“BoeingisincontactwiththeUSNationalTransportationSafetyBoard,andourtechnicalexpertsarepreparedtoassistwiththeinvestigation________bytheCivilAviationAdministrationofChina,”BoeingChinasaidinastatementonTuesday.A.ledB.leadC.leadingD.isled【9题答案】【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：波音中国在周二的一份声明中表示:“波音正在与美国国家运输安全委员会联系，我们的技术专家准备协助中国民航局牵头的调查。”areprepared是谓语动词。领导和谓语动词之间没有连词，可以判定空处是非谓语动词，领导和调查是被动关系，用过去分词。故选A。10.GermanyisjustoneofthemanyEUstatesthat________ariseinnewcases.A.haswitnessedB.havewitnessedC.witnessingD.towitness【10题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：德国只是见证了新病例上升的许多欧盟国家之一。that引导定语从句，后面缺少谓语动词，可以排除C、D。“见证”发生在is前，用现在完成时，that指代EUstates，是复数，故选B。11.Headmittedthat________restrictionmeasureshadcometooearly.AustrialiftedalmostallrestrictionsrelatingtoCOVID-19onMarch5andisnowthefirstEUstate________tougherrestrictionsduringthecurrentwaveofinfections.A.easing;reintroducingB.easing;reintroducedC.beingeased;toreintroduceD.easing;toreintroduce【11题答案】【答案】D

6【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他承认放宽限制措施来得太早了。3月5日，奥地利取消了几乎所有与COVID-19有关的限制，现在是第一个在当前感染浪潮中重新实施更严格限制的欧盟国家。分析句子结构可知，第一空为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。且与restrictionmeasures之间为主动关系，所以用主动形式。第二空序数词thefirst修饰名词，后用不定式作定语。故选D。12.________newcaseshavebeenrisingsincelastweek,theproportionofintensivecarebeds________byCOVID-19patientshasdroppedfromtwoweeksago.A.While;occupiedB.Whether;tooccupyC.Although;occupyingD.When;occupied【12题答案】【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查状语从句和非谓语动词。句意：虽然自上周以来新病例一直在增加，但COVID-19患者占用的重症监护病床的比例比两周前有所下降。第一空引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用while或although；第二空occupy在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语intensivecarebeds构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故选A。13.TheinternationalcommunityreachedanagreementonbanningtheuseofbiologicalweaponsafterWorldWarI,________Germany,theUnitedKingdomandFranceusedsuchweapons,leadingtoheavycasualties(伤亡).A.fromwhichB.inthatC.duringwhichD.withwhich【13题答案】【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：第一次世界大战后，国际社会达成了禁止使用生物武器的协议，在一战期间德国、英国和法国都使用了生物武器，造成了重大伤亡。先行词是WorldWarI，表示在那个期间用介词during，位于介词后指代物，作宾语，用which引导定语从句。故选C。14.ItisclearthattheUSresortstodoublestandardonbioresearch________itdoesonmanyotherissuesofglobalconcern.A.likeB.asC.becauseD.asif【14题答案】【答案】B【解析】

7【详解】考查方式状语从句。句意：很明显，美国在生物研究上采取双重标准，就像在许多其他全球关注的问题上一样。A.like像；B.as像……一样；C.because因为；D.asif好像。根据后句“itdoesonmanyotherissuesofglobalconcern(它在许多其他全球关注的问题上都是如此)”可知，设空处引导方式状语从句。在作“如”“像”解时，as可用作连接词，引出方式状语从句；而在正式英语中like不能这样用，只能用作介词。故选B。15.TheUShasnotacceptedaninternationalinvestigationintoFortDetrick,aUSmilitarylab________researchoncoronaviruseshadbeengoingonforyears.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.and【15题答案】【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：美国尚未接受对德特里克堡军事实验室的国际调查，该实验室对冠状病毒的研究已经进行了多年。此处为定语从句修饰先行词aUSmilitarylab，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故选C。Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WeareattheendofdaysixofthewarinUkrainelaunchedonFebruary24byPresidentVladimirPutin.We____16____(shock)andsaddenedbytheeventsandbythehumansufferingtheyarecausing.Andaswespeak,really,aRussianmilitaryconvoyisheadedtowardsKyiv,andotherUkrainiancities____17____(bomb).It’sstillearlydays,andit’sdifficulttopredict____18____thesituationwillevolveevenjustinthenextfewhours.Butthisisawar____19____shouldconcerneveryone,everywhere.Grandi,UNHighCommissioner,appealedforthe“gunstofallsilent”inUkraine____20____humanitarianaidcanreachthemillionsmorestillinsidethecountry.Syria,____21____civilwareruptedin2011,remainsthecountrywiththelargestrefugeeoutflows—nearly5.7millionpeople,accordingtoUNHCR’sfigures.Twoyearslater,in2015,hundredsofthousandsofSyrianandotherrefugeeswhohadmostlybeeninTurkey____22____(flee)toEurope.Sofar,UNofficialsandothershavegenerallypraisedtheresponsefromUkraine’sneighbors,____23____haveopenedhomes,gymnasiumsandotherfacilitiestotakeintherefugees.ThesituationinUkrainehasbecomewhatitistoday____24____avarietyofcomplexreasons,andwhatisneededtosolvesuchacomplexissueisacoolheadandarationalmind,not_____25_____(add)fueltothefire

8whichonlyintensifies(加剧)thesituation.【16~25题答案】【答案】16.areshocked17.arebeingbombed18.how19.that##which20.sothat21.whose22.fled23.which24.for25.adding【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。乌克兰战争已进入第六天，2月24日，俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京发起了这场战争。文章对这场战争引发的一些问题展开了说明。【16题详解】考查时态语态。句意：我们对这些事件及其造成的人类痛苦感到震惊和悲痛。根据上文weare可知为一般现在时，动词shock和主语之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为we，谓语用复数。故填areshocked。【17题详解】考查时态语态。句意：就在我们说话的时候，一支俄罗斯军事车队正在前往基辅，乌克兰其他城市正在遭受轰炸。主语otherUkrainiancities与谓语bomb构成被动关系，表示动作正在发生，应用现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填arebeingbombed。【18题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：现在还处于早期阶段，即使在接下来几个小时内，也很难预测形势会如何发展。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，故用how引导。故填how。【19题详解】考查定语从句。句意：但这是一场关乎世界各地每一个人的战争。此处为定语从句修饰先行词war，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。【20题详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：联合国高级专员格兰迪呼吁乌克兰的“枪声停止”，以便人道主义援助能够到达该国境内的数百万人。引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”应用sothat。故填sothat。【21题详解】考查定语从句。句意：2011

9年爆发内战的叙利亚，仍然是难民外流最多的国家，根据联合国难民署的数据，有近570万人。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Syria，先行词在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。【22题详解】考查时态。句意：两年后，也就是2015年，数十万主要在土耳其的叙利亚和其他国家难民逃往欧洲。空处为主句谓语动词，根据上文in2015可知应用一般过去时。故填fled。【23题详解】考查定语从句。句意：到目前为止，联合国官员和其他人对乌克兰邻国的反应普遍表示赞赏，这些邻国开放了住宅、体育馆和其他设施来接纳难民。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词neighbors，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which。故填which。【24题详解】考查介词。句意：乌克兰局势发展到今天，是多种复杂原因造成的，解决如此复杂的问题，需要的是冷静的头脑和理性的头脑，而不是火上浇油，这只会让局势更加紧张。后跟名词作宾语，表示“出于某种原因”应用介词for。故填for。【25题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：乌克兰局势发展到今天，是多种复杂原因造成的，解决如此复杂的问题，需要的是冷静的头脑和理性的头脑，而不是火上浇油，这只会让局势更加紧张。分析句子结构可知add在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处用动名词作表语，说明主语的状况。故填adding。SectionB（15分）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.integrityB.mechanismC.resolveD.establishmentE.shelterF.discouragesG.ensuringH.diplomaticI.regionalJ.guaranteeK.initiativeChina'sambassadortotheUnitedNationsonMondaycalledonpartiestotheUkraineconflicttoensurethesafetyofhumanitarian(人道主义的)corridors.Chinacallsonallpartiesconcernedtoexercisemaximumrestraint(克制),effectivelyincrease____26____efforts,letthewarstop,effectivelyprotectthesafetyofcivilianlifeandpropertyandbasicneeds,andpreventalarge-scalehumanitariancrisis.RussiaandUkrainereachedanagreementontheestablishmentofhumanitariancorridors,Zhangsaid.“IhopeRussiaandUkrainecanovercometheobstaclesencounteredduringtheimplementationprocess,____27____asafehumanitariancorridor.”

10Zhangrestatedasix-point____28____putforwardbyChineseStateCouncilorandForeignMinisterWangYionpreventingalarge-scalehumanitariancrisisinUkraine.First,humanitarianassistanceshouldbemadeinaccordancewiththeprinciplesofhumanity,neutralityandimpartiality.Second,fullattentionshouldbegiventothedisplacedpeopleinandfromUkraine,andeffortsshouldbemadetoprovidethemwithproper____29____,Wangsaid.Third,WangcalledforensuringtheprotectionofciviliansandpreventingsecondaryhumanitariandisastersinUkraine.Fourth,effortsshouldbemadeto____30____safeandsmoothhumanitarianaidactivities,includingprovidingrapid,safehumanitarianaccess,Wangnoted.Fifth,hecalledforensuringthesafetyofforeignnationalsinUkraine,allowingthemsafedepartureandhelpingthemreturntotheirhomecountries.Sixth,supportshouldbegiventotheUN'scoordinatingroleinchannelinghumanitarianaidandtheworkoftheUNcrisiscoordinatorforUkraine,Wangadded.To____31____thecurrentcrisis,Zhangsaid,wemust“uphold(支持)thepurposesandprinciplesoftheUNCharterandrespectandprotectthesovereignty(主权)andterritorial____32____ofallcountries;torelyondialogue,negotiationandpeacefulmeansfordisputeresolution;toaimforlong-term____33____stabilityandforge(创造)abalanced,effectiveandsustainableEuropeansecurity____34____.”“Chinawillcontinuetospeakoutanddoitsbestforpeace.ChinasupportsandencouragesalldiplomaticeffortsconducivetothepeacefulsettlementoftheUkrainiancrisis,and____35____actionthatmayescalate(激化)thesituationinUkraine,”hesaid.【26~35题答案】【答案】26.H27.G28.K29.E30.J31.C32.A33.I34.B35.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。中国驻联合国大使周一呼吁乌克兰冲突各方确保人道主义走廊的安全。张重申了中国国务委员兼外交部长王毅就防止乌克兰发生大规模人道主义危机提出的六点倡议。【26题详解】

11考查形容词。句意：中方呼吁有关各方保持最大限度克制，切实加大外交努力，让战争停止，切实保障平民生命财产安全和基本需求，防止大规模人道主义危机。修饰后文名词effort，作定语，结合句意表示“外交的”应用形容词diplomatic。故填diplomatic。故选H。【27题详解】考查动词。句意：我希望俄罗斯和乌克兰能够克服实施过程中遇到的障碍，确保人道主义走廊的安全。根据后文“asafehumanitariancorridor”，以及句意“确保”可知,应填现在分词ensuring，作状语。故填ensuring。故选G。【28题详解】考查名词。句意：张重申了中国国务委员兼外交部长王毅就防止乌克兰发生大规模人道主义危机提出的六点倡议。作主语，结合句意表示“倡议”可知，应用单数名词initiative。故填initiative。故选K。【29题详解】考查名词。句意：第二，应充分关注乌克兰境内和来自乌克兰的流离失所者，努力为他们提供适当的避难所。根据上文“fullattentionshouldbegiventothedisplacedpeople”，以及句意“避难所”可知，应填名词shelter，作宾语。故填shelter。故选E。【30题详解】考查动词。句意：第四，保障人道主义援助活动安全顺利，包括提供快速、安全的人道主义援助通道。根据后文“safeandsmoothhumanitarianaidactivities”，以及句意“保障”可知，应填动词guarantee，此处为bemadetodosth.。故填guarantee。故选J。【31题详解】考查动词。句意：为了解决当前的危机，张说，我们必须“坚持联合国宪章的宗旨和原则，尊重和保护所有国家的主权和领土完整；依靠对话、谈判和和平手段解决争端;以实现地区长期稳定为目标，打造平衡、有效和可持续的欧洲安全机制。”根据后文“thecurrentcrisis”，以及句意“解决”可知，应填动词resolve，为不定式作目的状语。故填resolve。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词。句意：为了解决当前的危机，张说，我们必须“坚持联合国宪章的宗旨和原则，尊重和保护所有国家的主权和领土完整；依靠对话、谈判和和平手段解决争端；以实现地区长期稳定为目标，打造平衡、有效和可持续的欧洲安全机制。”根据上文“protectthesovereigntyandterritorial”，以及句意“完整”可知，应填名词integrity，不可数。故填integrity。故选A。【33题详解】

12考查形容词。句意：为了解决当前的危机，张说，我们必须“坚持联合国宪章的宗旨和原则，尊重和保护所有国家的主权和领土完整；依靠对话、谈判和和平手段解决争端；以实现地区长期稳定为目标，打造平衡、有效和可持续的欧洲安全机制。”根据后文“stabilityandforgeabalanced”，以及句意“地区”可知，应填形容词regional，作定语。故填regional。故选I。【34题详解】考查名词。句意：为了解决当前的危机，张说，我们必须“坚持联合国宪章的宗旨和原则，尊重和保护所有国家的主权和领土完整；依靠对话、谈判和和平手段解决争端；以实现地区长期稳定为目标，打造平衡、有效和可持续的欧洲安全机制。”根据上文“effectiveandsustainableEuropeansecurity”，以及句意“机制”可知，应填名词mechanism，作宾语。故填mechanism。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词。句意：中方支持和鼓励一切有利于和平解决乌克兰危机的外交努力，不鼓励任何可能导致乌克兰局势升级的行动。根据后文“actionthatmayescalatethesituationinUkraine”以及句意“不鼓励”可知，应填动词discourage，作谓语，为一般现在时，主语为China，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填discourages。故选F。III.ReadingComprehension（55分）SectionA（15分）Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C,D.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Whatisthefutureofjournalism?Withthecomingofaneweraoftechnologyandconnectivity,journalismwillsoonreachacrisispoint.Howcanjournalistsnowfindtheirownvoiceandkeeptheprofessionaliveandwellamongthe____36____ofmillionsofpeople?KhaledHosseinioncewrotethat“Ifcultureisahouse,languageisthekey”.Imagineifjournalistsdidn’thavetouseaninterpretertospeaktotheir____37____inwarzones,butcouldcommunicatewiththemdirectly?Howmuchmoreinformationwouldtheybeabletogatherthatwouldotherwisehavebeenlostin____38____?NelsonMandelasaidthatifyouspeaktosomeoneinonelanguage,youspeaktotheirhead,butifyouspeaktothemintheir____39____language,youspeaktotheirheart.Technologyisoftenseenasthefutureofjournalism.Wearemoreconnectedthanweeverhavebeenbefore.____40____,thiscanhaveseriousconsequenceswhenitcomestojournalism.Althoughthenewscanbeupdatedquicker,thefastspeedwithwhichtheseinteractionsareallowedtotakeplacecanultimatelydamage____41____:oftentheresimplyisn’ttimetofact-checkorproof-readproperly,whichcanleadtoasevere____42____injournalisticquality.Withtheinternet____43____ourlives,therearemoreandmorevoicesallshoutingtobeheard.Everyone

13hastheirownvoice,allthesocialnetworksarehighly____44____,andtheinternethasananswerforeverythingyouask.Sohowcan_____45_____journalistscompete?Bystickingtothe_____46_____,notsensationalisingifunnecessary,andexhibitingstrengthintheirpersonalstyle.Oneofthegreateststrengthsoftheinternetisitsadaptability.Storiesnolongerhavetoconsistof_____47_____text,withoneortwoimages.Journalistscanuseallsortsofmediatocreatealivelystory,whichwillinturn_____48_____readersquickerandeasierthanapageofcrowdedtext.Althoughthestoryitselfwillstillbethebackboneofjournalism,therewillbeagreatlyincreasedroomforcreativity.Toconclude,aswegrowevermoreconsciousthatweliveinaglobalizedanddigitalizedworld,thereisagreaterdrivetowards_____49_____awarenessandstylisticfactualreporting,whichwillbeinvaluableinjournalism.Inaddition,technologicaladvanceswillandarecurrentlyallowingasharpgrowthof_____50_____intheindustry,wherejournalistsarefindingevermorediverseandfascinatingwaystotelltheirstories.36A.killingB.missingC.shoutingD.reading37.A.employeesB.absenteesC.traineesD.interviewees38.A.exchangeB.translationC.encounterD.operation39.A.officialB.nativeC.informalD.second40.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.Likewise41.A.responsibilityB.credibilityC.flexibilityD.visibility42.A.fallB.extinctionC.depressionD.despair43.A.favouringB.equippingC.defeatingD.dominating44.A.destructiveB.extraordinaryC.feasibleD.influential45.A.overseasB.domesticC.qualityD.wartime46.A.emotionsB.figuresC.interviewsD.facts47.A.plainB.blackC.easyD.virtual48.A.civilizeB.produceC.involveD.benefit49.A.culturalB.economicC.politicalD.environmental50.A.populationB.objectionC.originalityD.vision【36~50题答案】【答案】36.C37.D38.B39.B40.A41.B42.A43.D44.D45.C46.D47.A48.C49.A50.C【解析】【导语】

14这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了新闻行业的未来，指出了这一行业面临的问题以及未来的发展方向。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：记者现在如何才能找到自己的声音，并在数百万人的呐喊中保持职业的活力？A.killing杀死；B.missing错过；C.shouting叫喊；D.reading阅读。根据后文“therearemoreandmorevoicesallshoutingtobeheard”可知，此处指在数百万人的呐喊中保持职业的活力。故选C。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：想象一下，如果记者在战区与采访对象交谈时不必使用口译员，而是可以直接与他们沟通，那会怎样？A.employees员工；B.absentees缺席者；C.trainees实习生；D.interviewees被采访者。根据上文“journalistsdidn’thavetouseaninterpretertospeaktotheir”可知，此处指记者在战区和被采访对象沟通。故选D。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还能收集到多少信息，而这些信息本来会在翻译过程中丢失？A.exchange交换；B.translation翻译；C.encounter遭遇；D.operation操作。根据上文“useaninterpreter”可知，此处指信息在口译的翻译过程中丢失。故选B。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：纳尔逊·曼德拉说过，如果你用一种语言与人交谈，你是在对他们的头脑说话，但如果你用他们的母语与他们交谈，你是在对他们的心说话。A.official官方的；B.native本地的；C.informal非正式的；D.second第二的。根据后文“language,youspeaktotheirheart”可知，使用母语和被采访对象交谈，才是和他们的话对话。故选B。【40题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当涉及到新闻业时，这可能会产生严重的后果。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Moreover此外；D.Likewise否则。根据后文“thiscanhaveseriousconsequenceswhenitcomestojournalism”可知，此处与上文构成转折，应用however。故选A。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然新闻可以更新得更快，但这种互动发生的速度之快最终会损害新闻的可信度：往往根本没有时间进行事实核查或正确校对，这可能会导致新闻质量的严重下降。A.responsibility责任；B.credibility可靠性；C.flexibility灵活；D.visibility能见度。根据后文“oftentheresimplyisn’ttimetofact-checkorproof-readproperly”可知，根本没有时间进行事实核查或正确校对，所以可信度下降。故选B。【42题详解】

15考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然新闻可以更新得更快，但这种互动发生的速度之快最终会损害新闻的可信度：往往根本没有时间进行事实核查或正确校对，这可能会导致新闻质量的严重下降。A.fall下降；B.extinction灭绝；C.depression沮丧；D.despair绝望。根据上文“oftentheresimplyisn’ttimetofact-checkorproof-readproperly”可知，没有时间进行事实核查或正确校对，这可能会导致新闻质量的严重下降。故选A。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着互联网主宰我们的生活，有越来越多的声音都喊着要被听到。A.favouring有利于；B.equipping配备；C.defeating战胜；D.dominating支配。根据后文“ourlives,therearemoreandmorevoicesallshoutingtobeheard”可知，互联网主宰我们的生活，有越来越多的声音都喊着要被听到。故选D。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都有自己的声音，所有的社交网络都有很大的影响力，互联网对你问的所有问题都有答案。A.destructive破坏性的；B.extraordinary卓越的；C.feasible可行的；D.influential有影响力的。根据上文“Everyonehastheirownvoice,allthesocialnetworksarehighly”可知，每个人都有自己的声音，所以所有的社交网络都有很大的影响力。故选D。【45题详解】考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：那么，高质量的记者如何竞争呢？A.overseas海外的；B.domestic国内的；C.quality优质的；D.wartime战时。后文主要提出了做高质量记者的要求。故选C。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：坚持事实，如果没有必要，不要耸人听闻，并以个人风格展示力量。A.emotions情感；B.figures人物；C.interviews面试；D.facts事实。根据后文“notsensationalisingifunnecessary,andexhibitingstrengthintheirpersonalstyle”可知，作者认为好的记者要坚持事实。故选D。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：故事不再由纯文本和一两个图像组成。A.plain朴素的；B.black黑色的；C.easy容易的；D.virtual虚拟的。根据后文“text,withoneortwoimages.Journalistscanuseallsortsofmediatocreatealivelystory”以及常识可知，新闻故事不再由纯文本和一两个图像组成。故选A。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：记者可以使用各种媒体来创造生动的故事，这将比一页拥挤的文本更快更容易地吸引读者。A.civilize教化；B.produce产生；C.involve使陷入，涉及；D.benefit有益于。根据后文“readersquickerandeasierthanapageofcrowdedtext”可知，利用媒体来创造生动的故事，更能吸引读者。故选C。【49题详解】

16考查形容词词义辨析。句意：总而言之，随着我们越来越意识到我们生活在一个全球化和数字化的世界，文化意识和风格的事实报道将有更大的推动力，这将是新闻业的宝贵财富。A.cultural文化的；B.economic经济的；C.political政治的；D.environmental环境的。根据后文“awarenessandstylisticfactualreporting”以及常识可知，此处指文化意识和风格的事实报道将有更大的推动力。故选A。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，技术的进步将会并正在使该行业的原创急剧增长，记者们正在寻找更加多样化和迷人的方式来讲述他们的故事。A.population人口；B.objection反对；C.originality独创性；D.vision愿景。根据上文“technologicaladvanceswillandarecurrentlyallowingasharpgrowthof”可知，此处指技术的进步给记者行业的原创带来增长。故选C。SectionB(32分)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）Beinganormal,healthynineteen-year-old,Rhonawasinthehabitoffallingasleepthemomentherheadtouchedherpillowandnotwakeningupagainuntilhermothercalledheratseven-thirty.Whensheawokethatmorninginthegreylightofearlydawn,shehadnoideawhathaddisturbedher.Thensheimagined,orthoughtsheimagined,afaintsmellofsmokearoundhernostrils(鼻孔).Whatwasstrange,though,wastheveryfactthatshewaswideawakeand,accordingtoherbedsideclock,itwasonlyaquartertofour.Shesatup,listening,alert.Therewasdefinitelyasmellofburning.Risingquickly,shecrossedtothewindowandopeneditquietly,thinkingitwouldbetheremainsofsomegardenbonfire.Butitwasn’t.Shesawsmokeandflamesbillowingoutofadownstairswindownextdoor.Barefootandinpyjamas,sheranfirsttoherparents’room,openingtheirdoortocall,“Mum!Dad!There’safirenextdoor!”Downstairsinaflashshehurriedlydialed999andgavehernameandaddressinclear,brieftones.Bythetimeshehadfinished,Graeme,herelderbrother,wascomingrunningdownstairs.“Yougototheirfrontdoor—I’llgototheback,”shesaidtohim.Asshebangedontheirneighbors’backdoor,shecouldhearachildcryinginfear.Withoutstoppingtothink,Rhonaliftedthelargedoorstopandsmasheditthroughaglasspanel,putherhandinandturnedthekeywhichopenedthedoor.

17Throughthesmokeshesawadryingscreenhungwithwhitewashingandshegrabbedatasmanyofthedamp(湿的)clothesasshecouldonherwaypasttowardsthestairs.HalfwayupshemetMrParkercarryingthebabyandshehurriedlygavehimsomewettowelsbeforedoingthesameforMrsParkerwhowasbehindhimleadingtwo-year-oldClarebythehand.“Crouchdownaslowasyoucan,”Rhonadirectedthemasshetookthechild’sotherhand.Withinamatterofsecondsthefamilywassafelyoutside.51.Rhonawokeupearlyinthemorningbecause________.A.hermothercalledherforanemergencyB.sheheardababycryinginfeardownstairsC.shesmeltsomethingburningintheairD.thealarmclockrangasshesetit52.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Rhona,togetherwithherbrother,Graeme,wenttotheParkers’rescue.B.TheParkersescapedfromtheburninghousetogether.C.Rhonabrokeintothehousebybackdooraftersmashingtheglasspanel.D.RhonacoveredhermouthwiththedampclothesbeforeenteringtheParkers’.53.Accordingtothearticle,Rhonacanbebestdescribedas________.A.alertandtimidB.courageousandstressedC.panic(恐慌)andsympathetic(有同情心的)D.decisiveandresponsive54.Itcanbeinferredthatwhenthefirebrokeout,________.A.TheParkerswereatalosswhattodoB.RhonahadagoodknowledgeofsurvivalskillsC.RhonashowedtheParkersasafefireescapeD.Rhona’sparentshelpedtosavethescaredchildren【51~54题答案】【答案】51.C52.D53.D54.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是19岁女孩Rhona在邻居家发生大火的时候英勇地帮助邻居一家脱险的故事。【51题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thensheimagined,orthoughtsheimagined,afaintsmellofsmokearoundher

18nostrils.(然后她想象，或者自以为她想象，鼻孔周围有一股淡淡的烟味)”和第三段的“Shesatup,listening,alert.Therewasdefinitelyasmellofburning.(她坐起来，警觉地听着。肯定有烧焦的味道)”可知，Rhona早上醒得很早，因为她闻到空气中有东西烧焦了，故选C。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Throughthesmokeshesawadryingscreenhungwithwhitewashingandshegrabbedatasmanyofthedampclothesasshecouldonherwaypasttowardsthestairs.HalfwayupshemetMrParkercarryingthebabyandshehurriedlygavehimsomewettowelsbeforedoingthesameforMrsParkerwhowasbehindhimleadingtwo-year-oldClarebythehand.(透过烟雾，她看见一块晾干的屏风上挂着洗过的白衣服，于是她尽可能多地抓了几件湿衣服，朝楼梯走去。走到半路，她遇到了抱着孩子的帕克先生，她赶紧给了他一些湿毛巾，然后又给了帕克太太一些湿毛巾，帕克太太在他后面拉着两岁克莱尔的手)”可知，Rhona在进帕克家之前并没有用湿衣服捂住嘴。故选D。【53题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Barefootandinpyjamas,sheranfirsttoherparents’room,openingtheirdoortocall,“Mum!Dad!There’safirenextdoor!”(光着脚，穿着睡衣，她先跑到父母的房间，打开他们的门喊:“妈妈!爸爸!隔壁着火了！”)”和第五段的“Downstairsinaflash,shehurriedlydialed999andgavehernameandaddressinclear,brieftones.(下楼后，她迅速拨打了999，用清晰、简短的声音说出了自己的姓名和地址)”可以看出，Rhona反应很迅速，且非常果断，即decisiveandresponsive，故选D。【54题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“shegrabbedatasmanyofthedampclothesasshecould(她尽可能多地抓很多湿衣服)”和最后一段的“Crouchdownaslowasyoucan(尽量蹲下)”可推断出，Rhona知道在遇到大火如何避险，也就是她掌握了丰富的生存技能，故选B。(B)Ourcompany,EasternEnergy,isheretohelpandprovideyouwithpersonaladviceonanymattersconnectedwithyourbilloranyotherquestionsaboutyourgasandelectricitysupply.MovingHomePleasegiveasmuchnoticeaspossibleifyouaremovinghome,butatleast48hoursrequiredforustomakethenecessaryarrangementsforyourgasandelectricitysupply.Pleasetelephoneour24-hourlineat01316753219withdetailsofyourmove.Inmostcaseswearehappytoacceptyourmeterreadingonthedayyoumove.TellthenewoccupantthatEasternEnergysuppliesthehousehold,toensuretheserviceisnotinterrupted.Rememberwecannowsupplyelectricityandgasatyournewaddress,anywhereintheUK.Ifyoudonotcontactus,youmaybeheldresponsibleforthepaymentforelectricityusedafteryouhavemoved.

19MeterReadingEasternEnergyusesvarioustypesofmeterrangingfromthetraditionaldialmeterstonewtechnologydigitaldisplaymeters.Alwaysreadthemeterfromlefttoright,ignoringanyreddials.Ifyourequireassistance,contactour24-hourlineat06007310310.SpecialServicesPasswords–youcanchooseapasswordsothat,wheneverwevisityouathome,youwillknowitisus.Formoreinformation,ringourhelplineat09957290290.HelpandAdviceIfyouneedhelporadvicewithanyissues,pleasecontactusat01316440188.ComplaintsWehopeyouwillneverhaveaproblemorcausetocomplain,but,ifyoudo,pleasecontactourcomplaintshandlingteamatPOBox220,Stanfield,ST556GFortelephoneuson0131675320.SupplyFailureIfyouexperienceanyproblemswithyourelectricitysupply,pleasecallfreeat06007838836,24hoursaday,7daysaweek.55.Ifanoccupantwantstomakesurehowmuchelectricityhehasconsumed,whichnumbershouldhe(she)dial?A.06007838836B.06007310310C.01316440188D.0131675321956.Whenanoccupantmoveshome,he(she)should_________.A.askEasternEnergytoreadthemeterandpaythebillB.telephoneEasternEnergytostoptheelectricitysupplyC.leavetheelectricitybillwiththenewoccupantD.payEasternEnergyfortheelectricityinadvance57.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueExcept_______.A.EasternEnergyusestraditionalmetersdigitalmetersB.PasswordsareneededwhenEasternEnergystaffvisitoccupants’homeC.ComplaintscanbedoneorallyorinwrittenwordD.EasternEnergysupplieselectricityonlyinEasternBritain【55~57题答案】【答案】55.B56.A57.D【解析】

20【分析】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了东方能源公司所能提供的各种服务和联系方式。【55题详解】细节理解题。根据MeterReading部分中的EasternEnergyusesvarioustypesofmeterrangingfromthetraditionaldialmeterstonewtechnologydigitaldisplaymeters…Ifyourequireassistance,contactour24-hourlineat06007310310.（东方能源使用各种类型的仪表，从传统的拨号仪表到新技术的数字显示仪表……如果您需要帮助，请拨打我们的24小时热线06007310310）可知，如果一个住户想要确定他消耗了多少电，他（她）应该拨打06007310310。故选B。【56题详解】推理判断题。根据MovingHome部分中的Inmostcaseswearehappytoacceptyourmeterreadingonthedayyoumove…Ifyoudonotcontactus,youmaybeheldresponsibleforthepaymentforelectricityusedafteryouhavemoved.(在大多数情况下，我们很乐意接受你搬家那天的电表读数……如果您不与我们联系，您可能需要承担搬家后的电费)可推知，当一个住户搬回家后，他（她）应该让东方能源公司看表并付帐。故选A。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据MovingHome部分中的Rememberwecannowsupplyelectricityandgasatyournewaddress,anywhereintheUK.（请记住，我们现在可以在您的新地址供应电力和天然气，在英国的任何地方）可知，东方能源可以给英国的任何地方提供电力。由此可知，D项EasternEnergysupplieselectricityonlyinEasternBritain（东方能源只供应英国东部的电力）描述与原文内容不符。故选D。(C)PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedto(符合)thestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou'llgetacompletelydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen-theUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale,youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversity(多样化)isbecomingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.Diversity,itseems,hasnothelpedtodealwithbasicweaknessesinbusinessleadership.So,whatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthecommercialworld?AccordingtoValerieGauthier,associatedeanatHECParis,thekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogramsrecruit(招募)theirstudents.Atthemoment

21candidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofstandardssuchaspreviousacademicandcareerperformance,andanalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.Thisisthencoupledtoaschool'smixtureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklike,withtheresultthatpassport,ethnicoriginandsexcanallbecomeinfluencingfactors.Butschoolsrarelydigdowntofindoutwhatreallymakesanapplicantsucceed,tocreateaclasswhichalsocontainsdiversityofattitudeandapproach-arguablytheonlydiversitythat,inabusinesscontext,reallymatters.ProfessorGauthierbelievesschoolsshouldnotjustbeselectingcandidatesfromtraditionalsectorssuchasbanking,consultancyandindustry.Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohavebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalscience,thecreativearts,historyorphilosophy,whichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.Indeed,theredoesseemtobeademandforthemoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate.AstudybyMannaz,aleadershipdevelopmentcompany,suggeststhat,whilethebully-boychiefexecutiveofoldmaynothavebeenremovedcompletely,thereisadefiniteshiftinemphasistowardslesstoughstylesofmanagement-atleastinAmericaandEurope.Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthosepopularinScandinavia,whichseektocombinethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibility.58.Whatcharacterizesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationoftoday?A.GreaterdiversityB.Intellectualmaturity.C.Exceptionaldiligence.D.Higherambition.59.Whatistheauthor'sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducation?A.Itwillarousestudents'unrealisticexpectation.B.Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.C.Itfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalskills.D.Itstressescompetitionratherthancooperation.60.WhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkismostimportant?A.Ageandeducationalbackground.B.Socialandprofessionalexperience.C.Attitudeandapproachtobusiness.D.Ethnicoriginandgender.61.WhatapplicantsdoestheauthorthinkMBAprogramsshouldconsiderrecruiting?A.Applicantswithpriorexperienceinbusinesscompanies.B.Applicantswithsoundknowledgeinmathandstatistics.

22C.Applicantsfromoutsidethetraditionalsectors.D.Applicantsfromlessdevelopedregionsandareas.62Theunderlinedwordinthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________A.effectiveB.traditionalC.decisiveD.joint【58~62题答案】【答案】58.A59.B60.B61.C62.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了商业学校的学生现在更加的多样化，但是作者担心他们会培养出来的是一样的未来领导，所以有的专家认为商业学校的学生的多样化应该在于更广泛的社会或专业的经验。【58题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen-theUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale,youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.”（首先，你会看到更多的女性——例如，宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院宣称其新入学的学生中有40%是女性，你还会看到来自几乎每个国家的不同种族和民族的学生。），可知如今商学院的学生群体存在的特点是多样化。故选A项。【59题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.”（在性别、肤色和母语差异的背后，存在着共同的态度、期望和雄心，这可能会在未来创造出特点同质化的商业领袖。），可知作者担心会产生同质化的商业领袖。故选B项。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohavebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalscience,thecreativearts,historyorphilosophy,whichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.”（他们还应该寻找具有政治科学、创意艺术、历史或哲学等领域背景的个人，这将使他们能够将商业决策置于更广泛的背景中。），可知作者认为社会或者专业领域的多样性是最为重要的。故选B项。【61题详解】理解理解题。根据文章最后一段“Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthosepopularinScandinavia,whichseektocombinethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibility.

23”（曼纳兹表示，或许最重要的是，大公司对更具合作性的管理模式越来越感兴趣，比如在斯堪的纳维亚流行的那种模式，这种模式寻求将领导力的硬和软方面结合起来，并鼓励授权责任。），可知作者认为传统的商业领域以外成长起来的领袖是MBA项目应该招收培养的。故选C项。【62题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthosepopularinScandinavia,whichseektocombinethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibility.”（曼纳兹表示，或许最重要的是，大公司对更具合作性的管理模式越来越感兴趣，比如在斯堪的纳维亚流行的那种模式，这种模式寻求将领导力的硬和软方面结合起来，并鼓励授权责任。）中的“whichseektocombinethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibility.”是对前面的名词collaborativemanagementmodels的解释，所以此处collaborative与D项joint（联合的）的意思最为接近。故选D项。【点睛】通读文章了解主要内容揣摩中心思想，认真通读所有题目理解题意，抓住关键词，再带着问题及关键词仔细地阅读有关内容，认真地思考组织答案。比如本篇第3题关键词为ValerieGauthier，带着关键词，找到相关信息在倒数第4段，因此相关题目答案信息应该在此段落内寻找。故此题选择B项。(D)Weliveanddiebyourcellphone,rarelygivingitthechancetorebootandrefresh.Butareyouharmingthedevicewithoutknowingit?Weaskedtheexperts.Formanyofus,oursmartphoneshavebecomeatouchstoneoflife.Itaffectshowwedoourjobs,interactwithourfriendsandfamily,andevenhowweaccessimportantinformationlikeourbanking,andhealthcare.Butareyoutakingpropercareofit?Expertssaythatknowingsimplecaretips,suchashowoftentoshutitdown,candrasticallyaffecthowwellyourphonewillcontinuetoperformtheolderitgets.Thatmeansthesimpleknowledgeofwhentoturnitonandoff,cancostyouhundredsofdollarsinprematurelyreplacingyourphone.Butjusthowoftendoweneedtoshutoffoursmartphones?Asopposedtohowoftenyouneedtoshutdownyourcomputer,yoursmartphonehasamorehardandfastruleyoushouldliveby:onceaweek,shutitoff,letitrestatleastoneminute,andthenyoucanfireitbackup.Therearemultiplereasonswhyyou’resupposedtorestartyourphoneatleastonceaweek,andit’sforagoodcause:retainingmemory,preventingcrashes,runningmoresmoothly,andprolongingbatterylife.Let’stalkfirstaboutalltheappsyouuseonadailybasis.“Inmostcases,theappisn’treallyclosedbutrather,it’sputintoastatewhereitcanberestartedfaster,”saysBobMotamedi,aLosAngeles-basedtechconsultant.“Nowthinkabouthowmanyappsareopen,slowlyeatingmemoryandbatterypoweronthephone,andthinkaboutallthosetimesyou’vethoughtthatyourphonedrainedentirelytoofastthatday.”Restartingthephoneclearsopenappsandmemoryleaks,andgetsridofanythingdrainingyourbattery.Hereareotherthingsyoucandotohelpprolongyoursmartphonebattery.Crashinghappensforvarious

24reasons,butnotrestartingyourphonecandefinitelyhaveaneffecthereaswell,aseveryupdate,pageloaded,andappinstalledordeletedwilladdandremovecodeintheoperatingsystemofthephone.“Sometimestheseremnantsareincompatibleorimproperlyremovedafterinstallationorun-installation,”saysMotamedi.“Restartingyourphonewilleliminatemostoftheseissuesandwillgetyourphoneworkingbetter.”Thegoodnewsisthateventhoughfailingtorestartyourphoneperiodicallycouldzapmemoryandcausecrashes,itwon’tdirectlykillyourbattery.Whatcouldkillyourbatteryisalwaysrushingtorecharge.“Ifyouneverletyourbatterydrainfully,itwillneverlearntorechargefullyandwillshortenthebattery’slife,”saysMotamedi.“It’srecommendedthatyouletthebatterydraindownto0percent,andthenrefillitbackupto100percent.”Thesameistrueforlaptops,accordingtoJoshDavisofAbtElectronicsinGlenview,Illinois.“Afteracoupleofyearsofleavingyourlaptoppluggedinallthetime,youcanexpectitnottoholdmuchofachargeatallwhenyougoportable.”Inacrunchandneedtochargeupfast?Checkoutthistricktochargeyourphoneinjust5minutes.Tohelppreservememoryandpreventcrashes,considerrestartingyoursmartphoneatleastonceaweek.Wepromiseyouwon’tmisstoomuchinthetwominutesitmighttaketoreboot.Meanwhile,you’llwanttostopbelievingthesephonebatteryandchargermyths.63.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat________.A.Smartphoneisacommonthinginourlife.Itaffectsouroccupationsandcommunicationwithourfriendsandrelatives,andreceivestheinformationofbanking,andhealthcare.B.Expertssaythatknowingsimplereservesteps,suchashowlongtoshutitdown,cangreatlyaffecthowwellyourphonewillworkwhenyoubuyit.C.Restartingthephoneclearsopenappsandmemoryleaks,andgainssomethingdrainingyourbatteryagain.D.Thestudyshowedthatfailingtorestartyourphonesometimescouldconfusememoryandcausecrashes,whichwilldirectlysaveyourbattery.64.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Therearesomereasonswhyyoushouldrestartyourphonenotlessthanonceaweek,andit’sforagoodcause:reservememory,stoppingcrashes,runningmoresmoothly,andlongerbatterylife.B.“Sometimestheseremnantsarecomplexorproperlyremovedafterinstallationorun-installation,”saysMotamedi.C.Whatcouldkillyourbatteryisalwaysfrequentlytochargeagainandagain.D.Restartingdevicesisarecommendedwaytopreservethebatteryforbothsmartphonesandlaptops.65.Whatisrecommendedwaytousebatteryoflaptopaccordingtothepassage?

25A.Letthebatteryuseupto0percentthenrechargeitupto100percent,whichisagoodwayforlaptops.B.You’resupposedtorestartyourphoneatleastonceaweek.C.Restartingthephoneclearsopenappsandmemoryleaks,andgetsridofanythingdrainingyourbattery.D.Tohelppreservememoryandpreventcrashes,considerrestartingyoursmartphoneatleastonceaweek.66.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Considerrestartingyoursmartphoneatleastinthetwominutes.B.Tohelppreservememoryandpreventcrashes,youwillmisstoomuchinthetwominutes.C.Restartingyoursmartphonecanhelpstopbelievingthesephonebatteryandchargermyths.D.Restartingyoursmartphonecanhelppreservememoryandpreventcrashes.【63~66题答案】【答案】63.A64.B65.A66.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了手机和我们形影不离，影响着生活的方方面面。文章主要对手机的使用和维护提出了一些建议。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Formanyofus,oursmartphoneshavebecomeatouchstoneoflife.Itaffectshowwedoourjobs,interactwithourfriendsandfamily,andevenhowweaccessimportantinformationlikeourbanking,andhealthcare.(对我们很多人来说，智能手机已经成为生活的试金石。它影响我们的工作方式、与朋友和家人的互动方式，甚至影响我们获取银行和医疗等重要信息的方式)”可知，智能手机在我们的生活中很常见。它影响着我们的职业，影响着我们与亲朋好友的交流，也影响着我们接收银行、医疗等方面的信息。故选A。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中““Sometimestheseremnantsareincompatibleorimproperlyremovedafterinstallationorun-installation,”saysMotamedi.“Restartingyourphonewilleliminatemostoftheseissuesandwillgetyourphoneworkingbetter.”(Motamedi说：“有时这些残留物在安装或卸载后不兼容或不适当地被移除。重新启动你的手机将消除大部分这些问题，让你的手机工作得更好。”)”可知，B选项“Motamedi说：‘有时这些残余物很复杂，或在安装或拆除后被适当清除。’”文章没有提到。故选B。【65题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中““It’srecommendedthatyouletthebatterydraindownto0percent,andthenrefillitbackupto100percent.”Thesameistrueforlaptops,accordingtoJoshDavisofAbtElectronicsinGlenview,Illinois.(“建议你先让电池耗电量降到0%，然后再重新充到100%

26。”伊利诺斯州格伦维尤的阿伯特电子公司的乔希·戴维斯说，笔记本电脑也是如此)”可知，文章建议笔记本电脑电池的使用方法是：让电池使用到0%，然后再充电到100%，这对笔记本电脑来说是一个很好的方法。故选A。【66题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Tohelppreservememoryandpreventcrashes,considerrestartingyoursmartphoneatleastonceaweek.Wepromiseyouwon’tmisstoomuchinthetwominutesitmighttaketoreboot.Meanwhile,you’llwanttostopbelievingthesephonebatteryandchargermyths.(为了帮助保存内存和防止崩溃，考虑至少每周重新启动你的智能手机一次。我们保证，在重启所需的两分钟内，你不会错过太多。与此同时，你会想要停止相信这些手机电池和充电器的神话)”可知，最后一段的主旨是重启你的智能手机可以帮助保存内存，防止崩溃。故选D。SectionC(8分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Yourclientsandcolleaguesdon’thavetimetoengagefullywitheverye-mailtheyget.Someofthemreceivehundredsofmessagesperday.That’swhytheystartwiththeonestheycandealwithquickly.Theymaynevergetaroundtoanswering—orevenreading—therest.Sohowdoyouearntheirattention?Trythesetips:Sticktostandardcapitalizationandpunctuation.Conventionsofgoodwritingmayseemlikeawasteoftimefore-mail,especiallywhenyou’retappingoutmessagesonahandhelddevice.Butit’samatterofgettingthingsright—thelittlethings.Evenifpeopleinyourgroupdon’tcapitalizeorpunctuateintheirmessages,standoutassomeonewhodoes.____67____Andtheirabbreviatedstylecanbeconfusing.Ittakeslesstimetowriteaclearmessagethefirsttimearoundthanitdoestofollowuptoexplainwhatyoumeanttosay.Bebrief—butnottoobrief.____68____Themoretheyhavetoscrollorswipe,thelessreceptivethey’llbetoyourmessage.They’llprobablyjustskimitandmissimportantdetails—orskipitaltogether.Sorarelycomposemorethanasinglescreenofreading.Focusyourcontent,andtightenyourlanguage.Butasyou’retrimmingthefatfromyourmessage,keepthemeatcomplete.Whengivingaprojectupdate,forexample,supplyenoughbackgroundinformationtoguideyourreaders.Consideryourmessagefromtheirperspective.Theyaren’tasabsorbedinyourprojectasyouare,andtheyprobablyhavemanyotherthingsgoingon.Soremindthemwherethingsstoodwhenyoulastsentanupdate,anddescribewhat’shappenedsincethen.____69____Beforehitting“Send”,checkyoursubjectline.Ifit’sblank,yourmessagewillgetlostinyourrecipient’soverstuffedinbox.Areyouaskingsomeonetotakeaction?Highlightthatinthesubjectline.Make

27yourrequesteasytofind—andfulfill.Copypeoplecautiously.Includeonlythosewhowillimmediatelygraspwhythey’reonthethread;don’tautomaticallyclickon“ReplyAll.”Yourcorrespondentmayhavebeenoverinclusivewiththe“Copy”list,andifyourepeatthatmistake,you’llcontinuetoannoytherecipientswhoshouldn’tbethere.____70____A.Addashortbutdescriptivesubjectline.B.Havingotherswaitingforyoure-mailshurtstheirenthusiasmforwork.C.Itcouldgetyouabadreputationasbeingcareless.D.Peoplefindlonge-mailsannoyingandenergy-draining.E.Rushede-mailsthatviolatethebasicnormsofwrittenlanguageshowcarelessness.F.Sendingoute-mailsafterworkinghourcouldbeseenasbeingimpolite.【67~70题答案】【答案】67.E68.D69.A70.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些书写电子邮件的建议。【67题详解】根据上文“Sticktostandardcapitalizationandpunctuation.Conventionsofgoodwritingmayseemlikeawasteoftimefore-mail,especiallywhenyou’retappingoutmessagesonahandhelddevice.Butit’samatterofgettingthingsright—thelittlethings.Evenifpeopleinyourgroupdon’tcapitalizeorpunctuateintheirmessages,standoutassomeonewhodoes.(坚持使用标准的大写和标点符号。对于电子邮件来说，良好的写作习惯似乎是在浪费时间，尤其是当你在手持设备上敲出消息时。但这是一个把事情做好的问题——把小事做好。即使你组里的人在他们的信息中不大写或加标点，如果有人这样做了，你也会脱颖而出)”以及后文“Andtheirabbreviatedstylecanbeconfusing.Ittakeslesstimetowriteaclearmessagethefirsttimearoundthanitdoestofollowuptoexplainwhatyoumeanttosay.(他们的简写风格可能会让人困惑。第一次就写清楚信息比随后解释你想说什么要花更少的时间)”可知，上文提到有人注意了书写规范也会让同组的人脱颖而出。由此可知，本句说明不遵守书面语言基本规范的不良影响：粗心的表现。故E选项“违反书面语言基本规范的匆忙的电子邮件是粗心的表现”符合语境，故选E。【68题详解】根据上文“Bebrief—butnottoobrief.(要简短——但不要太简短)”以及后文“Themoretheyhavetoscrollorswipe,thelessreceptivethey’llbetoyourmessage.They’llprobablyjustskimitandmissimportantdetails—orskipitaltogether.Sorarelycomposemorethanasinglescreenofreading.(

28他们滚动或滑动的次数越多，就越不容易接受你的信息。他们可能只是略读而忽略了重要的细节——或者干脆跳过。所以不要写超过一屏的文章)”可知，后文提到文章越长，人们越烦，可见人们不喜欢长邮件。由此可知，D选项“人们觉得长邮件很烦人，耗费精力”符合语境，故选D。【69题详解】根据后文“Beforehitting“Send”,checkyoursubjectline.Ifit’sblank,yourmessagewillgetlostinyourrecipient’soverstuffedinbox.Areyouaskingsomeonetotakeaction?Highlightthatinthesubjectline.Makeyourrequesteasytofind—andfulfill.(在点击“发送”之前，检查一下你的主题。如果它是空白的，你的邮件就会迷失在收件人塞满的收件箱中。你是在要求别人采取行动吗？在主题行中强调这一点。让你的请求容易被发现和实现)”可知，本段主要是关于给邮件添加主题的建议，A选项中subjectline对应后文中subjectline。由此可知，A选项“添加一个简短但描述性的主题行”符合语境，故选A。【70题详解】根据上文“Copypeoplecautiously.Includeonlythosewhowillimmediatelygraspwhythey’reonthethread;don’tautomaticallyclickon“ReplyAll.”Yourcorrespondentmayhavebeenoverinclusivewiththe“Copy”list,andifyourepeatthatmistake,you’llcontinuetoannoytherecipientswhoshouldn’tbethere.(谨慎复制他人信息。只包括那些会立刻明白自己为什么会被关注的人；要自动点击“回复全部”。你的收信人可能在“抄送”清单上写得太多了，如果你再犯同样的错误，你会继续惹恼那些本不应该在那里的收信人)”可知，上文提到了误发邮件的情况，本句为本段最后一句，说明其结果：给你带来粗心大意的坏名声。由此可知，C选项“它会给你带来粗心大意的坏名声”符合语境，故选C。IV.Translation(20分)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.71.应该鼓励学生们多参加体育锻炼和接近自然，特别是在巨大压力下学习。(pressure)（汉译英）【71题答案】【答案】Studentsshouldbeencouragedtotakemorephysicalexerciseandapproachnaturemorefrequentlyespeciallywhenstudyingundergreatpressure.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。此处主语为复数名词students；表示“被鼓励做某事”短语为beencouragedtodo，should后跟动词原形；表示“多参加体育锻炼和接近自然”翻译为takemorephysicalexerciseandapproachnaturemorefrequently；表示“特别是在巨大压力下学习”翻译为especiallywhenstudyingundergreatpressure。故翻译为Studentsshouldbeencouragedtotakemorephysicalexerciseandapproachnaturemorefrequentlyespeciallywhenstudyingundergreatpressure.72.正是无人驾驶技术让我们在紧急时刻边打电话边开车成为可能。(It)（汉译英）

29【72题答案】【答案】Itisdriverlesstechnologythathasmadeitpossible/makesitpossibleforustomakeaphonecallinanemergencywhiledriving.【解析】【详解】考查强调句、形式宾语、时态和省略。描述事实用一般现在时。强调句Itis...that。强调的是driverlesstechnology，“使做某事对于某人成为可能”用makesitpossibleforsomebodytodo表示，表示现在之前也可以用现在完成时，表示“在紧急时刻”表示为inanemergency，“打电话”表示为makeaphonecall，“当开车时”表示为whiledriving，省略了主语和be动词。故翻译为Itisdriverlesstechnologythathasmadeitpossible/makesitpossibleforustomakeaphonecallinanemergencywhiledriving.73.他在演讲比赛中的表现远远不令人满意，他似乎缺乏获胜所需要的乐观态度，决心和坚持。（far）（汉译英）【73题答案】【答案】Hisperformanceinthespeechcompetitionisfarfromsatisfactoryandheseemstolackoptimisticattitude,determinationandperseveranceforsuccess.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“他在演讲比赛中的表现”翻译为hisperformanceinthespeechcompetition，作主语；表示“远远不令人满意”翻译为befarfromsatisfactory；表示“似乎……”短语为seemtodosth.；表示“缺乏获胜所需要的乐观态度，决心和坚持”翻译为lackoptimisticattitude,determinationandperseveranceforsuccess。故翻译为Hisperformanceinthespeechcompetitionisfarfromsatisfactoryandheseemstolackoptimisticattitude,determinationandperseveranceforsuccess.74.先进科技的使用例如人工智能确保了北京2022冬季奥运会顺利进行。（ensure）（汉译英）【74题答案】【答案】TheuseofadvancedtechnologiessuchasartificialintelligenceensuredthesmoothprogressoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGames.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“现金技术的使用”短语为theuseofadvancedtechnologies，作主语；表示“例如人工智能”短语为suchasartificialintelligence；表示“确保”应用ensure；表示“北京2022冬季奥运会顺利进行”翻译为thesmoothprogressoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGames。句子用一般过去时。故翻译为TheuseofadvancedtechnologiessuchasartificialintelligenceensuredthesmoothprogressoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGames.听力答案：1D2B3B4A5D6C7B8B9C10C11D12C13B14B15D16A17C18B

3019D20C