上海市控江中学2021-2022学年高一下学期3月月考测试英语 Word版含解析

上海市控江中学2021-2022学年高一下学期3月月考测试英语 Word版含解析

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上海市控江中学2024届高一第二学期3月月考英语试卷(考试时间80分钟,满分100分)II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA(10’)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow.fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankAChangingCityForcenturies,BeijinghasbeenthepromisedlandofChina.Originallyawalledbastionforemperorsandofficials,itremainsamajesticpoliticalandarchitecturalmarvel.Today,peoplefromthecountrysidestillflocktothecityinsearchoftheelusivepotofgoldattheendoftherainbow.Thelureofthecapitalprovestooenticing.Meanwhile,downtheroadbytheFriendshipStore,smartly____1____(dress)customersclutchingmobilephonesheadforthenearestbanquetordisco.PerhapsnowhereelseinChinamorethaninBeijingisthegenerationgap____2____(visible).Appalledbythecurrentdriveto'modernize',manyolderpeoplestillwaxeuphoric(兴高采烈地谈论)abouttheyearsofsacrificeforthesocialistrevolution.Butmanyyoungstersaremoreinterested--likeyoungsterseverywhere--inmoney,motorbikes,fashion,videogamesandrockmusic(thoughnotnecessarilyinthatorder)ForeignersseemtoenjoyBeijingsincethecityofferssomuchtoseeanddo.Things____3____(change)drasticallyinthelasttenyearsorso.TheBeijingoftodayisaforestofconstructioncranes,bulldozersand24-hourworkcrews____4____(scramble)tobuildthenewChina.Plushshoppingmallsandfive-starhotelsrise____5____therubble.____6____numberoftheroadsignsandadvertisingbillboardsarenowinEnglish.____7____onesaysaboutBeijingtoday,itprobablywon’tbetruetomorrow.Thecityischangingsorapidlythatitmakesyoudizzy.Whateverimpressionyoucomeawaywith,BeijingisoneofthemostfascinatingplacesinChina.It____8____besomethingofashowcase,butwhatcapitalcityisn’t?WithinitsenvironsyouwillfindsomeofChina'smoststunningsights-theForbiddenCity,theSummerPalaceandtheGreatWall,tonamejustafew.Thecity____9____offerssomuchofinterestthatthemaincomplaintofmostvisitorsis____10____theysimplyrunoutoftimebeforeseeingitall.【答案】1.dressed

12.morevisible3.havechanged4.scrambling5.from6.A7.Whatever8.may9.itself10.that【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是北京的不断变化。【1题详解】考查形容词。句意:与此同时,沿着友谊商店的路走下去,穿着漂亮的顾客手里拿着手机,奔向最近的宴会或迪斯科舞厅。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词customers,dress的形容词是dressed,意为“打扮好的”,故填dressed。【2题详解】考查比较级。句意:在中国,也许没有哪个地方比北京更能看到代沟。根据语境可知,句子表示“也许中国其他地方没有比北京更明显的代沟”,空格处用比较级morevisible,故填morevisible。【3题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去十年左右的时间里,情况发生了巨大的变化。由“inthelasttenyears”可知,句子时态是现在完成时,主语Things是复数,因此空格处havechanged,故填havechanged。【4题详解】考查现在分词。句意:今天的北京是一个建筑起重机的森林,推土机和24小时工作的工人们争先恐后地建设新中国。分析句子结构可知,句中谓语是is,空格处用非谓语动词作定语,crews和scramble之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词scrambling表主动,故填scrambling。【5题详解】考查固定短语和介词。句意:豪华的购物中心和五星级酒店从废墟中拔地而起。risefrom是固定短语,意为“从……升起”,因此空格处是介词from,故填from。【6题详解】考查冠词和固定短语。句意:许多路标和广告牌现在都是英文的。anumberof是固定短语,意为“很多”,因此空格处是冠词a,位于句首,首字母大写,故填A。【7题详解】

2考查让步状语从句。句意:不管人们今天对北京说什么,明天可能就不是真的了。分析句子结构可知,句子表示“不管人们今天对北京说什么”,因此空格处是“无论什么”,是whatever,位于句首,首字母大写,故填Whatever。【8题详解】考查情态动词。句意:这可能有点像展示,但哪个首都不是呢?空格后是原形be,因此空格处用情态动词,根据下文“butwhatcapitalcityisn’t?”可知,句子表示“这可能是一种展示”,是一种推测,空格处意为“可能”,用may,故填may。【9题详解】考查反身代词。句意:这个城市本身提供了如此多有趣的东西,以至于大多数游客的主要抱怨是,他们还没看完之前就已经花光了时间了。根据语境可知,句子表示“这座城市本身提供了如此多的兴趣”,空格处用反身代词,主语Thecity,因此空格处是itself,故填itself。【10题详解】考查表语从句。句意:这个城市本身提供了如此多有趣的东西,以至于大多数游客的主要抱怨是,他们还没看完之前就已经花光了时间了。is后是表语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,且句子意思完整,因此空格处用that,故填that。SectionB(10’)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.crucialB.scandalC.prioritizeD.investE.phaseF.persistG.reverseH.propertyI.potentialJ.outnumberK.vulnerableGettinggirlhoodrightFormuchofhumanhistoryandinmanyplaces,girlswereconsidered___11___.Or,atbest,subordinate(从属的)people,requiredtoobeytheirfathersuntilthedaytheyhadtostartobeyingtheirhusbands.Fewpeoplethoughtitworthwhiletoeducatethem.EvenfewerimaginedthatagirlcouldgrowuptogovernGermany,runtheIMForinventavaccine.Inmostoftheworldthatvisionofgirlhoodnowseemsnotmerelyold-fashionedbutunimaginablyremote.Inmuchoftherichworldparentsnowtreattheirdaughtersaswellastheydotheirsons,and___12___asmuchintheirfuture.Infieldafterfieldgirlshavecaughtupwithboys.Globally,youngwomennow___13___youngmenatuniversity.

3Becausethebenefitsofnurturinggirlsaresolarge,itisa(n)___14___thatsomecountrieshavestillfailedtograspthem.Andthecovid-19pandemiccouldslowprogressforgirlsinpoorcountries,oreven___15___it.Duringpreviousdisasters,theyhaveoftensufferedmost.WhenEbolaforcedwestAfricanschoolstoclosein2014,manygirlsdroppedout,neverwentbackandendeduppregnantoraschildlaborers.UNICEFwarnsthatsomethingsimilarcouldhappenwithcovid-19–butonalargerscale.Theriskofregression(退化)isreal.Soitiscrucialthat,evenifgovernmentsofpoorcountrieshavetotightentheirbelts,they___16___spendingoneducationandgirls.Donorsshouldhelp,too.Andpoliciesshouldbejoinedup.Adolescenceisa(n)___17___pointforgirls.Itiswhenmanyhealthproblemsemergeorareprevented;andmanysocialones,too.Onlyrecentlyhasthis___18___beenrecognizedasthemostimportantforbraindevelopmentafterinfancy.Getitrightandbillionsofgirlswillhaveabettershotatfulfillingtheir___19___.Getitwrongandtheywilllivepoorer,shorterlives,lessabletostandupforthemselves,more___20___tocoercion(强迫,胁迫),andmorelikelytopassthesedisadvantagesontothenextgeneration.So,getgirlhoodright.【答案】11.H12.D13.J14.B15.G16.F17.A18.E19I20.K【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了女童的社会地位情况,尽管全球范围来看,女大学生的数量已经超过了男生,但是疫情面前,贫穷国家的女童的教育堪忧,作者呼吁相关政府应坚持对教育以及女童的经济扶持,因为女童时期的培养对于一个国家的发展至关重要。【11题详解】考查名词。句意:在人类历史的大部分时间里,在很多地方,女孩都被视为财产。根据下一句“Or,atbest,subordinate(从属的)people,requiredtoobeytheirfathersuntilthedaytheyhadtostartobeyingtheirhusbands.(或者,充其量,属于隶属的人,被要求服从他们的父亲,直到他们不得不开始服从他们的丈夫)”可知,以前女孩子的地位及其卑微,在家从父,出嫁从夫,被视为隶属的所有物。设空处应填名词property,意为“所有物,财产”,作主语girls的补语。故选H项。【12题详解】考查动词。句意:在许多富裕国家,父母对待女儿和对待儿子一样,对女儿的未来投资也一样多。根据第一段“Fewpeoplethoughtitworthwhiletoeducatethem.(很少有人认为值得教育他们)”,以及下一句“In

4fieldafterfieldgirlshavecaughtupwithboys.(在一个又一个领域里,女孩已经赶上了男孩)”可知,以前女孩没有受教育的权利,现在富裕国家的父母对女儿的投资之一,可以理解为让女孩子受教育,使得女孩子可以参与到很多领域中,故设空处应填动词invest,意为“投资”,作谓语动词。故选D项。【13题详解】考查动词。句意:从全球来看,在大学里,年轻女性的数量已经超过了年轻男性。根据前一句“Infieldafterfieldgirlshavecaughtupwithboys.(在一个又一个领域里,女孩已经赶上了男孩)”,设空处应填动词outnumber,意为“数目超过,比……多”,作谓语动词。故选J项。【14题详解】考查名词。句意:由于培养女孩的好处是如此之大,一些国家至今仍未能领会这一点,这是一件令人震惊的事情。此处涉及句型Itisascandalthat...意为“……是令人震惊的事情”;此处应填名词scandal,意为“丑闻,令人震惊(或反感)的事情”,作表语。故选B项。【15题详解】考查动词。句意:而covid-19大流行可能会减缓贫穷国家女童的进步,甚至出现逆转这一趋势。有下文“WhenEbolaforcedwestAfricanschoolstoclosein2014,manygirlsdroppedout,neverwentbackandendeduppregnantoraschildlaborers.(2014年,埃博拉病毒迫使西非学校关闭,许多女孩辍学,再也没有回去,最终怀孕或成为童工)”可知,由埃博拉病毒对女童的负面影响,可推知:因为疫情,贫穷国家的女童的培养情况会大不如前,甚至会像埃博拉病毒那时,出现相同的负面影响。设空处应填动词reverse,意为“逆转,彻底改变”,作谓语动词。故选G项。【16题详解】考查动词。句意:因此,至关重要的是,即使贫穷国家的政府不得不勒紧裤腰带,他们也要坚持在教育和女孩方面的支出。根据后两句“Donorsshouldhelp,too.Andpoliciesshouldbejoinedup.(捐助者也应该提供帮助。政策应该结合起来)”可知,再穷不能穷教育,在教育方面和女童方面,政府要坚持做到保证经费。设空处应填动词persist,意为“坚持”,作谓语动词。故选F项。【17题详解】考查形容词。句意:青春期是女孩的一个关键时期。根据后一句“Itiswhenmanyhealthproblemsemergeorareprevented;andmanysocialones,too.(青春期是许多健康问题出现或得到预防的时候;,也是很多社交问题出现或得到预防的时候)”,所以,青春期很重要,设空处应填形容词crucial,意为“至关重要的,关键性的”,作point的前置定语。故选A项。【18题详解】考查名词。句意:直到最近,这个阶段才被认为是婴儿期后大脑发育最重要的阶段。设空处应填名词phase,意为“阶段,时期”,此处特指“青春期”。故选E项。

5【19题详解】考查名词。句意:如果做对了,数以亿计的女孩将有更好的机会发挥她们的潜力。设空处应填名词potential,意为“潜力”;动词短语fulfilone'spotential,意为“发挥她们的潜力”。故选I项。【20题详解】考查形容词。句意:如果做错了,他们会活得更穷,寿命更短,更没有能力为自己挺身而出,更容易受到胁迫,更有可能把这些劣势传递给下一代。设空处应填形容词vulnerable,意为“易受…伤害的”,短语bevulnerabletosth,意为“易受…伤害的”。故选K项。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(15’)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.HowmanypeoplecanspeakEnglish?Someexpertsestimatethat1.5billionpeople—aroundone-quarteroftheworld’spopulation—cancommunicatereasonablywellinEnglish.Neverinrecordedhistoryhasalanguagebeenas_____21_____spokenasEnglishistoday.Thereasonwhymillionsarelearningitissimple:itisthelanguageofinternationalbusinessand_____22_____,thekeytoprosperity.ItisnotjustthatmultinationalcompaniesconducttheirbusinessinEnglish;itisthelanguageinwhichGermansspeaktoIndonesians.DavidGtaddol,theauthorofEnglishNext,saysitistemptingtoviewthestoryofEnglishsimplyasavictoryforitsnativespeakersinNorthAmerica,BritainandIreland,andAustralia—butthatwouldbea_____23_____.GlobalEnglishhasenteredamorecomplexstage,changinginwaysthattheEnglish-speakingcountriescannotcontrolandmight_____24_____.Animportantquestiononemightaskis:whoseEnglishwillitbeinthefuture?Non-nativespeakersnow_____25_____nativeEnglishspeakersbythreetoone.Themajorityof_____26_____inEnglishtodaytakeplacebetweennon-nativespeakers.AccordingtoDavidGraddol,manybusinessmeetingsheldinEnglishappeartorunmore_____27_____whentherearenonativeEnglishspeakerspresent.Thisisbecausenativespeakersareoften_____28_____atensuringthattheyareunderstoodininternationaldiscussions.TheytendtothinktheyneedtoavoidlongerLatin-basedwords,butinfact_____29_____problemsaremoreoftencausedbytheiruseofidioms,metaphors,andphrasalverbs.Ononeoccasion,ataninternationalstudentconferenceinAmsterdam,conductedinEnglish,theonlyBritishrepresentativewasaskedtobe“less_____30_____”sothattheotherscouldunderstandher.

6ProfessorBarbaraSeidlhofer,ProfessorofEnglishattheUniversityofVienna,recordsspokenEnglish_____31_____betweenspeakersofthelanguagearoundtheworld.Shesaysherteamhasnoticedthatnon-nativespeakersare_____32_____standardEnglishgrammarinseveralways.Eventhemostfluentspeakerssometimesomitthe"s"inthethirdpersonsingular.Manyomitdefiniteandindefinitearticleswheretheyare_____33_____instandardEnglish,orputtheminwherestandardEnglishdoesnotusethem.Nounsthatarenotpluralinnative-speakerEnglishareusedaspluralsbynon-nativespeakers(eg,“informations”,“knowledges”,advices”).Othervariationsinclude“makeadiscussion”,“discussaboutsomething”,or“phonetosomebody”.ManynativeEnglishspeakerswillinsistthatthesearenotvariations,theyaremistakes.“Knowledges”and“phonetosomebody”aresimply_____34_____.Manynon-nativespeakerswhoteachEnglisharoundtheworldwouldagree.Butlanguagechanges,andsodoideasofgrammatical_____35_____.21A.wellB.widelyC.fullyD.regularly22.A.besidesB.thereforeC.otherwiseD.however23.A.mistakeB.successC.challengeD.competition24.A.forgetB.undergoC.justifyD.dislike25.A.understandB.envyC.outnumberD.overload26.A.encountersB.instructionsC.negotiationsD.treatments27.A.roughlyB.slowlyC.swiftlyD.smoothly28.A.poorB.angryC.cleverD.skillful29.A.equipmentB.economyC.comprehensionD.culture30.A.visibleB.considerateC.EnglishD.foreign31.A.grammarB.interactionsC.coursesD.vocabulary32.A.studyingB.explainingC.checkingD.varying33.A.requiredB.deletedC.judgedD.stressed34.A.harmfulB.impoliteC.wrongD.illogical35.A.phenomenonB.researchC.structureD.correctness【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.D25.C26.A27.D28.A29.C30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。随着越来越多的非英语母语人士使用英语,全球英语已经进入了一个更加复杂的阶段,以英语国家无法控制甚至可能不喜欢的方式发生着变化,非母语的人在多个方面错误地使用英语语法,但是既然语言在改变,语法正确性的概念也可能会改变。

7【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:在有记录的历史上,从来没有一种语言像今天的英语那样被广泛使用。A.well好;B.widely广泛地;C.fully充分地;D.regularly定期地。根据第一段“Someexpertsestimatethat1.5billionpeople—aroundone-quarteroftheworld’spopulation—cancommunicatereasonablywellinEnglish.(一些专家估计,有15亿人——大约占世界人口的四分之一——可以相当好地用英语进行交流)”可见,英语被广泛的使用。故选B项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:数百万人学习英语的原因很简单:英语是国际商务的语言,因此是成功的关键。A.besides而且;B.therefore因此;C.otherwise否则;D.however然而。根据上半句,英语是国际商务的语言,因此,英语也是生意繁荣事业成功的关键,前半句后后半句(itis)thekeytoprosperity为因果关系。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:《英语的下一步》一书的作者大卫•格塔德尔表示,人们很容易把英语的故事简单地看作是北美、英国、爱尔兰和澳大利亚的母语人士的胜利——但这是错误的。A.mistake错误;B.success成功;C.challenge挑战;D.competition竞争。根据设空处句首的but,可知此句与前面的陈述是相对立的,那么前面的观点是错误的,且后一句“GlobalEnglishhasenteredamorecomplexstage,changinginwaysthattheEnglish-speakingcountriescannotcontrolandmight  4    .(全球英语已经进入了一个更加复杂的阶段,以英语国家无法控制甚至可能不喜欢的方式发生着变化)”,英语不在单纯属于“itsnativespeakersinNorthAmerica,BritainandIreland,andAustralia”。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:全球英语已经进入了一个更加复杂的阶段,以英语国家无法控制甚至可能不喜欢的方式发生着变化。A.forget忘记;B.undergo经历;C.justify是……的正当理由;D.dislike不喜欢。根据第一段“Someexpertsestimatethat1.5billionpeople—aroundone-quarteroftheworld’spopulation—cancommunicatereasonablywellinEnglish.(一些专家估计,有15亿人——大约占世界人口的四分之一——可以相当好地用英语进行交流)”,以及第三段第一句“Animportantquestiononemightaskis:whoseEnglishwillitbeinthefuture?(人们可能会问一个重要的问题:未来会是谁的英语?)”,可见,英语国家对于英语的发展已经无法控制,未来是谁的英语,不再有英语国家做主,这个变化的方式令英语国家不喜欢,故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:如今,非英语母语人士与英语母语人士的比例为三比一。A.understand理解;B.envy羡慕;C.outnumber数目超过;比……多;D.overload过载。根据前一句“Animportantquestion

8onemightaskis:whoseEnglishwillitbeinthefuture(人们可能会问一个重要的问题:未来会是谁的英语?)”可推测,非英语母语人士超过了英语母语人士,导致英语国家对英语的发展无法控制,短语AoutnumberBbythreetoone,意为“A与B的比例为三比一”。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:如今,大多数英语交流都发生在非英语母语人士之间。A.encounters偶遇,经历;B.instructions指示;C.negotiations谈判,协商;D.treatments治疗。根据语境,可知,非英语母语人士有经常要用英语交流的经历。故选A项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:据DavidGraddol说,许多用英语举行的商务会议在没有英语母语人士在场的情况下会进行得更顺利。A.roughly粗略地;B.slowly缓慢地;C.swiftly迅速地;D.smoothly平稳地。根据下一句“Thisisbecausenativespeakersareoften    8    atensuringthattheyareunderstoodininternationaldiscussions.(这是因为以英语为母语的人在确保他们在国际讨论中被理解方面往往很差)”可推断,英语母语人士说的英语不能被非英语母语人士理解,会影响会议节奏,没有英语母语人士的情况下,与会人士都能听懂对方的英语,会议反而更顺利。故选D项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这是因为在国际讨论中,以英语为母语的人往往不善于确保自己的语言被理解。A.poor擅长的,差的;B.angry生气的;C.clever聪明的;D.skillful熟练的。根据后一句“TheytendtothinktheyneedtoavoidlongerLatin-basedwords,butinfact  9     problemsaremoreoftencausedbytheiruseofidioms,metaphors,andphrasalverbs.Ononeoccasion,ataninternationalstudentconferenceinAmsterdam,conductedinEnglish,theonlyBritishrepresentativewasaskedtobe‘less   10     ’sothattheotherscouldunderstandher.(他们倾向于认为他们需要避免使用更长的拉丁语单词,但事实上,理解问题往往是由于他们使用成语、隐喻和动词短语造成的。有一次,在阿姆斯特丹用英语举行的国际学生会议上,唯一的英国代表被要求‘少说点英语’,以便其他人能听懂她的话)”可推知,英语母语人士在表达方式上的问题,使非英语母语人士费解,甚至还被要求少说英语,可见其非常不擅长把自己的意思表述清楚,bepoorat...,意为“不擅长于……”。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们倾向于认为他们需要避免使用更长的拉丁语单词,但事实上,理解问题往往是由于他们使用成语、隐喻和动词短语造成的。A.equipment设备;B.economy经济;C.comprehension理解力;D.culture文化。根据语境,英语母语人士使用成语、隐喻和动词短语,导致非英语母语人士听不明白,因此出现理解问题。故选C项。【30题详解】

9考查形容词词义辨析。句意:有一次,在阿姆斯特丹用英语举行的国际学生会议上,唯一的英国代表被要求“少说点英语”,以便其他人能听懂她的话。A.visible看得见的;B.considerate体贴的;C.English英文的;D.foreign外国的。根据上文“AccordingtoDavidGraddol,manybusinessmeetingsheldinEnglishappeartorunmore    7    whentherearenonativeEnglishspeakerspresent.(据DavidGraddol说,许多用英语举行的商务会议在没有英语母语人士在场的情况下会进行得更顺利)”可推知,在有英语母语人士的情况下,请这位代表少开口,也能使会议顺利完成。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:维也纳大学的英语教授芭芭拉·塞德霍弗教授录制了世界各地该语言使用者之间的英语口语互动。A.grammar语法;B.interactions互动,交流;C.courses课程;D.vocabulary词汇。根据设空处前的recordsspokenEnglish,及可知录制的内容为人与人之间进行口语的交流,interactions符合语境。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她说,她的团队已经注意到,非英语母语人士在好几个方面都在改变标准英语语法。A.studying学习;B.explaining解释;C.checking检查;D.varying使……变化。根据后面的例子“Eventhemostfluentspeakerssometimesomitthe‘s’inthethirdpersonsingular.Manyomitdefiniteandindefinitearticleswheretheyare 4    instandardEnglish,orputtheminwherestandardEnglishdoesnotusethem.Nounsthatarenotpluralinnative-speakerEnglishareusedaspluralsbynon-nativespeakers(eg,‘informations’,‘knowledges’,‘advices’).Othervariationsinclude‘makeadiscussion’,‘discussaboutsomething’,or‘phonetosomebody’.(即使是最流利的说话者,有时也会省略第三人称单数中的‘s’。许多人省略了标准英语中要求的定冠词和不定冠词,或者放在标准英语不使用的地方。母语为英语的非复数名词被非母语的人用作复数(如‘信息’、‘知识’、‘建议’)。其他变体包括‘讨论’、‘讨论某件事’或‘给某人打电话’)”可见,非英语母语人士使英语语法有了很多改变。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:即使是最流利的说话者,有时也会省略第三人称单数中的“s”。许多人在标准英语中省略定冠词和不定冠词,或者把它们放在标准英语不使用它们的地方。A.required需要;B.deleted删除;C.judged裁决;D.stressed强调。他们在要求用第三人称单数中的“s”的情况下,没有加上“s”。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Knowledges和phonetosomebody是完全错误的。A.harmful有害的;B.impolite不礼貌的;C.wrong错的;D.illogical不合逻辑的。根据上一段倒数第二句“Nounsthatarenotpluralinnative-speakerEnglishareusedaspluralsbynon-nativespeakers(eg,‘informations’,‘knowledges’,

10‘advices’).(母语为英语的非复数名词被非母语的人用作复数(如‘信息’、‘知识’、‘建议’))”,以及本段第一句“ManynativeEnglishspeakerswillinsistthatthesearenotvariations,theyaremistakes.(许多以英语为母语的人会坚持认为这些不是变体,而是错误的)”,可知,Knowledges和phonetosomebody这两个表达法都是错的。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:但是语言在变化,语法正确性的观念也在变化。A.phenomenon现象;B.research研究;C.structure结构;D.correctness正确性。倒数第二段中“Shesaysherteamhasnoticedthatnon-nativespeakersare   12    standardEnglishgrammarinseveralways.(她的团队已经注意到,非英语母语人士在好几个方面都在改变标准英语语法)”,以及第三段最后一句“GlobalEnglishhasenteredamorecomplexstage,changinginwaysthattheEnglish-speakingcountriescannotcontrolandmight     4     .(全球英语已经进入了一个更加复杂的阶段,以英语国家无法控制甚至可能不喜欢的方式发生着变化)”可推知,随着全球英语的变化发展,现在非英语母语人士说的被认为是错误的语法,可能以后会承认它的合理存在,也变成正确的表述,所以可知,语法正确性的观念也在变化。故选D项。SectionB(22’)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Lookatthismail-orderadvertisement:SUNSHINECOMPANYProductsforaSafeEnvironmentA2477—lYou’regoingtolovethisnaturalsoap.Therearenochemicalsinit.Itisverygoodforyourhandsandface.D4545—GARDENSPRAYInsectsaregoingtorunawayfromournewchili-garlicspray.it'ssafeandnatural.B2377—HOMEA2104—CANVASBAG

11CLEANER.You’renotgoingtoneed5or6chemicalcleaners.YouhaveDrClean!Itissafeandstrong,anditcleanseverythinginyourhouse!You'regoingtosay,“Nopaperorplastic!”Youhavethisexcellentheavycanvasshoppingbag.itemcodepriceNaturalshampooT6762$3.00gardensprayD4545$2.50canvasbagA2104$4.00handsoapA2477$1.00homecleanerB2377$2.25Postage:$3.5036.DrCleanis_________.A.anexpertincleaningeverythingB.anewly-inventedmachineC.acanofcleaningpowderD.amagicclothforcleaning37.Accordingtothead,wherecanyoumailyourletterifyouwantsomethingtokilltheants?A.D4545GardenSpray.B.SunshineCompany.C.A2104CanvasBag.D.TheDrClean’s.38.Accordingtothead,howmuchdoyouhavetopayfor3shampoosand2canvasbagstotally?A.$12.25.B.$20.50.C.$13.50.D.$17.【答案】36.C37.B38.B【解析】

12【导语】本文是一篇应用文。这是一篇广告,介绍了阳光公司几款环境安全产品以及这些产品的相关信息。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第三个表格B2377—HOMECLEANER.里内容“YouhaveDrClean!Itissafeandstrong,anditcleanseverythinginyourhouse!(你有DrClean!它既安全又坚固,能清洁你家里的一切!)”可知,DrClean可以清洁家里的一切,结合第一栏“ProductsforaSafeEnvironment(环境安全产品)”可知本文是一篇广告,推荐阳光公司产品可知,DrClean是清洁用品,所以DrClean应是C项“一罐清洁粉”,故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个表格D4545—GARDENSPRAY里的内容“Insectsaregoingtorunawayfromournewchili-garlicspray.It'ssafeandnatural.(昆虫会从我们新的辣椒大蒜喷雾中逃走。它既安全又自然。)”可知,阳光公司的产品D4545—GARDENSPRAY可以有效杀除昆虫,如果需要杀死蚂蚁的物质,可以发邮件给阳光公司购买D4545—GARDENSPRAY。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据表格最后一框“Naturalshampoo-T6762-$3.00”可知,shampoo单价3美元;“canvasbag-A2104-$4.00”可知canvasbag单价4美元;计算可知3个shampoo和2个canvasbag的价格是17美元,通过最后一栏“Postage:$3.50(邮费:3.50美元)”可知,需额外支付3.5美元的邮费,所以总共需支付20.5美元。故选B。(B)ThelegendofthepotentialthirdrunwayatHeathrow,Britain’slargestairport,hasbeencalledthelongesttake-offinhistory.Acommissionin1993recommendedexpansion,andthegovernmentfirstfavoredtheplanin2003.Butitwasnotuntil2018thatthetransportsecretaryfinallygavetheprojectthegoahead.AcourtofAppealrulinginFebruary2020thattherunwaywasnotcompatiblewithBritain’sobligationsundertheParisclimateagreementof2015appearedtohavefinallyspoiledtheplans.ButonDecember16htheSupremeCourtoverturnedthatjudgmentandoncemoregreen-littheproject.TheinitialCourtofAppealjudgmentfoundthatthegovernment’sdecisiontoallowtheexpansiontogoaheadwasunlawfulbecauseChrisGrayling,thentransportsecretary,hadfailedtotaketheParisagreementintoaccount.WhilethatwasablowtoHeathrow,ithelpedgetBorisJohnson’sgovernmentoutoftrouble.Mr.

13Johnson,whoseownconstituency(选民)isneartheairport,hasbeenafiercecriticoftheexpansionplans,famouslypledgingtoprotestersthathewould“liedownwithyouinfrontofthosebulldozers(推土机)and...stoptheconstruction.”Thegovernmentchosenottoappeal,butHeathrowdid;andtheSupremeCourtdecidedthatthegovernmenthadtakenParisintoaccount,andtheCourtofAppealwasthereforewrong.Evenso,theexpansionmaynotgoahead.Whiletheairlineindustryhaslongchampionedathirdrunway,muchhaschangedsinceFebruary2020.BritishAirways,Heathrow’slargestcustomer,hasbecomeskepticalabouttheplans.EarlierthisyearWillieWalsh,thechiefexecutiveofBA’sparentcompany,arguedthat“itwasaHerculeantask(艰巨的任务)beforeCOVIDandIthinkit’simpossiblenow”.Althoughairtravelwillalmostcertainlyreboundassocial-distancingrestrictionsareeasedin2021,theindustryisnotexpectingaquickrecovery.TheInternationalAirTravelAssociation,alobbygroup,expectsthatglobalspendingonairtravelwillbeabouthalfof2019levelsin2021.Short-haulflightsfromBritainareexpectedtorisesharplyasthevaccineisrolledoutandconsumersdashofftosunnierclimes,buttheoutlookforlonger-haulflightsremainshighlyuncertain.Analystsreckonthebigunknownisthefutureofbusinesstravel.FirmsthathavegrownaccustomedtoZoommeetingsmaywellbelesskeentosplashoutonhigh-pricedticketsfromLondontoNewYork.Althoughbusinessflyersaccountforonlyaround10%oftransatlanticcustomertheypaytento12timesasmuchperticketaseconomypassengers.Asubstantialfallintheirnumberswouldmeanlargerisesinticketpricesfortherest,whichinturnwoulddentdemand.Iflong-haulflightvolumesremaindepressed,thenthebusinesscaseforathirdrunwayatHeathrowstartstolookropy.BorisJohnsonisunlikelytohavetoprostrate(卧倒)himselfinfrontofthosebulldozerssoon,ifever.39.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthepotentialthirdrunwayatHeathrow?A.Itdidn’tgetsupportfromthegovernmentin2003.B.ItfailedtomeettheParisclimateagreementof2015.C.Thetransportsecretarythenin2018didn’tthinkhighlyoftheproject.D.TheSupremeCourtgavethepermissiontoconstructtherunwayattheendof2020.40.Whichofthefollowingsubjectsismostsupportiveoftheconstructionofthethirdrunway?A.BorisJohnson’sgovernmentB.HeathrowairportC.theairlineindustryD.theInternationalAirTravelAssociation

1441.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredaccordingtothepassage?A.Theairlineindustryisexpectedtorecoversoonafterthevaccineispopularized.B.Zoommeetingsmakepossiblemorefrequenthigh-pricedbusinesstravelsacrosstheAtlanticOcean.C.Businessflyershavealimitedinfluenceonthesalesandpricesofairtickets.D.Heathrowisallowedtobuildathirdrunway,butmaynolongerneedone.42.Whichoneisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Heathrowexpansion:clearedfortake-off?B.AnunknownfuturefortheairlineindustryC.Adilemmaforthegovernment:toexpandornot?D.BritishAirwaysarehungryfortravelers【答案】39.D40.B41.D42.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是希思罗机场修建第三条跑道的议案所引起的争议,虽然最后议案获准,但是它的前景可能是暗淡的。39题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“AcourtofAppealrulinginFebruary2020thattherunwaywasnotcompatiblewithBritain’sobligationsundertheParisclimateagreementof2015appearedtohavefinallyspoiledtheplans.ButonDecember16htheSupremeCourtoverturnedthatjudgmentandoncemoregreen-littheproject”(2020年2月,上诉法院(courtofAppeal)裁定,跑道不符合英国在2015年巴黎气候协议中承担的义务,这似乎最终破坏了计划。但在12月16日,最高法院推翻了这一判决,再次批准了该项目)可知,最高法院在2020年底批准建造跑道,因此D选项正确。故选D。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thegovernmentchosenottoappeal,butHeathrowdid;andtheSupremeCourtdecidedthatthegovernmenthadtakenParisintoaccount,andtheCourtofAppealwasthereforewrong”(政府选择不上诉,但希思罗上诉了;最高法院认为政府考虑到了巴黎,因此上诉法院是错误的)可知,希思罗机场为了建第三条跑道而上诉,因此它是最支持建设第三条跑道的,故选B。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Iflong-haulflightvolumesremaindepressed,thenthebusinesscaseforathirdrunwayatHeathrowstartstolookropy”(如果长途航班数量仍然低迷,那么希思罗机场修建第三条跑道的商业前景就开始变得黯淡)可知,希思罗机场获准修建第三条跑道,但可能不再需要了,故选D。【42题详解】

15主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第一段的“AcourtofAppealrulinginFebruary2020thattherunwaywasnotcompatiblewithBritain’sobligationsundertheParisclimateagreementof2015appearedtohavefinallyspoiledtheplans.ButonDecember16htheSupremeCourtoverturnedthatjudgmentandoncemoregreen-littheproject”(2020年2月,上诉法院(courtofAppeal)裁定,跑道不符合英国在2015年巴黎气候协议中承担的义务,这似乎最终破坏了计划。但在12月16日,最高法院推翻了这一判决,再次批准了该项目),及最后一段的“Asubstantialfallintheirnumberswouldmeanlargerisesinticketpricesfortherest,whichinturnwoulddentdemand.Iflong-haulflightvolumesremaindepressed,thenthebusinesscaseforathirdrunwayatHeathrowstartstolookropy”(他们数量的大幅下降将意味着其余的票价将大幅上涨,而这反过来又将削弱需求。如果长途航班数量仍然低迷,那么希思罗机场修建第三条跑道的商业前景就开始变得黯淡)可知,本文主要讲的是希思罗机场建设第三条跑道的议案虽然遭到一些反对,但是它的前景如何不确定,因此最好的题目是A选项Heathrowexpansion:clearedfortake-off?(希思罗机场扩建:可以起飞了吗?),故选A。SectionC(8’)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.AManhattanboutiquepeddles(叫卖、兜售)pandemicpresentsLastyearNewYorkersmighthavefoundapairofheadphonesorperhapssomewoollysocksintheirChristmasstockings.SomeluckyducksmighthavefoundticketstoaBroadwayshow.____43____.Itisoneofthebigsellers,saysValerieZirema,whoworksinCV19Essential,NewYorkCity'sfirstdedicatedcoronavirus-preventionshop.Theurban-survivalistshop,nearMacy'sdepartmentstore,lookslikeacrossbetweenanAppleStoreandapharmacy.____44____Disposablemasksinfunpatternsandcolorsareespeciallypopular."Peoplewantfashionandfunction,"saysBenjaminHu,theshop'smanager.Andtheylovethegadgets,manyofthemtouchlesstechnology.AswellascheapergoodieslikethemasksandUVwands,theshopalsosellsa$10,000systemwhichscanspeople'stemperatureastheyenterashop.Anotherdevicecandetectifsomeoneisnotwearingamaskandsoundanalarm.____45____Mostofficeworkersareworkingfromhomeandtouristshavedisappeared.Thecityhasseenanalarmingjumpincovid-19cases,whichhavemorethantripledsincethestartofNovember.Hospitalizationsandintubationsareincreasing,too.Restaurantshaveclosedtheirdiningroomsagain.OnDecember14thBilldeBlasio,thecity'smayor,warnedNewYorkers"tobereadynowforafullshutdown,apauselikewehadbackattheendofthespring".Butthecovid-19shop,whichalsoprovidesrapidtestingandPCRtestingforthevirus,is

16seeinganincreaseinsales.CV19EssentialwasfoundedbyTonyPark,theownerofSamwonGarden,aKoreanBBQrestaurant.AfterhefitteditoutwithUVlightsystems,anti-microbialfilmandafacialthermalscanner,otherfirmscamelookingforadvice.____46____.Hehassinceopenedasecondbranch.OnDecember14th2020,evenasNewYorkpreparedtoshutdownagain,health-careworkersbeganadministeringthefirstdosesofthePfizer-BioN-TechvaccineintheboroughofQueens.Iftheroll-outgoestoplant,thosesanitizingwandsmightsoonendupinadrawer,alongwithotherforgottengifts.A.Ithaseverythingatech-minded,fashion-consciousNewYorkercouldwanttonavigateapandemic.B.Yetwithluckbusinessmaynotbebrisk(忙碌的)forlong.C.MidtownofManhattanisquietnow.D.However,openingsafetyboutiquesandtestingcentersgearedtowardsanxiousNewYorkersisclever.E.Seeingabusinessopportunity,inSeptemberMr.Parkopenedhisfirstcovid-19shopinaspacewhereheoriginallyintendedtohaveanotherrestaurant.F.Thisyear'smostpopularstocking-stuffermaybetheportableultraviolet-lightsanitizerwand,whichcomeswithahandybag.【答案】43.F44.A45.C46.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述在曼哈顿贩卖防疫商品的商店正在兴起。【43题详解】由上文“LastyearNewYorkersmighthavefoundapairofheadphonesorperhapssomewoollysocksintheirChristmasstockings.SomeluckyducksmighthavefoundticketstoaBroadwayshow.(去年,纽约人可能在他们的圣诞长袜里发现了一副耳机或者一些羊毛袜。一些幸运的人可能找到了百老汇演出的票。)”可知,上文主要讲去年一些流行的物品,可知,选项在说明今年在圣诞袜子里发现的东西。F项Thisyear'smostpopularstocking-stuffermaybetheportableultraviolet-lightsanitizerwand,whichcomeswithahandybag(今年最受欢迎的袜子填充器可能是便携式紫外线消毒棒,它带有一个方便的袋子)符合语境,其中“Thisyear”与上文的“Lastyear”对应,“ultraviolet-lightsanitizerwand”与后文“coronavirus-preventionshop”对应。故选F项。【44题详解】由前文“Theurban-survivalistshop,nearMacy'sdepartmentstore,lookslikeacrossbetweenanAppleStoreandapharmacy.(这家城市生存主义商店位于梅西百货附近,看起来像是苹果商店和药店的结合体。)”可知,这里主要在介绍Theurban-survivalistshop,而A项Ithaseverythingatech-minded,fashion-conscious

17NewYorkercouldwanttonavigateapandemic(它拥有一个有科技头脑、有时尚意识的纽约人在流感大流行期间想要拥有的一切。)符合题意,其中“It”指代前面“Theurban-survivalistshop”;“tech-minded,fashion-conscious”和后文“fashionandfunction”对应。故选A项。【45题详解】由后文“Mostofficeworkersareworkingfromhomeandtouristshavedisappeared.Thecityhasseenanalarmingjumpincovid-19cases,whichhavemorethantripledsincethestartofNovember.(大多数上班族都在家工作,游客也不见了。该城市在2019冠状病毒疾病病例中出现了惊人的增长,自十一月开始以来已经增加了两倍多。)”可知,这里主要讲城市受疫情影响,变得安静了很多。C项MidtownofManhattanisquietnow(曼哈顿中城现在很安静)符合语境,其中“MidtownofManhattan”与后文“Thecity”对应,“quiet”与后文“disappeared”对应。故选C项。【46题详解】由前文“CV19EssentialwasfoundedbyTonyPark,theownerofSamwonGarden,aKoreanBBQrestaurant.AfterhefitteditoutwithUVlightsystems,anti-microbialfilmandafacialthermalscanner,otherfirmscamelookingforadvice.(CV19Essential由韩国烧烤餐厅三原花园的所有者TonyPark创建。在他安装了紫外线系统、抗菌膜和面部热扫描仪之后,其他公司也来寻求建议。)”可知,这段主要在讲TonyPark建造的CV19Essential,而E项Seeingabusinessopportunity,inSeptemberMr.Parkopenedhisfirstcovid-19shopinaspacewhereheoriginallyintendedtohaveanotherrestaurant(九月,Park先生看到了一个商机,在他原本打算拥有另一家餐馆的地方,他开了第一家covid-19商店)符合文意,其中,“hisfirstcovid-19shop”和后文的“asecondbranch”对应。故选E项。第II卷IV.SummaryWriting(10’)47.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Ifyousufferfromshyness,youarenotalone,forshynessisauniversalphenomenon.ItisnotsurprisingthatsocialscientistsareexploringitsenvironmentalcausesThefirstenvironmentalcauseofshynessmaybeachild’shomeandfamilylife.today'schildrenaregrowingupinsmallerandsmallerfamilies,withfewerandfewerrelativeslivingnearby.Growingupinhomesinwhichbothparentsworkfulltime,childrenmaynothavethesocializingexperienceoffrequentvisitsbyneighboursandfriends.Becauseoftheirlackofsocialskills,theymaybegintofeelshywhentheystartschoolAsecondenvironmentalcauseofshynessinanindividualmaybeone'sculture.InalargestudyconductedinJapanl,57%participantsratedthemselvesasshy.ResearchersLynneHendersonandPhilipZimbardosay,"One

18explanationisthatinJapan,anindividual'sperformancesuccessiscreditedexternallytoparents,grandparents,teachers,coaches,andothers,whilefailureisentireblamedontheperson."Therefore,Japaneselearnnottotakerisksinpublicandrelyinsteadongroup-shareddecisions.Technologymayalsoplayarole.IntheUnitedState,thenumberofyoungpeoplewhoreportbeingshyhasrisenfrom40%to50%inrecentyears.Duetoourhugeadvancesintechnology,watchingTV,playingvideogames,andsurfingtheWebhavereplacedrecreationalactivitiesthatinvolvesocialinteractionformanyyoungpeople.Adults,too,arebecomingmoreisolatedasaresultoftechnology.face-tofaceinteractionswithbankclerks,gasstationattendants,andshopassistantsarenolongernecessarybecausepeoplecanusemachinestodotheirbankingfilltheirgastanks,andordergoods.Inshort,theybecomeshy.Itappearsthatmostpeoplehaveexperiencedshynessatsometimeintheirlives.Therefore,ifyouareshy,youhavelotsofcompany.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Shynessisacommonphenomenon,andtherearemanyenvironmentalreasonsforit.Achild'sfamilylifeisonereason.One'scultureisanothercauseofshyness.Atthesametime,thewidespreaduseoftechnologyalsocausesshyness.Manypeopleexperienceshynessintheirlives.【解析】【分析】这是一篇概要写作。【详解】概要写作写作步骤1)细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文,掌握文章主旨。文章主要说明了造成羞怯的环境原因。2)弄清结构,归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要,不是写某一部分的概要,或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构,归纳文章各段大意。3)列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构,将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。4)在写作时要特别注意下面几点:(1)概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。(2

19)安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。(3)注意要点之间的衔接,要用适当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。(4)不排斥用原文的某些词句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语表达,至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换,如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。(5)计算词数,看是否符合规定的词数要求。V.Translation(3+3+3+4)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.48.他要求出国进修,这极大得消耗了家里的财富。(drainn.)(汉译英)【答案】Hisrequesttostudyabroadwasagreatdrainonthefamilyfortune.【解析】【详解】考查名词,短语和时态。表示“要求做……”应用“requesttodosth.”;“出国留学”用动词短语“studyabroad”,所以主语“他要求出国留学”英文翻译为:hisrequesttostudyabroad;表示“对……是一种极大的消耗”应用名词短语“agreatdrainon”,表示“家庭财富”应用名词短语“thefamilyfortune”,由语境可知,时态应用一般过去时,动词用过去式,故翻译为:Hisrequesttostudyabroadwasagreatdrainonthefamilyfortune.49.他把所有精力都花在了在中国发展人工智能技术上,这值得我们所有人的尊重。(deserve)(汉译英)【答案】HehasdevotedallhisenergytodevelopingAItechnologyinChina,andthatdeservesallourrespect.【解析】【详解】考查时态、名词和动词短语。“把精力花在……上”表达为动词短语devoteone'senergytodoingsth;“发展人工智能技术”表达为短语developAItechnology;“值得我们所有人的尊重”表达为动词短语deserveallourrespect。“他把所有精力都花在了在中国发展人工智能技术上”,根据句意,发生在过去的动作,对现在造成的结果:“这值得我们所有人的尊重”,故前半句用现在完成时,后半句用一般现在时。结合其他中文提示,故翻译为:HehasdevotedallhisenergytodevelopingAItechnologyinChina,andthatdeservesallourrespect.50.学校为学生提供了各种活动,如需了解相关信息,请联系校委会。(contactv.)(汉译英)【答案】Theschooloffersavarietyofactivitiesforstudents,pleasecontacttheschoolcommitteeforinformation.【解析】【详解】考查动词短语,名词短语,时态。陈述客观存在的动作,谓语动词用一般现在时态;“为某人提供某物”表达为动词短语offersthforsb;“各种活动”表达为名词短语avarietyofactivities

20,“活动”用复数;“联系”表达为动词contact;“校委会”表达为theschoolcommittee,结合其他汉语提示,故翻译为:Theschooloffersavarietyofactivitiesforstudents,pleasecontacttheschoolcommitteeforinformation.51.面对许多稀有动物濒临灭绝事实,国际社会必须采取有效措施来禁止人类捕杀。(extinction)(汉译英)【答案】Facingthefactthatmanyrareanimalsareonthevergeofextinction,theinternationalcommunitymusttakeeffectivemeasurestostophumanbeingsfromkillingthem.【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词,同位语从句,介词短语,名词短语,动词短语。“面对事实”表达为动词短语facethefact;“濒临灭绝”表达为介词短语onthevergeofextinction;“稀有动物”表达为名词短语rareanimals;“国际社会”表达为名词短语theinternationalcommunity;“采取有效措施”表达为动词短语takeeffectivemeasures;“禁止某人做某事”表达为动词短语stopsbfromdoingsth,from后跟动名词,作介词的宾语;“捕杀”表达为动词短语killthem;“人类”表达为名词短语humanbeings,用复数。其中,“许多稀有动物濒临灭绝"为fact的内容,作fact的同位语,用that引导;同位语从句中onthevergeofextinction作be动词的表语,陈述客观存在,用一般现在时态;“面对许多稀有动物濒临灭绝的事实”作状语,face与逻辑主语theinternationalcommunity为主谓关系,应用现在分词形式;“禁止人类捕杀”以动词不定式的形式作主句“国际社会必须采取有效措施”的目的状语。故翻译为:Facingthefactthatmanyrareanimalsareonthevergeofextinction,theinternationalcommunitymusttakeeffectivemeasurestostophumanbeingsfromkillingthem.

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