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高二英语试卷I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Shehasbeenleftbehindinherwork.B.Shedoesfewthingswithhermobilephone.C.Shekeepshermobilephoneathome.D.Shehasboughtthelatestmodelofmobilephone.2.A.Theyneedn’tdresssimilarly.B.Thewomanhadbetteravoidjeans.C.Themanislookingforanewjacket.D.Theyshouldn’tdresstooinformally.3.A.He’sexpectingtomeethisboss.B.He’salwaysinagoodmood.C.Hereceivedagoodevaluation.D.Hehadafightwithhisboss.4.A.Sheremainsstrictwithothers.B.Sheisself-conscious.C.Sheisnarrow-minded.D.Shehastroublecommunicating.5.A.Hedoesn’thavetimetoread.B.Hedislikeswhatthewomanlikesreading.C.Helikestowriteessaysonsocialtopics.D.Hehasnoreadingpreferences.6.A.Askafriendforthenameofahairstylist.B.Makeanappointmentwithsomeoneelse.C.Callanotherhairsalon.D.Getherhaircutat12:00.7.A.Getabookonhowtomakerepairs.B.Askthemantofixherrefrigerator.C.Findarepairpersonsoon.D.Waittoseeiftheproblemdisappears.8.A.Sheneedsanewhatandgloves.B.Theweatherwillcontinuetobecold.C.Themanhadbetterputawayhiswinterclothes.D.Shewonderswhattheweatherwillbeliketomorrow.9.A.Rescheduleoneofhisappointments.B.Keepbothmeetingsshort.C.Cancelhisappointments.D.Prepareforthemeetingatbreakfast.10.A.He’dprefernottowalktoclass.B.Hedoesn’tspendenoughtimestudying.C.Hedoesn’tthinktheweatherisnice.D.Hehaslittletimeforoutdooractivities.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassageandthe
1conversationswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Varioustraffic-claimingmeasuresputforwardbyresidents.B.TheinconveniencescausedbywhatisbeingdoneonCastleViewRoad.C.Differentagegroups’opinionsaboutproposalsconcerningroadsafety.D.Thedifferencebetweenthoseagedover40andthosebetween21and40.12A.70%.B.3%.C.60%.D.15%.13.A.Toomuchtraffic.B.Highspeed.C.Poorroadconditions.D.Pedestrians’disruption.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Thefunnystory.B.Theirpreviousadaptations.C.Theirlackofexperience.D.Thecharacters.15.A.Onceaweek.B.Fourtimesaweek.CThreetimesaweek.D.Twiceaweek.16.A.High-priced.B.Slow-paced.C.Successful.D.Boring.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Howtomakeourlifestylemoresustainable.B.Howtomeasureone’secologicalfootprint.C.Howtobecomeahealthyvegetarian.D.HowtofeedmorepeoplewithlessdamagetoEarth.18.A.Throwingawayrubbish.B.Toomuchpackaging.C.Buyingfoodthatisnotfresh.D.Toomuchrecycling.19.A.Efficient.B.Cruel.C.Wasteful.D.Productive.20.A.Customers.B.Farmers.C.Policymakers.D.Animalprotectors.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother
2blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.BoyanSlat,aDutchinventoriscleaningtheworld’smostpollutedriversinanefforttosavetheoceans.Hehasmadeithismission___1___(remove)plasticfromtheoceans.Hisorganization,TheOceanCleanup,hassuccessfullystartedtocleanthepollutionthathasbeencirclingintheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.Butmillionsmoretonsofplasticentertheoceanseveryyear,almostallofit___2___(flow)fromrivers.Just10riversareresponsibleforaround90%ofallthatplastic,___3___a2017studyfromtheHelmholtzCentreforEnvironmentalResearch.“So___4___wefocusontheworstrivers,webelievewecanreallyhavethefastestandmostcost-effectivewaytoclosethetapandpreventmoreplasticfromreachingtheoceansinthefirstplace,”Slatsaid.TheOceanCleanupiseffectivelyusingfloatingtrashcollectorscalled“Interceptors”.Thesesolar-powered,autonomoussystemsusetherivers’currentstoguidethetrashontoaconveyorbeltthatcarrythewasteto___5___(await)bins.ThefirstinterceptorwenttoworkinJakarta,Indonesia,topullplasticfromawaterwaycalledtheCengkarengdrain.AsecondinterceptorbegancollectingtrashflowingdowntheKlangriverinKualaLumpur,Malaysia.Ontheothersideoftheworld,___6___InterceptorhasrecentlystartedremovingriverpollutionnearthemouthoftheRioOzamaintheDominicanRepublic.“___7___theriverispolluted,thefishdie.Everyyeartherearelessfish,”LuisPeguero,alocalfisherman,explained.WhenPegueroisluckyenoughtoreelin(收线拉起)acatch,it___8___notbesafeforhisfamilytoeat.“Youfindstuffinthefish,especiallythecatfish.Trash,bottlelids,evenashoe.Thefishcan’tsurvivethis,”saidPeguero.Tohim,themoderntrash-collectingcatamaran(双体船)isapeculiarbutwelcomesight.TheOceanCleanupisworkingwiththelocalgovernmentsandcommunitiestohelpretrieve(取回)theplastictheInterceptorscollect.“Bystoppingplasticinrivers,wehopetonotonlyaddressthebigglobalplasticpollutionissue,butalsoreallyhelpmakelifebetterforthepeople___9___liveneartheseproblematicrivers,”saidSlat.TheOceanCleanup’sgoalistotacklethethousandmostpollutedriverswithin5years.Sooninterceptors____10____(head)toVietnam,Thailand,JamaicaandLosAngelesCountyintheUnitedStates.“Wearegettingouttonsofplasticeverysingleday,”Slatsaid.“Weacceptthatwewon’tdelivermagicinonego.Butwe’redoingthis,stepbystep.”SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
3A.respectivelyB.visionC.reboundedD.decouplingE.respectablyF.promotingG.commitmentsH.emittersI.peakJ.remainingK.urgentGreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsintheAsean(东盟)regionareestimatedtoincreaseinthesameperiod,basedonthelatestNationallydeterminedcontributions(NDC)targetsupto2030.TokeeptheParisAgreementtemperaturegoalwithinreach,DrBeniSuryadi,CentreforEnergyManagerattheAseanSecretariat,statedthatASEANneedstoachieve____11____emissionsassoonaspossibleafter2030andnet-zeroGHGemissionsassoonaspossibleafter2050.However,____12____ofthegrowthinGDPandenergy-relatedCO2emissionsisobservedonlyinahandfuloftheAseanmemberstates.“Itisvitaltoreduceenergyintensitythroughlowerenergydemandandfurtherenergysavingsandtoreduceemissionintensityby____13____renewableenergyexpansion”hesaid.“CurrentpoliciesneedtobeenhancedtoachievetheNDCtargets.The____14____undertheNDCswillprovideAseanwithabetterperspectiveoftheneedforamoreambitiouscourseofactiononmitigation（缓解）inthefuture.AmbitiousenergypoliciescansignificantlyreduceGHGemissionandhelpsour____15____towardslowcarboneconomiesandclimateresilientnations.”Earlierinhispresentation,DrBenihighlighted,“abriefrecord-breakingdropinclimatechange–causingcarbonemissionsduringtheheightofthecoronaviruspandemic.However,nowadayswecontinuetohearthenewsandreadreportsthatsaythatglobalemissionshavealready____16____tonearpre-pandemiclevels”.“Whilewearegratefultolearnthattheeconomyisrevivingandweseeeconomicactivitiestakingplaceeverywhere,thereisa(n)____17____needforustolimitthegrowthofemissions.GlobalGHGemissionscontinuetorise,atatimewhentheyneedtoberapidlyfalling.”Atthegloballevel,hesaid,“Itisrecordedthatalmostthree-quartersoftheGHGemissionscomefromenergyuse;almostone-fifthfromagricultureandlanduse;andthe____18____eightpercentfromindustryandwaste”.Healsonotedthattheelectricityandtransportsectorsstartoutasandremainthebiggest____19____ofGHGsandairpollutioninAsean.“IftheAseanmemberstatesdowhatisneededtofullyachievetheirownnationalenergyefficiencyandrenewableenergytargets,aswellastheirclimatecommitments,Asean’stotalenergy-relatedGHGemissionsin2040willbe3,002MtCO2-eq,28percentlowerthaninthebaselinescenario.“Powergenerationremainsthelargestsectoralcontributor,accountingforabout40percentand46percent
4oftotalGHGemissionsfromenergyin2025and2040,____20____.“Furthermore,ifAseanfulfilleditsregionalaspirationaltargetsontheenergyefficiencyandrenewableenergy,AseanwillbeabletoreduceGHGemissionsmoresharplytoonly2,264MtCO2-eqin2040,”hesaid.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.WhatistheGreatPacificGarbagePatch?TheGreatPacificGarbagePatch(GPGP)isthelargestofthefiveoffshoreplasticaccumulationzonesintheworld’soceans.ItislocatedhalfwaybetweenHawaiiandCalifornia.PLASTIC_____21_____Itisestimatedthat1.15to2.41milliontonnesofplasticareenteringtheoceaneachyearfromrivers.Morethanhalfofthisplasticisless_____22_____thanthewater,meaningthatitwillnotsinkonceitencountersthesea.Thestrongandfloatingplasticsshowresiliency(韧性)inthemarineenvironment,allowingthemtobetransportedover_____23_____distances.Theypersistattheseasurfaceastheymaketheirwayoffshore,transportedbyconverging(汇聚的)currentsandfinallyaccumulatinginthepatch.Oncetheseplasticsenterthegyre（环流）,theyareunlikelytoleavetheareauntilthey_____24_____intosmallermicroplasticsundertheeffectsofsun,wavesandmarinelife.Asmoreandmoreplasticsarediscardedintotheenvironment,microplastic_____25_____intheGPGPwillonlycontinuetoincrease.LOCATIONDuetoseasonalandinterannualvariabilitiesofwindsandcurrents,theGPGP’slocationandshapeareconstantlychanging.Onlyfloatingobjectsthatare_____26_____influencedbycurrentswerelikelytoremainwithinthepatch.BysimulatingconcentrationlevelsintheNorthPacific,theresearcherswereabletofollowthelocationofthepatchandfoundonaverageitorbitsaround32°Nand145°W.However,theteamobservedseasonal_____27_____fromwesttoeastandsubstantialvariationsinlatitude（纬度）dependingontheyear.IMPACTONWILDLIFEPlastichasincreasinglybecomeaverycommonsubstanceintheocean.Duetoitssizeandcolor,animals_____28_____theplasticforfood,causingmalnutrition;itposesentanglement（缠绕）risksandthreatenstheiroverallbehavior,health,andexistence.
5Studieshaveshownthatabout700specieshaveencounteredmarinedebrisand92%ofthese_____29_____arewithplastic.17%ofthespeciesaffectedbyplasticareontheInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureRedListofThreatenedSpecies.IMPACTONHUMANSANDSOCIETYOnceplasticentersthemarinefoodweb,thereisapossibilitythatitwillcontaminatethehumanfoodchainaswell.Throughaprocesscalledbioaccumulation,chemicalsinplasticswillenterthebodyoftheanimal_____30_____ontheplastic,andasthefeederbecomesprey,thechemicalswillpasstothe_____31_____—makingtheirwayupthefoodwebthatincludeshumans.Thesechemicalsthataffectedtheplasticfeederscouldthenbe_____32_____withinthehumanaswell._____33_____,yearlyeconomiccostsduetomarineplasticareestimatedtobebetween$6-19billionUSD.Thecosts_____34_____itsimpactontourism,fisheriesandaquaculture,andgovernmentalcleanups.Thesecostsdonotincludetheimpactonhumanhealthandthemarineecosystemdueto_____35_____researchavailable.21.A.ACCUMULATIONB.DRIFTC.FLOATINGD.PROMOTION22.A.lightB.thickC.tinyD.dense23.A.adjustedB.overdoneC.depositedD.extended24.A.upgradeB.degradeC.assembleD.disassemble25.A.transportationB.estimationC.concentrationD.location26.A.predominantlyB.rarelyC.previouslyD.slightly27.A.similarityB.shiftC.boostD.figure28.A.exchangeB.substituteC.leaveD.confuse29.A.implicationsB.interactionsC.interferencesD.influences30.A.restingB.feedingC.riskingD.waiting31.A.marinerB.preyC.trackerD.predator32.A.presentB.absentC.currentD.reliable33.A.LikewiseB.HoweverC.MoreoverD.Therefore34.A.resultinB.removefromC.stemfromD.bringabout35.A.insufficientB.adequateC.insignificantD.substantialSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejust
6read.（A）UncleLeogivesmeasuspiciouslookwhenIcallthisplacethe‘ScacchiPalace’.Itisreallyahouse,calledCa’ScacchiinVenetian.Anywhereelseintheworld,thiswouldsurelyberegardedasapalace,althoughitisoneinneedofalittlecareandattention.OurhouseisbythesideofthelittleSanCassiancanalandasmallsquareofthesamename.Wehaveadoorwhichleadsontothestreetandtwoentrancesfromthewater.Onerunsunderagrand,roundedarchintothegroundfloorofthehouse,which,asiscustomaryinthecity,isusedinsteadofacellar(地下室)forstoringthings.Thesecondisusedforourcommercialactivitiesanditissituatedinanotherbuilding,whichisthreestorieshigh,attachedtothenorthside,towardstheGrandCanal.Finallythereisyetanotherexit:awoodenbridge,withhandrails,runsfromthefirstfloorofthehousebetweenthetworiverentrancesstraightoverthecanalandintothesquareitself.Consequently,Icanwanderoveritinthemorningandfindfreshwaterfromthewellinthecentreofthesquarewhilestillrubbingthesleepfrommyeyes.OrImaycallagondola(威尼斯小划船)frommybedroomwindow,finditwaitingformebythetimeIgetdownstairsand,justoneminutelater,beinthemiddleofthegreatestwaterwayonEarth,theGrandCanalofVenice.Thehouseisalmost200yearsold,Iamtold,andbuiltofbricksofarichdarkbrowncolour.Ithaselegantarchedwindowsandgreen-paintedshutters(百叶窗)tokeepoutthecruelsummerheat.Iliveonthethirdfloorinthethirdroomontherightwithaviewoverthecanalandsquare.WhenIlieinbedatnight,Icanhearthechatterandsongsofthepassinggondoliersandtheconversationsinthesquarenearby.IunderstandwhyUnclerunshisbusinesshere.Thepricesarenottoosteep.Thelocationofthehouseisnearthecitycentreandeasyforourclientstofind.Furthermore,theprintingtradehasmanyrootsinthisareaofVenice,evenifsomeoftheoldpublishersfromtheareanolongerexist.36.Accordingtothewriter,inwhatwayisthehousetypicalofVenice?A.Peopleliveandworkinthesamebuilding.B.Thereareseveralwaysofenteringit.C.Itconsistsoftwoseparatebuildings.D.Thestorageareaisnotbelowground.37.Whatdoesthepronoun“it”(inparagraph2)referto?A.Thefamilybusiness.B.Afloor.C.Anentrance.D.Abuilding.38.Whatdoesthewritersayabouthisuncle’sprintingbusinessinthefourthparagraph?A.Ithasplentyofcustomers.B.Itislessexpensivethanothers.
7C.It’stheonlyprintingbusinessleftinthedistrict.D.Thereareothersimilarbusinessesinthedistrict.39.ItcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatthewriterregardsVeniceas.A.somewherethatcouldneverbehomeB.astrangeandspecialplacetoliveinC.acitywhereit’seasytogetlostD.aplacedominatedbymoney(B)HowtoplaceanOrderofCustomJeansSelecttheFabric&Styles→Fabric(布料)—SelecttheFabricfromourlargecollectionofDenimFabricSamples.→SpecialWash—Selectyourfavoritespecialwashtreatmenttomakeyourjeanslookstylish.→ThreadColor—Selectthethreadcoloryouwant.Youcanselectsecondarythreadcoloralso,whichcanbeusedatcertainstitches.Also,youcanspecifywhereyouwanttousethesecondarythreadunderspecialnotattheendofmeasurements.→PocketStyle—Selectthefrontpocket&backpocketstyle.Ifyouwantyourownstyledfront&backpocket,selectmyowndesign&sendusthephotoofthepocketstyleyouwant.Ifyouaregoingwithourdefault(默认)pocketstyle,wewillmakeyourjeanswithbasic5-pocketpattern,whichisuniversalstyleforjeansinallcountriesintheworld.→FlyStyle—Selecttheflystyleyouwant,theZipFlyortheButtonFly.MeasurementsSelectoneoptionfrom“MakeMyJeans”&“CopyAJeans”→MakeMyJeans—FirstSelectfittingtypeaccordingtowhattypeoffittingyouwantforyourjeans.Giveyourexactbodymeasurementsasdescribed&showninthephotos.Wewillleaveextraloosingasdescribedin“FittingGuideTable”.Sorefertotablefirst&thendecideyourfittingtype.→CopyAJeans—Ifyoualreadyhaveaperfectjeansandyoulikeitthemost,thenyoucansendusallthemeasurementstousbyfollowingtheinstructionsin“CopyAJeans”section.Wewillmaketheperfectcopyofyourfavoritejeans.Pleasenotewecancopyonlythemeasurements,notthefabricandaccessories.Themeasurementswritteninthemeasurementsboxbyyouwillbethefinalmeasurementsforyourorderprocessing.Tochangeormodifyit,contactusbyE-mailorbyphoneandwewillinformyouaboutyourorderstatusandwewilltellyouwhatmodificationweareabletodoatthatstage.ConfirmYourOrderBypressingPROCEEDtab,youwillberedirectedto“ConfirmOrder”page.Onthispage,youwillseeall
8thedetailsyouselectedduringorder,youcanagainmodifyorderbyclickingedittab.Afterconfirmingyourorder,pressPROCEEDtab.MakePaymentYoucanmakepaymentsindifferentways.WeprovidePayPal(directpaybyPayPal&byyourcreditcard),net-banking,chequeorcashdepositandsendademanddraftoptions.DeliveryAfterconfirmationofyourpayment,wewillstartthejeansmakingprocessforyou,andwewilldeliveryourjeanswithin30days.Afterdispatchingfromhere,itwilltake3-5daystodeliverinIndiaand6-9daystodeliveroutofIndia.EnjoyWearingSQJeansTM.40.InFabric&Styles,whichitemleavesyouwiththeleastpersonalchoice?A.Fabric.B.ThreadColorC.PocketStyle.D.FlyStyle.41.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTrue?A.Beforepayment,youcancheckyourorderindetailandfeelfreetomakemodificationsmultipletimes.B.Iftheorderwithwrongmeasurementshasalreadybeenprocessed,nothingcanbedonetofixthesituation.C.Thetailorwillmeetalltherequirementsonyourjeansonconditionthatyoustateeverydetailclearlyinyourorder.D.Thetailorwillmakeanidenticalcopyofyourfavoritejeansifyoufollowtheinstructionsin“CopyAJeans”section.42.IfyouplaceanoverseasorderwithfullpaymentsbyPayPalonOctober12,yourjeansareexpectedtoreachyounolaterthanaccordingtotheonlineinformationabove.A.Nov26B.Nov.20C.Nov.16D.Oct.21(C)Aseverymobile-phoneownerknows,afterayearorsothebatterystartstofadeandthebeastneedsrechargingmorefrequently.Thatisanuisance,butaphone’sbatteriescanbereplacedfairlycheaplyorthewholehandsettradedinforthelatestmodel.Anelectriccar,however,isamuchbiggerinvestment.Batteriesareitspriciestcomponent,representingaround30%ofanaverageofmid-sizevehicle.Adeterioratingbatteryposesapotentialsafetyhazard,anddestroysitssecond-handvalueaswell.Toprovidebuyerswithsomepeaceofmind,carmakersguaranteetheirbatteries,typicallyforeightyearsoraround200,000km.Producersarenow,though,planningtogomuchfurtherthanthat,withthelaunchof“million-mile”batteries.
9“It’sagreatcatchphrase;themillion-milebattery,”saysGeorgeCrabtree,directoroftheJointCentreforEnergyStorageResearch.“Butthefactthatyoucandriveamillionmilesmaynotbethemostrelevantparameter(参数)tolookat.”Regularfast-chargingreducesbatterylife,asdoovercharginganddeepdischarging.Drivinginextremelyhotorcoldweatherdoesn’thelpeither.Andbatterylifewilldiminishevenifyoujustleavethecarinthegarage.Therealpointofamillion-milebatteryisthatthetechnologicaladvancesrequiredtomakeitpossiblewilldealwiththesethingsaswell.Thelithium-ion(锂离子)batterieswhichpowerelectriccarsageintwoways:withtimeandwithuse.Battery-makerscalltime-dependentageing“calendarageing”,whichisconsequenceofthegradualdegradationofsomeofthematerialsemployedinbatteryconstruction.Leavingacarwithafullyratherthanpartlychargedbattery,forexample,canincreasetherateofcalendarageing.Use-dependentageingisaconsequenceofthenumberofdischarge—rechargecyclesabatterygoesthrough.Itiscausedbythecomplexchemicalreactionsthattakeplacewhenabatteryisoperating.Batterytechnologyisimprovingallthetime.Asaconsequence,soarecalendaranduse-dependentlifetimes.Keepingtrackofandstudyingbatteries’performancehelpsresearcherscomeupwithwaystomitigate(缓和)someofthesidereactions.Dealingwithimpuritiesthatgetintobatterieshelpstoextendtheirlives.Forexample,topreventwaterfromforminganacidbyattackingtheelectrodes(电极),GMhasdevelopedanaddictivemadefromzeolites(沸石)—molecularsponges,whichservestomopupanymoisturewhichentersabatterycell.Addingalittlealuminium(铝)booststhebattery’senergydensity,meaningacarcantravelfartheronasinglecharge.Italsomakesthebatterylastlongerandlesscostly.Asamarketingdevice,themillion-milebatterywillgiveelectric-carbuyersmoreconfidenceintheirbatteries.Butitisanythingbutthelimitofengineers’aspirations.ThenextobjectiveistoreplaceLi-ions’liquidelectrolytes(电解液)withsolidones,whichcouldmakeatwo-million-milebatteryafeasibleobjective.Ifthatdaycomes,thetableswouldhavebeenturned.Frombeingthefirstpartofacartofail,itsbatterywillhavecomethelast.43.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphmean?A.Itismoreprofitabletoinvestinanelectriccarthaninamobilephone.B.It’smuchmorecostlytoreplacethefailedbatteriesofanelectriccarwithnewones.C.Spendingmoremoneyonanelectriccarcanincreaseitssecond-handvalue.D.Comparedwithelectriccars,batteriesareoflessimportancetomobilephones.44.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistheleastlikelytoreduceanelectriccar’sbatterylife?
10A.Drivinganelectriccaronextremelyhotsummerdays.B.Oftenchargingthecarin‘fast’modetosavetime.C.Unplugginganelectriccaronceit’sfullycharged.D.Leavingthecarintheparkinglotforalongtime.45.WhichofthefollowingisFALSEregardingthemeasuresresearcherstaketoprolongabattery’slifetime?A.Usingaluminiumtoimprovethebattery’sperformanceenablingthecartotravelfarther.B.Keepingthebatterypartlychargedtoreduceitsrateof‘calendarageing’.C.Monitoringandstudyingbatteries’performanceinlong-distancetraveling.D.Addingzeolitetoencouragetheacidifyingchemicalreactioninthebattery.46.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.A.Electriccarengineersarealwaysonthegotodevelopbatterieswithgreaterlongevity.B.Thecurrenttechnologyhasenabledanelectriccartodriveamillionmilesonasinglecharge.C.Policiesonthechoiceofbatterymaterialswillbetightenedtocontrolthetravelingrange.D.Driversoffutureelectriccarswillnolongerbeworriedaboutbatteryfailure.SectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Dolphinslearnspecialforaging(捕食)techniquesfromtheirmothersandit'snowclearthattheycanlearnfromtheirbuddiesaswell.____47____Itturnsoutthattheylearnthisskillbywatchingtheirpalsdothejob.Thediscovery,reportedinthejournalCurrentBiology,helpsrevealhowgroupsofwildanimalscantransmitlearnedbehaviorsanddeveloptheirowndistinctcultures."Dolphinsareindeedverycleveranimals.Soitmakessensethattheyareabletolearnfromothers,"saysSonjaWild,aresearcherattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermany.___48___Thisstudy,however,showsthatdolphinsarealsomotivatedtolearnfromtheirpeersinadditiontomimickingtheirmothers.Thebottle-nosedolphinsthatliveinSharkBay,WesternAustralia,havebeenstudiedfordecades,andscientistshaveidentifiedoverathousandindividualsbylookingattheuniqueshapeandmarkingsoftheirdorsalfins.Researchersknowwhatfamiliesthedolphinsbelongto,andkeeptrackoftheircloseassociates.Wildandhercolleagueshavecloselyexaminedhowdolphinslearnparticularstrategyforcatchingfish---onethatinvolvesusingtheemptyshellsoflargeseasnails.Adolphinwillchaseafishtooneoftheseshells,andthentheyinserttheirbeakintotheshell,bringthewholethinguptotheface.Afterthat,theyshakeitupabovethewatersurfacetodrainthewateroutoftheshelluntilthefishbasicallyfallsintotheiropenmouth.
11Whetherornotdolphinscaughtfishinthiswaydidn'tseemtobeexplainedbyhowmanyshellswerelyingaroundtheirhuntingarea,norwhetheradolphinwasgeneticallyrelatedtoanotherdolphinthatknewhowtodoit._____49_____Previously,it'sbeenshownthathumpbackwhalesseemtolearnhuntingtechniquesfromtheirpeersinasimilarway.Thenewobservationsofwilddolphinslearningfromtheirpeersis"exciting,"saysDianaReiss,adolphincognitionresearcheratHunterCollege,CUNY,"Ittellsusaboutthesourceofsomethesebehaviors.Itseemslikethey'renotrelyingonjustleamingfrommomwhenthey'reoutthere.Theyseemtobeobservingothers,watchingwhatthey'redoingandacquiringitfromothersintheirsocialgroup."Beingabletolearnfrompeersmayhelpanimalpopulationssurviveinachangingenvironment._____50_____"Inunstableenvironmentsthatarechanging,it'smorebeneficialtokindoflookaroundandseewhatothersaredoing"saysWild,"andmaybeadopttheirbehavioralinnovationsthatmaybemoreadaptivetothenewenvironmentalconditions."A.Thebestexplanationisthatdolphinslearnedthismethodfromacloseassociate.B.Researchshowsthatthisbehaviorgetspasseddownalmostexclusivelythroughthematernalline.C.Youngdolphinsspendyearsincloseassociationwiththeirmothersandnaturallytendtoadopttheirmothers'waysD.Becausewhileknowledgefrompreviousgenerationshasbeentestedbytime,certainbehaviorsmaybecomelessusefulifconditionschange.E.Take,forexample,theclevertrickthatsomedolphinsusetocatchfishbytrappingtheminseashells.F.Basedonthisassertion,wecan'tdiscountthepossibilitythattheyinnovateindividuallyontheirown.IV.Translation(15’)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.51.每个人都渴望成功，但成功只属于那些拥有成长心态的人。(desire)（汉译英）52.植物物种并不是广阔的热带雨林中面临灭绝威胁的唯一生命形式。(threaten)（汉译英）53.极可能对自然资源负责任的开发会使当地经济保持增长到下个十年。（likelihood,sustain）（汉译英）54.尽管那时损失严重，但他们没有灰心，没有绝望，而是同心协力，终于克服了暂时的困难。(as)（汉译英）听力答案：1-10BDCCBDCBAD11-20.CCBDDCABCA
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