湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案

湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案

ID:83218372

大小:172.00 KB

页数:24页

时间:2023-08-09

上传者:老李
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案_第1页
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案_第2页
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案_第3页
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案_第4页
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案_第5页
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案_第6页
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案_第7页
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案_第8页
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案_第9页
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案_第10页
资源描述:

《湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含答案》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库

湖南师大附中2020—2021学年度高一第一学期期末考试英语试卷时量:120分钟满分:150分第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Goodfriends.B.Fellowworkers.C.Salesmanandcustomer.2.Whydidthewomancatchacoldaccordingtotheman?A.Sheworetoolittleclothing.B.Shehadacoldbath.C.Shesleptinacoldroom.3.WhendidthemanmovetoLondon?A.Inhistwenties.B.Inhisthirties.C.Inhisforties.4Whosecomputerdoesthemanthinkisthebest?A.Thewoman’s.B.Peter’s.C.Tom’s.5.Howoftendoestherestaurantofferitsdinnerspecials?A.Twiceaday.B.Twiceaweek.C.Twiceamonth.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

16.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanwant?A.Asingleroom.B.Adoubleroom.C.Twosinglerooms.7.Howlongwillthemanstay?A.Forthreenights.B.Fortwonights.C.Foronenight.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anearthquake.B.Astorm.C.Atree.9.Whathappenedbeforethemanfellasleep?A.Heheardnoisesofbirds.B.Hefeltashakeofthehouse.C.Hesawatreefalldown.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Howdoesthemanfindthewoman'sroom?A.Dark.B.Comfortable.C.Messy.11.Whatcolordoesthewomanwanttopaintherroomatfirst?A.Yellow.B.White.C.Green.12.WhatwillthewomanprobablydoonSaturday?A.Paintherroom.B.Changeherdesk.C.Buyamirror.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whichfilmarethespeakersgoingtosee?A.FieldofGreen.B.Sunn1yDay.C.HeartofGold.14.Howwillthespeakersgotothecinema?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.15.Whenwillthespeakersarriveatthecinema?AAtabout3:45.B.Atabout4:05.C.Atabout4:20.16.Whydoesthewomanplantotakemoremoney?A.Shewantstobuyadrink.B.She'dliketobuythemanaticket.C.Shecantakeataxihomeafterwards.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Howdidthecoupleordertheirmeal?

2A.ByspeakingEnglish.B.Byusingbodylanguage.C.ByspeakingslowandpoorChinese.18.Whydidthecouplecallthewaiterback?A.Tochangetheirorder.B.Toaskhimtowalktheirdog.C.Toordersomefoodfortheirdog.19.Howmightthecoupleprobablyfeelintheend?A.Angry.B.Satisfied.C.Tired.20.Whatdoweknowaboutthewaiter?A.Helostthecouple'sdog.B.Hemisunderstoodthecouple.C.HeonlyknewalittleFrench.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheCOVID-19pandemicledtoagreatnumberofreschedulingreleasedates(上映日期).Despitehowtherealityofthecalendardevelops,thesearesomefilmswe'recrossingourfingersthatwellgettoseethisnextyear.Malcolm&MarieReleasedate:February5Director:SamLevinsonAdirectorandhisgirlfriend'srelationshipistestedaftertheyreturnhomefromhismoviepremiere(首映)andawaitcritics'responses.heromanticdramaisdirectedbySamLevinson.Shang-ChiandtheLegendoftheTenRingsReleasedate:July9Director:DestinDanielCrettonIt'sabouttimefortheMarvelCinematicUniverse(漫威电影宇宙)tohaveitsfirstAsiansuperheroonthesilverscreen.AndtherearefewbetterheroestopickthanShang-Chi,theMasterofKungFu,whohastheknowledgeofnearlyeverymartialart.Thisupcomingfilmwillfeaturea98%Asiancast.WestSideStory

3Releasedate:December10Director:StevenSpielbergStevenSpielberg'snewadaptationofthefamousBroadwaymusicalofthesamename,whichitselfwasbasedonShakespeare'sRomeoandJuliet,isfinallyseeingthelightofdayinlate2021.TheMatrix4Releasedate:December22Director:LanaWachowskiLanaWachowskiissettobringusanothersci-fiaction-adventuresetinthedigitalworldshehelpedcreatewaybackin1999.1.WhattypeoffilmisMalcolm&Marie?A.Comedy.B.Fantasy.C.Romance.D.Sci-fi.2.WhatdoweknowaboutShang-ChiandtheLegendoftheTenRings?A.ItisMarvelStudio'supcomingsuperherofilm.B.ItstarsDestinDanielCretton.C.Itsheroknowseverythingaboutmartialart.D.Itisafilmwithanall-Asiancast.3.Whichofthefollowingfilmisadaptedfromamusical?A.Malcolm&Marie.B.Shang-ChiandtheLegendoftheTenRings.C.WestSideStory.D.TheMatrix4.BIwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(贴标签)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.Shewouldpushmydirtyclothingover,andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Webothgottiredofeachother.Warbrokeoutoneevening.Katecameintotheroom.Soon,Iheardherscreaming,“Takeyourshoesaway!Whyundermybed!”Deafened,Isawmyshoesflyingatme.Ijumpedtomyfeetandstartedyelling.Sheyelledbacklouder.Theroomwasfilledwithanger.Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutforaphonecall.Kateansweredit.Fromherendoftheconversation,Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.Whenshe

4hungup,shequicklycrawledunderhercovers,sobbing.Obviously,thatwassomethingsheshouldnotgothroughphone.Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.Slowly,Icollectedthepencils,tookbackthebooks,mademybed,cleanedthesocksandsweptthefloor,evenonherside.IgotsointomyworkthatIevendidn’tnoticeKatehadsatup.Shewaswatching,hertearsdriedandherexpressiononeofdisbelief.Then,shereachedoutherhandstograspmine.Ilookedupintohereyes.Shesmiledatme,“Thanks.”KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidn’talwaysagree,butwelearnedthekeytolivingtogether:givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.4.HowisParagraph1mainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcauses.B.Bydescribingaprocess.C.Byshowingdifferences.D.Byfollowingtimeorder.5.WhatmadeKateangryoneevening?A.Shecouldn’tfindherbooks.B.Sheheardtheauthorshoutingloud.C.Shegotthenewsthathergrandmawasill.D.Shesawtheauthor’sshoesbeneathherbed.6.Theauthortidieduptheroommostprobablybecause_______.A.shewantedtoshowhercareB.shewasaskedbyKatetodosoC.shewasscaredbyKate’sangerD.shehatedherselfforbeingsomessy7.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthestory?A.MyFriendKateB.HardWorkPaysOffC.HowtoBeOrganizedD.LearningtoBeRoommatesCSleepStruggleOneineveryfiveyoungpeoplehasasleepproblem,soyou'renotalone.Gettingenoughsleephasbecomeas

5importantaseatingvegetablesandexercisingregularly.It'sveryimportantforyourbody.Mostyoungpeopleonlygetsevenhoursofsleepeachnight,whentheyactuallyneedninehours.Andmakingupforlostsleepduringtheweekbysleepingonweekendsdoesn'treallywork.Infact,sleepinglateonweekendsmayactuallydoyoumoreharmthangood,ifyouhavesleepproblems.Whathappensifyoudon'tgetenoughsleep?Ifyoursleepproblemcontinuesforafewnights,youcouldsufferseriousproblems.Lackofsleepcanaffectlearningandmemory.Worse,ifyoursleepdifficultieslastalongtime,thatcouldleadtoanxiety(焦虑).Therefore,you'vegottohavesomehealthysleephabits.Belowaresomesuggestions:*Gotobedatthesametime—includingweekends,ifpossible.*Wakeuparoundthesametimeeverymorning.Whenyousleeplatejustonemorningduringtheweek,itmaydisturbyourbodyclock.Thiswillmakeithardforyoutosleepthatnight.*Dosomethingrelaxingbeforegoingtobed.*Exerciseduringtheday.Don'texerciserightbeforegoingtobed.*Avoiddrinking.Alcohol(酒精)makesyouexcited.Thispreventsyoufromfallingasleeporwakesyouupduringthenight.*Don'tsmoke.Smokingisalwaysbadforthebody.Smokingbeforebedtimekeepsyouawake.Iftryingthesetipsoveracoupleofweeksdoesnothelpyou,consultyourdoctor.Donottakeanymedicinewithoutfirstaskingyourdoctor.Manyofthemhavestrongsideeffects.8.Thepassagesuggeststhatpeoplewithsleepproblemsshould.A.eatvegetablesandexerciseregularlyB.makeupforlostsleeponweekendsC.followafixedtimetableforsleepD.sleepsevenhourseveryday9.Accordingtothesuggestions,whichofthefollowingmakesiteasierforyoutofallasleep?A.Gettingupearlierthanusualinthemorning.B.Listeningtosoftmusicbeforegoingtobed.C.DrinkingalcoholbeforegoingtobedD.Doingexerciseintheevening.10.Whatshouldyoudoifthesetipsdon'tworkonyouoveraperiodoftime?A.Justkeeptrying.B.Turntoadoctorforhelp.

6C.Trysomemedicines.D.Waitforyoursleepingproblemstogetbetter.11.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary.B.Anovel.C.Atravelguide.D.Amagazine.DPartofaresearchstudy,byscientistsatMcMasterUniversity,whichisongoingintotheinfluenceofdrinkingmilkafterheavyweightlifting,hasobservedthatmilkhelpsexercisersburnmorefat.Thescientiststookthreegroupsofyoungmen18to30yearsofage,56intotal,andputthemthroughastrict,fivedayperweekweightliftingprogramovera12-weekperiod.Followingtheirworkouts,studyparticipantsdrankeithertwocupsofskimmilk,orasoybeveragewithequalamountsofproteinandenergy,oracarbohydratebeveragewithanequalamountofenergy.Uponthestudy'sconclusion,scientistsobservedthat:themilkdrinkinggrouphadlostnearlytwiceasmuchfat—twopounds—asthoseinthecarbohydratebeveragegroup,wholostonepoundoffat.Thosedrinkingsoybeverageslostnofat.Atthesametime,thegaininmusclewasmuchgreateramongthemilkdrinkersthaneitherthesoyorcarbohydratebeverageparticipants.Aspublishedinthefirststageofthestudy,themilkdrinkinggroupcameoutontopintermsofmusclegainwithanestimated40percentor2.5poundsmoremusclemassthanthesoybeveragedrinkers.Inaddition,thisgroupgained63percentor3.3poundsmoremusclemassthanthecarbohydratebeveragedrinkers."Ithinktheevidenceisbeginningtoincrease,"saysStuartPhillips—theleaderofthestudy."Milkmaybebestknownforitscalciumcontentinsupportingbonehealth,butourresearch,andlaterothers',cancontinuallysupportmilk'sabilitytoaidinmusclegrowthandalsopromotebodyfatloss.Milkistheidealpostworkoutdrinkforrecreationalexercisersandathletesalike."12.Howmanydaysdidtheparticipantsliftweightsintheprogram?A.56days.B.84days.C.60days.D.12days.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"beverage"probablymean?A.Akindofmedicine.B.Asortofdrink.C.Atypeofexercise.D.Apieceofequipment.14.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthatA.thescientistschosepeopleaged18,30and56asparticipantsoftheresearchB.asoybeverageisaproperchoiceforlosingweightoverthelongterm

7C.peoplewhodrinkmilkeverydayarealwayshealthierandthinnerthanothersD.soybeveragesarebetterthancarbohydratebeveragesforexerciserstogainmuscle15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Whatexercisersshoulddotoloseweight.B.Howmilkinfluencespeople'shealthandfigure.C.Thedifferencesbetweenmilkandsoyorcarbohydratebeverages.D.Aresearchabouttheeffectofdrinkingmilkonexercisers.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Goodpresentationskillsareimportantforhavinganimpactonyouraudienceandgettingyourmessageacross.Somepresentationskillsinparticular—likelisteningtoyouraudienceusinghumorandmaintainingeyecontact—canhelpalot.___16___●Knowwhattheneedsofyouraudienceare.___17___Thoroughlyunderstandyourmaterial,andthenputitinalogicalorder.Makesureyourspeechkeepsyouraudience'sattention.●___18___Duringthepresentation,youwillwanttohighlightyourstrengths.Dressappropriately,andmakesureyoulookrelaxedandcalm.Speakatanappropriatespeed,andshowappropriateemotion.Thiscanhelpyoutoestablishagoodrelationshipwiththeaudience.●Rememberyourbodylanguage.___19___Howyouwalk,moveandstandcanallbeseenbyyouraudience,andcanhelpconveyyourmessage.Thus,youshouldpayattentiontoyourbodylanguageduringthepresentation.●Speakasifyoubelievewhatyouaresaying.Whenyouspeakwithconfidence,youraudienceismuchmorelikelytobelievewhatyouhavetosay.Youshouldspeakloudlyandclearly,andaddressyouraudiencedirectly.___20___Thesepresentationtipswillhelpyoumakeagoodpresentation.A.Youshouldsoundconfident,andifyoumakeanerror,justapologizeandmoveon.B.Herearesomeothergoodtipsforimprovingpresentationskills.C.Duringthepresentation,youcanmatchyourpresentation'scontenttothoseneeds.D.Trytomakeeyecontactwithseveralaudiencemembers.E.Knowyourstrongandweakpoints.F.Bodylanguageisimportant,yetoftenoverlooked.G.Knowwhentostoptalking.

8第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastweekend,Ihadanopportunitytoserveasavolunteeratanursinghomeinanothercity.Idon’thaveacarandeventhe___21___trainstationisfarawayfrommyhouse.____22____,Iwasn'tsurehowtogetthere.Ipostedarequestforarideontherideshareboard.SoonanindividualI’dnevermet____23____thathe'dbeabletopickmeupanddropmeoffatthestation.Myheart____24____andthestressI’dbeenfeelingdisappearedimmediatelyandthusourfriendshipbegan.I____25____arrivingatthenursinghomeintime.Thetinyteamofworkerstherewere____26____fortheadditional(额外的)help.Weallworkedtogetherasateam.Iwasgladtobepartofthisandbeof____27____totheelderly.Thateveningwhenmynew____28____droppedmeoffatthestation,henoticedthatitwasinadeserted(空寂无人的)area.Soheparkedhiscarandsaid,“Wewillwaitforthetraintocometogether.”Icouldn’tbelievehis____29____.Withfiveminutesleftbeforethetrainarrived,he_____30_____withmestoriesofhischildhood.Asayoungboy,he____31____tositneartheedgeoftherailwaytracks,waiting_____32_____forthetrainstorushbywithalltheirforce.Thatnighthewaitedwithmeuntilmytrain_____33_____.Itdidn’trushbywithfullforcebutIleftthatstation_____34_____thefullforceofhiskindnessandgenerosity.Peoplelikehimwouldalways____35____mehowtoloveothersandhowtogive.21.A.bestB.largestC.closestD.newest22.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.InsteadD.Otherwise23.A.repliedB.jokedC.rememberedD.pretended24.A.brokeB.warmedC.sankD.changed25.A.endedupB.gaveupC.putonD.insistedon26.A.gratefulB.regretfulC.responsibleD.sorry27.A.interestB.serviceC.hopeD.curiosity28.A.driverB.customerC.neighborD.friend29.A.braveryB.confidenceC.courageD.kindness30.A.arguedB.sharedC.discussedD.compared31.A.usedB.refusedC.wishedD.decided32.A.unwillinglyB.proudlyC.excitedlyD.embarrassedly

933.A.startedB.passedC.delayedD.approached34.A.doubtingB.ignoringC.feelingD.wondering35.A.warnB.remindC.expectD.promise第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)A阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Hello,everyone!Letmestartbyaskingyouaquestion:what'sthefirstthingyounoticeaboutafilm?Theacting?Themusic?Maybetheamazingsets?___36___youransweris,there'salwaysalotmoretoitthanfirstmeetstheeye.Actually,thefilmyouseeonthescreenistheproductofahugeamountofhardwork,mostofwhich___37___(take)placebehindthescenes.Today,I'llgiveyouabriefintroductiontosomeaspectsoffilm-makingyoumightnotbefamiliar___38___.B阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thefilmlookslikeafairlytypicalhistoricalfilmwithoutfancyspecialeffects,anditismadeenjoyablebythe___39___(perform)ofthemainactors.Firthissuccessfulin___40___(show)ustheKing'sstrugglesaswellashiscourage.HehasgreatchemistrywithRushandBonhamCarter,___41___charactersarebothverybelievable.Inthemeantime,Hooperskilfullycreatesuncertaintyandtensionwithnarrowindoorsetsanddarklighting.C阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Intime,IbegantolookintotheancientChineseculturebehindtaichi.Idiscoveredthattaichi___42___(root)intheChinesephilosophyofyinandyang,whicharebelievedtoformtheunityofopposites.Neithercanexist___43___(depend)oftheother;forexample,thereisnoshadowwithoutlight.Thepracticeoftaichiaims___44___(maintain)thebalanceofyinandyanginthebodythroughoppositemovements:forwardsandbackwards,upanddown,leftandright,breathinginandbreathingout.___45___(eventual),taichibringsaboutastateofphysicalbalanceandmentalpeace.第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46.假设你是李华,你的新西兰朋友Peter在学习中国功夫(kungfu)过程中发现困难重重,得知你中国功夫练得不错,发来邮件向你求助。请根据所给提示,给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括:1.表示安慰;2.提供建议;

103.表达祝愿。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头和结尾语已为你写好,不计入总词数。DearPeter,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Twothingschangedmylife:mymotherandawhiteplasticbikebasket.Ihavethoughtlongandhardaboutitandit'strue.Iwouldbeadifferentpersonifmymomhadn'tturnedasillybicyclebasketintoalifelessonIcarrywithmetoday.Managingthefamilybudget(预算)musthavebeenaveryhardtask,butmymothermadeitlookeasy.Ifwecomplainedaboutnothavingwhatanotherkiddid,we'dhearsomethinglike,"Idon'tcarewhatso-and-sogotforhisbirthday;youarenotgettingaTVinyourroom,acarforyourbirthdayoranexpensivebirthdayparty."Wehadtoearnourpocketmoneybydoingthehousework.Icanstillrememberhowlongittooktoshine(擦亮)thelegsofourcoffeetable.Mybrotherscannodoubtrememberhoursspentcleaningthehouse.Wemadeourownbeds(nooneleftthehouseuntilthatwasdone).Wehadtokeeptrackofourbelongings(物品),andifsomethingwaslost,itwasnotreplaced.Itwassummerand,oneday,mymotherdrovemetothebikeshoptogetatirefixed—andthereitwasinthewindow.White,shiny,plasticanddecorated(装饰)withflowers,thebasketwinked(眨眼)atmeandIknew—Iknew—Ihadtohaveit."It'sbeautiful,"mymothersaidwhenIpointeditouttoher."Whatanicebasket."Iplayeditcoolforashortwhile.ButthenIguessIcouldn'tstanditanylonger:"Mom,pleasecanIplease,pleasegetit?I’lldoextrachoresforaslongasyousay.I'lldoanything,butIneedthatbasket.Ilovethatbasket.Please,Mom.Please?""Youknow,"shesaid,gentlyrubbingmybackwhilewebothstaredat(注视)whatIbelievedwasthecoolestthingever,"Ifyousaveupyoucouldbuythisyourself.""BythetimeImakeenoughit'llbegone!"

11"MaybeRogerherecouldholditforyou,"shesmiledatRoger,thebikestoreOwner."Hecan'tholditforthatlong,Mom.Someoneelsewillbuyit.Please,Mom,please?""Theremightbeanotherway,"shesaid.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Andsoourpayingplanbegan______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Dayslater,aneighborhoodgirlappearedwiththeexactsamebasketfixedtohershiny,newbike.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________湖南师大附中2020—2021学年度高一第一学期期末考试英语答案时量:120分钟满分:150分第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Goodfriends.B.Fellowworkers.C.Salesmanandcustomer.2.Whydidthewomancatchacoldaccordingtotheman?A.Sheworetoolittleclothing.B.Shehadacoldbath.

12C.Shesleptinacoldroom.3.WhendidthemanmovetoLondon?A.Inhistwenties.B.Inhisthirties.C.Inhisforties.4Whosecomputerdoesthemanthinkisthebest?A.Thewoman’s.B.Peter’s.C.Tom’s.5.Howoftendoestherestaurantofferitsdinnerspecials?A.Twiceaday.B.Twiceaweek.C.Twiceamonth.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanwant?A.Asingleroom.B.Adoubleroom.C.Twosinglerooms.7.Howlongwillthemanstay?A.Forthreenights.B.Fortwonights.C.Foronenight.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anearthquake.B.Astorm.C.Atree.9.Whathappenedbeforethemanfellasleep?A.Heheardnoisesofbirds.B.Hefeltashakeofthehouse.C.Hesawatreefalldown.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Howdoesthemanfindthewoman'sroom?A.Dark.B.Comfortable.C.Messy.11.Whatcolordoesthewomanwanttopaintherroomatfirst?A.Yellow.B.White.C.Green.12.WhatwillthewomanprobablydoonSaturday?A.Paintherroom.B.Changeherdesk.C.Buyamirror.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。

1313.Whichfilmarethespeakersgoingtosee?A.FieldofGreen.B.Sunn1yDay.C.HeartofGold.14.Howwillthespeakersgotothecinema?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.15.Whenwillthespeakersarriveatthecinema?AAtabout3:45.B.Atabout4:05.C.Atabout4:20.16.Whydoesthewomanplantotakemoremoney?A.Shewantstobuyadrink.B.She'dliketobuythemanaticket.C.Shecantakeataxihomeafterwards.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Howdidthecoupleordertheirmeal?A.ByspeakingEnglish.B.Byusingbodylanguage.C.ByspeakingslowandpoorChinese.18.Whydidthecouplecallthewaiterback?A.Tochangetheirorder.B.Toaskhimtowalktheirdog.C.Toordersomefoodfortheirdog.19.Howmightthecoupleprobablyfeelintheend?A.Angry.B.Satisfied.C.Tired.20.Whatdoweknowaboutthewaiter?A.Helostthecouple'sdog.B.Hemisunderstoodthecouple.C.HeonlyknewalittleFrench.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheCOVID-19pandemicledtoagreatnumberofreschedulingreleasedates(上映日期).Despitehowtherealityofthecalendardevelops,thesearesomefilmswe'recrossingourfingersthatwellgettoseethisnextyear.

14Malcolm&MarieReleasedate:February5Director:SamLevinsonAdirectorandhisgirlfriend'srelationshipistestedaftertheyreturnhomefromhismoviepremiere(首映)andawaitcritics'responses.heromanticdramaisdirectedbySamLevinson.Shang-ChiandtheLegendoftheTenRingsReleasedate:July9Director:DestinDanielCrettonIt'sabouttimefortheMarvelCinematicUniverse(漫威电影宇宙)tohaveitsfirstAsiansuperheroonthesilverscreen.AndtherearefewbetterheroestopickthanShang-Chi,theMasterofKungFu,whohastheknowledgeofnearlyeverymartialart.Thisupcomingfilmwillfeaturea98%Asiancast.WestSideStoryReleasedate:December10Director:StevenSpielbergStevenSpielberg'snewadaptationofthefamousBroadwaymusicalofthesamename,whichitselfwasbasedonShakespeare'sRomeoandJuliet,isfinallyseeingthelightofdayinlate2021.TheMatrix4Releasedate:December22Director:LanaWachowskiLanaWachowskiissettobringusanothersci-fiaction-adventuresetinthedigitalworldshehelpedcreatewaybackin1999.1.WhattypeoffilmisMalcolm&Marie?A.Comedy.B.Fantasy.C.Romance.D.Sci-fi.2.WhatdoweknowaboutShang-ChiandtheLegendoftheTenRings?A.ItisMarvelStudio'supcomingsuperherofilm.B.ItstarsDestinDanielCretton.C.Itsheroknowseverythingaboutmartialart.D.Itisafilmwithanall-Asiancast.3.Whichofthefollowingfilmisadaptedfromamusical?A.Malcolm&Marie.B.Shang-ChiandtheLegendoftheTenRings.

15C.WestSideStory.D.TheMatrix4.【答案】1.C2.A3.CBIwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(贴标签)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.Shewouldpushmydirtyclothingover,andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Webothgottiredofeachother.Warbrokeoutoneevening.Katecameintotheroom.Soon,Iheardherscreaming,“Takeyourshoesaway!Whyundermybed!”Deafened,Isawmyshoesflyingatme.Ijumpedtomyfeetandstartedyelling.Sheyelledbacklouder.Theroomwasfilledwithanger.Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutforaphonecall.Kateansweredit.Fromherendoftheconversation,Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.Whenshehungup,shequicklycrawledunderhercovers,sobbing.Obviously,thatwassomethingsheshouldnotgothroughphone.Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.Slowly,Icollectedthepencils,tookbackthebooks,mademybed,cleanedthesocksandsweptthefloor,evenonherside.IgotsointomyworkthatIevendidn’tnoticeKatehadsatup.Shewaswatching,hertearsdriedandherexpressiononeofdisbelief.Then,shereachedoutherhandstograspmine.Ilookedupintohereyes.Shesmiledatme,“Thanks.”KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidn’talwaysagree,butwelearnedthekeytolivingtogether:givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.4.HowisParagraph1mainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcauses.B.Bydescribingaprocess.C.Byshowingdifferences.D.Byfollowingtimeorder.5.WhatmadeKateangryoneevening?A.Shecouldn’tfindherbooks.B.Sheheardtheauthorshoutingloud.C.Shegotthenewsthathergrandmawasill.D.Shesawtheauthor’sshoesbeneathherbed.

166.Theauthortidieduptheroommostprobablybecause_______.A.shewantedtoshowhercareB.shewasaskedbyKatetodosoC.shewasscaredbyKate’sangerD.shehatedherselfforbeingsomessy7.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthestory?A.MyFriendKateB.HardWorkPaysOffC.HowtoBeOrganizedD.LearningtoBeRoommates【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.DCSleepStruggleOneineveryfiveyoungpeoplehasasleepproblem,soyou'renotalone.Gettingenoughsleephasbecomeasimportantaseatingvegetablesandexercisingregularly.It'sveryimportantforyourbody.Mostyoungpeopleonlygetsevenhoursofsleepeachnight,whentheyactuallyneedninehours.Andmakingupforlostsleepduringtheweekbysleepingonweekendsdoesn'treallywork.Infact,sleepinglateonweekendsmayactuallydoyoumoreharmthangood,ifyouhavesleepproblems.Whathappensifyoudon'tgetenoughsleep?Ifyoursleepproblemcontinuesforafewnights,youcouldsufferseriousproblems.Lackofsleepcanaffectlearningandmemory.Worse,ifyoursleepdifficultieslastalongtime,thatcouldleadtoanxiety(焦虑).Therefore,you'vegottohavesomehealthysleephabits.Belowaresomesuggestions:*Gotobedatthesametime—includingweekends,ifpossible.*Wakeuparoundthesametimeeverymorning.Whenyousleeplatejustonemorningduringtheweek,itmaydisturbyourbodyclock.Thiswillmakeithardforyoutosleepthatnight.*Dosomethingrelaxingbeforegoingtobed.*Exerciseduringtheday.Don'texerciserightbeforegoingtobed.*Avoiddrinking.Alcohol(酒精)makesyouexcited.Thispreventsyoufromfallingasleeporwakesyouupduringthenight.*Don'tsmoke.Smokingisalwaysbadforthebody.Smokingbeforebedtimekeepsyouawake.Iftryingthesetipsoveracoupleofweeksdoesnothelpyou,consultyourdoctor.Donottakeanymedicine

17withoutfirstaskingyourdoctor.Manyofthemhavestrongsideeffects.8.Thepassagesuggeststhatpeoplewithsleepproblemsshould.A.eatvegetablesandexerciseregularlyB.makeupforlostsleeponweekendsC.followafixedtimetableforsleepD.sleepsevenhourseveryday9.Accordingtothesuggestions,whichofthefollowingmakesiteasierforyoutofallasleep?A.Gettingupearlierthanusualinthemorning.B.Listeningtosoftmusicbeforegoingtobed.C.DrinkingalcoholbeforegoingtobedD.Doingexerciseintheevening.10.Whatshouldyoudoifthesetipsdon'tworkonyouoveraperiodoftime?A.Justkeeptrying.B.Turntoadoctorforhelp.C.Trysomemedicines.D.Waitforyoursleepingproblemstogetbetter.11.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary.B.Anovel.C.Atravelguide.D.Amagazine.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.DDPartofaresearchstudy,byscientistsatMcMasterUniversity,whichisongoingintotheinfluenceofdrinkingmilkafterheavyweightlifting,hasobservedthatmilkhelpsexercisersburnmorefat.Thescientiststookthreegroupsofyoungmen18to30yearsofage,56intotal,andputthemthroughastrict,fivedayperweekweightliftingprogramovera12-weekperiod.Followingtheirworkouts,studyparticipantsdrankeithertwocupsofskimmilk,orasoybeveragewithequalamountsofproteinandenergy,oracarbohydratebeveragewithanequalamountofenergy.Uponthestudy'sconclusion,scientistsobservedthat:themilkdrinkinggrouphadlostnearlytwiceasmuchfat—twopounds—asthoseinthecarbohydratebeveragegroup,wholostonepoundoffat.Thosedrinkingsoybeverageslostnofat.Atthesametime,thegaininmusclewasmuchgreateramongthemilkdrinkersthaneitherthesoyorcarbohydratebeverageparticipants.

18Aspublishedinthefirststageofthestudy,themilkdrinkinggroupcameoutontopintermsofmusclegainwithanestimated40percentor2.5poundsmoremusclemassthanthesoybeveragedrinkers.Inaddition,thisgroupgained63percentor3.3poundsmoremusclemassthanthecarbohydratebeveragedrinkers."Ithinktheevidenceisbeginningtoincrease,"saysStuartPhillips—theleaderofthestudy."Milkmaybebestknownforitscalciumcontentinsupportingbonehealth,butourresearch,andlaterothers',cancontinuallysupportmilk'sabilitytoaidinmusclegrowthandalsopromotebodyfatloss.Milkistheidealpostworkoutdrinkforrecreationalexercisersandathletesalike."12.Howmanydaysdidtheparticipantsliftweightsintheprogram?A.56days.B.84days.C.60days.D.12days.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"beverage"probablymean?A.Akindofmedicine.B.Asortofdrink.C.Atypeofexercise.D.Apieceofequipment.14.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthatA.thescientistschosepeopleaged18,30and56asparticipantsoftheresearchB.asoybeverageisaproperchoiceforlosingweightoverthelongtermC.peoplewhodrinkmilkeverydayarealwayshealthierandthinnerthanothersD.soybeveragesarebetterthancarbohydratebeveragesforexerciserstogainmuscle15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Whatexercisersshoulddotoloseweight.B.Howmilkinfluencespeople'shealthandfigure.C.Thedifferencesbetweenmilkandsoyorcarbohydratebeverages.D.Aresearchabouttheeffectofdrinkingmilkonexercisers.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.D第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Goodpresentationskillsareimportantforhavinganimpactonyouraudienceandgettingyourmessageacross.Somepresentationskillsinparticular—likelisteningtoyouraudienceusinghumorandmaintainingeyecontact—canhelpalot.___16___●Knowwhattheneedsofyouraudienceare.___17___Thoroughlyunderstandyourmaterial,andthenputitinalogicalorder.Makesureyourspeechkeepsyouraudience'sattention.

19●___18___Duringthepresentation,youwillwanttohighlightyourstrengths.Dressappropriately,andmakesureyoulookrelaxedandcalm.Speakatanappropriatespeed,andshowappropriateemotion.Thiscanhelpyoutoestablishagoodrelationshipwiththeaudience.●Rememberyourbodylanguage.___19___Howyouwalk,moveandstandcanallbeseenbyyouraudience,andcanhelpconveyyourmessage.Thus,youshouldpayattentiontoyourbodylanguageduringthepresentation.●Speakasifyoubelievewhatyouaresaying.Whenyouspeakwithconfidence,youraudienceismuchmorelikelytobelievewhatyouhavetosay.Youshouldspeakloudlyandclearly,andaddressyouraudiencedirectly.___20___Thesepresentationtipswillhelpyoumakeagoodpresentation.A.Youshouldsoundconfident,andifyoumakeanerror,justapologizeandmoveon.B.Herearesomeothergoodtipsforimprovingpresentationskills.C.Duringthepresentation,youcanmatchyourpresentation'scontenttothoseneeds.D.Trytomakeeyecontactwithseveralaudiencemembers.E.Knowyourstrongandweakpoints.F.Bodylanguageisimportant,yetoftenoverlooked.G.Knowwhentostoptalking.【答案】16.B17.C18.E19.F20.A第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastweekend,Ihadanopportunitytoserveasavolunteeratanursinghomeinanothercity.Idon’thaveacarandeventhe___21___trainstationisfarawayfrommyhouse.____22____,Iwasn'tsurehowtogetthere.Ipostedarequestforarideontherideshareboard.SoonanindividualI’dnevermet____23____thathe'dbeabletopickmeupanddropmeoffatthestation.Myheart____24____andthestressI’dbeenfeelingdisappearedimmediatelyandthusourfriendshipbegan.I____25____arrivingatthenursinghomeintime.Thetinyteamofworkerstherewere____26____fortheadditional(额外的)help.Weallworkedtogetherasateam.Iwasgladtobepartofthisandbeof____27____totheelderly.Thateveningwhenmynew____28____droppedmeoffatthestation,henoticedthatitwasinadeserted(空寂无人的)area.Soheparkedhiscarandsaid,“Wewillwaitforthetraintocometogether.”Icouldn’tbelievehis____29____.

20Withfiveminutesleftbeforethetrainarrived,he_____30_____withmestoriesofhischildhood.Asayoungboy,he____31____tositneartheedgeoftherailwaytracks,waiting_____32_____forthetrainstorushbywithalltheirforce.Thatnighthewaitedwithmeuntilmytrain_____33_____.Itdidn’trushbywithfullforcebutIleftthatstation_____34_____thefullforceofhiskindnessandgenerosity.Peoplelikehimwouldalways____35____mehowtoloveothersandhowtogive.21.A.bestB.largestC.closestD.newest22.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.InsteadD.Otherwise23.A.repliedB.jokedC.rememberedD.pretended24.A.brokeB.warmedC.sankD.changed25.A.endedupB.gaveupC.putonD.insistedon26.A.gratefulB.regretfulC.responsibleD.sorry27.A.interestB.serviceC.hopeD.curiosity28.A.driverB.customerC.neighborD.friend29.A.braveryB.confidenceC.courageD.kindness30.A.arguedB.sharedC.discussedD.compared31.A.usedB.refusedC.wishedD.decided32.A.unwillinglyB.proudlyC.excitedlyD.embarrassedly33.A.startedB.passedC.delayedD.approached34.A.doubtingB.ignoringC.feelingD.wondering35.A.warnB.remindC.expectD.promise【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.A26.A27.B28.D29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.C35.B第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)A阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Hello,everyone!Letmestartbyaskingyouaquestion:what'sthefirstthingyounoticeaboutafilm?Theacting?Themusic?Maybetheamazingsets?___36___youransweris,there'salwaysalotmoretoitthanfirstmeetstheeye.Actually,thefilmyouseeonthescreenistheproductofahugeamountofhardwork,mostofwhich___37___(take)placebehindthescenes.Today,I'llgiveyouabriefintroductiontosomeaspectsoffilm-makingyoumightnotbefamiliar___38___.【答案】36.Whatever

2137.takes38.withB阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thefilmlookslikeafairlytypicalhistoricalfilmwithoutfancyspecialeffects,anditismadeenjoyablebythe___39___(perform)ofthemainactors.Firthissuccessfulin___40___(show)ustheKing'sstrugglesaswellashiscourage.HehasgreatchemistrywithRushandBonhamCarter,___41___charactersarebothverybelievable.Inthemeantime,Hooperskilfullycreatesuncertaintyandtensionwithnarrowindoorsetsanddarklighting.【答案】39.performances40.showing41.whoseC阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Intime,IbegantolookintotheancientChineseculturebehindtaichi.Idiscoveredthattaichi___42___(root)intheChinesephilosophyofyinandyang,whicharebelievedtoformtheunityofopposites.Neithercanexist___43___(depend)oftheother;forexample,thereisnoshadowwithoutlight.Thepracticeoftaichiaims___44___(maintain)thebalanceofyinandyanginthebodythroughoppositemovements:forwardsandbackwards,upanddown,leftandright,breathinginandbreathingout.___45___(eventual),taichibringsaboutastateofphysicalbalanceandmentalpeace.【答案】42.isrooted43.independent44.tomaintain45.Eventually第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46.假设你是李华,你的新西兰朋友Peter在学习中国功夫(kungfu)过程中发现困难重重,得知你中国功夫练得不错,发来邮件向你求助。请根据所给提示,给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括:1.表示安慰;2.提供建议;3.表达祝愿。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

223.开头和结尾语已为你写好,不计入总词数。DearPeter,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearPeter',I'msorrytolearnthatyouarestrugglingwithChinesekungfu.Actually,thereisnoneedtofeelupset.HereI'dliketoofferyousomesuggestions.Tobeginwith,itwouldbewisetolearnfromanicecoach,whoseprofessionalguidancewilldefinitelybebeneficialtoimprovingyourkungfu.Additionally,youareadvisedtojoinaclubsothatyoucanpracticeregularlywithothers.SomeclassicteachingvideosmaybeofgreatuseaswellRomeisnotbuiltinaday.Itistimeandpatiencethatcontributetoimprovement.Ihopeyou'llfindthesesuggestionshelpfulandI'msureyouwillhavefunpracticingChinesekungfu.Yours,LiHua第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Twothingschangedmylife:mymotherandawhiteplasticbikebasket.Ihavethoughtlongandhardaboutitandit'strue.Iwouldbeadifferentpersonifmymomhadn'tturnedasillybicyclebasketintoalifelessonIcarrywithmetoday.Managingthefamilybudget(预算)musthavebeenaveryhardtask,butmymothermadeitlookeasy.Ifwecomplainedaboutnothavingwhatanotherkiddid,we'dhearsomethinglike,"Idon'tcarewhatso-and-sogotforhisbirthday;youarenotgettingaTVinyourroom,acarforyourbirthdayoranexpensivebirthdayparty."Wehadtoearnourpocketmoneybydoingthehousework.Icanstillrememberhowlongittooktoshine(擦亮)thelegsofourcoffeetable.Mybrotherscannodoubtrememberhoursspentcleaningthehouse.Wemadeourownbeds(nooneleftthehouseuntilthatwasdone).Wehadtokeeptrackofourbelongings(物品),andifsomethingwaslost,itwasnotreplaced.Itwassummerand,oneday,mymotherdrovemetothebikeshoptogetatirefixed—andthereitwasinthewindow.White,shiny,plasticanddecorated(装饰)withflowers,thebasketwinked(眨眼)atmeandIknew—Iknew—Ihadtohaveit.

23"It'sbeautiful,"mymothersaidwhenIpointeditouttoher."Whatanicebasket."Iplayeditcoolforashortwhile.ButthenIguessIcouldn'tstanditanylonger:"Mom,pleasecanIplease,pleasegetit?I’lldoextrachoresforaslongasyousay.I'lldoanything,butIneedthatbasket.Ilovethatbasket.Please,Mom.Please?""Youknow,"shesaid,gentlyrubbingmybackwhilewebothstaredat(注视)whatIbelievedwasthecoolestthingever,"Ifyousaveupyoucouldbuythisyourself.""BythetimeImakeenoughit'llbegone!""MaybeRogerherecouldholditforyou,"shesmiledatRoger,thebikestoreOwner."Hecan'tholditforthatlong,Mom.Someoneelsewillbuyit.Please,Mom,please?""Theremightbeanotherway,"shesaid.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Andsoourpayingplanbegan______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Dayslater,aneighborhoodgirlappearedwiththeexactsamebasketfixedtohershiny,newbike.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Andsoourpayingplanbegan.MymotherboughtthebeautifulbasketandputitsafelyinsomehidingFeIcouldn'tfind.EachweekIeagerlycountedmygrowingsavingsincreasedbyextraworkhereandthere:washingthecar,helpingmymothermakedinner,deliveringorcollectingthingsonmybikethatalreadylookednakedwithoutthebasketinfront.Andthen,weekslater,Icounted,re-countedandjumpedforjoy.Oh,happyday!Imadeit!Ifinallyhadtheexactamountwe'dagreedupon……Dayslater,aneighborhoodgirlappearedwiththeexactsamebasketfixedtohershiny,newbike.Irodehardandfasthometotellmymotheraboutthisdisaster.Thishorribleturnofevents.AndthencamethelessonI'vetakenwithmethroughmylife:"Honey,yourbasketisextra-special,"Momsaid,gentlywipingawaymyhottears."Yourbasketisspecialbecauseyoupaidforityourself."

当前文档最多预览五页,下载文档查看全文

此文档下载收益归作者所有

当前文档最多预览五页,下载文档查看全文
温馨提示:
1. 部分包含数学公式或PPT动画的文件,查看预览时可能会显示错乱或异常,文件下载后无此问题,请放心下载。
2. 本文档由用户上传,版权归属用户,天天文库负责整理代发布。如果您对本文档版权有争议请及时联系客服。
3. 下载前请仔细阅读文档内容,确认文档内容符合您的需求后进行下载,若出现内容与标题不符可向本站投诉处理。
4. 下载文档时可能由于网络波动等原因无法下载或下载错误,付费完成后未能成功下载的用户请联系客服处理。
最近更新
更多
大家都在看
近期热门
关闭