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郑州外国语学校2022-2023学年高二上期期中考试试卷英语试题第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Heoverslept.B.Hemissedthetest.C.Helostthefootballgame.2.Howmuchextramoneydoesthemanneedtopay?A.$7.50.B.$1.50.C.$0.50.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Adress.B.Askirt.C.Ajacket.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inashop.B.Onatrain.C.Intheman’shouse.5.Whydoesthemantalkwiththewoman?A.Totellheraboutaprintingproblem.B.Toknowwhattodotoatextbook.C.Toaskhertoreviewatextbook.第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Apublisher.B.Adirector.C.Awriter.7.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherself?A.Disappointed.B.Lucky.C.Proud.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Wheredoestheboywork?A.Inasmallrestaurant.B.Inahighschool.C.Inabigcompany.9.Whatdoestheboyplantodonextyear?A.Workasanengineer.B.Gotocollege.C.Changehisjob.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.WhoisBessie?A.Thewoman’sdaughter.B.Thewoman’scousin.C.Thewoman’sniece.11.Howmanypeoplearethereintheman’sfamily?第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1A.Five.B.Six.C.Seven.12.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heisnotmarried.B.Heliveswithhisuncle.C.Hedoesn’tlikeabigfamily.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoesthemancomefrom?A.India.B.Thailand.C.Britain.14.Whatdoesthemanoftendo?A.Hevisitsfriends.B.Hegoesswimming.C.Hedoesthegardening.15.Wheredoesthemanoftengo?A.Tothecinema.B.Tothetheater.C.Tothebar.16.Howdoesthemanusuallyspendhisholiday?A.Bystayingathome.B.Byvisitingrelatives.C.Bytravelingaround.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeinFranceduringthedaynextweek?A.Cold.B.Hot.C.Rainy.18.Whatwillbeprovidedinthehotel?A.Toothbrushesandtoothpaste.B.Sunglassesandsuncream.C.Ahairdryerandsoap.19.Howlongwilllunchbeserved?A.Foroneandahalfhours.B.Fortwohours.C.Forthreeandahalfhours.20.Wherearethevisitorsexpectedtoaskquestions?A.Inadiningroom.B.Inacoffeebar.C.Inatravelagency.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给出的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheprotectedlandsoftheNationalParksaresomeofthemostamazingdestinationswithintheUnitedStatestohaveholidays.Herearesomeofthebest.MesaVerdeNationalParkThisparkcelebratesthehistoryofthePueblopeopleinsouthwesternUnitedStates.Visitorswillfindover4,000historicalsiteshere,including600cliffdwellings(悬崖屋).Someofthebestcliffdwellings,suchasCliffPalaceandBalconyHouse,requiretheticketsforguidedtours.Thesecliffdwellingspresentagreatopportunityforvisitorstolearnaboutthehistoryoftheregion.Besides,adultsandchildrencanenjoyhikes,whichendincliffdwellingoverlooks.RockyMountainNationalParkIt’sasuperintroductiontothebeautifulRockyMountains.Duringthesummermonthswhentheweatherisatitsbest,itallowsvisitorstoexperienceallofthenatureandwildlifeofthearea.TheparkhasplentyofpathsthattakehikersintothebackcountryoftheRockyMountainswhilechildrenwilllovetheguidedhorsebacktours.第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
2Sequoia(红杉)&KingsCanyon(峡谷)NationalParkIfyouarelookingforawiderangeofCalifornia’snaturalsightsallinonearea,thisparkisagreatoption.Itvariesfromdeepcanyonstotallmountains.Hereyoucanvisitthelargestforeofscquoiasintheworld.Thereareexcellentrecreationalactivitiesforthewholefamilyincludinghiking,camping,swimmingandcaveexploration.YosemiteNationalParkIt’srecreationalenthusiasts’favorite,especiallyrockclimbers.ClimberstravelfromaroundtheworldtotakeonthechallengespresentedatYosemite.Forthosevisitorslookingfordifferentrecreationalactivitiesorfamilyactivities,Yosemitehasmanyprogramscoveringavarietyofnaturalsciencesandothertopics.1.WhatisthefeatureoftheMesaVerdeNationalPark?A.Itisabasefornaturalscienceeducation.B.Itishometoawealthofwildlife.C.Itshowsthehistoryofthenatives.D.Ithasamazingmountainouslandscape.2.Whichparkbestsuitsparentswithchildrenwhoenjoyplayinginwater?A.YosemiteNationalPark.B.Sequoia&KingsCanyonNationalPark.C.MesaVerdeNationalPark.D.RockyMountainNationalPark.3.Whatdothefournationalparkshaveincommon?A.Family-friendly.B.Adventurous.C.Cost-effective.D.Tiring.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍美国一些被当做是度假胜地的国家公园。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章MesaVerdeNationalPark段中“ThisparkcelebratesthehistoryofthePueblopeopleinsouthwesternUnitedStates.Visitorswillfindover4,000historicalsiteshere,including600cliffdwellings(悬崖屋).(这个公园庆祝美国西南部普韦布洛人的历史。游客将在这里发现4000多处历史遗迹,包括600处悬崖民居。)”可知,在这公园里可以看到当地人的历史遗迹。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由Sequoia&KingsCanyonNationalPark中“Thereareexcellentrecreationalactivitiesforthewholefamilyincludinghiking,camping,swimmingandcaveexploration.(这里有适合全家的休闲活动,包括远足、露营、游泳和洞穴探险。)”可知,这公园适合父母和孩子一起玩水。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。由MesaVerdeNationalPark中“Besides,adultsandchildrencanenjoyhikes,whichendincliffdwellingoverlooks.(此外,成人和儿童可以享受徒步旅行,最终可以俯瞰悬崖。)”,RockyMountainNationalPark中“TheparkhasplentyofpathsthattakehikersintothebackcountryoftheRockyMountainswhilechildrenwilllovetheguidedhorseback第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
3tours.(公园里有很多小路,可以让徒步旅行者进入落基山脉的穷乡僻壤,而孩子们会喜欢有导游的骑马旅行。)”,Sequoia&KingsCanyonNationalPark中“Thereareexcellentrecreationalactivitiesforthewholefamilyincludinghiking,camping,swimmingandcaveexploration.(这里有适合全家的休闲活动,包括远足、露营、游泳和洞穴探险。)”以及YosemiteNationalPark中“Forthosevisitorslookingfordifferentrecreationalactivitiesorfamilyactivities,Yosemitehasmanyprogramscoveringavarietyofnaturalsciencesandothertopics.(对于那些寻求不同娱乐活动或家庭活动的游客,优胜美地有许多节目,涵盖各种自然科学和其他主题。)”可知,这些公园都适合家庭一起旅行的。故选A项。BAtSt.FrancisHighSchoolinLaCanada,Calif.,there’ssomethingtobesaidaboutmathteacherJimConnor.Truthis,Connorcanbeabitofadrudge.Butthe70-year-oldVietnamvetsayshe’snotheretoentertainhisstudents.“Itdrivesmecrazywhenpeoplesayschoolshouldbefun,”hesays.“Imean,it’sniceifitcouldbe,butyoucan’tmakeschoolfun.”Andforyears,thekidsthoughtthat’salltherewastohim—untillastNovember,whenseniorPatMcGoldricklearnedtheydidn’tknowthehalfofhim.PatwasinchargeofastudentblooddriveandhadjustcometoChildren’sHospitalLosAngelesforameeting.Andhesaysitwasweird:wheneverhetoldsomeonehewenttoSt.FrancisHighSchool,theyallsaid,“Oh,youmustknowJimConnor.Isn’thewonderful?”“Itwasdisbelief,really,”Patsays.“Itwasalmostkindoffindingthisalterego(另一面)thathehas.”Insidetheblooddonorcenter,Patfoundaplaquelistingallthetopblooddonorsatthehospital,includingtherecordholder,JimConnor.Thenhelearnedsomethingevenmoreunbelievable:thatwheneverConnorisn’ttorturingkidswithcalculus(微积分),he’sonawholeothertangent-cuddlingsickbabies.Threedaysaweekforthepast20years,Jimhasvolunteeredatthehospital,steppinginbecomeinvolvedinanactivitywhenparentscan’t,tohold,feedandcomforttheirchildren.“Theytendtocalmforhim,”NurseErinsays.“Theytendtorelaxwithhim.Theyfallasleepwithhim.”“Ijustlikethemandrelatetothemsomehow,”Connorsays.Connorhasneverbeenmarried;hehasnokidsofhisown.Buthehasfallenhardforthesebabies.“I’vealwaysrespectedhim,butnowit’stoanevendifferentdegree—reallytothepointwhereItrytoemulatehim,”Patsays.“He’stheepitomeofamanofservice.”4.Whatdowelearnfromparagraph2?A.Schoolcanneverbefun.B.Connorishighlydemanding.C.Connor’sstudentsdrivehimcrazy.D.Connorthinkseducationisforall.5.WhatdidPatfindoutaboutMrConnor?AMrConnordonatedbloodaswellashistime.B.MrConnorwasawardedforhislovetowardbabies.C.MrConnorusedtoheaverystrictteacher.D.MrConnorhadauniqueteachingphilosophy.第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
46WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMr.Connor?A.Heworkstwoshiftseverydayforaliving.B.Hehashisalteregointheeyesofhisstudentsallthetime.C.Hehastheabilitytoconnectwiththosekidsheholds.D.Hefallshardforthosesickkidssohedecidednottohavehisown.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BondingwithbabiesinneedofloveB.AreallessonislifethroughlearningcalculusC.EverybodykeepssomethingunderhishatD.Toughteacherhasasoftheart【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加州拉加拿的圣弗朗西斯高中数学老师吉姆·康纳的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Butthe70-year-oldVietnamvetsayshe’snotheretoentertainhisstudents.“Itdrivesmecrazywhenpeoplesayschoolshouldbefun,”hesays.“Imean,it’sniceifitcouldbe,butyoucan’tmakeschoolfun.”(但这位70岁的越战老兵说,他来这里不是为了娱乐学生。“当人们说学校应该是有趣的时候,我都快疯了,”他说。“我的意思是,如果可以的话当然很好,但你不能让学校变得有趣。”)”可知,康纳对学生要求很高。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Insidetheblooddonorcenter,Patfoundaplaquelistingallthetopblooddonorsatthehospital,includingtherecordholder,JimConnor.Thenhelearnedsomethingevenmoreunbelievable:thatwheneverConnorisn’ttorturingkidswithcalculus(微积分),he’sonawholeothertangent-cuddlingsickbabies.Threedaysaweekforthepast20years,Jimhasvolunteeredatthehospital,steppinginbecomeinvolvedinanactivitywhenparentscan’t,tohold,feedandcomforttheirchildren.(在献血中心里,帕特发现一块牌子,上面列出了医院里所有的顶级献血者,包括记录保持者吉姆·康纳。然后,他发现了更难以置信的事情:只要康纳不用微积分折磨孩子,他就会去拥抱生病的婴儿。在过去的20年里,吉姆每周有3天在医院做志愿者,在父母不能做的时候参与到一项活动中来,抱着,喂着,安慰着他们的孩子)”可知,康纳先生不仅捐了血,还捐了时间。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段““Theytendtocalmforhim,”NurseErinsays.“Theytendtorelaxwithhim.Theyfallasleepwithhim.”(“他们往往会因为他而平静下来,”艾琳护士说。“他们往往和他在一起很放松。他们和他一起入睡。”)”可推知,康纳先生有能力和那些被他抱着的孩子们交流。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Butthe70-year-oldVietnamvetsayshe’snotheretoentertainhisstudents.“Itdrivesmecrazywhenpeoplesayschoolshouldbefun,”hesays.“Imean,it’sniceifitcouldbe,butyoucan’t第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
5makeschoolfun.”(但这位70岁的越战老兵说,他来这里不是为了娱乐学生。“当人们说学校应该是有趣的时候,我都快疯了,”他说。“我的意思是,如果可以的话当然很好,但你不能让学校变得有趣。”)”可知,康纳对学生要求很高,是一位严格的老师。根据第五、六段内容可知,康纳先生还很有爱心,而且有能力和那些被他抱着的孩子们交流,有一颗柔软的心。由此可知,Toughteacherhasasoftheart(严厉的老师有一颗柔软的心)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。CCutlery(餐具)includingchopsticks,knives,forksandspoonswhichdeliversanelectricshocktochangethetasteoffoodcouldhelpcutdownsaltinfastfood.Scientistshavedevelopedapairofchopsticks,whichcanmakefoodtastesaltier,sourorbitterwithouttheneedforextraseasoning(调味).Theyarealsoworkingonaspoonandforkthatcouldmakefoodtastespicierorsweeter.This“digitalseasoning”technologycouldhelpfoodmanufacturersandrestaurantstoreducetheamountofsalttheyputintofoodwithoutrelinquishingtaste.Theyworkbydeliveringpulsesofelectricitytothetipofthetonguetostimulatethetastebuds(味蕾).DrNimeshaRanasinghe,anassistantprofessorwholedtheworkontheelectriccutlery,said,“Thistechnologyisaimedatcreatingavirtualtastesensation.”SomeChinesetakeawayfoodandreadymealswererecentlyfoundtocontainupto11timesmoresaltthanabagofcrisps—morethanhalfofanadult’sdailyallowance.Saltisknowntobelinkedtoserioushealthproblemslikeheartdiseaseandstroke.Butusingapairofelectricchopstickscouldhelpcutsaltlevelswithoutinfluencingthetaste,saidDrRanasinghe.Thetechnology,whichDrRanasingheinitiallydevelopedwhileattheUniversityofSingapore,worksbyinstallingtwoelectrodes(电极)intoeachchopstickortheendofaspoon.Theseelectrodessendaweakcurrentthroughthetipofthetonguewhentheytouchittostimulatethetastebuds.Bycontrollingthefrequencyandstrengthoftheelectriccurrent,theresearcherscanstimulateeithersourness,saltinessorbitterness.Theysayupto80%ofpeopleexperiencechangesinsaltinessandsournesswiththedevicesand70%cansensechangesinbitterness.DrRanasinghesaidhewasalsoworkingonwaysofimitatingsweetnessandspicinessbyrapidlyheatingandcoolingthetongue.Itcouldleadtoaspoonthatallowsdessertstotastesweetwhilehavinglowersugarlevelsoraforkthatcangiveacurryextraheatwithouttheneedforextrachilies(辣椒).DrRanasinghesaid:“Wehavesomeearlyfindingsofimitatingsweetness,amint-coolsensationandhotorspicysensations.”8.Whatseasoningcutleryhasbeendeveloped?A.Chopsticks.B.Knives.C.Forks.D.Spoons.9.Howdoestheseasoningcutlerywork?A.Itcutsdownsaltinfood.B.Itaddsextraseasoninginfood.C.Itdeliversanelectricshocktothetongue.D.Itweakensourtastesensationinourmind.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“relinquishing”inParagraph1mean?A.Removing.B.Attracting.C.Acquiring.D.Compromising.11.Whatdoesthetextmainlywanttotellus?第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
6A.Giveyourselfanelectricshocktomaketakeawayshealthy.B.Trytoeatathomeinsteadofhavingtake-outfoodtostayhealthy.C.Makeyourfoodtastesaltierbyusingapairofelectricchopsticks.D.Reducetheamountofsaltinyourfoodtoavoidhealthproblems.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员研发了一种电子筷,使食物尝起来更咸,有助于减少食盐摄入,同时不会影响食物的口味。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientistshavedevelopedapairofchopsticks,whichcanmakefoodtastesaltier,sourorbitterwithouttheneedforextraseasoning(调味).(科学家发明了一种筷子,可以使食物尝起来更咸、更酸或更苦,而不需要额外的调味品)”可知,研究人员研发了一种可以调味的筷子。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cutlery(餐具)includingchopsticks,knives,forksandspoonswhichdeliversanelectricshocktochangethetasteoffoodcouldhelpcutdownsaltinfastfood.(包括筷子、刀、叉和勺子在内的餐具可以通过电击来改变食物的味道,这有助于减少快餐中的盐分)”以及第二段中“Theyworkbydeliveringpulsesofelectricitytothetipofthetonguetostimulatethetastebuds(味蕾).(它们通过向舌尖发送电脉冲来刺激味蕾)”可知,这种餐具的工作原理是向舌尖发送电脉冲,以刺激味蕾。故选C。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Theyarealsoworkingonaspoonandforkthatcouldmakefoodtastespicierorsweeter.(他们还在研究一种能让食物尝起来更辣或更甜的勺子和叉子)”可推知,划线词所在句意为:这种“数字调味”技术可以帮助食品制造商和餐馆在不放弃味道的情况下减少食物中的盐含量。由此推知,划线词relinquishing意为“放弃”。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容,结合第一段中“Cutlery(餐具)includingchopsticks,knives,forksandspoonswhichdeliversanelectricshocktochangethetasteoffoodcouldhelpcutdownsaltinfastfood.(包括筷子、刀、叉和勺子在内的餐具可以通过电击来改变食物的味道,这有助于减少快餐中的盐分)”可知,本文主要介绍了研究人员研发了一种电子筷,使食物尝起来更咸,有助于减少食盐摄入,同时不会影响食物的口味。由此可知,C项“用一双电筷子让你的食物尝起来更咸”能够总结文章大意。故选C。DWhatdoesitmeantoliveagoodlife?Thisquestionhasbeendebatedforcenturies.Inthefieldofpsychology,twomainconceptsofthegoodlifehavebeenquitepopular:Ahappylifefullofpleasureandpositiveemotions,andameaningfullifefullofpurposeandsacrifice.Butwhatifthesearen’ttheonlyoptions?Inrecentyears,along-neglectedversionofthegoodlifehasbeenreceivinggreaterattention:thepsychologicallyrichlife.Itisfullofcomplexmentalengagement,awiderangeofintenseanddeepemotions,anddiverse,novel,surprisingandinterestingexperiences.Sometimestheyareneitherpleasantnormeaningful.However,theyarerarelyboringormonotonous.第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
7Afterall,bothhappyandmeaningfullivescanbecomemonotonousandrepetitive.Apersonwithasteadyofficejob,marriedwithchildren,maybesatisfiedandfindhisorherlifemeaningfulandstillbebored.Also,thepsychologicallyrichlifedoesn’tnecessarilyinvolveeconomicrichness.Forinstance,considerHesse’scharacterGoldmund,whohasnomoneybutpursuesthelifeofafreespirit.Researchhasfoundpsychologicalrichnessisrelatedto,butpartiallydistinctfrom,bothhappyandmeaningfullives.Psychologicalrichnessisrelatedwithopennesstoexperienceandexperiencingbothpositiveandnegativeemotionsmoreintensely.Butisthepsychologicallyrichlifeonethatpeopleactuallywant?Inanewstudy,Oishiandhiscolleaguesaskedpeopleinninecountriesthedegreetowhichtheyvalueapsychologicallyrichlife,ahappylifeandameaningfullife.Theyfoundmanypeople’sself-describedideallivesinvolvepsychologicalrichness.Whenforcedtochoosealife,however,themajoritychoseahappylifeandameaningfullife.Evenso,aminorityofpeoplestillfavoredthepsychologicallyrichlife,rangingfrom6.7%inSingaporeto16.8%inGermany.Thesenumberswentupwhenthedesireforapsychologicallyrichlifewasmeasuredindirectly.Tounderstandwhatapersonwishestheirlivesmighthavebeen,itisimportanttoexplorewhatpeoplewishtheyhadavoidedintheirlives.Whenaskedwhattheyregretmostandwhetherundoingthiseventwouldhavemadetheirliveshappier,moremeaningfulorpsychologicallyricher,about28%ofAmericanssaidundoingtheregrettableeventwouldhavemadetheirlivespsychologicallyricher.Thesefindingssuggestthatwhilemostpeoplestrivetobehappyandhavemeaningintheirlives,asizablenumberofpeoplearecontentmerelylivingapsychologicallyrichexistence.AsOishiandhiscolleaguesconclude,“Webelievethattakingthepsychologicallyrichlifeseriouslywilldeepenandenrichourunderstandingofwell-being.”Attheendoftheday,thereisnoonesingularlyacceptablepathtothegoodlife.Youhavetofindapaththatworksbestforyou.12.Accordingtothepassage,thepsychologicallyrichlife_______.A.meanslivingaluxuriouslifeB.involvesvariousintenseemotionsC.combinespleasurewithpurposeD.emphasizesopennessandrepetition13.WhatdoesOishi’sresearchindicate?A.TheGermanspreferpsychologicalrichnesstoahappylife.B.Undoingregrettableeventshasenrichedmanypeople’slives.C.Ahiddendesireforpsychologicalrichnessexistsamongsomepeople.D.Peoplewithpsychologicalrichnesstendtodescribetheirlivesasideal.14.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.purposeoutweighspleasureintermsofsignificanceB.thechoiceofagoodlifediffersfrompersontopersonC.apositivemindsethelpsusunderstandourwell-beingD.weshouldneverbecontentandalwaysstriveforthebest15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.Tocomparedifferentconceptsofagoodlife.B.Toexplainhowtoliveapsychologicallyrichlife.第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
8C.Topersuadepeopletoattainpsychologicalrichness.D.Todrawattentiontoalessfamiliarversionofagoodlife.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章提出除了传统观念的好的生活之外,另一种好生活——心理丰富的生活应该得到关注。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Itisfullofcomplexmentalengagement,awiderangeofintenseanddeepemotions,anddiverse,novel,surprisingandinterestingexperiences.”(它充满了复杂的心理参与,广泛的强烈和深刻的情感,以及多样的、新奇的、惊奇的和有趣的体验。)可知,心理丰富的生活包含了各种强烈的情感。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据倒第二段“Thesefindingssuggestthatwhilemostpeoplestrivetobehappyandhavemeaningintheirlives,asizablenumberofpeoplearecontentmerelylivingapsychologicallyrichexistence.”(这些发现表明,虽然大多数人努力让自己快乐,让自己的生活有意义,但仍有相当数量的人仅仅满足于心理上丰富的生活。)可知,Oishi的调查显示在一些人当中,隐藏着一种对心理丰富的渴望。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句“Whenforcedtochoosealife,however,themajoritychoseahappylifeandameaningfullife.Evenso,aminorityofpeoplestillfavoredthepsychologicallyrichlife,rangingfrom6.7%inSingaporeto16.8%inGermany.”(然而,当被迫选择一种生活时,大多数人选择了幸福的生活和有意义的生活。即便如此,仍有一小部分人青睐心理富裕的生活,从新加坡的6.7%到德国的16.8%不等。)可知,对于好的生活的选择因人而异。故选B。4.推理判断题。文章第一段中提出问题“Whatdoesitmeantoliveagoodlife?”(过好生活意味着什么?)并指出“Inthefieldofpsychology,twomainconceptsofthegoodlifehavebeenquitepopular:Ahappylifefullofpleasureandpositiveemotions,andameaningfullifefullofpurposeandsacrifice.”(在心理学领域,关于美好生活的两个主要概念一直很流行:一个是充满快乐和积极情绪的幸福生活,一个是充满目标和牺牲的有意义的生活。)然后提出问题“Butwhatifthesearen’ttheonlyoptions?”(但如果这些不是唯一的选择呢?)所以文章的目的是想提出一种不与传统概念相同的另一种好的生活的选择,并在第二段中提出“Inrecentyears,along-neglectedversionofthegoodlifehasbeenreceivinggreaterattention:thepsychologicallyrichlife.”(近年来,一个长期被忽视的美好生活的版本越来越受到关注:心理丰富的生活。)可知这篇文章的主要目的是让人们注意到不太熟悉的美好生活。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theword“diary”comesfromtheLatinword“diarium”,whichmeans“dailyallowance”.____16____Anditisusedforbusinessnotes,planningactivities,keepingtrackofscheduledappointments,ordocumentingwhathasalreadyhappened.Somedoctorssuggestthatwritinginadiaryisagoodformofself-study.InAmerica,fromthe1940sthroughthe1980s,adiarywasthoughtofmostlyasawaytoprivatelyexpressone’sdeepestthoughtswhilekeepingnotationsabouttheday.___17___Manytimes,movieswouldshowa第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
9teenagegirlbeginningtowriteinherdiarywhileshesaidaloud,“Deardiary”___18___AdiarykeptbyayoungGermanJewishgirlbythenameofAnneFrankprovidesuswithinvaluablelessonsabouthistory,forshedocumentedherexperienceswhileshehidfromtheNazisduringtheiroccupationoftheNetherlandsinWorldWarII.Herdiarybecameoneoftheworld’smostwidelyreadbooksandisthebasisformanyfilms.SamuelPepys,wholivedduringthe17thcentury,istheearliestdiarykeeperthatisfamoustoday.Hisdiaryisalsoanimportantdocumentationofhistory,foritgivespersonalinsight(洞察力)intoLondon’sGreatPlagueandtheGreatFire.HisdiaryisbeingpublishedontheInternet,andit’sinterestingtonotethattherehasbeenanewentryeverydaysinceJanuaryof2003.Itwillcontinueoverthecourseofseveralyearstocome.___19___Today’selectronicversionofthediary,theweblogor“blog”hasonceagainstretchedthediarytobemuchmorethanapersonalaccountoftheday’sevents.Thereareblogstodocumentrecipes,traveling,movies,independentnews,productannouncements,photos,andanythingelsethatneedstoberecordedovertime.SearchengineslikeTechnorati.comhavebeencreatedtokeeptrackofthemorethan112millionblogsthatarecurrentlypublic.___20___A.Itreferstoabookforwritingsbydate.B.Initsnewestform,thediaryhasbecomemorepopularthanever.C.Readinghisdiaryisfascinating,anditmakeshislifeallthemorerealtous.D.Peoplelovetowritediaries,sowhenevertheyarefree,theywillwriteafewlines.E.Thoseprivatereflectionsmayhavehistoricalsignificancelongaftertheauthor’sdeath.F.Nowadays,thebloghastakentheplaceofthediaryandbecomesmoreandmorepopular.G.Inthosetimes,andevencontinuingontoday,writinginadiarywaslikewritingtoaspecialfriend.【答案】16.A17.G18.E19.C20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了日记的起源、用途及其演变过程。【详解】1.从上句“Theword“diary”comesfromtheLatinword“diarium”,whichmeans“dailyallowance”.”(“diary”这个词来自拉丁语“diarium”,意思是“每日津贴”。)可以看出这里是解释“diary”一词的来源,那么下一句应该是给“diary”下的定义,选项A.“它指的是一本按日期写的书。”讲述了这个词的定义,符合题意。故选A。2.根据前一句“InAmerica,fromthe1940sthroughthe1980s,adiarywasthoughtofmostlyasawaytoprivatelyexpressone’sdeepestthoughtswhilekeepingnotationsabouttheday.”(在美国,从20世纪40年代到80年代,日记被认为是作为一种方式来私下表达一个人内心深处的想法同时保留关于这一天的记录),G项“在那个时代,甚至在今天,写日记就像是给一个特别的朋友写信。”中Inthosetimes对应前一句中的fromthe1940sthroughthe1980s,故选G。3.根据下文“AdiarykeptbyayoungGermanJewishgirlbythenameofAnneFrankprovidesuswithinvaluablelessonsabouthistory,forshedocumentedherexperienceswhileshehidfromtheNazisduringtheiroccupationoftheNetherlandsinWorldWarII.Herdiarybecameoneoftheworld’smostwidelyreadbooksandisthebasisformanyfilms.”(一个名叫安妮·弗兰克第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
10年轻德国犹太女孩的日记为我们提供了宝贵的历史教训,因为她记录了她在二战期间躲避纳粹占领荷兰期间的经历。她的日记成为世界上最广泛阅读的书籍之一,也是许多电影的基础。)可知,讲述了德国犹太女孩安妮·弗兰克的日记,她的日记成为了世界上最广泛阅读的书籍之一,也是很多部电影的基础。作为例子讲述了保留下来的个人的日记的历史意义,可知空处的内容应为“在作者死后,那些私人的思考可能具有历史意义。”选项E.“这些个人的反思可能在作者死后很久仍具有历史意义。”切题,故选E。4.根据前文“SamuelPepys,wholivedduringthe17thcentury,istheearliestdiarykeeperthatisfamoustoday.Hisdiaryisalsoanimportantdocumentationofhistory,foritgivespersonalinsight(洞察力)intoLondon’sGreatPlagueandtheGreatFire.HisdiaryisbeingpublishedontheInternet,andit’sinterestingtonotethattherehasbeenanewentryeverydaysinceJanuaryof2003.Itwillcontinueoverthecourseofseveralyearstocome.”(塞缪尔·佩皮斯,生活在17世纪,在今天是著名的,也是最早的日记记录者。他的日记也是一个重要的历史记录,因为它提供了个人对于伦敦的大瘟疫和大火的见解。他的日记正在互联网上发表,有趣的是,自2003年1月以来,每天都有一个新的条目。这将在未来几年持续下去。)本段主要讲述生活在十七世纪SamuelPepys的日记的也是有历史意义的,因此可以推断阅读他的日记可以帮助我们可以更好地了解他的生活,选项C.“阅读他的日记是很有趣的,这使得他的生活对我们来说更加真实。”承接前文,符合题意。故选C。5.根据前文“Today’selectronicversionofthediary,theweblogor“blog”hasonceagainstretchedthediarytobemuchmorethanapersonalaccountoftheday’sevents.Thereareblogstodocumentrecipes,traveling,movies,independentnews,productannouncements,photos,andanythingelsethatneedstoberecordedovertime.SearchengineslikeTechnorati.comhavebeencreatedtokeeptrackofthemorethan112millionblogsthatarecurrentlypublic.”(今天的电子版本的日记,网络日志或“博客”再次延伸到日记远远超过个人帐户的一天的事件。有博客记录食谱、旅游、电影、独立新闻、产品公告、照片以及其他任何需要随时间记录的东西。为了追踪目前公开的超过1.12亿个博客,人们创建了像Technorati.com这样的搜索引擎。)本段介绍博客是日记的一种新形式,选项B.“日记以最新的形式变得比以往任何时候都更受欢迎。”讲述了最新形式的日记模式更受大众欢迎,承接了前文,符合题意,故选B。【点睛】七选五阅读题,有部分题出现在每一段的开始位置,若问题在段首1.通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落,根据段落一致性原则,查找相关词或者同义词,从而推测出主题句,找到答案。2.与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句,锁定线索信号词,然后在选项中查找相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的,所以通常情况下,这两句话中会有某种的衔接手段。3.段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找到启示,即阅读上一段结尾部分,通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来,并结合下一段内容,看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。【小题3】E本段谈的是GermanJewishgirlbythenameofAnneFrank的日记,她的日记成为了世界上最广泛阅读的书籍之一,是很多部电影的基础。从该段内容可知,“那些个人回声在作者死后会对历史产生重大意义”。答案为E。第三部分语言知识运用第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
11阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Somefifteenyearsago,whensmartphoneappswerenewandfewtrulyunderstoodtheirpotentials,retailers(零售商)____21____knewthatconsumerscouldbrowseinstoreswhilecomparingpricesand____22____fromotheritemprovidersthroughcertainappsbefore____23____makingthepurchaseonline.Tenyearsago,brick-and-mortar(实体店)retailershadtoacknowledgethatshowroomingexistedandappearedtobea____24____.That’stheyearwhenretailerswereupinarmsasonlinegiantAmazonreleasedan“evil”promotionthatencouragedconsumerstovisit____25____storesanduseAmazon’sPriceCheckAppatthesametime.Anypurchasecompletedthroughtheappwasgiven____26____discounts,whichsignificantlystimulatedsalesand____27____manyshopownerstotheedgeofbankruptcy(破产).Fromthepointon,retailersbeganlaunchingstrategiestocombatshowroomingincludingreleasingexclusiveitemsforsalesothatno____28____pricesfromothersourcesareavailableforcomparison.“Mediahavereportedshowroomingasabigthreattophysicalstores.”saysCaseyCarl,aretailer.“However,less____29____isthefactthatitisalsothegreatestopportunityforus.”Retailersneedtoacceptthattheactofshowroomingisnot____30____andanysensiblebuyertendstocompareprices.Asthere’snothingyoucandoaboutit,youmightaswellofferconvenienceslikein-storeinternetaccessto____31____theseconsumers.Withcaringservicescombinedwithgoodprices,thestoremightactuallyimprovethelikelihoodforconsumerstoclosethedeal____32____.Andashowroomingstudyindicatesthatit’swiseforretailerstolimittheitempricetoatmost5dollars____33____thanwhatonlinestorescharge.Afterall,forthemajorityofconsumers,gettingtheabsolutelowestpriceisnottheir____34____.Manyofthem,instead,arewillingtopay____35____inexchangeforfavourableshoppingexperiences,suchasthepleasantstoreatmosphere,agreeablestaffattitudesoreventhemerrymusicplayed,withareasonableprice____36____,ofcourse.____37____,adoptingastrategyof____38____channelsisalsoessential.Withmanysalechannelsundercontrol,retailersaresuretohaveaccesstothelowestpricepossibleforanitem.Therefore,whenacustomer____39____amobiledeviceinstore,retailerscanbesparedthe____40____thatwasunavoidableforthemsometenyearsago.21.A.almostB.justC.barelyD.simply22.A.reviewsB.locationsC.showsD.similarities23.A.genuinelyB.generouslyC.particularlyD.finally24.A.blessingB.threatC.surpriseD.success25.A.domesticB.physicalC.imaginaryD.parallel26.A.superiorB.compulsoryC.routineD.rewarding27.A.corneredB.messedC.overlookedD.refunded28.A.referenceB.alternativeC.exceptionD.discount29.A.criticizedB.publicizedC.exploitedD.executed30.A.reasonableB.inevitableC.illegalD.acceptable31.A.assistB.prohibitC.monitorD.expose32.A.outofstockB.atrandomC.withinreachD.onthespot第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1233.A.higherB.lowerC.lessD.more34.A.reputationB.greedC.priorityD.devotion35.A.attentionB.depositC.honorD.extra36.A.disorderB.gapC.splitD.deadline37.A.HoweverB.ActuallyC.BesidesD.Therefore38.A.accessibleB.multipleC.loyalD.concrete39.A.putsoutB.carriesoutC.seeksoutD.pullsout40.A.suspicionB.effortC.panicD.guilt【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.B26.D27.A28.A29.B30.C31.A32.D33.A34.C35.D36.B37.C38.B39.D40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍网络巨头亚马逊引入手机应用。实现了网络购物,进而提到手机应用程序的发展给顾客带来的好处,和给零售商们带来的挑战,以及零售商们如何面对和利用该挑战。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:大约15年前,那时智能手机应用程序还很新,很少有人真正了解它们的潜力,零售商几乎不知道消费者可以通过某些应用程序浏览商店,比较其他商品供应商的价格和评论,然后最终在网上购买。A.almost差不多;B.just只是;C.barely几乎不;D.simply仅仅。根据上文“whensmartphoneappswerenew”可知,大约15年前,那时智能手机应用程序还很新,所以零售商几乎不知道消费者可以通过某些应用程序浏览商店,比较其他商品供应商的价格和评论,然后最终在网上购买。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:大约15年前,那时智能手机应用程序还很新,很少有人真正了解它们的潜力,零售商几乎不知道消费者可以通过某些应用程序浏览商店,比较其他商品供应商的价格和评论,然后最终在网上购买。A.reviews评论;B.locations位置;C.shows表演;D.similarities相似性。根据前文“comparingprices”和后文“fromotheritemprovidersthroughcertainapps”可知,此处指通过某些应用软件来比较其它商家提供的产品的价格和其他消费者的评论。故选A。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.genuinely真正地;B.generously慷慨地;C.particularly尤其地,特别地;D.finally最后。根据前文“before”和后文“makingthepurchaseonline”可知此处指之前通过比价和看评论,最终从网上购买。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:十年前,实体零售商不得不承认,“展厅”的存在似乎是一种威胁。A.blessing祝福;B.threat威胁;C.surprise惊喜;D.success成功。后文提到亚马逊发布的一个“邪恶”促销活动表示强烈抗议,该活动鼓励消费者去实体店购物,同时使用亚马逊的价格查询应用程序,这一例子表明“展厅”的存在似乎是一种威胁。故选B。第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
13【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:那一年,零售商们对网络巨头亚马逊发布的一个“邪恶”促销活动表示强烈抗议,该活动鼓励消费者去实体店购物,同时使用亚马逊的价格查询应用程序。A.domestic国内的;B.physical实物的,实体的;C.imaginary想象的;D.parallel平行的。根据前文“encouragedconsumerstovisit”和后文“useAmazon’sPriceCheckappatthesametime”,结合本句中的“onlinegiantAmazon”,可知,相对于网络巨头亚马逊而言,此处指让顾客使用价格查询应用程序来和实体店的价格进行比价。故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:通过该应用程序完成的任何购买都会获得奖励折扣,这极大地刺激了销售,并将许多店主逼到了破产的边缘。A.superior优越的,优良的;B.compulsory强制的,强迫的;C.routine日常的,例行的;D.rewarding有报酬的,值得的。根据下文的“whichsignificantlystimulatedsales”可知,该活动刺激了销售,由此推知通过这个应用程序完成的购买都会有奖励的折扣。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.cornered把……逼入困境;B.messed使混乱;C.overlooked俯视,忽视;D.refunded退款。根据下文“manyshopownerstotheedgeofbankruptcy”可知此处指许多店主被逼入困境,接近到破产边缘。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:从那时候起,零售商开始采取策略打击“展厅”现象,包括发布独家商品出售,这样就没有其他来源的参考价格可供比较。A.reference参考;B.alternative备选;C.exception例外;D.discount折扣。根据上文“includingreleasingexclusiveitemsforsalesothat”可知,发布独家商品出售,这样就没有其他来源的参考价格可供比较。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“然而,较少公开的事实是,这也是我们最大的机会。”A.criticized批评的;B.publicized公开的;C.exploited被开发的;D.executed已执行的,已生效的。根据上文“Mediahavereportedshowroomingasabigthreattophysicalstores”结合however表示转折,可知人们都认为展示销售给给实体商店带来威胁,但鲜为人知的是这其实也是实体店的机会。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:零售商需要接受这样的事实:展厅的行为并不违法,任何明智的买家都倾向于比较价格。A.reasonable合理的;B.inevitable不可避免的;C.illegal非法的;D.acceptable可接受的。根据后文“andanysensiblebuyertendstocompareprices.”可知,展厅行为并不违法,任何明智的买家都倾向于比较价格。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:既然你对此无能为力,你不妨提供店内网络连接等便利,来帮助这些消费者。A.assist帮助;B.prohibit禁止;C.monitor监督;D.expose暴露。根据上文“youmightaswellofferconvenienceslikein-storeinternetaccess第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
14”可知此处指提供店内的网络连接来帮助消费者进行价格比较,故选A。【32题详解】考查短语辨析。句意:通过关怀服务和可接受的价格,商店实际上可能会提高消费者当场成交的可能性。A.outofstock缺货;B.atrandom随机的;C.withinreach触手可及;D.onthespot在现场。根据上文“youmightaswellofferconveniences...to…theseconsumers”及“thestoremightactuallyimprovethelikelihoodforconsumerstoclosethedeal”可知,此处指商店如果做好了服务,可以提高了现场成交的可能性。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一项展厅研究表明,零售商将商品价格限制在比网上商店最多高5美元的水平是明智的。A.higher更高的;B.lower更低的;C.less更少的;D.more更多的。根据上文“limittheitempricetoatmost5dollars”可知是指将价格限制得更高,故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:毕竟,对于大多数消费者来说,获得绝对最低的价格并不是他们的优先考虑的事。A.reputation名声,声誉;B.greed贪婪,贪欲;C.priority优先权,优先考虑的事;D.devotion奉献。根据下文“Manyofthem,instead,arewillingtopay…inexchangeforfavourableshoppingexperiences,”可知,很多消费者在乎的是购物的体验,而获取最低的价格并不是他们优先考虑的事。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:相反,他们中的许多人愿意支付额外费用,以换取良好的购物体验,例如愉快的店铺气氛、令人愉快的员工态度,甚至是欢快的音乐,当然,价格差距也是合理的。A.attention注意力;B.deposit押金;C.honor荣耀;D.extra额外的东西(指金钱)。根据下文“inexchangeforfavourableshoppingexperiences,”可知,此处指顾客们愿意为良好的购物体验支付额外的费用。故选D。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.disorder无秩序,混乱;B.gap间隙,差距;C.split劈开,裂口;D.deadline截止时间,最后期限。根据前文“it’swiseforretailerstolimittheitempricetoatmost5dollarshigherthanwhatonlinestorescharge”可知,此处指合理的价格差距。故选B。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外,采取多渠道的策略也很重要。A.However然而;B.Actually实际上;C.Besides此外;D.Therefore因此。后文提到了采取多渠道的策略,是对上文的补充,应用besides。故选C。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:此外,采取多渠道的策略也很重要。A.accessible可达到的,易取得的;B.multiple复合的,多样的;C.loyal忠实的;D.concrete具体的。根据下文“Withmanysalechannelsundercontrol”可知,此处指采用多渠道的策略很重要。故选B。【39题详解】第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
15考查动词短语辨析。句意:因此,当顾客在商店里拿出移动设备时,零售商可以避免大约十年前不可避免的恐慌。A.putsout熄灭;B.carriesout开展;C.seeksout找出;D.pullsout拿出。根据后文“amobiledeviceinstore”指拿出移动设备,故选D。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:因此,当顾客在商店里拿出移动设备时,零售商可以避免10年前不可避免恐慌。A.suspicion怀疑;B.effort努力;C.panic恐慌;D.guilt内疚。结合上文内容可知,以前展示销售几乎把零售商逼到破产的边缘,再根据下文“thatwasunavoidableforthemsometenyearsago”可知此处指零售商可以避免10年前不可避免的恐慌,即被逼到破产边缘。故选C。第二节单项选择(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)41.Themovehassparkeda_________reactionfromemployeesandtriggeredachainofstrikesinthepastfewweeks.A.relevantB.bilingualC.tranquilD.furious【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:此举引发了员工的强烈反应,并在过去几周引发了一系列罢工。A.relevant相关的;B.bilingual双语的;C.tranquil宁静的;D.furious激烈的,强烈的。根据下文“triggeredachainofstrikesinthepastfewweeks”可知是引起了员工的强烈反应,furious符合题意。故选D。42.IfwecouldturnthepopulationoftheEarthintoasmallvillagecommunityof100people,keepingroughlythesame_________wehavetodayonourplanet,itwouldbesomethinglikethis.A.prospectsB.proposalsC.proportionsD.petitions【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果我们能把地球上的人口变成一个100人的小村庄社区,保持我们今天在地球上的比例大致相同,那就会是这样的情况了。A.prospects前景;B.proposals提议;C.proportions比例;D.petitions请求。根据上文提到的thepopulation,可知是保持在地球上的人口比例相同,故选C。43.Thesailorswereallinamazement,andaskedmeathousandquestions,whichIhadno_________toanswer.A.inclinationB.propertyC.demonstrationD.distribution【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:水手们都惊呆了,问了我一千个问题,我不想回答。A.inclination意向;B.property财产;D.demonstration示范;D.distribution分配。根据“askedmeathousandquestions”可知,水手们问了一千个问题,这一千个问题我并不想回答。故选A。44.Normallyacquiringnewskillsrequiresalotof_________bothintimeandmoney.A.commitmentB.combinationC.substanceD.ignorance第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
16【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:通常,获得新技能需要大量的时间和金钱投入。A.commitment投入;B.combination联合;C.substance物质;D.ignorance无知。根据“bothintimeandmoney”可知,获得新技能需要大量的时间和金钱的投入。故选A。45.Byjumpingoverthebarriers,he_________notpayingforaticket.A.disposedofB.gotawaywithC.wasmistakenforD.apologizedfor【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:通过跳过障碍,他没有买票,侥幸逃脱了。A.disposeof解决;应付;处理;B.getawaywithv.侥幸成功,逃脱处罚;C.bemistakenfor被误认为;D.apologizefor为……道歉,替……道歉。根据前面的byjumpingoverthebarriers和空格后的notpayingforaticket可知,他跳过障碍,逃票成功了,所以应该用短语getawaywith。故选B项。46.Youhavereducedhimtohispresentstateofpovertyand_________himofthebestyearsofhislife,oftheindependencehedeserved.A.deprivedB.distinguishedC.defendedD.derived【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:你使他陷入了现在的贫穷状态,剥夺了他生命中最好的时光,剥夺了他应得的独立。A.deprived剥夺;B.distinguished区分;C.defended保卫;D.derived获得。根据句意和空格前的and可知,空格处的词在意义上和前面的reduce(使陷入)应该是顺接关系,所以空格处应该用单词deprive(使丧失,剥夺)。故选A项。47.Mr.Dempseystoodforafewseconds,andperhapssomesecretsuspicioncreptoverhimthatthisvisitmightbethought_________.A.infectiousB.intrusiveC.inferiorD.prompt【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:邓普西先生站了几秒钟,心里也许暗暗怀疑这次来访会被认为是打扰了。A.infectious传染的,传染性的;B.intrusive侵入的;打扰的;C.inferior次的,较差的;D.prompt迅速的,立刻的。根据“somesecretsuspicion”和“thisvisitmightbethought”可知,此处是指怀疑这次造访会被认为是打扰的。故选B。48.Aidagencieshaveaccusedtheinternationalcommunityoffailingto_________promisestoprovidehumanitarianassistancetoYemenaheadoftalksonthesubjectattheUNGeneralAssembly.A.keeptrackofB.liveuptoC.signupforD.confessto【答案】B【解析】【详解】第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
17考查动词短语辨析。句意:援助机构指责国际社会未能兑现向也门提供人道主义援助的承诺,联合国大会将就这一问题举行会谈。A.keeptrackof与……保持联系;B.liveupto不辜负,做到;C.signupfor报名参加;D.confessto承认。根据句意可知,此处为动词短语liveupto“不辜负;做到”,满足句意要求。故选B项。49.By2060,Ithinkthatnewwaysofproducingfoodwillhavebeenfoundtoprevent_________.A.starvationB.sanitationC.resolutionD.opposition【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:到2060年,我认为生产食物的新方法将被发现以防止饥饿。A.starvation饥饿;B.sanitation环境卫生;C.resolution决议;D.opposition反对。根据空前“newwaysofproducingfoodwillhavebeenfound”可知,此处指找到防止饥饿的生产食物的新方法。故选A。50.Thejurydecidedthattheshootingwas_________becauseRogersthoughthisownlifewasindanger.A.distinctB.abnormalC.justifiableD.automatic【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:陪审团认为枪击事件是正当的,因为罗杰斯认为自己的生命有危险。A.distinct不同的;B.abnormal不正常的;C.justifiable正当的;D.automatic自动的。根据下文“becauseRogersthoughthisownlifewasindanger.”可推断出陪审团认为枪击事件是正当的,故选C。51.Elizabethfeltherselfgrowingmoreangryeverymoment,butshetriedveryhardtospeakwith_________.A.comprehensionB.composureC.affectionD.confrontation【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:伊丽莎白感到自己越来越生气,但她竭力使自己说话平静些。A.comprehension理解;B.composure镇静;C.affection感情,喜爱;D.confrontation对抗,冲突。结合句意可知,此处指伊丽莎白在生气的情况下尽力使自己能镇静地说话,名词composure符合题意。故选B。52.Friendlycontactsbetweendifferentpeoples_________theculturalandeconomicinterchange.A.revealB.facilitateC.suppressD.mourn【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:各民族之间的友好交往促进了文化和经济交流。A.reveal揭示、透露、表明;B.facilitate促进、推动、使便利;C.suppress镇压、压制、阻止;D.mourn悼念、哀悼。根据句意可知,此处表示各民族之间的友好交往可以“促进”文化和经济交流,此处facilitate符合句意。故选B项。53.Thepandemichas_________jobandeconomicuncertaintyformanyAmericansandimpactedinterpersonalrelationships.A.estimatedB.compensatedC.heightenedD.overlooked【答案】C【解析】第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
18【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:疫情加剧了许多美国人的就业和经济不确定性,并影响了人际关系。A.estimated估计;B.compensated补偿;C.heightened加剧;D.overlooked忽视。根据句意,此处表示“疫情加剧了就业和经济的不确定性”,表示“加剧”用heighten。设空处应使用过去分词与空前has构成现在完成时。故选C。54.Don’tbe_________byproductsclaimingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.A.takeninB.takendownC.takenupD.takenon【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:不要被那些号称能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。A.takenin欺骗;B.takendown写下;C.takenup占据;D.takenon上映。根据句意,表示“欺骗”用takein,符合句意。故选A。55.Hecouldalsolearntousethevacuumcleaner,thewashingmachineandotherhousehold_________.A.estimationsB.appliancesC.estatesD.ambassadors【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他还可以学习使用吸尘器、洗衣机和其他家用电器。A.estimations判断;B.appliances电器;C.estates房产;D.ambassadors大使。根据上文“thevacuumcleaner,thewashingmachineandotherhousehold”可知是指使用吸尘器、洗衣机和其他家用电器。故选B。56.Ifeelweliveinaclimatewhereeveryoneistaughttomistrusteachotherandreportourneighbour’s_________behaviour.A.embarrassingB.randomC.genuineD.suspicious【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我觉得我们生活在这样一种氛围中,每个人都被教育要互相不信任,要报告邻居的可疑行为。A.embarrassing令人尴尬的;B.random随意的;C.genuine真正的;D.suspicious可疑的。根据句意可知,此处为形容词suspicious“可疑的”,满足句意要求。故选D项。57.Don'tdothings_________,oryou'relikelytomakemistakes.A.desperatelyB.identicallyC.hastilyD.constantly【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:不要匆忙做事,要不然你很可能犯错误。A.desperately拼命地,不过一切地;B.identically同一地;C.hastily匆忙地;D.constantly连续不断地。根据句意可知,很可能犯错误的原因是做事儿太匆忙,所以不要匆忙地做事情,符合句意。故选C项。58.Theseareresponsibleemployerswhoarenotseekingto_________loopholesinthelegislation.A.reverseB.exploitC.manufactureD.integrate【答案】B【解析】第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
19【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这些雇主都是负责任的雇主,他们不会企图利用法律的漏洞。A.reverse颠倒,反转;B.exploit开发,利用;C.manufacture制造,捏造;D.integrate整合,合并。结合句意,此处是指负责任的雇主不用利用法律的漏洞,exploit符合题意。故选B。59.Theinvestigationgroupwasformedin1996,_________providingasolutionforbettercontainingteenagecrime.A.outofsympathyforB.intheabsenceofC.withtheobjectiveofD.inacknowledgementof【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意:调查小组于1996年成立,目的是为更好地遏止青少年犯罪提供解决办法。A.outofsympathyfor出于同情;B.intheabsenceof由于缺席;C.withtheobjectiveof目的是为了;D.inacknowledgementof承认。根据语境及常识可知,空后解释了调查小组成立的目的,介词短语withtheobjectiveof符合语境。故选C。60.Althoughtherehavebeenmanyattemptstocreateasimple,logicaland_________artificiallanguageoverthecenturies,verylittleprogresshasbeenmadetowardsthecreationofauniversally-usedlanguage.A.persistentB.potentialC.plausibleD.passionate【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:几个世纪以来,尽管有许多人试图创造一种简单、合乎逻辑和合理的人工语言,但在创造一种普遍使用的语言方面进展甚微。A.persistent持久的;B.potential潜在的;C.plausible合理的;D.passionate热情的。根据“asimple,logical”可知,此处是指合理的人工语言。故选C。第三节语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheParis2024OlympicsandParalympicsunveiledthePhrygesastheir____61____(office)mascotsthisweek,____62____(show)offcartoonishimagesthataremeetingwithwide-rangingreactions.PhrygesaresmallPhrygiancaps(弗里吉亚帽),____63____representastrongsymbolofliberty,inclusivityandtheabilityofpeople____64____(support)greatandmeaningfulcauses.ThedifferenceisthatParalympicmascotwears____65____prosthetic(假体的)runningbladetoraisetheprofilesofpara-athletesandpeople____66____disabilitiesandtopromotethesportingvaluesofinclusion.Themascotsaredressedinared,whiteandbluecolourway,withthegoldenParis2024logoacrosstheirchests.It'sasymbolofrevolutionandfreedom,ofstriving.Themascot,Phryges,isanicon____67____(see)overcenturies,fromtheNotreDameCathedraltotheEiffelTower.More____68____(specific),it'stheredhatfamouslywornbyMarianne,theartisticsymbolofthefreeFrenchrepublic.Thetwomascotsshareamottoof“Alonewegofaster,buttogetherwego____69____(far)”,andtheOlympicPhrygeisdescribedas“apersonwithacalculatingbrain”,whiletheParalympicPhrygeis“spontaneousandfullofenergyand____70____(enthusiastic)”.JulieMatikhine,thebrandmanageroftheParis2024Games,saidofthePhryges,“Itisamascotwhoembodies第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
20theFrenchspirit.Anidealthatcarriesthevaluesofourcountry,apartofourhistoryandasingularpointofviewontheworld.”【答案】61.official62.showing63.which64.tosupport65.a66.with67.seen68.specifically69.further70.enthusiasm【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章主要介绍巴黎2024年奥运会和残奥会于本周公布了“弗里热”作为官方吉祥物。【61题详解】考查词性转换。句意:巴黎2024年奥运会和残奥会于本周公布了“弗里热”作为官方吉祥物,展示了这引起了广泛反响的卡通形象。本空应填形容词作定语修饰后面名词mascots。故填official。【62题详解】考查非谓语。句意:巴黎2024年奥运会和残奥会于本周公布了“弗里热”作为官方吉祥物,展示了这引起了广泛反响的卡通形象。分析句子可知,此空应填非谓语,且主语TheParis2024OlympicsandParalympics和show为主动关系,再根据句意可知,此空应填现在分词作状语。故填showing。【63题详解】考查定语从句。句意:弗里热是弗里吉亚语的小帽子,它代表着自由、包容和人们支持伟大而有意义的事业的能力。分析句子可知,这里考查非限制性定语从句,先行词为smallPhrygiancaps,在从句中作主语,所以应用关系代词which。故填which。【64题详解】考查非谓语。句意:弗里热是弗里吉亚语的小帽子,它代表着自由、包容和人们支持伟大而有意义的事业的能力。这里考查abilitytodosth表“做某事的能力”,为固定搭配,所以这里应填不定式作后置定语。故填tosupport。【65题详解】考查冠词。句意:不同之处在于,残奥会吉祥物佩戴了假肢活动刀片,以提高残奥动员和残疾人的形象,并促进包容的体育价值观。prostheticrunningblade表“假肢活动刀片”,这里是泛指概念,且prosthetic为辅音音素开始的单词。故填a。【66题详解】考查介词。句意:不同之处在于,残奥会吉祥物佩戴了假肢跑步刀片,以提高残奥动员和残疾人的形象,并促进包容的体育价值观。分析句子可知,此空应填介词with,withdisabilities表“有残疾的”,为介词短语,在这里作定语修饰前面名词people。故填with。67题详解】第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
21考查非谓语。句意:吉祥物弗里热是几个世纪以来的一个一直能被看见的标志,从巴黎圣母院到埃菲尔铁塔。分析句子可知,此空应填非谓语,且anicon和see为被动关系,再根据句意可知,这里应用过去分词作后置定语。故填seen。【68题详解】考查副词。句意:更具体地说,这是玛丽安(Marianne)所戴的红帽子,她是自由法兰西共和国的艺术象征。分析句子可知,此空应填副词作状语修饰后面整个句子。故填specifically。【69题详解】考查副词比较级。句意:这两个吉祥物有一个共同的座右铭:“单独我们走得更快,但一起我们走得更远”,奥运会弗里热被描述为“一个有计算能力的人”,而残奥会弗里热则是“自发的,充满活力和热情”。由前文“faster”可知,此空也应填副词比较级,而further是指程度上进一步的。故填further。【70题详解】考查词性转换。句意:这两个吉祥物有一个共同的座右铭:“单独我们走得更快,但一起我们走得更远”,奥运会弗里热被描述为“一个有计算能力的人”,而残奥会弗里热则是“自发的,充满活力和热情”。由前文“energy”可知,此空应填名词,enthusiasm表“热情”,为不可数名词。故填enthusiasm。第四部分:写作(满分25分)(写在最后的答题卷上)71.目前,网络语言(InternetSlang)在青少年中极为盛行,你校学生会在同学中就对网络语言的看法进行了调查,调查结果见下面饼状图(piechart)。请根据图中信息,用英语写一篇短文,介绍同学们的看法,并表达你自己的观点。注意:1.字数120字左右。2.结构:引入话题——介绍调查结果——简述个人立场。3.要求:主次分明,观点清晰,词汇地道,语法准确,卷面整齐。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Atpresent,Internetslanghasbecomemoreandmorepopularamongtheteenagers.Accordingtoa第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
22surveyconductedbyourStudents’Union,students’opinionsonthisissuearedividedasfollows.MostofthestudentsareinfavorofInternetslang.About35%ofthestudentsholdtheviewthatInternetslangisvividandfashionable.Another33%ofthemenjoyitshumorandintelligence.AndaquarterofthestudentsbelieveitmakeschattingontheInternetmoreconvenient.However,thereare7%ofthestudentsthinkingInternetslanglacksdepthofthoughtandistoocasual.Inaddition,itishardformostpeopletounderstandandacceptthiskindofslang.Ifitisusedtoomuchinapassage,itmaymakereadersconfused,andevencausemisunderstanding.Inmyopinion,livingintheInformationAge,ifwearenotfamiliarwithInternetslang,wearelikelytofallbehind.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇议论文。要求考生将学生会就青少年对网络语言的看法进行介绍,同时发表自己对使用网络语言的看法。【详解】1.词汇积累目前:atpresent→nowadays执行:conduct→carryout此外:inaddition→additionally→besides→apartfromthat在某人看来:inone’sopinion→personallyspeaking→asfarassb.beconcerned2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句:AccordingtoasurveyconductedbyourStudents’Union,students’opinionsonthisissuearedividedasfollows.拓展句:Accordingtoasurvey,whichwasconductedbyourStudents’Union,students’opinionsonthisissuearedividedasfollows.【点睛】[高分句型1]About35%ofthestudentsholdtheviewthatInternetslangisvividandfashionable.(运用了同位语从句)[高分句型2]However,thereare7%ofthestudentsthinkingInternetslanglacksdepthofthoughtandistoocasual.(运用了现在分词短语作定语)第23页/共23页学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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