新《语音》小教培训讲义

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9.舌尖10.舌前11.舌中12.舌後13.聲帶14.氣管15.鼻腔《英语语音及自然发音法》讲义知识点1:英语语音美式音标Basicinformationaboutphonetics精1.上唇2.下唇3.上海4.下海5.上诙/6.下曲眼7.硬顎8.軟顎美式音标表单元音FrontVowelsCentralVowelsBackVowels/1//i//a//©//u//u//e//e//37/9//o//o//ae//a//a/双元音Diphthongs/ai//au//oi/

1辅音StopsFricativesAffricatesVoicdessMoicedVoicdessVoicedVoicdessVoiced/p//b//f//v/10/d3//t//d//e//d//k//g//s//z//"/3//h/NasalLiquidsGlidesVoicdessVoicedVoicdessVoicedVoicdessVoiced/m//1//w//n//r//j//ノ知识点2:自然发音法及发音组合要领No.］：aei〇ua_ee_ei_eo_eu_eAa:matmapbagcathatfanbatappleEe:eggwellredpennethenbedbellli:licksixbibpigpinkissinkhillOo:oxonoctopusboxsockoperateostrichUu:sunumbrellacupbusnutgununcleundercapenametapelakegamemaketakehate

2theseJapaneseChinesebitefiveninekitemineniceridesiderosenoseropenoteposehomerodethosetubecubeJunecutehuge要领No.2：aiayeeeaeyieighoaowuiueai:tailrainpaintpainjailrailnailmaiday:bayraywaysayhaypayMaylayee:reedseelbeepeeljeepfeetseeteethea:seameatpeanuteaglepeachtealeafpeaey:donkeymonkeyjockeyturkeymonkeyhockeykeytrolleyie:tiepieliedieighrrightsightnighttighthightfighthighsighoa:roadtoasttoadcoalgoatboatcoatsoapow:rainbowpillowyellowwindowbowlrowhollowlowui:suitjuicefruitue:Suebluegluetrue要领No.3：arerirurorar:armcararmchaircardcartfarmparkgardener:sisterbrotherunderroosterwintermermaidmarkermotherir:birthdaycircusdirtybirdcircledirtgirlur:turtlesurfingturkeyfurhurtpursenurseor:porchporkhorsehornfortmorningcornfork要领No.4：ouowoioyauawooooeaou:houseoutmouthcountfountainmountainshoutmouse

3ow:cowtowelclownowlcrownbrownflowertoweroi:coinoilpointnoiseboilsoilpoisoncoiloy:oysterboycowboysoytoyau:augustsausesausagenaughtyautumnapplauseaw:pawdrawsawstrawstrawberrylawnoo:moonzooroofroosterbootsfoodspoonroomcoolfoolboomfoolishoo:bookcookgoodfootlookhookea:headsweatersweatpearleadbearleatherfeather要领No.5：chshwhphththknwrmbchibeachlunchcheesebenchchurchchickenchaircherryshisheepshirtshipfishdishpushshoesshovelwhiwhalewhitewheelwheatwhipwhistlewheelchairwhisperphiphotoelephanttelephonetrophypharmacyalphabetthibrotherfeatherleatherfathermotherthithumbthreebathmatthirstythiefbathmouthteethkniknobkneeknifeknockknitwriwristwrinklewrapwreathwritembithumblambbombcombcrumbnumb要领No.6：blflplclglbrcrgrprfrtrdrbliblueblackblousebloombleachblanketblondehairfl:flatfluflyflameflutefloorflagflowerpkplaneplayplusplanetplatformplumplateplantckclockcloudcleanclayclimbcloseclapclowngkgloveglobeglassglueglassesgliderbr:brightbrookbrimbridebrownbreadbrickbrothercr:crowncrabcream

4crowcrayoncrocodilecrycroissantgr:graygreengrassgrapesgroundgrowgrandmapr:prixepriceprawnpressprinceprincessprayfr:frogfrostFridayFrenchfriesfruitfrontfriendframetr:tractortrucktraintraytreetriangletrunktrolleydr:dreamdrumdrydropdrawdrivedressdrink要领No.7：smsnsiswspstscskallewysm:smilesmallsmellsmokesmoothsn:snowmansnowsnoresnakesnailsneakerssneakerssnacksl:slowslapsleepslideslopesledsw:switchswallowswanswimsweetswingsweatersweatsp:spiderspaceshipspinachspoonspellst:stockingsstorestarstampstormstickstudentstandsc:scarfscooterscannerscarecrowscalescorpionscoopsk:skunkskisskirtskatesalkcalltallfallballwallew:dewfewviewhewnewnephewnewspaper

5y:skyflydryspytypeshycrymyy:Minysunnypuppydizzydirtyponyhappybaby扩充知识点《自然发音法口诀歌》aaapple,bbball,cccat,dddog,eeelephant,fffishThisisphonicssong,becauseIlikethat.ThenamesoflettersareABC,thesoundsoflettersareabc.gggorilla,hhhat,iiigloo,jjjacket,kkkagroo,IIlionLet'sdothephonicssongonemoretime.ThenamesoflettersareEFG,thesoundsoflettersareefg.mmmonkey,nnnose,〇〇octopus,pppain,qqquestion,rrrainThisisphonicssong,areyoureadytosay?ThenamesoflettersareNOP,thesoundsoflettersarenopsssun,11tiger,uuumbrella,vvviolin,wwwatch,xxfoxThisisphonicssong,areyoureadytowrite?ThenamesoflettersareRST,thesoundsoflettersarerstThenamesoflettersareXYZ,thesoundsoflettersarexyz.yyyellow,zzzebra.That'stheendofthephonicssong.知识点3:英语语调语调(intonation),即说话的腔调,就是一句话里声调高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。英语的基本语调包括升调(フ)和降调(ヽ),它们还可以组合成降升调、升降调和升降升调。用不同的语调读句子就会有不同的意思。ー、升调和降调降调:降调的基本含义是"结束""肯定"。常见的一般陈述句、命令祈使句和特殊问句都用降调。使用降调的句子有这样的特点:

61、整个句子的音调从第一个重读音节开始，从高到低,依次递降,在最后ー个重读音节上语调滑落下降。2.若最后一个重读音节后有非重读音节,则它们的语调地平。3.若句子以非重读音节开始,则它们语调低平。4.句子中的非重读音与它前面的重读音基本在同一•音高,或略为下降。快速记忆:重读音节依次递降,句末重读降落下滑。升调:升调的基本含义是:"没有结束"，"不肯定"。常见的一般疑问句用降调。它的特点是:1.整个句子的音调从第一个重读音节开始,从高到低,依次递降,在最后ー个重读音节上语调上升。2.若最后一个重读音节后有非重读音节,则它们依次递升。3.若句子以非重读音节开始,则它们语调低平。4.句中的非重读音与它前面的重读音基本在同一音高，或依次降调。快速记忆：重读音节依次递降,句末重读回升上滑。英语的语调还有降升调、升降调和升降升调。降升调在英语中也比较常用。它常表示“对比""态度保留""有言外之意"。升降调常表示语气强烈、惊奇、自满得意等感情。升降升调常表示自信、欢快、洋洋得意等感情。二、常见句式的语调(-)陈述句的语调。陈述句表示陈述一件事时用降调。例:1.1understand.\2.It'sdifficult.X3.BeijingisthecapitalofChina.ゝ4.Thereisabookonthedesk.X5.Theyaregoingtohaveapicnic.X6.Theballoonsareflyingaway.X

77.Thebirdsaresinginginthetrees.\8.Darningishavingabirthdayparty.ゝ例:l.What'sthis?ゝ3.Whoisyourmother?ゝ5.Whereareyougoing?ゝ练习:l.Whatdoyouwanttoeat?3.Whenarewegoingtoeat?5.WhereisSimon'smum?（二）特殊疑问句的语调。特殊疑问句一般用降调,句首的疑问词一般重读。2.Whatareyoudoing?ゝ4.Whoarethey?\6.Wheredoyoulive?ゝ2.Howmuchisahamburger?4.Whocanhelpme?6.HowdoesAmygotoschool?7.WhenandwherewasHelenKellerborn?（三）感叹句的语调1.感叹句表示强烈感叹时用降调。例:Whatabeautifulcar!\Whatanice\day!Oh,dear!ゝHownice\isit?2.感叹句表示惊奇时用升降调。例:A:Iboughtthisdressfor500dollars.B:500dollars!练习:1.Whatabighouse!2.Howcool!3.Howheavytheboxis!4.Howtallthemanis!5.Whatabeautifuldaytoday!（四）一般疑问句和答语的语调一般疑问句用升调,它的简略回答用降调。例:1.Isthisyourbook?/2.AreyoufromAmerica?/Yes,ゝitis.ゝYes,\Iam.\No,ゝitisn't.ゝNo,ゝIamnot.\练习:1.Hashegotatoyplane?/2.AmIgoingtohaveabirthdayparty?/Yes,ゝhehas.ゝYes,\youare.ゝNo,ゝhehasn't.XNo,\youaren't.X

83.Isitreallyadog?/Yes,itis.XNo,Xitisn't.X（五）选择疑问句的语调。选择疑问句的语调主要有两种:1.在说话人所说的儿项中选择时,前面的选择事项用升调,最后的ー项用降调,中间的连接词如。r用平调。例:Shallwewalk/orgobybike\?我们是走着去还是骑自行车去?Isyourcarblue/,green/,orred\?你的车是蓝色的,绿色的,还是红色的?Doyougotherebybus/orbytaxi\?你坐公共汽车去还是坐出租车去?2.如果还有其他选择说话人没有说出来,说话人说的几项都用升调。例:Shallwewalk/orgobybike/?我们是走着去还是骑自行车去?Isyourcarblue/,green/,orred/?你的车是蓝色的,绿色的,还是红色的?Doyougotherebybus/orbytaxi/?你坐公共汽车去还是坐出租车去?练习:CouldyoucomeMonday/,Tuesday/,orWednesday\?你周一来，还是周二、周三来?Whichcountrywouldyouliketogoto,England/,Canada/,orAmerica\?你想去哪个国家,英国、加拿大还是美国?CouldyoucomeMonday/,Tuesday/,orWednesday/?你周一来，还是周二、周三或是......来?Whichcountrywouldyouliketogoto,England/,Canada/,orAmerica/?你想去哪个国家，英国、加拿大、美国还是......?（六）反意疑问句的语调反意疑问句前一部分用降调,后一部分有两种情况：1.提问者对所提问问题没有把握,希望对方回答时用升调。例：Youwillgotoseefilmsゝ,won't/you/?你是去看电影吗?

9Theywenttothelibrarydidn't/they?/他们是去图书馆吗?1.提问者对所提的问题有很大把握,让对方证实时用降调。例:HeisfromChina\zisn't\he\?他是从中国来吧?Thereareoveronethousandpeopleinthehallゝ,aren'tゝthereゝ?大厅里有1000多人吧?练习:Darningwillhaveabirthdayparty\,won't/he/7大明是下个月举行生日聚会吗?HeisfromCanadaisn't/he/?他是从加拿大来吗?Lilywillstudyabroad\,won'tゝshe\?莉莉要出国留学吧?SheisfromEngland\,isn't\sheX?她是从英国来吧?（七）祈使句的语调1.表示命令,语气强硬的祈使句,句末用降调。Don'topenthedoorX!不许开门!Don'tmakeanymistakesX!别出差错!练习:不要心存侥幸!Don'ttakeanychances!XStandXup!站起来!TakeoffyourcoatX!脱下衣服!ClosethewindowX!关上窗户!2.表示鼓励、态度亲切或客气的请求的祈使句,句末用升调:Don'tworryaboutthat/,不要担心。Helpyourself/,please/,请自便。Standup,please/,晴起立。练习:Comewithus,跟我来吧。Nowlistentomecarefully.现在认真听我说。Givemeacall.给我打电话。Givemybesttoyourfamily.待我向你们全家问好。3.表示恳切的请求,或责备或表示关心的急切警告时用降升调,第一个重读音节用降调,句末用升调。Don'tXopenthedoor/.不要开门。（会冷的）Don't\eatsomuchsugar/,不要吃那么多糖。（糖对身体不好）

10Put\yourcoaton/,把衣服穿上。（外面冷）（八）问候、告别、道谢与道歉时的语调问候1.正常、客气的问候用降调。Goodmorning\.早上女子。Howareyou\7你好吗?Howdoyoudo\?你好!2.熟人、朋友互相问候时,或表示活泼、热情时用升调。Goodmorning/,早上好。Howareyou/?你好吗?告别大部分的告别都用升调。Goodbye/.Seeyoulater/.Goodnight./道谢1.正常的感谢用降调。Thankyouゝ.Thanksalot.ゝThankyouverymuchゝ.2.比较随和的感谢用升调。Thanks/.Thanksalot./Thankyouverymuch/道歉道歉一般用升调或先降后升。Sorry/.I'mゝsorry/.Ido\feelsorry/foryou.Iamsorry\I'mlate/..三、语调进阶语调与说话人所表达的意思,态度、感情密切相关。ー个句子用不同的语调来读,就表达

11不同的意思。如汉语说〃他开会去了。〃就可以有多种语调。用降调表示陈述一件事,用升调表示疑问。英语也是如此。我们前面主要讲了常见句式的基本语调。下面我们主要介绍语调变化所表达的不同意思。(-)陈述句1.陈述句表示疑问用升调。比较:Youknow\.你知道。Youknow/7你知道吗?Heisadoctor\.他是医生。Heisadoctor/?他是医生吗?HehasgonetoLondon\.他去伦敦了。HehasgonetoLondon/?他去伦敦了吗?2.陈述句表示安慰、鼓励和友好时用升调。A:Thisisthepictureofmywifeゝ.B:Oh,sheispretty?.A:MyEnglishissopoorゝ.B:Don'tworry?.I'llhelp?youwithyourEnglish?.3.表示观点有所保留,态度有所怀疑或犹豫,或有言外之意,下文有转折(如but)时用降升调。A:Doyoulikethehouse??你喜欢这个房子吗?B:It'snew.(Butit'ssmall)挺新的。(但是小)A:Let/sgothetheatretomorrow'll.咱们明天去看电影吧。B:Ican'tgotomorrow.(Butanotherdaywilldo)明天不行。(换一天可以)4.用于纠正某人的话或表示相反意见时用降升调。A:Sheisanurseゝ.她是护土。B:AdoctorB是医生。A:Ican'tfinishthetaskゝ.我完不成这个任务。B:Youcan,你能。(-)特殊疑问句1.当提问过一次问题后,因没听清或没听懂对方的回答而又提问了一次问题时,用升调:A:Whenwillyoucomeback'll?你什么时候回来?

12A:InJanuary、e一月A:Whenwillyoucomeback??你什么时候回来?A:What'syourname、?你叫什么名字?B:MynameisAmy、.我叫埃米。A:DidyousayyournamewasAmyTi?你是说你叫埃米吗?2.重复对方的问话以得到证实得疑问句用升调:A:Whenwillthemeetingbegin\i?会议什么时候开?B:Whenwillthemeetingbegin??会议什么时候开?（表示你是不是问会议什么时候开始。）3.表示对所提问题很感兴趣的特殊疑问句常用升调。A:Ihadatripontheweekend、,我周末旅行了〇B:Wheredidyougo??你去哪里了?A:Iboughtacar、.我买了一辆车。B:What'syourcar?like?你的车什么样?4.如果提问时表示温和的态度用升调。Howisyourmother??（三）长句的语调1.列举并列的几项事物时,前面的事物用升调,后面的事物用降调。Iliketogoswimmingduringweekendsorholidays.我喜欢周末或假期游泳。Thereisabook,twonotebooksandapenonthedesk.桌子上有一本书,两个笔记本和一支钢笔。2.句首状语一般为升调。Afterdinner?I'llvisitmyuncle、.晚饭后我要看我叔叔。Arrivingatthestation?,wefoundthetraingone、.到了车站我们发现火车走了。WhenIwalkedintotheroom?,thetelephonerang、.我走进屋子时,电话响了。3.主语比较长或为主语从句时,用升调。Whatwewantisplentyoftime.我们需要的是充足的时间。

13ThemancarryingaboxisJack'sbrother.那个拿着盒子的人是杰克的哥哥。4.并列句的两个部分意思联系紧密,前ー个分句用升调,后ー个分句用降调。Heopenedthedoor2andMarywalkedゝin.他打开门,玛丽走了进来。TheleftcupisyoursZandtherightoneismine'll.左边的杯子是你的，右边的是我的。5.并列句的两个部分联系不紧密,或具有同等重要性时,两个分句都用降调。Wemuststartゝnoworwellbelateゝ.我们必须现在出发,不然就晚了。I'llgotoAmerica'S!andMarywillgotoBritain's）.我要去美国,玛丽要去英国。扩充练习小学英语主要句型分类复习指导（3-6年级）I询问姓名、年龄。（复习代词）1,•一What'syourname?一你叫什么名字?--一Mynameis.---ー我ロリ〇2,--Howoldareyou?"ー你几岁了?二What'syourage?--I'm12'一ー我十二岁。II询问颜色。（复习颜色类词,颜色与心情的关系等）1,--Whatcolourisit?-―它是什么颜色的?--一It'syellowandwhite.--一黄白相间。2,・一Whatcolourarethey?--它们是什么颜色的?--They'regreen,ーー绿色的。II!询问数量或价钱。（复习数词）1,---Howmanykitescanyousee?一一你可以看见几只风筝?—Icansee12.一一我可以看见十二只风筝。2,・一Howmanycrayonsdoyouhave?--你有多少支彩笔?--Ihave16.—我有十六支。

143,・―Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?―一你家有儿口人?一Three.•一三口人。Howmuch+不可数名词+.・・.?4,・ーHowmuchisthisdress?（expensive,dear/cheap）这件连衣裙多少钱?=What'sthepriceofthisdress?（high/low）--一It'sninety-nineyuan.•一・九十九兀。5,・一Howmucharetheseapples?■…这些苹果多少钱?--一They'rethirty-fiveyuan.--ー二十五兀。IV询问时间或日期。（分类复习时间表达,星期,月份,序数词,节日）1,----Whattimeisitnow?----现在儿点钟?----It'snineo'clock.It'stimefor/tohaveEnglishclass.----九点。该上英语课了。It'seighto'clock.It'stimetogotobed.---・ハ点。该上床睡觉了。2,----Whatdayisittoday?----今天星期儿?---It/sMonday.--一星期ー。（•一-WhatdowehaveonMondays?（一一我们星期ー上哪些课?•一-WehaveChinese,English,math…）一语文、英语、数学）3,---Whenisyourbirthday?ーー你的生日是什么时候?--It'sOctober1st,ourNationalDay.----十月一日,国庆节。4,---Whendoyoudomorningexercises?---你们什么时候做早锻炼?—-Iusuallydomorningexercisesat8:30.---我们通常8：30做早锻炼。V询问方位或地方。（结合介词专项练习题）1,---Whereismytoycar?--我的玩具汽车在哪儿?--It'shere,underthechair,ーー在这儿,在椅子下面。2,---Whereisthecanteen?一--餐厅在哪儿?---It'sonthefirstfloor.--在——楼。3,--Wherearethekeys?--钥匙在哪儿?一--They'reinthedoor.•一-在门上。4,・一Excuseme.Whereisthelibrary,please?--对不起,请问图书馆在哪儿?—It'snearthepostoffice.-ー在邮局附近。

151,--Whereareyoufrom?—你从哪儿来?--I'mfromChina.--我从中国来。6,・ーWheredoestheraincomefrom?--雨是从哪儿来的?—Itcomesfromtheclouds.・--它是从云层里来的。VI询问想吃的东西。（分类复习食品,饮料,水果,蔬菜,肉类词汇）1,--Whatwouldyoulikeforbreakfast/lunch/dinner?—你早餐/中餐/晚餐想吃点什么?--I'dlikesomebreadandmilk/riceandsoup.—我想吃面包和牛奶/米饭和汤。2,--What'sforbreakfast/lunch/dinner?--早餐/中餐/晚餐吃什么?--Hamburgersandorangejuice.—汉堡包和橙汁。3,Whatdoyouhaveforforbreakfast/lunch/dinner?Ihave...你吃什么?4,Whatdoyoulikeforforbreakfast/lunch/dinner?Ilike...你喜欢吃什么?VII询问天气状况。1,--What'stheweatherlikeinBeijing?--北京的天气如何?=How'stheweather/inBeijing?--It'srainytoday.HowaboutNewYork?--今天是雨天。纽约呢?—It'ssunnyandhot.•一今天是晴天,天气很热。VIII询问身体状况或情绪。（复习患病看病,人体感觉的词汇）1,--Howdoyoufeel?—你感觉如何?—Ifeelsick.--我觉得不舒服。2,--What'sthematterwith....?--怎么了?--Mythroatissore./Ihaveasorethroat.—我的喉咙疼。3,--Howareyou,Sarah?Youlooksohappy.—你好吗,莎拉?你看起来这么伤心。--Ifailedthemathtest.—我的数学考试没有通过。IX询问职业、身份或人物。（分类复习外貌,职业,性格类词汇）1,—What'syourfather/mother?—你的父亲/母亲是做什么的?=Whatdoesyourfather/motherdo?=What'syourfather's/mother'sjob,?—He'sadoctor./She'sateacher.—他是一名医生。/她是一名教师。2,・一Whatdoesyourmother/fatherdo?-―你的母亲/父亲是做什么的?--一She'saTVreporter./He'sateacher.HeteachesEnglish.一・她是一名电视台记者。/他是一名教师。他教英语。

162,--Who'sthatman/woman?—那位男士/女士是谁?--He/smyfather./She'smymother.--他是我父亲。7她是我母亲。3,———Who'sthisboy/girl?———那个男孩丿し/女孩儿是谁?—He'smybrother./She'smysister.--他是我兄弟。/她是我姐妹。5,・ーWho'syourartteacher?—你们的美术老师是谁?—MissWang.--王老师。6,--What'sshelike?—她长什么样儿?—She/syoungandthin.—她很年轻、苗条。X询问兴趣、喜好。（复习季节及其特点,likedoingsth）レーWhat'syourfavouritefood/drink?—你最喜欢的食物/饮料是什么?—Fish/orangejuice.—鱼。/橙汁。2,--What'syourfavouriteseason?—你最喜欢的季节是什么?—Winter.-―冬天。—Whichseasondoyoulikebest?--你最喜欢哪个季节?—Winter.）--冬天。—Whydoyoulikewinter?--你为什么喜欢冬天?•一BecauseIcanmakeasnowman.--因为可以堆雪人。3,・一What'syourhobby?--你的爱好是什么?—Ilikecollectingstamps.—我喜欢集邮。—What'shishobby?—他的爱好是什么?—Helikesridingabike.--他喜欢骑自行车。4,・一Doyoulikepeaches?■…你喜欢吃桃子吗?--Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.-—喜欢。/不・吕欢。XI询问平时一般或通常做的事情。（动词单三形式的变化及时间标志词,3-6年级的动词词组复习汇总）1,--WhatdoyoudoonSaturdays/ontheweekends?----你星期六/周末一般做什么?--Iusuallydomyhomework.SometimesIplayfootball.—我通常做作业,有时候踢足球。XII询问正在

17做的事情。（现在分词的变化构成及时间标志词）1,--Whatareyoudoing?一一你在做什么?—I'mdoingthedishes.ーー我在洗盘子。2Z--What'syourfatherdoing?---你父亲正在做什么?--He'swritingane-mail.--ー他正在写电子邮件。3,---What'sMikedoing?——迈克正在干什么?--He'swatchinginsects.---他正在观察昆虫。4,---What'sthetigerdoing?-ー那只老虎在干什么?--It'srunning.-ー它在奔跑。5,---Whataretheelephantsdoing?---那些大象在干什么?--They'redrinking.-ー它们正在喝水。XIII询问将要做的事情。（将来时间标志词）1,---Whatareyougoingtodo?---你准备做什么?--I'mgoingtothecinema.---我准备去看电影。--Whenareyougoingtodo?---你准备什么时候去?--Thisafternoon.---今天下午。2,---Whereareyougoingthisafternoon?--今天下午你准备到哪儿去?—I'mgoingtothebookstore.—--我准备至リ书店去。---Whatareyougoingtobuy?---你打算买点儿什么?—I'mgoingtobuyacomicbook.--我准备买本漫画书。XIV询问曾经做过或发生过的事情（复习动词过去式及时间标志词）1、Wheredidyoulastweekend?你上周末到哪儿去了?IwenttoBeijing.我去北京了。2、Howdidyougothere?你怎么去的?Iwentbytrain.我乘火车去的。3、Whatdidyoudothere?你在那儿做了些什么?Iwentshopping,我去购物了©

18知识点4:小学英语单词教学及单词记忆小学英语单词分类表ー、学习用品(schoolthings)pen/pen/钢笔pencil/'pensl/铅笔pencil-case/'penslkeis/铅笔盒ruler/'ru:l/尺子book/buk/书bag/baeg/包nose/nauz/鼻子mouth/mau9Z嘴eye/ai/眼睛ear/ia/耳朵arm/a:m/手臂hand/haend/手finger/'fioga/手指leg/leg/腿tail/teil/尾巴三、颜色(colours)red/red/红blue/blu:Z蓝yellow/'jelau/黄green/gri:n/绿white/wait/白black/blaek/黑pink/pigk/粉红purple/'pa:pl/紫orange/blind”橙brown/braun/棕四、动物(animals)cat/kaet/猫dog/dig/狗pig/pig/猪duck/dAk/鸭rabbit/'raebit/兔子postcard/paustka:d/明信片newspaper/'nju:z,peipa/报纸schoolbag/skulbaeg/书包eraser/i'reisa/橡皮crayon/'kreian/蜡笔sharpener/'Jcrpana/卷笔刀story-book/'stD：ri]buk/故事书notebook/'nautbuk/笔记本Chinesebook/'t/ai'nLz/语文书Englishbook/'ir)glij/英语书mathsbook/mae9s/数学书magazine/,maega'zi:n/杂志newspaper/'nju:z,peipa/报纸dictionary/'dik/aneri/词典二、身体部位(body)foot/fut/脚head/hed/头face/feis/脸hair/ha/头发

19horse/h3：s/马girl/ga:l/女孩elephant/'elifant/大象mother/'mAda/母亲ant/aent/蚂蚁father/'fa:da/父亲fish/fij/鱼sister/'sista/姐妹bird/ba:d/鸟brother/'brASa/兄弟snake/sneik/蛇uncle/'Aijkl/叔叔mouse/maus/鼠man/maen/男人kangaroo/.kaegga'ru:/袋鼠woman/'wuman/女人monkey/'mArgki/猴子Mr先生Miss小姐panda/'paends/熊猫lady/'leidi/女士bear/bEa/熊mom/m〉m/妈妈lion/'laian7狮dad/daed/爸爸tiger/'taiga/老虎parents/'psarants/父母fox/bks/狐狸grandma/'graendma:/zebra/'zi:bra/斑马grandmother/'graend.mAda/（外）祖母deer/dia/鹿grandpa/'graendpa:/giraffe/dj'rcrf/长颈鹿grandfather/'graend.fa:da/（外）祖父goose/gu:s/鹅aunt/a:nt/阿姨hen/hen/母鸡cousin/'kAzn/堂兄妹turkey/'ta:ki/火鸡son/sAn/儿子lamb/laem/小羊baby/'beibi/婴儿sheep/fi:pZ绵羊kid/kid/小孩goat/gaut/山羊classmate/'kla:smeit/同学cow/kau/奶牛queen/'kwi:n/女shark/'Ja:kZ鲨鱼visitor/'vizitaZ参观者seal/si:l/海豹neighbour/'neiba/邻居五、人物（people）principal/'prinsapal/校长friend/frend/朋友penpal/penpael/笔友boy/bDi/男孩tourist/'tu:rist/旅行者

20jam/d^aem/果酱biscuit/'biskit/饼干sausage/'sisidm/香肠sandwich/'saendwitj*/三明治dumplings/'dAmpliij/饺子Frenchfries/frentffraiz/薯条meat/mi:t/肉chicken/'tJikin/鸡肉mutton/'mAtn/羊肉beef/bi:f/牛肉pork/p3：k/猪肉fish/fij/鱼hamburger/'haemba:ga/汉堡hotdog/hotdig/热狗noodles/'nu：dl/面条soup/su:p/汤salad/'saelad/沙拉milk/miIk/牛奶water/'w3：ta/水ice-cream/aiskri:m/冰淇淋cola/'ksula/可乐juice/d3U：s/果汁tea/ti:/茶coffee/'kofi/咖啡fruit/fru:t/水果apple/'aepl/苹果banana/bs'ncrnm/香蕉pear/pea/梨orange/'）：rind^/橙people/'pi:pl/人物robot/'raubDt/机器人六、职业（jobs）teacher/'ti:tj3Z教师student/'stju:dant/学生doctor/'dDkta/医生nurse/na:s/护土driver/'draiva/司机farmer/'fa:ma/农民singer/'siqa/歌唱家writer/'raita/作家artist/'a:tist/画家actor/'aekta/男演员actress/'aektris/女演员TVreporter/ri'p3：ta/电视台记者engineer/.end^i'nia/工程师policeman/pa'li:sman/（男）警察salesperson/'seilz,pa:sn/销售员cleaner/'kli:na/清洁エbaseballplayer/'beis,b:）:「pleia/棒球运动员assistant/a'sistant/售货员七、食品（foodanddrink:）breakfast/'brekfast/早餐lunch/lAntf/中餐dinner/'dina/晚餐egg/eg/鸡蛋rice/rais/米饭cake/keik/蛋糕bread/bred/面包

21watermelon/'wD：t9,melan/西瓜grape/greip/葡萄cherry/'tferi/樱桃lemon/'leman/柠檬mango/'maerjgau/芒果coconut/'ksuksnAt/椰子peach/pi:tj/桃strawberry/'stn:bari/草莓vegetable/'vedsitabl/蔬菜eggplant/'egpla:nt/茄子greenbeans/gri:nbi:ns/青豆tomato/ta'meitsu/西红柿potato/pa'teitsu/土豆cucumber/'kju:kamba/黄瓜onion/'Anjan/洋葱pea/pi:Z豌豆carrot/'kaerat/胡萝卜cabbage/'kaebids/卷心菜pumpkin/'pAmpkin/南瓜sweetpotato/swi:tpa'teitau/红薯ハ、衣服(clothes)jacket/'d^aekit/夹克衫shirt//a:t/衬衫T-shirtT恤衫skirt/ska:t/短裙子dress/dres/连衣裙jeans/djiinz/牛仔裤pants/paents/trousers/'trauzaz/裤子socks/S3ks/袜子shoes/Ju:z/鞋子sweater/'sweta/毛衣coat/kaut/外套raincoat/'reinkaut/雨衣shorts/J3：ts/短裤sandals/'saendl/凉鞋boots/bu:ts/靴子hat/haet/有边帽cap/kaep/无边帽tie/tai/领带sunglasses/'SAnglcrsiz/太阳镜scarf/ska:f/围巾gloves/glAVz/手套九、交通工具(vehicles)bike/baik/自行车bus/bAS/公共汽车train/trein/火车boat/baut/小船ship/Jip/轮船yacht/jjt/快艇car/ka:/小汽车taxi/'taeksi/出租车jeep/d$i:p/吉普车van/vaenZ小货车plane/plein/匕机subway/'SAbwei/地铁motorcycle/'mauta'saikl/摩托车十、杂物(otherthings)window/'windau/窗户door/d)：/fJdesk/desk/课桌chair/tjsa/椅子bed/bed/床computer/kam'pju:ta/计算机board/bid/写字板fan/faen/风扇light/lait/灯mirror/'mirsZ镜子teacher'sdesk/'ti：tj"adesk/讲台picture/'piktja/图画photo/'fautau/照片wall/W3：l/墙壁floor/flo:/地板football/'futbD：l/足球present/'preznt/gift/gift/礼物

22walkman/'w3：kman/随身听lamp/laemp/台灯phone/faun/电话sofa/'saufaZ沙发shelf/feIf/书架fridge/frids/冰箱table/'teibl/桌子air-conditioner/wakan'dijana/空调key/ki:Z钥匙lock/bk/锁plate/pleit/盘子knife/naif/刀fork/fD：k/叉spoon/spu:n/勺子chopsticks/'t/Dpstiks/筷子pot/pot/锅toy/tDi/玩具doll/dゴ/洋娃娃ball/bD：l/球balloon/ba'lu:n/气球kite/kait/风筝jigsawpuzzle/'dgigsD：'pA2lZ拼图游戏box/bDks/盒子umbrella/Am'brela/伞zipper/'zipaZ拉链violin/,vaia'lin/小提琴nest/nest/鸟窝hole/haul/洞toothbrush/'tu:6brAj/牙刷menu/'menju:/菜单e-card/ka:d/电子卡片e-mail/meil/电子邮件money/'mAni/钱trafficlight/'traefik[ait/交通灯medicine/'medisin/药H—、地点(locations)home/haum/家room/ru：m/房间bedroom/'bedrum/卧室bathroom/'baeerum/卫生间livingroom/'livir]ru:m/起居室/客厅kitchen/'kitjin/厨房classroom/'kla:srum/教室school/sku:l/学校park/pa:k/公园library/'laibrari/图书馆postoffice/paustb:fis/邮政局hospital/'h^spitl/医院cinema/'sinima/电影院bookstore/'bukstD：Z书店farm/fa:mZ农场zoo/zu:/动物园garden/'ga:dn/花园playground/'pleigraund/操场canteen/kaen'ti:nZ餐厅teacher'soffice/'D：fis/教师办公室gym/dsim/体育馆washroom/'wDjrum/盥洗室artroom/a:tru:m/美术室computerroom/kam'pju:ta/电脑房musicroom/'mju:zik/音乐教室TVroom电视房flat/flaet/公寓company/'kAmpani/公司factory/'faektari/エ厂petshop/petJop/宠物店sciencemuseum/'saiansmju:'ziam/

23科学博物馆theGreatWall/greitwd:I/长城supermarket/'sju:pa,ma:kit/超市bank/baegk/银行country/'kAntri/乡村village/'vilids/村庄city/'siti/城市十二、气象(weather)cold/kauld/冷的hot/hnt/热的warm/wD：m/温暖的cool/ku:l/凉爽的snowy/snaui/下雪的sunny/'SAni/晴朗的rainy/'reini/下雨windy/'windi/刮风的cloudy/'klaudi/多云的weatherreport/'wedari'p3：t/天气预报十三、景物(nature)river/'rivs/河流lake/leik/湖泊stream/stri:mZ小溪forest/'brist/森林path/pa:0Z小路road/raud/马路house/raud/房子bridge/bridj/桥building/'bildirj/建筑物rain/rein/雨cloud/klaud/云

24sun/SAn/太阳mountain/'mauntin/大山sky/skai/天空rainbow/'reinbau/彩虹wind/waind/风air住空气十四、植物（plants）flower/'flaua/花grass/gra:s/草treeハri:/树seed/si:d/种子leaf/li:f/树叶plant/pla:nt/植物rose/rauz/玫瑰十五、星期（week）Monday/'mAndei/星期ーTuesday/'tju:zdi/星期二Wednesday/wenzdi/星期三Thursday/'0a:zdi/星期四Friday/'fraidi7星期五Saturday/'saetadi7星期六Sunday/'SAndi/星期日weekend/'wikend/周末十六、月份（months）January/'dgaenjueri/一月February/'februari/二月March/ma:tj/三月April/'eipral/四月May/mei/五月June/d3U：n/六月July/d^u/lai/七月August/3：'gASt7丿l月September/sep'temba/九月October/Dk'tauba/十月November/nau'vemba/十一月December/di'semba/十二月十七、季节（seasons）spring/sprir）/summer/'SAma/fall/autumn/fo:!blam/winter/'winta/十八、方位（directions）south/sau。/南north/ro:。/北east/i:st/东west/west/西left/left/左right/rait/右十九、患病（illness）haveafever/'fi:va/发高烧hurt/ha:t/疼痛haveacold/kauld/伤风haveatoothache/'tuCei/オ疼haveaheadache/'hedeik/头疼haveasorethroat/so:Brmut/喉咙疼haveastomachache/'stAmakeik/胃痛二十、数词（numbers）one一

25two二third第二three三fourth第四four四fifth第五five五sixth第六six六seventh第七seven七eighth第ハeightハnine九ninth第九tenth第十ten十eleventh第十一elevenH—twelfth第十二twelve十二二H、形容词（adj.）thirteen十二big/big/大的fourteen十四small/sm1/小的fifteen十五long/Iユり/长的sixteen十六tallハユ1/髙的seventeen十七short/bt/短的eighteen十ノ1young/jAt]/年轻的nineteen十九old/auld/老的twenty二十strong/stoロ/强壮的thirty三十thin/Bin/瘦的forty四十fifty五十sixty六十active/'aektiv/积极的quiet/'kwaiat/安静的nice/nais/好的seventy七十kind/kaind/善良的eighty八十strict/strikt/严格的ninety九十smart/sma:t/聪明的hundred/'hAndr己d/-白ーfirst第一funny/'fAni/滑稽的sweet/swi:t/甜的second第二salty/'s):lti/咸的

26sour/'saua/酸的fresh/fre〃新鲜favourite/'feivarit/最喜欢的clean/kli:n/干净的tired/'taiad/累的excited/ik'saitid/兴奋的angry/'aer]gri/生气的happy/'haepi/高兴的bored/bid/无聊的sad/saed/难过的taller更高的shorter更短的stronger更强壮的older更老的younger更年轻的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更长的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的better更好的higher更高的fine/fain/好的great/greit/棒的heavy/'hevi/重的new/nju:/新的fat/feet/胖的right/rait/对的hungry/'hArjgri/饿的cute/kju:t/可爱的little/'litl/小的lovely/'lAvli/可爱的beautiful/'bju:tafal/漂亮的colourful/'kAlaful/五颜六色的pretty/'priti/漂亮的cheapハJi:p/便宜的expensive/iks'pensiv/贵的juicy/'d^irsi/有汁的healthy/'heI6i/健康的helpful/'helpfal/有帮助的high/hai/高的easy/'i:zi/简单的proud/praud/骄傲的二十二、介词（prep.）in在......里面on在……上面under/'Anda/在......下面near/nia/在......附近behind/bi'haind/在...…后面nextto在......旁边over/3uva/悬在......上面infrontof/frAnt/在......前面二十三、代词（pron.）l/ai/我we/wi:/我们you/ju：/你,你们he/hi:/他

27she/ji:/她it/it/它they/3ei/他们my/mai/我的〇ur/'aum/我们的your/ju》/你的,你们的his/hiz/他的her/hm:/她的二十四、动词(verb.)play/plei/玩swim/swim/游泳skate/skeit/溜冰fly/flai/飞jump/d3Amp/跳walkAvコ:k/走run/rAn/跑climb/klaim/爬fight/fait/打架swingハwiロ/荡秋千eatハ:t/吃sleep/sli:p/睡觉like/laik/喜欢have/haev/有buy/bai/买take/teik/拍(照),带live/liv/居住teach/ti：tj/教go/gau/istudy/'stAdi/学习learn/la:n/学习sing/siり/唱歌dance/da:ns/跳舞row/rau/划readbooks读书dohomework做作业watchTV/W3t_fZ看电视cookthemeals/kukmi:l/烧菜watertheflowers/'flaua/浇花sweepthefloor/swi:pfb:/拖地cleanthebedroom/kli:n'bedrum/打扫房间makethebed铺床叠被setthetable/'teibl/摆餐桌washtheclothes/wdJklauBz/洗衣服washthedishes/dij/洗盘子useacomputer/kam'pju:ta/用电脑domorningexercises/'m3：nir]'eksasaiz/做早操eatbreakfast/i:ビbrekfast/吃早餐eatdinner/'dina/吃晚饭gotoschool去」ニ学haveEnglishclass上英语课playsports/pleispits/体育运动getup起床climbmountains/klaim'mauntins/爬山goshopping去购物playthepiano/pi'aenauZ弹钢琴visitgrandparents/'vizit'graend.pearant/拜访祖父母

28smell/smel/闻feed/fi:d/喂milk/milk/挤牛奶look/lukZ看guess/ges/猜help/help/帮助pass/pa:sZ传递show/Jsu/展示,给……看use/ju:z/用clean/kli:n/打扫open/'aupan/打开close/klauz/关put/put/放read/ri:dZ读,看write/rait/写paint/peint/画画tell/tel/告诉kick/kik/踢ride/raid/骑stop/stop/停wait/weitZ等find/faind/找drive/draiv/驾驶fold/fauId/折叠send/send/送,寄wash/wdJ/洗shine/Jain/照耀become/bi'kAm/变成feel/fi:l/感觉gohiking/haikZ去远.足flykites/flaikaits/放风筝makeasnowman/meikksnau,maen/堆雪人planttrees/pla:nttri:z/植树drawpictures/drj：'pikt/az/Biljcookdinner/kuk'dina/烧晚饭readabook读书answerthephone/'a:ns9faun/接电话listentomusic/'lisn'mju:zik/听音乐cleantheroom打扫房间writealetter/rait'leta/写信writeane-mail写电子邮件drinkwater/drirjk'wD：ta/喝水takepictures/teik'piktja/拍照片pickupleaves/pikApli:vz/摘树叶writeareport/raitri'p3：t/写报告playchess/tfes/下棋haveapicnic/'piknik/野餐getto到达rideabike/raidbaik/骑自行车playtheviolin/.vaia'lin/拉小提琴collectstamps/ka'lektstaemp/集由Bmeet/mi:t/遇见welcorne/'welkam/欢迎thank/Qaerjk/谢谢work/wa:k/工作drink/drigk/喝taste/teist/尝

29think/0ir]k/想二十五、疑问词fall/b:l/掉下what什么leave/li:v/离开whatcolour什么颜色wakeup/weikAp/醒过来whattime丿し点puton身上whatday星期儿takeoff脱下how怎样hangup/haegAp/挂起来howold年龄多大、儿岁wear/waa/穿howmany多少gohome回家howmuch多少钱gotobed去睡觉howtall多高playcomputergameshowheavy多重/kam'pju:tageims/玩电脑游戏howlong多长playchess/tfes/下棋howbig多大dohousework/'hauswa:k/做家务howlarge/haul。:*/面积多大emptythetrash/'emptitraej/倒垃圾who/hu:Z谁putawaytheclothes/kbud/放好衣服when/hwen/什么时候getoff下车whose/hu:z7谁的takeatripハrip/去郊游where/hWE己/在哪里readamagazine/,maeg3‘zi:n/读杂志why/hwai/为什么gotothecinema/'sinima/去电影院which/hwitJ7哪ー个