2023届高三英语总复习 人教版2019必修3 Unit4 Space Exploration（教师版）

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Unit4SpaceExploration重点词汇阅读单词1．proceduren．程序；步骤；手续2．cmabbr.(centimetreorcentimeter)厘米3．rocketn．火箭；火箭弹4．gravityn．重力；引力5．frontiern．边境；国界；边远地区6．vehiclen．交通工具；车辆7．satelliten．人造卫星；卫星8．orbitn．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行9．giantadj.巨大的；伟大的n．巨人；巨兽；伟人10．leapn．跳跃；剧增；剧变(leapt，leapt/lept/orleaped，leaped)vi.&vt.跳过；跃过11．agencyn．(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处12．transmitvt.&vi.传输；发送13．datan．[pl.]资料；数据14．ongoingadj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的15．spacecraftn．航天器；宇宙飞船16．spacewalkn．太空行走；太空行走的时间17．jaden．玉；翡翠；玉器18．dockvi.&vt.(两架航天器)对接；(使)……进港n．码头；船坞19．sufficientadj.足够的；充足的20．microwaven．(alsomicrowaveoven)微波炉21．tissuen．纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织22．facilityn．设施；设备23．fataladj.致命的；灾难性的24．high-endadj.高端的25．foamn．泡沫橡胶；泡沫26．pillown．枕头27．mysteryn．神秘事物；谜28．oxygenn．氧；氧气29．theUSSRabbr.theUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics苏联30．NASAabbr.NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(美国)国家航空与航天局31．theInternationalSpaceStation国际空间站32．Marsn．火星

133．Jupitern．木星重点单词1．astronautn．宇航员；太空人2．mentaladj.精神的；思想的3．universen．宇宙；天地万物4．launchvt.&n．发射；发起；上市5．mankindn．人类6．signalvt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n．信号；标志7．recyclevt.回收利用；再利用8．musclen．肌肉；实力；影响力9．floatvi.浮动；漂流；漂浮vt.使浮动；使漂流10．otherwiseadv.否则；要不然11．beyondprep.在更远处；超出12．soapn．肥皂13．toweln．毛巾；抹布14．keenadj.热衷的；渴望的15．globen．地球；世界；地球仪16．shallowadj.肤浅的；浅的17．patternn．模式；图案；模范18．monitorn．监视器；监测仪vt.监视；监测；监控19．smartphonen．智能手机20．resourcen．资源；财力；物力21．attachvt.系；绑；贴词汇拓展1．intelligentadj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligencen．智慧2．determinedadj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determinevt.查明；确定；决定→determinationn．决心；果断3．disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointvt.使失望→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn．失望；沮丧4．desiren．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望→desiredadj.渴望的，想要的5．independentadj.独立的；自立的→independentlyadv.独立地；自立地→independencen．独立；自立→dependvi.依靠6．lackvt.缺乏；没有n．缺乏；短缺→lackingadj.缺乏的；不足的7．arguevt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论→argumentn．争论；争吵；论点8．analysisn．(对事物的)分析；分析结果→analyz(s)ev．分析

29．regularadj.定期的；经常的；正常的→regularlyadv.有规律地；经常；定期地10．limitedadj.有限的→limitlessadj.无限的→limitvt.&n．限制重点词组1．carryon继续做，坚持干2．onboard在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上3．inthehopeofdoingsth.抱着……的希望4．soasto(dosth.)为了；以便5．figureout弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白6．resultin导致；造成7．asaresult所以；结果(是)8．provideforsb.提供生活所需9．inclosing最后10．runout用完；耗尽重点句型1．Afterwards，theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace，andon12April1961，YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。2．Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed，butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的欲望从未消失过。3．Despitethedifficulties，scientistshopefuturediscoverieswillnotonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebegan，butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.尽管有许多困难，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，而且还能帮助我们更好地生存到未来。4．Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有的东西粘在一起，否则所有的东西都会漂走。5．Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoaltoachieve.把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。知识精讲知识点01disappointedadj.失望的，沮丧的先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Peopleweredisappointedthenewsthatthesatellitehadbeenlaunchedunsuccessfully.

3(2)Onebyone，theapplicantslefttheinterviewer’sofficewith(disappoint)looksontheirfaces.(3)Muchtomy(disappoint)，Ifoundhehadtoldalietohismother.【答案】1.at/by/with2.disappointed3.disappointment•bedisappointedat/with/by...对……失望bedisappointedtodosth.对做某事失望bedisappointedthat...对……失望•disappointvt.使失望/沮丧•disappointingadj.令人失望的•disappointmentn．失望，沮丧toone’sdisappointment令某人失望的是再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵(4)对结果感到失望，他忍不住哭了起来。Disappointedattheresult，hecouldn’thelpcrying.知识点2desiren．渴望；欲望；愿望vt.渴望；期望；想望先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Theboyhasastrongdesireasmartphonewithalargeinternalmemorytoplaygames.(2)Theteacherdesiredthatalltheexercises(hand)inbeforeschoolwasover.(3)Sinceyouhaveastrongdesire(learn)Chineseculture，IthinkBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversityisanidealplaceforyou.(2019·北京)【答案】1.for2.(should)behanded3.tolearn•haveadesiretodosth.渴望做某事haveadesireforsth.渴望得到某物•desiretodosth.渴望做某事desiresb.todosth.渴望某人做某事desirethat...(should)do...渴望……再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵(4)他母亲希望他长大后成为一名建筑师。①Hismotheranarchitectafterhegrewup.②Hismotherdesiredthatanarchitectafterhegrewup.【答案】1.desiredhimtobe/become2.he(should)be/become知识点3signalv．标志着；标明；发信号

4n．信号；标志；预示；信号灯先练基础——单句语法填空(1)We(signal)tothedriverinthehopeofstoppinghimbeforehefellintotheriver.(2)Amanstoodupandcrossedhisarmsoverhishead，(signal)thathewasstronglyopposed.(3)Justlikethetrafficitself，thetimingofthe(signal)changes.【答案】1.signalled2.signalling3.signals•signal(to)sb.todosth.示意某人做某事signal(sb.)that示意(某人)……•trafficsignals交通信号灯再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵(4)司机匆忙把伤者送到了医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号。(读后续写动作描写)Thedriverrushedtheinjuredtothehospitalimmediately，ignoringthetrafficsignalsalltheway.知识点4onboard在船(车、飞机等)上；在宇宙飞船上先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Thepassengersboardaredisappointedatthecurrentaccommodationontheship.(2)SixmonthsagoXieLeisaidgoodbyetoherfamilyandfriendsinChinaand(board)aplaneforLondon.(3)Thehurricanewassostrongthatallthepassengers(board)theshipfellintotheriver.【答案】1.on2.boarded3.aboard•boardn．板；木板；委员会；董事会；伙食；膳食•boardv．登上(船、车、飞机等)；寄宿boardaship/plane/train登上船/飞机/火车boardinaforeignfamily寄宿在一个外国家庭aboardingschool寄宿制学校•aboardadv.&prep.在船(飞机、火车等)上；上船(飞机、火车等)goaboard上船(飞机、火车等)•abroadadv.在国外；到国外goabroad出国再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵(4)通过寄宿在一个外国家庭里，你可以更好地了解这个国家的文化习俗。(应用文之建议信)Byboardinginaforeignfamily，youcanhaveabetterunderstandingofthiscountry’scultureandcustoms.知识点5lackvt.缺乏；缺少；没有n．缺乏；短缺

5先练基础——单句语法填空(1)(lack)sufficientoxygen，theastronautcouldnotcarryonwithhismission.(2)Later，heworkedinAfrica，wheremanypeoplesufferedfromblindnessforlackpropertreatment.(3)Itisobviousthattheyounggirlis(lack)inusefulskills.【答案】1.Lacking2.of3.lacking•(a)lackof缺少……for/throughlackof因缺少……•lackingadj.不足的；缺乏的belackingin在……方面缺乏再提能力——完美写作·句式升级·背诵(4)ThoughJacklackedexperience，hemadeupforitinenthusiasm.Thoughlackingexperience，Jackmadeupforitinenthusiasm.(用省略句改写)知识点6arguevt.&vi.争论；争辩；论证先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Heoftenargueshissonrecyclingwatersoastocutdownthewaterbill.(2)Somepeopleargueweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyexploringspace.(3)Mostofthemembersarguedhisplan，whichmadehimsatisfied.(4)Whydidhehavean(argue)withhiswifeyesterday?(5)Theyarguedhimwithdrawinghiscomplaint.【答案】1.with，about/over2.that3.for4.argument5.into•arguewithsb.about/oversth.因某事与某人争吵/争论arguefor/against(doing)sth.据理赞成/反对(做)某事arguethat...主张……，认为……arguesb.into/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事•argumentn．争论；争辩；争吵；论点再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵(6)60%的受采访者支持垃圾分类并且声称他们也会在日常生活中这么做。(议论文)60%oftheintervieweesargueforrubbishclassificationandclaimthattheywilldothisintheirdailylife.知识点7attachv.系；绑；贴；把……固定；重视先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Theprofessorattachesgreatimportancetheanalysisofthedata.(2)Pleaseattachyourphotographthisapplicationform.

6(3)Withtimegoingby，Claireseemedtobemore(attach)toTony，therobot.【答案】1.to2.to3.attached•attach...to...把……附在……上attachimportance/significance/value/weight/...to...认为……有重要性/意义/价值/分量等•attachedadj.附加的；依恋的，爱慕的beattachedto喜欢，依恋；附属于再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵(4)在学习语言的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过。(应用文之建议信)Youcanneverattachtoomuchimportancetoreadingduringthecourseoflearninglanguage.知识点8runout用完；耗尽(物作主语，无被动语态)先练基础——根据句意用run短语的正确形式填空(1)IwasreadinginabookstorewhenIanoldfriendthereyesterday.(2)Inearlyabuswhenitstoppedsuddenlyinfrontofme.【答案】1.ranacross2.ranintorunoutof用光，用完(人作主语，有被动语态)runacross偶然遇到runafter追逐；追求runinto撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻烦等)再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵(3)我们的钱快花完了。我们该怎么办？①Ourmoney.Whatshouldwedo?②We.Whatshouldwedo?【答案】1.isrunningout2.arerunningoutofourmoney知识点9otherwise的用法Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有的东西粘在一起，否则所有的东西都会漂走。先练基础——一词多义写出下列句子中otherwise的词性和汉语意思(1)Myparentslentmethemoney.Otherwise，Icouldn’thaveaffordedthetrip.adv.否则；不然(2)Therewassomemusicplayingupstairs.Otherwisethehousewassilent.adv.除此以外

7(3)Itisnotpermittedtosellorotherwisedistributecopiesofpastexaminationpapers.adv.以其他方式•otherwise用作连词时，有时表示一种含蓄的虚拟条件，此时其后的句子用虚拟语气。表示对过去的虚拟，其后句子的谓语动词用would/couldhavedone，表示对现在的虚拟，其后句子的谓语动词用would/coulddo。•otherwise还常用于句型“祈使句＋otherwise＋陈述句”。再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵(4)我们当时不知道你遇到了困难，要不然我们会帮助你的。Wedidn’tknowyouwereintroubleatthattime，.(5)我现在没带钱。否则我就借给你一些了。Ihavenomoneyonmenow.Otherwise，.【答案】1.otherwisewewouldhavegivenyouahand2.Iwouldlendsometoyou语法精讲不定式的用法一、不定式的时态和语态1．不定式的形式不定式有六种形式，以write为例，列表如下：主动语态被动语态一般式towritetobewritten完成式tohavewrittentohavebeenwritten进行式tobewriting完成进行式tohavebeenwriting2.使用情况(1)一般式：不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在谓语动作之后发生。Heseemstoknowthis.他似乎了解这件事。(2)进行式：不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生，并强调动作的持续性或正在进行。Hepretendedtobeworkinghard.＝Hepretendedthathewasworkinghard.他假装干得很卖力。Whenhecamein,Ihappenedtobereadingthenovel.他进来时，我碰巧正在读小说。(3)完成式：不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前或已经发生。Iamsorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.给你添了这么多麻烦真抱歉。Sheissaidtohavejustcompletedanovel.

8据说她刚完成一部小说。(4)完成进行式：强调不定式的动作从过去某一时刻起一直持续到某一时刻，强调动作的持续性，不强调结果。Therainwassaidtohavebeenfallingforaweek.据说雨已下一周了。Hewashappytohavebeenstayingwithhisuncle.他很高兴一直跟他叔叔住在一起。(5)被动式：不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者。Shefeltpuzzledtobeaskedsuchaquestion.被问了这样一个问题，她很疑惑。Thefactorytobebuiltherenextyearisacarfactory.明年在这里建的工厂是一家汽车制造厂。二、不定式的语法功能不定式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾补。高考侧重考查不定式作定语、宾语、状语和宾补的用法。1．不定式作定语(1)不定式作定语通常要放在被修饰词的后面，往往表示将要发生的动作。Theweatherwillbesunnyinthedaystocome.未来几天将是晴天。(2)中心词是序数词、形容词最高级、thelast/theonly/thenext或被这些词修饰时，用不定式作定语。ZhangJianisthefirstChinesetoswimacrosstheBohaiSea.张健是第一个横渡渤海的中国人。Hewastheonlyonetofinishthetaskontime.他是唯一一个按时完成任务的人。(3)抽象名词time,way,reason,chance,courage,opportunity,ability等后以及不定代词something,nothing,little等后常用不定式作定语。Asubwayisaneffectivewaytosolvetrafficproblemsinabigcity.地铁是解决大城市交通问题的有效方法。(4)“therebe＋主语＋todo”和havesth.todo结构中，不定式也作后置定语。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.没什么可担心的。Hehasalotofworktodotoday.今天他有大量的活要干。2．不定式作状语(1)作目的状语。可位于句首或句末，其前可加inorder/soas，但soasto不可位于句首。Igotupearly(inorder)tocatchthe6：30train.我早起是为了赶那趟六点半的火车。(2)作原因状语。Iamgladtoseeyou.见到你很高兴。Hesmiledtothinkofacleverplan.想到了一个聪明的计划，他笑了。(3)作结果状语，表示出人意料或不太好的结果，常与only连用；而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。Ihurriedtothepostoffice,onlytofinditclosed.我急忙赶到邮局，结果发现邮局关门了。

9单句语法填空1．Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happy(watch)anythingthathappenedtobeon.2．Idialedupcorporateheadquarters,only(tell)thosenameswerenotyetpublic.3．Volunteeringgivesyouachance(change)lives,includingyourown.4．Theairport(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.5．It'sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisone(employ)asecurityofficer.6．(free)ourselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions,weeachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietness.7．Theyhurriedtothestation,only(find)theirtrainhadgonefiveminutesbefore.8．Hehurriedtoschoolonly(find)nobodythere.9．Shewanted(see)whichshopofferedthebestservice.10．Ifeelitexciting(see)themovieWolfWarriorsⅡwhichWuJingdirectedandstarredin.【答案】1.towatch2.tobeold3.tochange4.tobecompleted5.toemploy6.Tofree7.tofind8.tofind9.tosee10.tosee写作园地写作技巧——技巧点拨——问题解决型作文的写作一、题型特点1．所涉及问题为当今社会热点；2．要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径；3．写作模式：a.首段提出问题，说明现状；b.第二段分析原因；c.末段解决问题。二、写作模板首段提出问题：Inrecentdays,wehavetofacetheproblem—A(所要解决的问题)，whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.第二段分析原因：AsfarasIamconcerned,therearenumerousfactorsaccountingforthephenomenonmentionedabove,butthefollowingmightbethecriticalones.Firstandforemost,______.Besides,________.Lastbutnotleast,________.末段提出解决办法：Frommypointofview,thereareanumberofwaysthatcansolvetheproblem.Firstly,________(解决办法一).Secondly,________(解决办法二).Thirdly,________(解决办法三).Fourthly...——写作要求——

10假设你校在举办征文活动，题目为“HowtoOvercomeTestAnxiety”，请你用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你自己的具体做法，以供同学们借鉴。注意：1．词数在80左右；2．做法不少于四点；3．参考词汇：wellprepared,takeadeepbreath,positive/negativemoods,concentrateon,repeat4．开头已给出，不计入总词数。Whoevertakesexamswillfeelmoreorlesstenseandanxious________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________——思路分析——一、确定主题，明确要求1．主题定位：根据所要写的短文题目和注意内容可确定文章所涉及的内容——提出问题→点明问题的严重性→给出解决之道。2．题目要求：针对如何克服考试焦虑这一问题谈谈自己的做法，且做法不少于四点。二、构建框架，明确要点结合自身对考试紧张情况的感悟，构建文章的主体框架如下：1．明确提出问题：参加考试时会感到紧张、焦虑。2．点明问题的严重性：如何克服考试紧张、焦虑这一问题很重要，亟待解决。3．给出解决之道(至少四点)：①为考试做好充分准备，增强自信心；②坐下之后，放松自己的身体；③使消极情绪转化为积极情绪；④集中精力考试，不要注意周围其他人；⑤其他。三、添枝加叶，扩句成篇要点明确之后接下来要做的工作就是把重点信息以不同的句式表达出来：点明问题的严重性：Howtoovercometestanxietyisveryimportantandaproblemindesperatewantofbeingsolved./Howtoovercometestanxietyisofgreatimportanceandaproblemneedingtobesettledurgently.做法一：First(ly),makesurethatyou'rewellpreparedfortheexam,whichwillmakeyoufeelconfidentthatyoucandoit./...fortheexamandthiswillgiveyouafeelingofconfidencethatyoucandoit.做法二：Second(ly),onceyoutakeyourseat/sitdown,takeafewminutestorelax...做法三：Third(ly),remove/getridof/pushawaynegativemoodsandturn/changethemintopositiveones.做法四：Fourth(ly),concentratingontheexammayalsobenefityoualot/concentratingontheexammayalsobegreatlybeneficialtoyou...——佳作展示——Whoevertakesexamswillfeelmoreorlesstenseandanxious.Sohowtoovercometestanxietyisveryimportantandaproblemindesperatewantofbeingsolved.Personally,thefollowingmaybeofhelptoyou.First,makesurethatyou'rewellpreparedfortheexam,whichwillmakeyoufeelconfidentthatyoucandoit.Second,onceyoutakeyourseat,takeafewminutestorelax,suchaslettingyourarmshangloosely,moving

11yourfingersaswellastakingafewdeepbreaths.Third,pushawaynegativemoodsandturnthemintopositiveones.Fourth,concentratingontheexammayalsobenefityoualotanddon'tpayattentiontothepeoplearoundyou.Besides,ifyouaresittingforanoralexam,smilealotandimagineyouarehavingthenicestconversationinalongtime.Ofcourse,whenyoustartfeelingtenseandanxiousagainduringtheexam,repeatingtheexercisetorelaxyourselfisessential.分层提分题组A基础过关练Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)1．Couldyoutellmehowandwhenthecameintobeing?2．Therailwayshowsthatthetrainwillcome，soyoucan’tpassnow.3．Thanksforyourdirectionstothehouse；wewouldn’thavefoundit.4．Manylifestyledosuchgreatharmtohealththattheyactuallyspeeduptheweakeningofthehumanbody.5．Adog’seatinghabitrequires(定期的)trainingbeforeitisproperlyestablished.6．Theriverisvery(浅的)，butyoucan’tswiminitbecausethewaterispolluted.7．Theshortageofwaterhasbecomea(全球的)problemthatneedstobesolvedurgently.8．Though(缺乏)money，hisfamilylivedanenjoyablelife.【答案】1.universe2.signal3.otherwise4.patterns5.regular6.shallow7.global8.lackingⅡ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)9．Artificialhasbeenusedinphones，whichmakesthemseemtobe.(intelligent)10．Whenaskedwhetherhewastobeanastronaut，theboyjustlookedatmewith.(determine)11．Thoughhewasattheresultoftheexamination，hetriedtohidehisinordernottodiscouragehisson.(disappoint)12．Sincethecountrybecamein1842，ithasplayedanimportantrole.Gonearethedayswhenitonothersforeverything.(depend)13．Aperson’slifeisbutknowledgeis.(limit)14．Anaboutwhetherpeopleshouldcarryonwithspaceexplorationtookplaceattheconferenceandsomepeoplethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyonit.(argue)15．Unsatisfiedwiththe，theresearchersanalyzedthedataagain.(analyze)【答案】9.intelligence，intelligent10.determined，determination11.disappointed，disappointment12.independent，independently，depended13.limited，limitless14.argument，argued15.analysis，analyzedⅢ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)16．每当数学老师提出问题，他总是第一个举手的人。Everytimethemathteacherasksquestions，.

1217．他的迅速反应让老师很满意。Hisquickresponse18．他不但成绩好，而且经常帮助别人。19．他有很多朋友，因为他容易相处。Hehasmanyfriends.20．工人们没有被组织好，否则他们会用一半的时间完成任务的。Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized，otherwisetheythetaskinhalfthetime.【答案】16.heisalwaysthefirstonetoputuphishand17.makestheteacherpleased18.Henotonlystudieswellbutalsooftenhelpsothers19.becauseheiseasytogetalongwith20.wouldhaveaccomplished题组B能力提升练Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元ReadingandThinking部分Peoplehavealwayswantedtoexplorespaceinthehopeoffindingoutitssecrets.Afterthemid-20thcentury，somescientistsrealised1.(people)dreamoftravellingintospacewithbravepeople2.(carry)byspacecrafttolearnmoreabouttheuniverse.Exploringspaceisnotonly3.(danger)butalsochallenging.Accidentscanstillhappenthoughscientiststrytomakesurenothing4.(go)wrong.Butthedesire5.(explore)spaceneverstops6.peoplebelievetheycanovercomedifficultiesandbefacedwiththosebig7.(challenge)．Chinahasmadegreatprogressincompletingthemannedorbitandspacewalk，studyingthemoon’ssurfaceand8.(establish)aspacestation.9.ourjoy，futurediscoverieswillenableustounderstandtheuniverse10.(full)stepbystep.【答案】1.people’s2.carried3.dangerous4.goes5.toexplore6.because7.challenges8.establishing9.To10.fully请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后翻译短文并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：todo作定语和状语)Mankindhasmanagedtocreatevehiclestocarryastronautsintospace.They1.rocketscarryingsatellites.Manyintelligentpeopleare2.todevotethemselvestospaceexploration，eventhoughspacedisasterswhichkilledastronautsonboardmakethem3..Besides，whenlivinginspace，theastronautshavetorecycledirtywatersoastouseitlater.For4.ofgravity，theirmusclesbecomeweak.Theyhavetotapeeverythingup,5.theywouldfloataround.Theyalsoneedtofigureoutawaytostore6.foodoroxygen，butpeople’sdesiretoexplorespaceneverdies.Chinaisthethirdcountrytosendhumansintospace7..ThissignalsagiantleapforwardforChina.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyonspaceexploration，whichisashallowview.Ourplanet’sresourcesarelimited,weshouldfindanewhometoprovidefortheeverincreasingpopulation.Inclosing，weshouldcarryonwithspaceexploration.【答案】1.launch2.determined3.disappointed4.lack5.otherwise6.sufficient7.independently

13题组C培优拔尖练阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASpoiledforchoice?That’slikelyhowyou’llfeelafterameredayinAthens.Thesecretisinnottryingtodoeverything.Instead,takeinacoupleofthetouristhighlightsandthengetafeelforthisattractivecapital.AnancientsightTheAcropolis(卫城)alwayscomesoutatthetopofthelistofthingstoseeinAthens.Themostfamousofthewesternworld’sancientsightscontinuetoimpresstouristsastheyclimbthemarblestepsandstandbeforethegracefulParthenon.Viewsfromuphereareamazing.AslowwanderPlakaisthecity’soldestneighbourhood,restingontheslopesoftheAcropoliswithcafesandfascinatingarchitecture.Thestreetsareperfectforgettinglostin,givingwanderersthechancetodiscovercafesandbarswheretheycandrinksomestrongcoffeeamonglocals.Plakaisatitsbestintheearlyevening.AcropolisHousePensionisapreserved19thcenturyhousethatgivesguestsaglimpseintoaGreekhome.AmarketsceneVarvakiosAgoraisAthens’centralmarket.LocalscomeheretoshopandlookforeverythingneededinaGreekkitchen—fromoliveoiltomeat.ThisisalookatlocallifeaswellasawindowintoGreekcuisine.Themeatmarketisalsohometosomeofthecity’sbestpubs,feedingtraditionalfoodtocrowdsofcustomersfromallwalksofsociety.AsplashofnightlifeAtheniannightsarefilledwithmusic,dancinganddining.PerivoliTouOuranouisaclubwithastrongatmosphere.Filledwiththesoundsofviolinsandguitarspeltingouttraditionalblues-likemusic,it’ssadbutalsobeautifulandlively.本文是一篇说明文。你想去雅典一饱眼福吗?雅典古城富有魅力的景点会让你流连忘返。1.WhichofthefollowingisthebesttimetovisitPlaka?A.8:00　　B.12:00　　C.18:00　　D.22:00C【解析】细节理解题。根据Aslowwander中的“Plakaisatitsbestintheearlyevening.”可知,C项正确。2.VarvakiosAgoraseemsmoreattractivetoaforeignerwho______. A.wantstotrycookingAthenianfoodB.isinterestedinthehistoryofAthensC.likestakingphotosofancientbuildingsD.hopestobuysomesouvenirsforhisfriendsA【解析】。细节理解题。根据Amarketscene中的内容可知,VarvakiosAgora是雅典的中心市场,来自各行各业的人都能吃到传统的食物。故A项正确。3.IfyouwanttogetafeelfortraditionalGreekmusic,youcangoto______. A.Parthenon　B.PlakaC.VarvakiosAgora　D.PerivoliTouOuranouD【解析】细节理解题。根据Asplashofnightlife中的介绍可知,PerivoliTouOuranou是一个富有音乐情调的俱乐部,在这里可以欣赏到由吉他、小提琴演奏出的传统音乐。故D项正确。

14BWashington:NASAhasannouncedevidencethatJupiter’slargestmoon,Ganymede,hasasaltwateroceanunderitsicysurface.TheoceanseemstohavemorewaterthanallthewateronEarth’ssurface,accordingtonewHubbleobservations.NewHubbleobservationsofGanymede’smagneticfieldstronglysuggestthatthemoon,whichisthelargestinourwholesolarsystem,ishometoasubsurfaceocean.Scientistsestimatethattheoceanis95kilometresthick,whichisabout10timesdeeperthanEarth’soceans.Butunlikeoursaltywaters,Ganymede’soceanisburiedunder150kilometresofice.Whilescientistshavespeculated(推测)sincethe1970saboutthepresenceofanoceanonGanymede—thelargestmooninoursolarsystem—untilnowtheonlyobservationalevidencecamefromabriefflybybytheGalileospacecraft,whichdidn’tobservethemoonlongenoughtoconfirmaliquidocean.Thisdiscoverymarksanimportantmilestone,highlightingwhatonlyHubblecanaccomplish.Inits25yearsinorbit,Hubblehasmademanyscientificdiscoveriesinourownsolarsystem.AdeepoceanundertheicysurfaceofGanymedeopensupfurtherexcitingpossibilitiesforlifebeyondEarth.ScientistshavealreadyconfirmedtheexistenceofanoceanonEuropa,anothermoonorbitingJupiter,andNASAhasannouncedplanstosendanunmannedmissiontheresearchingforthelifethatmightcomewithliquidwater. HubbleisatelescopethatorbitsEarth,butbecauseofitsimpressivegravitationalanalysesitcanbeusedtostudytheinsideoffardistantplanets.Usingthesesameprinciples,scientistscouldtheoreticallydetectoceansondistantexoplanetsaswell.本文是一篇新闻报道。NASA证实木星的最大卫星木卫三上有海洋,这一发现再次拓宽了科学家的视野,使人们对太阳系内地球以外的生命的探寻更进了一步。4.WhatcanwelearnaboutGanymedefromthepassage?A.Itisaplanetwiththelargestmooninourwholesolarsystem.B.Itsoceanaddstopeople’sexcitementaboutlifebeyondEarth.C.ItwillbeusedbyNASAasabasefortheHubbletelescope.D.ItsliquidoceanwasfirstprovedbytheGalileospacecraft.B。【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“AdeepoceanundertheicysurfaceofGanymedeopensupfurtherexcitingpossibilitiesforlifebeyondEarth.”可知,木星的最大卫星木卫三上海洋的存在激发了人们探索地球以外的生命的热情。故选B项。5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriter’sattitudetowardsHubble?A.Cautious.　　　　　　B.Doubtful.C.Negative.　　　　D.Favourable.D【解析】观点态度题。根据第五段第一句“Thisdiscoverymarksanimportantmilestone,highlightingwhatonlyHubblecanaccomplish.”可知,这次具有里程碑意义的发现只有哈勃望远镜能够完成。由此可推知,作者对哈勃望远镜持支持态度。故选D项。6.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph6mean?A.AnundergroundoceanhasbeenfoundinEuropa.B.ThepresenceofanundergroundoceaninEuropaisnotpossible.

15C.ItisnowcertainthatthereisanoceanonEuropa.D.NoevidencehasshowntheexistenceofanoceanonEuropa.C。【解析】句意理解题。根据第六段中的“andNASAhasannouncedplanstosend...withliquidwater”可知,NASA宣布要在Europa上搜寻地球以外的生命是因为Europa上有水存在;由此可知科学家们已经证实Europa上存在海洋。故选C项。7.Whattypeofwritingdoesthispassagebelongto?A.Atermessay.B.Anewsreport.C.Anexperimentreport.D.Anexplorationreview.B。【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Washington:NASAhasannouncedevidence...”及文章内容可推知,本文为一篇新闻报道。故选B项。C　　WangYaping,oneofthethreecrewmembersintheShenzhou-Xclassspacecraft,deliveredthelecturethrougha40-minutelivevideobroadcast,ninedaysafterthesuccessfulspacecraftlaunch.　　AssistedbytheothertwoastronautsNieHaishengandZhangXiaoguang,Wangshowedstudentshowmovementoccursinazero-gravityenvironmentthroughaseriesofphysicsexperimentstohelpstudentsunderstandbasicphysicsconcepts.　　ObserverssaythecreativelectureisnotonlygoodforscienceandpatrioticW1educationoftheyoungergenerationbutalsoshowsnationalconfidenceinChina’smaturingW2spacetechnologies.　　Viathevideofeedsystem,thethreeastronautsinteractedwithsome300curiousstudentsinBeijingonThursdayafterthelecture,whoraisedquestionsabouttheirdailylifeinthespacemodule.　　“I’mextremelyexcitedtoseethemagicaleffectsoftheexperiments.IfeellikeI’mclosetospacewhilewatchingthelivebroadcast,”aprimaryschoolstudentinBeijingtoldtheGlobalTimesafterthelecture.　　ThelecturebecameoneofthemostpopulartopicsonWeiboThursday,withsomeWebuserssayingthisvisuallyW3impressivemethodofeducationhasmadetheminterestedinspacescience.　　Thelecturealsodrewinternationalattention.Afterthelecture,WangrepliedtoaletterofgreetingfromBarbaraMorgan,afemaleUSastronautwhoparticipatedinaspaceteachingprogramin2007.“Wewouldliketojointheeffort,asyouhavedone,tobringscience-lovingyoutharoundtheworldclosertotheirdreamsofexploringtheuniverse,”Wangsaidinthereply,Xinhuareported.本文主要讲述王亚平空中授课的事迹,零重力状态下做的实验不仅帮助学生了解了物理概念,而且显示了中国对太空技术的自信。8.WecaninferfromthepassageWangYapingdidtheexperiments______. A.onherownB.inanenvironmentwithoutgravityC.onlytoamusethestudentsD.onlytoshowChina’smaturingspacetechnologiesB。【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段和第四段的内容可知,王亚平是在零重力状态下做这些实验,并且是在聂海胜和张晓光的帮助下完成的。这些实验可以帮助学生了解物理概念并且显示中国对太空技术的自信。由此可知选B。29.Wecansaythislectureis______. 

16A.impressivebutridiculousB.creativebutimpracticalC.interestingandeducationalD.educationalbutboringC【解析】推理判断题。从倒数第二段可知答案。30.Accordingtothepassage,weknowBarbaraMorgan______. A.isawomanastronautfromAmericaB.oncetaughtWangYapinghowtodeliveraspeechinspaceC.wasthefirstwomaninUStobesentinspaceD.oncetrainedwithWangYapingA【解析】细节理解题。从最后一段第二句可知答案。31.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheShenzhou-Xclassspacecraft.B.WangYaping’sspaceclass.C.TheinternationalinfluenceofChina’sspaceexploration.D.China’soutstandingastronauts.B【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲了王亚平的空中授课以及它的影响。故选B。第二节　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。　　Likemanyyoungchildren,VikasJyanidreamedof1.__________(be)apilotasaboy.LivinginasmallvillagecalledSarangpurinHisardistrict,hedidnotletgoofthatdreamandafteryearsofstruggle,2.__________(succeed)inbecomingapilot.Itwaswhathedidafterachievinghisdream3.__________wouldmakeheadlinesinthenews. 　　Withhimgrowingup,theeldersofthevillagealwaysencouragedhim4.__________(go)forhisdreams.5.__________turn,hepromisedthemthatwhenhedidbecomeapilot,hewouldtakeallofthemtogetherforarideinaplane.Andthatwas6.__________(exact)whatpilotVikasJyanididwhenthetimecame.Hearrangedforplane7.__________(ticket)forallthe22eldersovertheageof70yearsoldinthevillage.Theeldestwas90yearsold,andtheyoungest72years,mostof8.__________hadneverbeenonaplaneintheirlivesandneverthoughttherewasa9.__________(possible)thattheywouldtakeintheviewfromabovetheclouds. 　　AlltheeldersgottotravelfromNewDelhitoAmritsarwheretheygottoseetheGoldenTemple,JallianwalaBaghandWagahBorder.Flyinginaplane10.__________(describe)asthebestexperienceoftheirlivesbymanyoftheelders. 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了VikasJyani从小就有当飞行员的梦想,村里的老人也都鼓励他为梦想努力,他答应实现梦想后带着全村的老人坐一次飞机。他的梦想实现了,也兑现了自己的诺言。1.being【解析】考查非谓语动词。dreamofdoingsth.意为“梦想做某事”。故填being。2.succeeded【解析】考查动词时态。succeed在此是谓语动词与didnotlet并列,所以应用一般过去时。故填succeeded。3.that【解析】考查强调句。Itwas+强调部分+that...为强调结构,此处强调部分是whathedidafterachievinghisdream。故填that。

174.togo【解析】考查非谓语动词。encouragesb.todosth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。故填togo。5.In【解析】考查介词。inturn为固定搭配,意为“反过来”。故填In。6.exactly【解析】考查副词。修饰动词应用副词形式。故填exactly。7.tickets【解析】考查名词复数。ticket是可数名词,后面是为22个老人买的飞机票,所以应用复数形式。故填tickets。8.whom【解析】考查定语从句。此处______hadneverbeenonaplaneintheirlivesand...是定语从句,关系词在定语从句中作of的宾语,指人应用whom。 9.possibility【解析】考查名词。在therebe后应用名词。故填possibility。10.wasdescribed【解析】考查动词时态和语态。describe与主语Flyinginaplane是被动关系,且叙述的是过去的事情,所以应用一般过去时且使用被动语态。故填wasdescribed。