2023届高三英语总复习 （人教版2019）选择性必修第1册Unit4 Body Language（教师版）

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Unit4BodyLanguage重点词汇阅读单词1．gesturen．手势；姿势；姿态2．fakeadj.假装的；假的；冒充的3．nonverbaladj.不涉及言语的；非言语的4．slumpvi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)5．tickvt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声n.钩号6．chinn．下巴7．demonstratevt.表现；表达；说明；证明8．identicaladj.相同的9．interpretvt.把……理解(解释)为vi.&vt.口译10．waistn．腰；腰部11．trialn．&v．审讯；审判；试验；试用12．internaladj.内部的；里面的13．posen．故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势vi.摆好姿势vt.造成(威胁、问题等)14．revealvt.揭示；显示；露出15．chestn．胸部；胸膛16．ultimatelyadv.最终；最后17．componentn．组成部分；零件18．tonen．语气；腔调；口吻19．distractvt.分散(注意力)；使分心20．intervenevi.干预；介入重点单词1．appropriateadj.合适的；恰当的2．witnessvt.当场看到；目击；见证n．目击者；证人3．cheekn．面颊；脸颊4．bowvi.鞠躬；点头vt.低(头)5．barriern．隔阂；障碍6．incidentn．发生的事情；严重事件；冲突7．twinadj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的n．孪生之一；双胞胎之一8．bendvt.&vi.(bent，bent)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向9．clarifyvt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清10．tendencyn．趋势；倾向11．lowervt.把……放低；降低；减少adj.下面的；下方的；较小的

112．implyvt.意味着；暗示13．starevi.盯着看；凝视n．凝视14．ceilingn．天花板；上限15．perceivevt.察觉；看待；理解16．merelyadv.只是；仅仅；只不过17．bothervi.&vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心n．麻烦；不便18．weepvi.&vt.哭泣；流泪19．conflictn．矛盾；冲突vi.冲突；抵触20．inquire/enquirevi.&vt.询问；打听词汇拓展1．interactionn．交流；相互影响→interactvi.相互交流；相互影响2．varyvi.(根据情况)变化；改变→variousadj.不同的；各种各样的→varietyn．多样性；变化；种类3．approvevi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→approvaln．赞成；同意；批准→approvingadj.赞许的；赞成的4．employvt.使用；应用；雇用→employeen．雇员；受雇者→employern．雇主；雇用者→employmentn．雇用；聘用5．differvi.相异；不同于→differentadj.不同的；有差异的→differencen．差别；差异6．favourvt.较喜欢；选择；有利于n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favorableadj.赞成的；有利的7．angern．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→angryadj.生气的；愤怒的→angrilyadv.生气地；愤怒地8．reliableadj.可靠的；可信赖的→relyvi.依赖；信赖9．slightadj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightlyadv.略微；稍微10．assessvt.评估；评价→assessmentn．评价；评定11．educatorn．教师；教育工作者；教育家→educatevt.教育→educatedadj.受过教育的；有教养的→educationn．教育12．barelyadv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚→bareadj.赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的13．occupyvt.占据；占用→occupiedadj.有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的→occupationn．占领；职业14．distinguishvi.&vt.区分；辨别→distinguishedadj.卓越的；杰出的15．anxietyn．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxiousadj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的16．embarrassedadj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassingadj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→embarrassvt.使窘迫；使尴尬17．ashamedadj.羞愧；惭愧→shamen．羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事→shamefuladj.可耻的→shamelessadj.无耻的；没廉耻的18．adjustvt.调整；调节vi.&vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustableadj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment

2n．调整；调节；适应19．reactvi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reactionn．反应；作用重点词组1．bycontrast相比之下2．bycomparison(与……)相比较3．makeinferences推理；推断4．breakdown消除；分解；打破5．straightenup直起来；整理；收拾整齐6．inotherwords换句话说；也就是说7．callon(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请8．atwork有某种影响；在工作重点句型1．Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.微笑能够帮助我们度过困境，并在满是陌生人的世界里找到朋友。微笑可以消除隔阂。2．Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely，thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，最美好的事情就是看到好朋友的笑脸。3．Ofcourse，noteveryonewholooksupispayingattentioninclass.当然，并不是每个抬头的人都专注于课堂。4．Withtheirchinsontheirhands，theyoccupythemselvesbystaringoutofthewindoworupattheceiling.他们用手托着下巴，非常专注地盯着窗外或上面的天花板。知识精讲知识点01　varyvi.(根据情况)变化；改变Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.就像口语一样，身体语言也因文化而异。[例1]　Thetemperaturevariesfromtimetotime.温度常常变化。[例2]　Theswordhardlyvariedinformfromthe12thtothe15thcentury.剑的样式从12世纪到15世纪几乎没有什么改变。[知识拓展](1)varyinsth.在某方面不同varywithsth.随……而变化

3varybetween...and...＝varyfrom...to...由……到……情况不等(2)varietyn.变化；种类；多样性avarietyof＝varietiesof许多的；各种各样的(3)variousadj.各种各样的[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译①Thestudents'workvariesconsiderablyquality.②Pricesvarythetypeoftheroomyourequire.③Opinionsonthismattervarygreatlyfrompersontoperson.④由于各种原因，我不愿见他。,I'dprefernottomeethim.＝,I'dprefernottomeethim.＝,I'dprefernottomeethim.【答案】1.in2.with3.to4.Forvariousreasons,Foravarietyofreasons，Forvarietiesofreasons,知识点2approvevi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过(教材P38)Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。[例1]　Theministerapprovedthebuildingplan.部长批准了该建筑计划。[例2]　Herfatherwillneverapproveofhermarriagetoyou.他父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。[知识拓展](1)approveof　赞成；同意approveofsb./sb.'s(doing)sth.同意某人(做)某事(2)approvaln.赞成；同意；批准；认可giveone'sapprovalto批准某人……[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Shedoesn'tapproveourdecision.②Iapproveofyour(try)toearnsomemoney,butpleasedon'tneglectyourstudies.③Hopethearrangementsmeetwithyour(approve).④我非常赞成这些新的测试。Iverymuch．[小片段填空]Idon'tneedallthetime.Ifsomeonedoesnotme,Iwillstillbeokay.我不总是需要别人的认同，如果有人不认同我，我还是会觉得没事。【答案】1.of2.trying3.approval4.approveofthesenewtests，approval，approveof

4知识点3　witnessvt.当场看到；目击；见证n．目击者；证人InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.在日本，看到别人做这个手势的人可能会认为这是有钱的意思。[例1]　Awitnesswasexaminedbyhiminacourtoflaw.他在法庭上质问一个证人。[例2]　Hegavewitnessonbehalfofanaccusedperson.他为被告作证。[知识拓展](1)witnesssth.　　目击了某事witnessto(doing)sth.证实，证明(做)某事witnessfor为……作证(2)beawitnesstosth.是某事的证据/证人bear/givewitnessto做……的证人；为……作证[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Hemadeaverypoorwitnesshimself.②Hisgoodhealthisawitnessthesuccessofthetreatment.③司机作证说，他看到此人进入那栋大楼。Thedriverthemanenterthebuilding.④这些事实证明了他的粗心。Thesefactsare．[小片段填空]Thewhotheincidentthepoliceandpromisedtobea．这个目击了这起事故的目击者向警察提交了证据并且答应做证人。【答案】1.for2.to3.witnessedtohavingseen4.awitnesstohiscarelessness，witness，witnessed，gavewitnessto，witness[图形助记]知识点4　differvi.不同于；相异Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.甚至我们用作“是”和“不”的手势也因地而异。[例1]　JapanesediffersgreatlyfromFrenchinpronunciation.日语发音和法语大不相同。[例2]　Conditionsofemploymentdifferaccordingtothetypeofcompanyyouareworkingfor.

5雇佣条件因供职公司的不同而有差异。[知识拓展](1)differfrom...与……不同/有区别differin...在……方面不同differwithsb.on/about/oversth.与某人在某事上持不同(看法)(2)differentadj.不同的bedifferentfrom...与……不同(3)differencen.不同，差别makeadifference(to...)(对……)有作用或影响[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Worriedaboutmyhealth,Itriedmany(differ)kindsofdietsbutnothingworked.②There'remany(differ)betweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.③在日常生活中，每个人都会时不时地失败，但你如何做出反应却有很大影响。Inourdailylife,everyonefailseverynowandthen.Butitishowyoureactthat．④很显然，这对双胞胎在性格方面不一样。Apparently,thetwins．⑤这些模型的大小和形状都不一样。Themodelsdifferinsizeandshape.[小片段填空]Learnerswithculturalbackgroundstheirthinkingpatternsandlearningstyles.Thecanbeinvestigatedandexplained.不同文化背景的学习者在思维模式和学习风格上有很大的不同。这种差异可以被研究和解释。【答案】1.different2.differences3.makesabigdifference4.differfromeachotherincharacter5.differindifferent，differalotin，difference知识点5　favourvt.较喜欢；选择；有利于n．帮助；恩惠；赞同Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手、鞠躬或点头。[例1]　Amothershouldn'tshowtoomuchfavourtooneofherchildren.母亲不应该对一个孩子表现出过多的宠爱。[例2]　Imustdeclinetoshowfavourtoanyofthecandidates.我必须拒绝偏袒任何一位候选人。[知识拓展]dosb.afavour＝doafavourforsb.帮某人的忙infavourof...支持……

6asksb.forafavour＝askafavourofsb.请求某人帮忙inone'sfavour对某人有利[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译①MostofthemwereinfavourmyopinionwhileDavidwasagainstit.②Theexchangerateisourfavourforthetimebeing.③今天你能帮我个忙去学校接山姆吗？CouldyouandpickupSamfromschooltoday?＝CouldyouandpickupSamfromschooltoday?④我想请你帮忙，你能把你的电话借给我吗？Iwantto;willyoulendmeyourcellphone?＝Iwantto；willyoulendmeyourcellphone?【答案】1.of2.in3.domeafavour，doafavourforme4.askafavourofyou，askyouforafavour[图形助记]知识点6　breakdown消除；分解；打破Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.微笑可以打破障碍。[例1]　Ourcarbrokedownandwehadtodrawittoagarage.我们的车坏了，不得不把它拖到修车厂去。[例2]　Bythenthegatewasbeingbrokendown.那时候大门快要被砸开了。[知识拓展]breakawayfrom脱离；摆脱；挣脱；打破陈规breakin闯入；强行进入breakout突然发生；爆发(不用于被动语态)breakup打碎；分裂；解体；解散[即学即练]——完成句子①他的车在路上出故障了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。Hiscarontheway,andthatwaswhyhewaslateforthemeeting.②这个女孩挣脱她妈妈，跑了。Thegirlhermotherandranaway.③这个乐队大约在1970年解散，但是令人高兴的是，到了20世纪80年代中期他们再次相聚。Thebandabout1970,buthappilytheyreunitedinthemid1980s.

7④在这一地区总有意想不到的事情发生。Somethingunexpectedalwaysinthisarea.⑤为了很快地进入着火的房子，消防队员拆了那面墙。Thefiremeninordertogainquickaccesstothebuildingonfire.【答案】1.brokedown2.brokeawayfrom3.brokeup4.breaksout5.brokedownthewall知识点7　reliableadj.可信赖的；可靠的Whichisamorereliableguideforunderstandingsomeone'sfeelings，theirbodylanguageorthewordstheyspeak?哪一种方式更能帮助我们理解别人的感受：是肢体语言还是他们说的语言？[例1]　Ithasahighlyreliablecontrolsystem.它具备一套极可靠的控制系统。[例2]　He'sagoodmusicianandtotallyreliable．他是个出色的音乐家，而且非常可靠。[知识拓展](1)areliablefriend　可靠的朋友bereliableas作为……是可靠的(2)relyv.信任；信赖；依赖；依靠relyon/upon依靠；依赖relyonitthat...相信[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Thisstatementisnotreliableevidence.②Itwouldbebettertorelyourselvesthanonothers.③Youmayrelyonthathewillhelpyou.④那个年轻人诚实，且有合作精神，当你需要他帮忙的时候，他总是在那儿。简言之，他很可靠。Theyoungmanishonest,cooperative,andisalwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.Inshort,．[小片段填空]Theland,theessentialmeansofproduction,isthemostlivingsecuritythatthepeasantscan．土地作为基本的生产资料，是农民可以依赖的最可靠的生活保障。【答案】1.as2.on3.it4.he'sreliablereliable，relyon知识点8不定式短语作后置定语(教材P38)Forexample,makingeyecontact—lookingintosomeone'seyes—insomecountriesisawaytodisplayinterest.例如，在一些国家，进行眼神交流——直视某人的眼睛——是表现出兴趣的一种方式。句式分析：不定式短语todisplayinterest作后置定语，修饰away。

8[例1]　Themeetingswereawaytogetacquaintedwitheachother.这些会议是一种相互结交的途径。[例2]　Thebestwaytodealwithateaseistoignorehim.对付爱捉弄人的人的最佳方法就是不搭理他。[知识拓展](1)在thefirst,thesecond,thelast,thenext,theonly等词和形容词最高级后或在被这些词修饰的名词/代词后，常用不定式作定语。(2)在time,way,chance,ability,promise等抽象名词后，常用不定式作定语。[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Thechance(go)forapicnichasbeenruined.②Heistheonlyman(know)thetruth.③最好的旅行方式是坐高铁。Thebestwayistotakeahighspeedtrain.④他总是第一个来，最后一个走。Heisalways．⑤多锻炼是保持健康的好方法。It'sagoodwaywithmoreexercise.【答案】1.togo2.toknow3.totravel4.thefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave5.tokeepfit知识点8　whendoing...InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.在日本，当你和年长的人说话时，低头可能是对长辈的尊重。句式分析：句中whentalkingtoanolderperson是一个省略句，补全后为：whenyouaretalkingtoanolderperson。[例1]　Whenseeingthenaughtychild,theteachersympathizedtohismother.当看到那个淘气的孩子时，老师对他的母亲表示很同情。[例2]　Ikeptadiaryeverydaywhile(Iwas)travelling.在那次旅行期间，我每天都写日记。[知识拓展]当when，while，before，after，unless，asif，if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译①Hewon'tcomeunless(invite).②While(play)withhischildrenoutdoors,thefatherfeltveryhappy.③如果你被录用干这份工作的话，你会很快被通知到的。,you'llbeinformedsoon.＝,you'llbeinformedsoon.

9【答案】1.invited2.playing3.Ifyouareacceptedforthejob,Ifacceptedforthejob,知识点9　比较级的否定形式表示最高级含义Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。句式分析：句中nothingbetterthan是比较级的否定形式表示最高级的含义。[例1]　Personally,shewouldlikenothingbetterthantoacceptthisinvitation.就她个人来说，她巴不得接受这次邀请。[例2]　Peterlikesnothingbetterthangoingtothecoastandmessingaboutinhisboat.彼得最喜欢去海边，毫无目的地让船在海中漂荡。[知识拓展]最高级意义的多种表达法：(1)否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than)(2)否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as(3)比较级＋than＋[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Ihaveneverspenta(worrying)day.②Tomist(intelligent)thananyotherstudent/alltheotherstudentsinhisclass.③再没有别的书对我的生活有更大的影响了。hashadagreatereffectonmylife.④多么好的一本小说啊！我从未读过比这更感人的了。Whatawonderfulnovel!Ihaveneverread．⑤李洋在班里学习最努力。LiYangstudiesharder．⑥在夏季炎热的下午，我想不出什么东西比一杯冰凉可口的啤酒更好。Icanthinkofanicecoldbeeronahotsummerafternoon.【答案】1.moreworrying2.moreintelligent3.Nootherbook4.amoremovingone5.thananyoneelseinhisclass6.nothingbetterthan语法精讲动词ing形式作宾语和表语一、动词ing形式作宾语1．作动词的宾语接动词ing形式作宾语的常用动词(短语)有：avoid，miss，delay/putoff避免错过少延期

10advise，finish，practise建议完成多练习enjoy，imagine，can'thelp喜欢想象禁不住admit，deny，envy承认否定与嫉妒escape，risk，excuse逃避冒险莫原谅stand，keep，mind忍受保持不介意Headmittedreferringtohisnotesintheexam.他承认在考试中查阅了笔记。Shecan'tstandbeinglookeddownuponinpublic.她忍受不了在公众场合被人看不起的感觉。Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意打开窗子吗？Hetriedtoavoidansweringmyquestions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。2．作介词的宾语在下面的短语中，常用动词ing形式作介词的宾语：begoodat，dreamof，careabout，beconcernedabout，beinterestedin，feellike，insiston，thinkof，aimat，setabout，beusedto习惯于；getdownto开始做；leadto导致；devoteoneselfto献身于……；lookforwardto期待；stickto坚持；payattentionto注意。Idreamofsailingaroundtheworldandleadingahappylife.我梦想着环游世界，过上幸福的生活。Heinsistedondoingitinhisownway.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。I'mlookingforwardtoyourcomingnexttime.我期待着你下一次的到来。Becauseofthebadweather，theyhavetogiveupgoingoutforapicnictomorrow.因为天气不好，他们不得不放弃明天的外出野餐。3．在以下结构中，动词ing形式作介词的宾语，介词常省略。spend...(in)doing花费……做某事havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing...做……有困难/麻烦stop/prevent...(from)doing阻止……做某事wastetime(in)doing浪费时间做某事bebusy(in)doing忙于做某事haveagood/hardtime(in)doing高兴做某事/费了很大劲做某事Thereisnopoint(in)doing做某事毫无意义Heisalwaysbusyworkingeveryday，whichhasmadehimhavelittletimetoplaywithhischild.他每天总是忙于工作，这使他很少有时间和孩子一起玩。Thereisnopointgivinghimsuchagoodchance.

11给他提供这样一个好机会没有意义。[即学即练1]——单句语法填空①I'mlookingforwardto(hear)fromyou.②Hedevoteshimselfto(look)intothematter.③Shelikesspendingmuchmoney(buy)clothesforherself.4．动词ing形式作宾语时的几个特殊情况(1)动词ing的复合结构。＋动词ingWouldyoumindmy/meeatingthecake?你介意我吃这块蛋糕吗？WouldyoumindMary's/Marydrivingthebike?你介意玛丽骑自行车吗？[名师点津]动词ing的复合结构的否定形式为：形容词性物主代词/代词(宾格)/名词(宾格)/名词's所有格＋notdoing...。(2)某些动词及动词短语后面既可以用不定式也可以用动词ing作宾语。①动词begin，start，continue等词后既可跟不定式，又可跟动词ing作宾语，意义基本相同。Theycontinueddiscussing/todiscusstheplanafterhavingarest.休息了一会后，他们继续讨论这项计划。②动词love，like，hate等后可跟动词ing和不定式作宾语，但接动词ing表示经常性的情况，接不定式表示具体的动作。Ilovewalkingwithmyfriendonasunnyday.(习惯)我喜欢和朋友在一个阳光明媚的日子里散步。Itisapleasantdaytoday，soIlovetohaveawalkwithmyfriend.(具体)今天是个令人愉快的日子，所以我想和朋友一起散散步。③一些动词后既可跟动词ing作宾语，又可跟不定式作宾语，但意义有很大差别。Heforgotturningthelightoff.他忘记他已经关了灯。Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Heforgottoturnitoff.办公室的灯还亮着。他忘记关了。[名师点津]对比记忆作宾语的动词含义

12Theystoppedtohavealookatthefantasticscenery.他们停下来，看了看这美妙绝伦的风景。Theystoppedworkingandhadarest.他们停止工作，休息了一下。(3)用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词ing形式。其结构如下：主语＋＋it＋＋doing...Ifoundituseless/nousearguingaboutit.我发现争论这件事没有用。Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain?你觉得再试会有用吗？(4)在动词need，require，want，deserve后，用动词ing形式表示被动含义，即need/require/want/deservedoing＝need/require/want/deservetobedone。Theseclothesneedwashing．＝Theseclothesneedtobewashed．这些衣服需要洗。Thehouserequiresrepairing．＝Thehouserequirestoberepaired．这座房子需要修理。(5)在(be)worth后面只能用动词ing形式来表示被动含义。Thefilmisworthseeingasecondtime.这部电影值得再看一次。[即学即练2]——单句语法填空①Iremember(see)herbefore，butIcan'trememberwhenitwas.②Youmustremember(tell)Jacksonthenewstonight.③Ididn'tmean(visit)himyesterdayafternoon.④Givingupyourplanmeans(lose)alargeamountofmoney.⑤Allofusstopped(talk)whenwesawourteachercomein.

13⑥Shefeltthirsty,soshestopped(get)adrinkofwater.【答案】1.seeing2.totell3.tovisit4.losing5.talking6.toget二、动词ing形式作表语1．动名词用作表语Herjobischeckingletterofcreditandtermsofcontract．她的工作是核对信用证和合同款。Thatisnotplayingthegame．这样做就不公平了。Thiswasreallycarryingmattersalittletoofar．这事做得真有点太过分了。[名师点津](1)不要把作表语用的动名词和现在进行时态混淆。动名词说明主语的情况或性质，其内容在逻辑上等于主语的内容；现在分词说明动作是由主语完成的(即表示主语正在进行的动作)。Hisjobiscleaningtheclassroom.(动名词短语作表语)他的工作就是打扫教室。Heiscleaningtheclassroom.(谓语，现在进行时)他正在打扫教室。(2)动名词(短语)和不定式(短语)都能用作主语或表语，两者的区别是：表示比较抽象、一般的行为，不跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时，多用动名词(短语)；表示具体某次行为、特别是将来的行为，往往跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时，多用不定式。但在多数情况下，两者差别不太大，可以互用。试比较：Ourjobisbuildinghouses.(经常性的一般行为)我们的工作是盖房子。Ourmaintasknowistobuildthishouse.(特定的具体某次行为)我们现在的主要任务是盖这间房子。[即学即练3]——单句语法填空①Oneofthegoodexercisesis(swim).②Therealproblemis(get)toknowtheneedsofthecustomers.③Theimportantthingnowis(save)lives.【答案】1.swimming2.getting3.tosave2．现在分词用作表语现在分词作表语，总是跟在系动词之后，构成复合谓语。现在分词作表语，表示主语所具有的特征。许多作表语的现在分词几乎已经形容词化，可以用副词修饰，也可以有比较级形式。这类常见的现在分词有amazing,amusing,annoying,astonishing,boring,charming等。Thedevelopmentofouraviationindustryisquiteencouraging．

14我们的航空工业的发展是非常令人鼓舞的。Afewpagesarewanting．有几处缺页。Thewholedamneddayhadbeenhumiliating．这一整天可坏透了，令人丢脸。[名师点津](1)现在分词作表语时，系动词除be外还有appear,sound,look,become,come,get,go,grow,keep,remain,seem等。Whathesayssoundsmoreconvincing．他说的话听起来更有说服力。TheEuropeanscenebegantolookthreateningagain.欧洲局势再度出现危险。(2)现在分词作表语用时，相当于形容词，表示性质或状态；进行时态中的分词是谓语动词的组成部分，表示具体的动作，两者不可混淆。Thepresentsituationisencouraging．(表语)目前的形势是令人鼓舞的。Thepresentsituationisencouragingustostrideforwardinproduction.(现在进行时)目前的形势正在鼓舞我们在生产上迈步前进。Theproblemisquitepressing．(表语)问题很紧迫。Sheispressingthebutton.(现在进行时)她正在按电钮。[即学即练4]——单句语法填空①Thesituationbothathomeandabroadisvery(inspire).②Thebookis(interest)andI'minterestedinit.③Herememberedournamesfromtenyearsago—isn'tthatjust(amaze)?【答案】1.inspiring2.interesting3.amazingⅠ.单句语法填空1．Poemswhichhadseemeddulland(bore)suddenlycametolife.2．Thebirdnarrowlyescaped(shoot)bythehunter.3．Shelookedsmallandgentleandaltogether(charm).4．Doyoufeellike(have)awalkwithmeaftersupper?5．Myfathersuggested(read)morebooksinmysparetime.6．Toavoid(see)bytheteacher,Tonystoleintotheclassroombythebackdoor.7．Haveyouconsidered(build)ahouseinthecountryside?8．Someofthechildrenareshyandtheyhavesomedifficultyin(make)friends.

159．Weregret(inform)youthatyouwillhavetogiveupthischance.10．Weagreed(meet)here，butsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet.【答案】1.boring2.beingshot3.charming4.having5.reading6.beingseen7.building8.making9.toinform10.tomeetⅡ.完成句子1．目前形势令人惊恐。Thepresentsituationis．2．这个问题正在会上讨论。Thisquestionatthemeeting.3．当这个人看完信后，他看着他的朋友。Afterthemanfinished,helookedathisfriend.4．李明一直梦想着将来可以开始他自己的生意。LiMinghasalwaysbeendreamingofinthefuture.5．尽管我是一个残疾人，但我在生活中总是喜欢帮助别人。WhileI'madisabledman,Ialwaysenjoyinmydailylife.【答案】1.isterrifying2.isbeingdiscussed3.readingtheletter,4.startinghisownbusiness5.helpingothers写作园地介绍性说明文介绍性说明文是根据某种特定的需要，对事物的性质、特点、功能做出客观、科学的解释，从而给人知识或传播信息的一种文体。它主要运用说明的表达方式，向别人介绍清楚事物是怎么样的。对被介绍对象起解释、阐述的作用。[基本框架]第一段：开头对要说明的事物或事情简要介绍(点题)；第二段：按照题目提供的信息分层次，按照一定的顺序进行说明，注意语言的客观简明；第三段：结尾照应开头(题目没有特殊要求，不要对此事物发表看法)。[常用词块]1．befamiliarwithitshistory熟悉它的历史2．otherimportantaspects其他重要的方面3．raisetheirawarenessofkeepingfit提高他们的健身意识4．playaveryimportantroleindailycommunication在日常交流中起着非常重要的作用5．thereasonsbehindthis这背后的原因6．theapplicationofnewtechnologies新技术的应用7．accountfortheincrease解释增加的原因

168．foronereasonoranother因某种理由9．anumberoffactors许多因素10．beontheincrease正在增长[常用语句]★精彩开头Today,thetopicis...今天的主题是……Whenyoufind/see...,whatshouldyoudo?当你发现/看到……，你应该怎么做？Asisknowntoall,itisimportantto...众所周知，……是很重要的。★正文佳句Thereasonfor...isthat...……的原因是……Thisbringsouttheimportantfactthat...这引出了一个重要的事实……Moreimportantly,youshould...更重要的是，你应该……Itiswellknownthat...isveryimportantinourdailylivesbecause...众所周知……在我们的日常生活中很重要，因为……...cannotonly...,butalso...……不仅……，而且……...isveryimportant/convenient/helpfulwhenpeoplewantto...当人们想要……时，……很重要/方便/有用。★余味结尾Itwouldgiveusachanceto...这将给我们一个机会……Inaword,aslongasyou...youcan...总之，只要你……你可以……Ifyoucandowhathasbeenmentionedabove,you...如果你能做到以上所提到的，你……[升格示例]根据下面提示写一篇英语短文介绍肢体语言。1．肢体语言的作用(如传递信息等)；2．明白在不同文化中肢体语言的重要性；3．你对肢体语言的看法。注意：1.词数80左右，标题已给出；2．可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；3．短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息。

17BodyLanguage_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[学生习作]BodyLanguagePeopleusebodylanguagetosendmessages.Itishelpfulbecauseitcanhelpmakeyoueasilyunderstood.Whenyouaretalkingwithothers，youarenotjustusingwords，butalsousingbodymovements.Bodylanguageisdifferentindifferentcountries.Itisimportanttoknowthemeaningofgesturesandmovementsinforeigncountries.Usingbodylanguagecorrectlywillhelpcommunicatewithpeople.Ithinkthatitisimportantinourlivestolearnandusebodylanguage.点评：1.该习作语言准确，而且使用了非谓语动词、复合句等，总体来说是一篇不错的作文，但也存在一些问题。2.文章没有分段，缺少框架意识。3.语法结构不够多样，句式不够丰富多变。如没有使用被动语态。4.衔接不够顺畅。[升格作文]BodyLanguageBodylanguageisusedbypeopletosendmessagestooneanother.Whentalkingwithothers,youarenotjustusingwords,butalsousingexpressionsandbodymovements.Differentcountrieshavedifferentbodylanguage.Whenyouuseaforeignlanguage,itisimportanttoknowthemeaningofgesturesandmovementsintheforeigncountries.Usingbodylanguageinacorrectwaywillhelpcommunicatewithpeopleandmakethestayinaforeigncountryeasyandcomfortable.Inaword,Iamconvincedthatitisofgreatimportanceinourlivestolearnandproperlyusebodylanguage.人们之间的沟通除了通过语言外，还可以借助身势语。在英语课上，老师让你根据下列要点用英语写一篇关于身势语对人们交流的帮助的短文。学会使用身势语的好处：1．帮助传递信息；2．借此了解一个国家的文化；3．……要求：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

18______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[参考范文]Firstofall,bodylanguagehelpsustogetourmessagesacross.Sometimesitmaybemoreeffectivethanwords.Also,whenwedon'tknowhowtoexpressourselvesclearly,wecanusebodylanguage.Havingawideknowledgeofaforeigncountry'sbodylanguagecanalsohelpuslearnaboutitsculture.What'smore,usingbodylanguageinacorrectwaywillhelpmakeourstayinaforeigncountryeasyandcomfortablewhiletravellingabroad.Inconclusion,Ithinkthatitisveryimportantforustolearnandusebodylanguage.分层提分题组A基础过关练Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共20分)1．Isawthreesuperbcampbeds，twoofwhichwere(占据)．2．Teachersinthishighschooloftheprogrambecauseit’sgoodforkids’growth.3．Every(交流)betweenkeepersandtheiranimalscreatessomesortofconnections.4．Workers(反应)angrilytothelatestnewsofmorejoblossesatthefactory.5．Whyareyoustaringatme?Areyou(暗示)thatIdidn’tadoptagoodmethod?6．Shefoundherselfinwithherparentsoverherfuturecareerinfashiondesign.7．Ithoughtthatthiswasjustastory，butthenIitwithmyowneyesmanytimes.8．Oceancolorsfromgreentoblue，dependingonthetypeandquantityofphytoplankton(浮游植物)．9．CouldyoudomeaandpickupSamfromschooltoday?10．Youcantrusthimbecausehisinformationcomesfromasource.【答案】1.occupied2.approve3.interaction4.reacted5.implying6.conflict7.witnessed8.vary9.favo(u)r10.reliableⅡ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共16分)11．ofafterclassactivitieswillbeheld，fromtheEnglishcornertotheLiteratureclub.(vary)12．Theofthecompanyisintraininghis.(employ)13．Differentstudentsfromeachotherinmanyaspects.(differ)14．Iamwithmy，whichmostofmytimeeveryday.(occupy)

1915．Ifeelofmyaction，whichisatome.(shame)16．Thefarmercaneasilyweedsfromwantedplants.(distinguish)17．Mybrothersufferingfromisbecomingmoreandmore.(anxiety)18．Herquestionsaboutmyprivatelifeme.(embarrass)【答案】11.Varieties，varying12.employer，employed，employees13.Different，differ14.occupied，occupation，occupies15.ashamed，shameful，shame16.distinguished，distinguish17.anxiety，anxious18.embarrassing，embarrassedⅢ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共16分)19．她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。这个笑容融化了我内心的坚冰。(排比句)(读后续写之喜乐心理描写).20．没有什么比参加5km越野比赛更有意义的了，它对我们身心都有益处。(否定词＋比较级)thefivekilometercrosscountryrunningrace，whichbenefitsusphysicallyandmentally.21．并非每个学生都真正理解尊重和传播中国传统文化的重要性。(部分否定).22．既绝望又无助，简跪了下去，悔恨的泪水从她的脸颊上流了下来。(with复合结构)(读后续写之孤独郁闷心理描写)Desperateandhelpless，Janekneltdown，.【答案】19.Thesmileonherfaceshonelikeadiamond.Thesmilemeltedtheiceinmyheart20.Nothingismorerewardingthantakingpartin21.Noteverystudentis/EverystudentisnotreallyawareoftheimportanceofrespectingandspreadingChinesetraditionalculture.22.withtearsofregretrollingdownhercheeks题组B能力提升练Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元ReadingandThinking部分Gesturescan1.(use)toexpresswhat’sgoingoninpeople’smindsintheinteractions2.others，butthesamegesturemayhavedifferentmeaningsindifferentcountries.Forinstance，insomecountries，lookingintotheeyesofthepersonyouaretalkingto3.(be)awaytodisplayinterest，butinmanyMiddleEasterncountriesmenandwomenshouldavoid4.(make)eyecontact.Inmostcountries,5.(shake)one’sheadmeans“no”andnoddingmeans“yes”．By6.(compare)，inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania，thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.Incountries7.FranceandRussia，peoplemaykisstheirfriendson8.cheekwhentheymeet.Elsewhere，peoplefavourshakinghands，bowingfromthewaist，ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.Allinall，bodylanguage9.(vary)fromculturetoculture，butitissafe

2010.(follow)thegoldenrule—WheninRome，doastheRomansdo.【答案】1.beused2.with3.is4.making5.shaking6.comparison7.like8.the9.varies20.tofollow请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后翻译短文并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：动词ing形式作宾语和表语)Inourinteractionswithothers，weemployappropriatebodylanguage，namely,nonverballanguagetodemonstrateourinternalemotions.Sometimeswehavedifficultyininterpretinganddistinguishinggesturesbecausetheyaren’t1..Soweshouldlearntoperceive，assessandadjustourwordsaccordingly.Forinstance，ifapersonisembarrassedandashamed，hewill2.hishead，bendhisbodyandstareattheground.Ifapersonboilswithangerorexperiencesanxiety，hewillhaveatendencytocrosswitharmsinfrontofhischest，withtearsrollingdownhischeeks.Ifapersondoesnotmovehiseyesforalongtime，itmeansthatheis3..Ifapersonapprovesofor4.aplan，hemaybewitnessedstraighteningupandnoddinghishead.Certainlywecan’talwaysmakereliableinferencesbecausebodylanguage5.frompersontoperson.Nevertheless，Istillcallonpeopletorevealbodylanguagewiththepurposeofbreakingdownthebarriersinourdailycommunication.Afterall，properlyreactingtobodylanguageisanimportantcomponentofourdailyroutine.【答案】1.identical2.lower3.distracted4.favours5.varies题组C培优拔尖练Ⅰ.完形填空[一]Daniellewaslivinginanewcitywithnolocalbankofherown.Shedesperatelyneededto1abanktocashherpaycheck.Formorethantwoweeks，shemade2oneafteranotherbutinvain.Danielledecidedtoattendameetingatthelocalwomen’sresourcecenter.Thewomentherehadbeenastrongsourceofencouragementsinceshecamehere.SittingnexttoDanielle，Amybegantosharethedetailsofher3situation.Shewasjustdaysawayfrom4herhomeandhercar.Herphoneandelectricserviceswerebothscheduledtobecancelled.Herhusbandhadgambledawaytheirmoney.Shehadnothingleft.AsAmydescribedthesituation，Danielle5asoftwhisperinherheart：“Afterthemeeting，giveAmytwentydollars.”Danielleimmediatelythought，“ButIcan’t.Ionlyhavefortydollars.”Sheheardthe6again.Danielleknewsheneededtofollow.7themeetingconcluded，she8herpurseandquietlyhandedtwentydollarstoAmy.KnowingDanielle’ssituation，Amywas9toacceptitatfirst.Butasacrowdofwomen10togiveAmyhugsofsupport，Danielletoldherthatshewantedhertohaveit.ThenDanielleleft.Withjusttwentydollarsleftinherwallet，Danielledecidedtotrycashingherpaycheckatjustonemorebankbefore11home.Shewas12filledwithrenewedconfidenceandoptimism.Shewalkedintothebanknexttothewomen’scenter.Momentslater，thebank13herpaycheckwithnoquestionsasked.Wearingabigsmile，Daniellereturnedhome.Realizingtruehopehasno14，shecontinuestobe15forthelifetimesupplythatshereceivedforjusttwentydollars.

21语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Danielle的一段困难的经历。她曾经一直无法找到能够兑现支票的银行，所以过着困顿的生活。在当地一家妇女会参加活动时，Danielle听说了Amy的经历，将自己仅有的40美元分了一半给Amy，希望帮助更为困顿的Amy。在回家之前，她再次去银行尝试兑现支票，结果成功了。Danielle意识到希望无价。1．A.selectB．findC．consultD．searchB【解析】句意为：她急需找一家银行兑现她的薪水支票。select选择；find找；consult咨询；search搜寻。故选B项。2．A.decisionsB．choicesC．appointmentsD．attemptsD【解析】句意为：两个多星期了，她尝试了一家又一家银行但都是徒劳。decision决定；choice选择；appointment约会；attempt尝试。故选D项。3．A.similarB．uniqueC．desperateD．socialC【解析】句意为：坐在Danielle旁边的Amy开始讲述她绝望处境的细节。similar相似的；unique独特的；desperate令人绝望的；social社会的。根据下文Amy快失去房子、车子，甚至连电话都快被停用了可知，Amy处于很绝望的状况。故选C项。4．A.ruiningB．leavingC．missingD．losingD【解析】句意为：她离失去房子和车子只有几天了。ruin毁灭；leave离开；miss错过；lose失去。故选D项。5．A.receivedB．foundC．heardD．feltC【解析】句意为：当Amy描述这一情况时，Danielle听到心里有个声音轻声说：“集会结束后，给艾米20美元”。receive收到；find发现；hear听到；feel感觉到。故选C项。6．A.storyB．adviceC．orderD．voiceD【解析】句意为：她再次听到了那个声音。story故事；advice建议；order命令；voice声音。根据上文的whisper和引号里的内容可知，此处应是声音。故选D项。7．A.BeforeB．whileC．WhenD．ThoughC【解析】句意为：当集会结束时，她伸进了她的钱包，安静地把20美元递给Amy。before之前；while当……的时候；when当……的时候；though尽管。故选C项。8．A.reachedintoB．putawayC．gaveoutD．tookonA【解析】句意见上题解析。reachinto伸手去拿；putaway收起来；giveout分发；takeon承担。根据后文可知，她应当是从钱包里掏出20美元递给Amy。故选A项。9．A.unwillingB．anxiousC．eagerD．embarrassedA【解析】句意为：Amy知道Danielle的处境，一开始并不愿意接受。unwilling不情愿的；anxious焦虑的；eager渴望的；embarrassed尴尬的。故选A项。10．A.intendedB．approachedC．managedD．continuedB【解析】句意为：但当一群女性走过来给Amy拥抱支持时，Danielle告诉她，上帝想让她拥有它。intend意图；approach临近；manage管理；continue继续。故选B项。

2211．A.leavingB．sailingC．headingD．departingC【解析】句意为：钱包里只剩下20美元，Danielle决定在回家前再去一家银行兑现她的支票。leave离开；sail航行；head朝着；depart出发。此处指回家前，所以是朝着家的方向。故选C项。12．A.anyhowB．somehowC．thereforeD．otherwiseB【解析】句意为：不知怎么地，她又恢复了信心和乐观。anyhow无论如何；somehow不知怎么地；therefore因此；otherwise否则。故选B项。13．A.countedB．checkedC．cashedD．testedC【解析】句意为：过了一会儿，银行兑现了她的支票，没有问任何问题。count数数；check检查；cash支付现金；test测试。故选C项。14．A.priceB．costC．causeD．purposeA【解析】句意为：意识到真正的希望是无价的，她不断感谢那段用20美元换来的终身经验。price价格；cost花费；cause结果；purpose目的。故选A项。15．A.readyB．welcomeC．fortunateD．thankfulD【解析】句意见上题解析。ready准备好的；welcome受欢迎的；fortunate幸运的；thankful感激的。根据语境可知，故选D项。[二]WhenIwasgrowingup，westilldidChristmasgiftexchangesatschool.1lettinguspickwhowebroughtagiftfor，wewerepairedbydrawingaclassmate’s2outofahat(随机)．Oneyear，whenIwassixorseven，Iwas3withaboynamedGordon.Evenatthatage，wewereallvery4thatGordon’sfamilydidn’thavemuchmoney，andwhenhegavemeasmall，seemingly5giftatourgiftexchange，abunchofmyclassmatesstartedmakingfunofhim.Ihatetoadmitit，butI6them.WhenIgothomefromschoolthatday，Ishowedmymotherthegiftandtoldherwhathadhappened.SheexplainedtomethatthepresentGordonhadgivenmewasprobablyfarmore7forhisfamilytobuythantheoneIhadgivenhim.ThenIfelt8thatsomethingIhadsaidhadmorethanlikelyreally9someone，andIjustcouldn’tlivewithmyself.Thenextdayatschool，IfoundGordonand10himforthepresentandtoldhimIreallylikedit.NotbecausemymothertoldmeIshould，butbecauseIknewinmyheartitwastherightthingtodo.Thatisoneofthose11thatstillsting(刺疼)alittlebitalltheseyearslater，becauseIwasso12inthewayIacted.Yousee，mymotherwastheabsolutebest13ofsomeonewhocouldalwaysfindgoodinpeople，andsheworkedto14everyoneshecameintocontactwith.Herswerebigshoestofill，sowhenI15toemulate(模仿)her，Iwasextremelyhardonmyself—notbecauseIletherdown，butbecauseIletmyselfdown.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的童年时期与同学Gordon互换圣诞节礼物，Gordon不起眼的礼物受到了其他同学和作者的嘲笑，在妈妈的解释下，作者认识到这份不起眼的礼物可能对于Gordon的家庭来说已经很昂贵了，从而认识到要为他人着想，并以妈妈为榜样效仿学习。1．A.InspiteofB．ApartfromC．RegardlessofD．InsteadofD【解析】句意为：不是让我们挑选礼物送给谁，而是通过随机抽取一个同学的名字配成一组。inspite

23of尽管，不顾；apartfrom除了……外(都)，要不是；regardlessof不管，不顾；insteadof代替，而不是。故选D项。2．A.faceB．nameC．familyD．giftB【解析】句意见上题解析。face脸；name名字；family家庭；gift礼物。前文动词“drawing”有“抽签”的含义，所以，应是抽取写有同学名字的字条。故选B项。3．A.arrangedB．appointedC．invitedD．pairedD【解析】句意为：有一年，在我六七岁的时候，我和一个叫Gordon的男孩结对。arrange安排，布置；appoint任命，安排；invite邀请；pair把……组成一对。此处与前文“wewerepaired”相呼应，bepairedwithsb.意为“与某人组成一组/一对”。故选D项。4．A.awareB．surprisedC．curiousD．confusedA【解析】句意为：即使在那个年纪，我们都很了解Gordon的家没有多少钱，当他在我们的礼物交换会上送给我一个看似不起眼的小礼物时，我的一帮同学开始取笑他。aware知道，了解；surprised惊讶的；curious好奇的；confused困惑的。故选A项。5．A.practicalB．extraordinaryC．unimpressiveD．attractiveC【解析】句意见上题解析。practical实际的，可行的；extraordinary意想不到的，令人惊奇的；unimpressive普通的，没有印象的；attractive吸引人的。前文“whenhegavemeasmall”提及是一个“小”礼物，与此相呼应，应是“普通的，不起眼的”。故选C项。6．A.blamedB．refusedC．partedwithD．joinedD【解析】句意为：虽然我不愿意承认，但我还是加入了他们(一起嘲笑他)。blame责备；refuse拒绝；partwith与……分开；join参加，加入。joinsb.加入某人一起。故选D项。7．A.smartB．expensiveC．difficultD．meaningfulB【解析】句意为：她向我解释说，对他的家庭来说，Gordon给我的礼物可能比我给他的要贵得多。smart聪明的；expensive昂贵的；difficult困难的；meaningful有意义的。故选B项。8．A.urgentB．angryC．horribleD．proudC【解析】句意为：然后我觉得(自己)很糟糕，我说的话很可能真的伤害了别人，我无法不内疚。urgent紧急的，迫切的；angry生气的；horrible十分讨厌的，可恶的；proud骄傲的。故选C项。9．A.frightenedB．hurtC．destroyedD．botheredB【解析】句意见上题解析。frighten使害怕；hurt使(身体上、感情上)受伤；destroy破坏，毁坏；bother使烦恼。根据前文可知，作者同其他同学一起嘲笑了Gordon，这样的行为应是使Gordon在感情上受到了伤害。故选B项。10．A.praisedB．respectedC．congratulatedD．interestedA【解析】句意为：第二天在学校，我找到了Gordon，称赞了他这件礼物，并告诉他我真的很喜欢。praise表扬，称赞；respect尊敬，尊重；congratulate祝贺；interest使感兴趣。故选A项。11．A.jokesB．memoriesC．choicesD．opportunitiesB【解析】句意为：这是那些多年后仍然让我有点心痛的记忆之一，因为我对自己当时的行为很失望。joke笑话；memory记忆；choice选择；opportunity机会。故选B项。

2412．A.disappointedB．frustratedC．excitedD．annoyedA【解析】句意见上题解析。disappointed失望的；frustrated沮丧的；excited兴奋的；annoyed恼怒的。根据后文“notbecauseIletherdown，butbecauseIletmyselfdown”可知，作者应是对自己当时嘲笑Gordon的行为感到失望。故选A项。13．A.educatorB．sampleC．participantD．exampleD【解析】句意为：你看，我的母亲绝对是一个最好的榜样，她总是能发现别人的优点并努力去为她接触到的每一个人着想。educator教育工作者；sample样品；participant参与者；example例子，榜样。故选D项。14．A.buildupB．giveuponC．bringupD．lookoutforD【解析】句意见上题解析。buildup增进，加强；giveupon对……表示绝望；bringup养育，提出；lookoutfor留意，提防，为……着想。故选D项。15．A.wantedB．hurriedC．failedD．learnedC【解析】句意为：她太出色，所以当我没能效仿她时，我对自己非常苛刻——不是因为我让她失望了，而是因为我让自己失望了。want想要；hurry仓促(做某事)，匆忙；fail失败；learn学习，了解。故选C项。Ⅱ.语法填空WhenZhangLingshanwasachild，shewouldwatchtheChineseperioddramaPalaceontelevision，attractedbythecharacters’ancientclothing.Shedidn’tknowwhatthesebeautifulclothes1.(call)—onlythattheywerefromsome2.(distance)past.“Theylookedfairy-like，dreamy，”shesaid.“Iwascompletelydrawnbythebeautyoftheseclothes，andthen3.(eventual)cametounderstandthecultureofHanfu，andIlikeditmoreandmore.”Nowagednineteen4.livinginBeijing，ZhangisamemberofChina’sgrowing“Hanfumovement”—arenaissance(复兴)oftheancientclothingtraditionallywornbyethnic-majorityHanChinesebefore5.QingDynasty.Tight-knitHanfucommunitiesanduniversityclubsoftenmeetupforthemed6.(activity)．Zhangandherfriendssometimesvisitplaceswithancientarchitecture，likeBeijing’sForbiddenCity,7.emperorsoncelived，totakephotosincostumeandpostthemonsocialmedia.Nowadays，Hanfuisseenasaway8.(celebrate)Chinesecultureandimprovenationalself-esteem.Inthepastfewyears，Hanfuclubsandsocialmediaplatforms9.(help)bringtheHanclothingbackunderthespotlight.“It’stheconfidenceoftheyoungerpeople，theconfidenceofthecountry，”saidChristineTsui，afashioncolumnistandresearcher10.(base)inShanghai.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉服的复兴。1.werecalled【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，动词call与主语clothes之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态；know后面是宾语从句，主语时态为一般过去时，从句也用相应的过去时态，此处应用一般过去时；clothes是复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填werecalled。2.　distant【解析】考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词past。故填distant。3.　eventually【解析】考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词came。故填eventually。

254.　and【解析】考查连词。此处表示“如今，张玲珊19岁了，并且住在北京”。前后两个短语表并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。5.the【解析】考查冠词。朝代前应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。6.　activities【解析】考查名词的单复数。此处表示“紧密联系的汉服团体和大学汉服社团经常会面举办主题活动”。根据常识可知，组织的活动不止一个，此处应用名词复数形式。故填activities。7.　where【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是Beijing’sForbiddenCity，表示地点；关系词在从句中作地点状语，此处应用where引导该从句。故填where。8.　tocelebrate【解析】考查非谓语动词。awaytodosth.为固定用法，意为“做某事的方式”。故填tocelebrate。9.　havehelped【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由上文中的“Inthepastfewyears”可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语为Hanfuclubsandsocialmediaplatforms，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填havehelped。10.based【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，afashioncolumnistandresearcher与base之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词形式。bebasedin...在……居住(或工作)。故填based。