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2017届硕士专业学位研究生学位论文学号：2015300333AReportontheSimulatedSimultaneousInterpretationofLeehom’sTalkinWilliamsCollege王力宏在威廉姆斯学院座谈模拟同传实践报告论文作者：陈晓娟指导教师：卢卫中孙晓兰培养单位：翻译学院专业学位类别：翻译硕士专业学位领域：英语口译2017年6月15日 AReportontheSimulatedSimultaneousInterpretationofLeehom’sTalkinWilliamsCollegeAThesisPresentedtotheSchoolofTranslationStudiesQufuNormalUniversityInPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsFortheDegreeofMasterofTranslationandInterpretingByChenXiaojuanUndertheSupervisionofProfessorLuWeizhongandLecturerSunXiaolanJune2017 AbstractThisreportisbasedontheauthor’sinterestinLeehom’sachievementsandhisreportinOxford.Aftergainingsomeexperiencefromthetraininginsimultaneousinterpretation,theauthorattemptstocarryoutasimulatedinterpretationof“2016HonoraryDegreeRecipientLeehominWilliamsCollege”andputsforwardcertaincopingstrategiesforsolvingthedifficultiesencounteredduringtheinterpretation.Thisreportmainlyconsistsoffiveparts,includingintroduction,taskdescription,caseanalysis,relevantreflectionsandconclusion.Theintroductionpartshowsthebackgroundandsignificanceofthisreport.Parttwogivesadescriptionofinterpretingtask.Itintroducesthebackgroundinformation,includinginformationaboutthespeaker,audiencesandrequirementsoftheinterpreter.Italsoprovidesdetailedinformationoftheinterpreter’spreparationandthewholeinterpretingprocess.Caseanalysisservesasthemostimportantpartofthisreport,inwhichsamplesofthefirstversionandthelastonearecomparedstrictlyinaccordancewiththetimeline,andalsothedifficultiesthattheinterpreterencountersduringthisprocessandtheinterpreter’scountermeasuresarecarefullydiscussed.Byputtingintopracticesuchmethodsasconversion,syntacticlinearityandomission,theauthortriestomaketheinterpretinglanguagefluent.Thefourthpartdescribesthereflectionsgainedfromthisinterpretingpractice,providingsomeusefuladvicetoallthosewould-beinterpretersorinterpretationactivitiesandthentheauthormakestheconclusion.Theauthorlaysemphasisprincipallyonthreeparts:toshowhowtomakeafullpreparation;toprobeintoproblemsarisingfrominsufficientbackgroundinformationandanxiety;tosummarizeherowndifficultiesandraisepossiblesolutionstothesedifficultiesThroughthisreport,theauthorconcludesthatallinterpretationlearnersshouldimprovetheirpsychologicaldiathesisandoperationskillsinordertodealwiththeunexpectedchallengesintheprocessofinterpreting.Keywords:simulatedsimultaneousinterpretation;syntacticlinearity;omissioni 摘要本报告作者对王力宏在音乐方面所取得的突出成就有浓厚兴趣，及其对主人公在牛津大学所做的精彩演讲印象深刻，故而成为选题的对象。在经历过一年的口译训练之后作者尝试对“2016年王力宏获母校荣誉博士”一文进行模拟口译，并就口译过程中遇到的难点问题提出了应对策略。本报告主要包括介绍、任务描述、案例分析、作者反思以及结论五个部分。第一部分主要阐明了背景以及该报告的意义。第二部分主要对背景知识做了详细介绍，其中包括王力宏以及主持人。同时，作者对所选取的听众以及译员的要求做了详细介绍。接下来为口译过程描述，作者重点对口译过程以及译后如何调整口译策略展开描述。第三部分为本报告的主要内容之一，即案例分析。案例分析过程中，作者总结第一遍口译工作的不足并在其基础上进行第二遍口译，作者灵活运用转换、顺句驱动以及省略等策略，使行文更加流畅。接着作者对本次口译实践做出反思，并对口译学习者提出有效建议从而得出结论。在从事此口译实践报告过程中，作者重点注重如下三个方面的问题：第一，作者在译前需做充分准备；第二，通过案例分析找出在口译过程中存在的问题以及难点；第三，通过多方反馈和反思找出弥补问题的方法及翻译策略。通过本报告，作者得出如下结论，即认为口译学习者通过提高心理素质和操作技能可以更好地应对口译过程中发生的意外情况。关键词：模拟同声传译；顺句驱动；省略ii ContentsAbstract...........................................................................................................................................i摘要...............................................................................................................................................ii1.Introduction...............................................................................................................................11.1BackgroundoftheReport..................................................................................................11.2PurposeandSignificanceoftheReport.............................................................................12.TaskDescription........................................................................................................................22.1BackgroundInformation....................................................................................................22.1.1InformationabouttheSpeakers................................................................................22.1.2InformationabouttheAudiences.............................................................................22.1.3InformationabouttheInterpreterandHerRequirements........................................22.2Pre-taskInterpretation........................................................................................................32.2.1AppropriateStrategiesforTranslatinganEnglishInterview...................................32.2.2DetailedInformationoftheLocation,TimeandPartiesInvolved...........................42.2.3SpecificPreparation.................................................................................................43.CaseAnalysis.............................................................................................................................53.1StrategiesinCommonInterpretingProcess.......................................................................53.1.1SyntacticLinearity...................................................................................................53.1.2Omission...................................................................................................................73.2DifficultiesandSolutionsinThisInterpretingProcess......................................................83.2.1LackofBackgroundInformation.............................................................................83.2.2FailuretoKeepPacewithSpeakers.........................................................................93.2.3AnxietyandInappropriateOutput..........................................................................104.Reflections................................................................................................................................134.1ModificationofInterpretingStrategies............................................................................134.2FeedbackfromAudiences,Partners,andtheInterpreterHerself.....................................134.3LessonsGainedfromtheInterpretingProcess.................................................................144.3.1NoBackgroundInformation,NoInterpretation.....................................................144.3.2Flexibility,anExtraBonus.....................................................................................145.Conclusion................................................................................................................................16References....................................................................................................................................17Appendix......................................................................................................................................18Acknowledgements........................................................................................................................39 1.Introduction1.1BackgroundoftheReportAsweenterthe21stcentury,globalizationispromotingcommunicationsandexchangesinthefieldsofpolitics,religion,ideologyandespeciallyculture.Nowadays,interviewprogramshavedrawnstronginterestamongtheyoungandtheold.However,forthoseChineseaudienceswhowanttoappreciateEnglishinterviewprograms,languageisastumblingblockforthem.Therefore,toconductasimulatedsimultaneousinterpretingofLeehom’stalkinthe“2016HonoraryDegreeRecipientLeehominWilliamsCollege”isofgreatimportancewhetherinsavingtimeorinovercominglanguagebarriersforoverseasaudiences.1.2PurposeandSignificanceoftheReportThepurposeofthetaskcanbesummarizedintotwoaspects:first,fromtheperspectiveofinternationalculturalexchange,itaimstointroducetheextensiveanddiversifiedforeignculturetothepeoplearoundtheworldwhoisinterestedinforeigncultureandfondofpopmusic.Further,thesourcetextcanbeservedasanEnglish-Chinesesimultaneousinterpretingmaterialtothosewhowanttohavebackgroundknowledgeandimprovesimultaneousinterpretingskillsofthiskindoftext.Accordingtotheauthorofthisreport,thesignificanceofthetasklieschieflyinthefollowingthreeaspects:Firstly,thetranslationofthesourcetextisofgreatrealisticsignificance.Itisimportantforpeopletolearnsomebackgroundknowledge.Theywillbeabletohaveabriefunderstandingofpopmusicinadvancebasedontheintroductionofthesourcetext.Secondly,thetranslationwillbeareadableandenjoyabletextforChinesereaderswhoareinterestedinit.Itwillhelptopromoteexchangeofculturesbetweenourtwocountriesandbenefittheinnovationandintegrationofmusicalworld.Lastly,thetranslationwhichincludesacomprehensiveintroductionofWilliamsCollegeanditwillbefavorableforChinesereaderstoknowaboutWilliamsCollegeandpersuademorestudentsintogoingabroadforfurthereducation.1 2.TaskDescription2.1BackgroundInformationThispartischieflyanintroductiontoLeehom’stalkinthe“2016HonoraryDegreeRecipientLeehominWilliamsCollege”.Consideringitsshootingtime,theinterpreterneedstocollectenoughinformationofmusicandpersonalintroductionofLeehom.2.1.1InformationabouttheSpeakersAsitisaninterview,allthespeakersshouldbelistedforbetterunderstanding.Inthisinterpretingwork,LeehomistheintervieweeandTonyShepherdandAndyJassyaretheinterviewers.Thedetailedinformationislistedasfollows:Lee-HomWang(Chinese:王力宏;pinyin:WángLìhóng;bornMay17,1976;betterknownasLeehomWangorWangLeehom)isanAmericansingerandsongwriterofTaiwanesedescent,whohasachievedsuccessinTaiwan,Malaysia,China,HongKong,Singapore,Japan,ThailandandtherestofSoutheastAsia.HisEnglishisclearlyunderstoodinmostoccasionsandittendstoreducethedifficultiesintheinterpretingwork.TonyShepherdteachesintheMusicDepartmentofWilliamsCollege.AndyJassyalsoteachesinthesamedepartment,andisabrilliantartistinresidenceinjazz.Bothofthemaretheinterviewersofthisinterviewandtheauthorofthisreportreviewsmanypreviousvideosfromthesetwopersonsandtriestoovercomesomeaccentsofthewholeinterpretation.2.1.2InformationabouttheAudiencesTheaudienceswerechosenfromfourfields,thatis,2foreignteachers,3experiencedinterpreters,6oftheinterpreter’sclassmatesand5postgraduatestudentsofothercollegeswhowereinterestedinLeehomandhisachievementsandhadagoodunderstandingofEnglish.ThereasonwhytheauthorwantedtochoosethoseaudiencesisthatshewantedtomakethisreporthavearepresentativeviewwithdifferentlevelsofEnglishlearners.2.1.3InformationabouttheInterpreterandHerRequirementsThereweretwoassignedinterpretersforthisinterview:onewastheauthorandtheotherwasaninterpreterwhohasgraduatedfromGuangdongUniversityofForeignStudies.Thisinterviewlastedaboutnearlytwohoursandtheauthoronlychosethefirst50minutesandthetwointerpreterstookturnsininterpretingeverytwenty-fiveminutes.Theauthorwasassignedforthefirsttwenty-fiveminutes.2 Afterbeingtrainedandexercisingformorethanoneandhalfyears,theinterpreterhasgainedsomeexperienceinsimultaneousinterpretation.Inaddition,theinterpretingpracticewasrecommendedbytheauthor’sfriendandtheauthorhasdiscussedwiththesupervisorwhohadthreerequirementsfortheinterpreter.First,theinterpreterwassupposedtohaveadequateknowledgeaboutspeakersandsomespecializedknowledgeaboutthistopic.LeehomWanghasmadegreatlyprogressinthefieldofpopmusicandthecomplexityofthedevelopmentofthemusiccultureinmodernsociety.SomeissueswhichweretakenforgrantedascommonsensebyEnglishwereabitmoredifficulttointerpretertonativeEnglishspeaker.Sotheinterpreterwassupposedtohaveadequateknowledgeaboutmusic.Second,theinterpreterwasexpectedtodeliverinformationclearlyandfluently.AstheaudiencesareChineseandmaylackmusicalbackgroundknowledge,theinterpreteroughttodeliverinformationcorrectlyandmaketheinterpretationbeacceptedinareasonableway.Third,theinterpreterwassupposedtoperformseriousworkingbehaviorsandmannersbutkeepthesamestylewiththespeakersatthesametime.Asforthedressing,theinterpreterusuallyshoulddressformalinspecialoccasions.2.2Pre-taskInterpretationPre-interpreting,asapreliminaryprocessofinterpretingpractice,isimportantforthewholeinterpretingwork.Ithelpsidentifythelinguisticfeaturesoftheinterpretationandhelpsfindouttheproblemsanddifficultiestheinterpretermayencounterduringinterpreting.Thecurrentinterpretercanmakeaproperinterpretingworkandadoptappropriateinterpretationtheories,methodsandskillsbasedonthepre-interpreting.Afterallthesearedone,thefollowinginterpretationwillbegoingmoresmoothly.Accordingtothe“EffortModel”(Gile,1999),theprogressingabilityofhumanbrainislimited,whichconfinesthehandlingofmanythingsatthesametime.Duringthewholeprocessoftheinterpretingwork,interpretersareexpectedtomakefullpreparationandperfectperformance.Ifonetaskcoststoomuchtimeandeffort,othersmaybeaffected.Fromthispointofview,itisnotdifficulttoconcludethatfullpreparationcaneffectivelyreducetheprocessingtimeofeachtaskandleadtoasatisfyinginterpretingresult.(DongZhenzhen,2007).2.2.1AppropriateStrategiesforEnglishInterviewProgramsDifferentfromothercommonSIprocesses,SIofaninterviewhasitsownuniquefeatures,asarelistedbelow:Firstly,itischaracterizedbytwo-waycommunicationormore,whichmeansthatthetalking3 maynotbeformalandthequestionsmaybeflexible.Secondly,interviewsareoftenbroadcastonTVandTVisaformofmassmedia,centeringonaudiences.Therefore,interpretersshouldtakeprogrameffects,tonequalityandwaysofexpressionintoconsideration.Thirdly,itisalmostimpossibleforinterpreterstopredictwhatisgoingtohappenatacertainmoment.Fourthly,culturaldifferencesexistduringtheprocessofinterpreting.(WuYuanning,2015)Soaccordingtothecharacteristicsmentionedabove,theauthorchoosesthecommonlyusedstrategiesintoherinterpretingwork.Conversion,syntacticlinearity,omissionarethemainstrategies.Theauthortriestheseinherinterpretingwork.Also,asasimultaneousinterpreter,somestrategiescanbeusedininterpretingwork.Thefirstoneisaskingforpartner’shelpwhencopingwithchallengesduringtheinterpretingwork.Iftheinterpretermeetssomechallengesinherwork,sheneedstocalmdownandstayfocusedonwhatthespeakerissaying,catchthelogicofthesourcetextandinterprettheSLaccordingtothecontext.2.2.2DetailedInformationoftheLocation,TimeandPartiesInvolvedThesimulatedinterpretingtookplaceinthesimultaneousinterpretingclassroomoftheQufuNormalUniversityonOctober6th.Accompaniedwiththeinterpreteraresomeforeignteachersandexperiencedinterpretersandgraduatestudents.Also,theauthor’sclassmatesanticipatedinthisinterpretingworktohelpcontrolrecordingequipmentandserveasaudiencestogivetheinterpretersomefeedback.2.2.3SpecificPreparationTheauthorandherpartnersgottothesimultaneousinterpretingclassroomat8:00am.Shewenttochecktheinterpretingequipmentandintroducedhowtouseittoherpartner.QufuNormalUniversityhasownedmuchmoreadvancedequipmentnowandeverysetoftheequipmentincludedaReceiverandaSpeaker.Theauthorandherpartnerwereassignedtositintheboothanddonetheinterpretingwork.AlltheaudiencesgottheinformationfromtheReceiversandheardtheinformationonthehall.Becausetheauthorandherpartnerdidn’thavethescriptbefore,theyhadtousetheircollectedinformationsoastomakeitsuccessful.Theauthortalkedtoherpartneraboutherpreviousworkandmadethetimeshift:25minutes.4 3.CaseAnalysis3.1StrategiesinCommonInterpretingProcessDifferentfromgeneralinterpretingwork,simultaneousinterpretationhasitsowncharacteristics.Therefore,it’snecessarytousesomespecificinterpretationstrategiestohelpustocopewithrelevantchallengesinsimultaneousinterpretation.Syntacticlinearityandomissionaretwoofthemostusefulstrategies.3.1.1SyntacticLinearitySyntacticlinearityistokeeporiginalstructureofthetargetlanguagewhilenotchangingthesequenceofphrasesorsentences.Thefeatureofsyntacticlinearityisconversationalandtime-effect.SousingsyntacticlinearitytointerpretbasedontheorderofSTcouldreducethepressureofinterpretersowingtothetimepressure.Example1ST:Althoughit’sworthmentioningthathe’smade15CDsunderhisownname,hasbeenin11moviesincludingonebyonlylesscautionwhichisaveryfamousmovie…TT:(1second)尽管我们已经提到，他的个人专辑已经达到15张,出演过11部电影，包括一部很著名的电影……ItcanbeclearlyseenthatduetothedifferenceofsubordinateclausebetweenEnglishandChinese,theinterpretermadeamistakeofinappropriatepausewhichinfluencedfluencyofthewholeinterpreting.Thismovewillcausetheinterpreter’sunstablespeechrateanddisturbaudiences’listeningexperience.Tocopewiththisproblem,skillsofsyntacticlinearityarenecessarytobeemployed.DuetodifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishinwordorder,theinterpreteroftentakestheinitiativeandconstantlysegmentssensegroupsorconceptunitsinordertonarrowdownthetimegapwiththespeakerandonlyinterprettheintegralmeaning.Thisstrategyiscalledsyntacticlinearitybasedonsentencesegmentation(ZhangWeiwei,1999).Accordingtothisstrategy,theinterpretercansegmentthiswholesentenceandrearrangeitintothefollowingChineseversion:“个人专辑15张，出演过11部著名电影”and“尽管我们已经提到”.Example2ST:It’sonmygoshshe’sinthisjazzinflectedpianosolothat’sgoingonforacoupleminutes,andthenit’swheredidthestringquartetcomefromandyouoweonitontojustsetoutandouttodo5 thatatsomepoint.YoujustsayI’mgoingtobeasdiversestylisticallyasIcananditmaybethebiggerquestionishowdoestheaudiencegowiththeflowasyourdramaticallyinaliveconcertoronanalbumchangingstylesfromonetime.TT:然后又变成了几分钟的爵士钢琴独奏，这就是所谓的弦乐四重奏。你只要想要去做同时也确实这么做了，仿佛在昭示自己的风格多变。现在问题是在演唱会上或者在专辑上你的听众是如何感受你这个一时多变的风格的。Duringthisperiod,thereappearlongsentenceswithattributiveclauseandlongwordclusters.Theauthordoesn’tknowhowtointerpretitwellbutshetriestousesyntacticlinearitystrategyinashorttimeandinterprettheclustersonebyonetogetbetterquality.MaybetherearesomesentenceswhichsoundlessnormalbecauseoftheEnglishexpressinghabits.However,usingthisstrategycouldreducethedifficultyininterpreting.Example3ST:SosometimesIcanworkononesongforfouryears,yeahrecordingit20differentversionsofit.Theacousticguitarversion,theacousticpianoversion,theelectronicversion,andthislikemyharddrivewillbefilledwithlikeversion12345678910.Justgoonandonadifferentversewithadifferentlyricsamehook,andjustalldifferentkindsofpermutationstomakeittherightone.Ilikethisimageoryoucloseyoureyesandlikearadio.Hesaidswitchingchannelsnowanddon’tgetonetillIgot.TT:所以有时候我完成一首歌要花四年，不断的录音,制作出二十个不同的版本，有原声吉他版、原声钢琴版、还有电子版，硬盘里面装满了不同的版本，还在不停地修改，用同样的符尾,但是不同的歌词不同的押韵。我很喜欢你闭着眼，像一个收音机一样在倾听，然后不停变换频道，一直找到那首歌为止。Duringthisinterpretation,theauthorsegmentedtheinputs,identifiersorencodedthechunksofspeechofutteredinthesource.Asaresult,shesavedtimeandinterpretedasmuchinformationaspossible.Example4ST:FactorythechurningoutthepopmusiciansyeahbutIguess,weonlyreachedoneweknowisreallythatthetriumviratewehave,AstonishingChinesewithProfessorKuglerwho’shere.It’sgreattoseeyou.MusicologyandethnomusicologywithProfessorShepherdandjazzharmonywithAndysobetweenthethreeofthem.ItwaslikeaperfectstormforwhatIendedupdoingfortherestofforthenext20years.6 TT:一个批量生产流行音乐家的工厂，我认为，我们只需要一位流行音乐家就够了，实际是三巨头，优秀的中国乐教授库格勒，今天也在场，很高兴见到你。音乐学以及民族音乐家教授谢菲德以及爵士乐和声学安迪，他们三个，就是我接下来二十多年努力的方向。Duringinterpretation,longsentencesareoftenmet.Soitisimportanttosegmentthewholesentencesintopartsandinterpreteachpartonebyone.Inthiscase,thespeakerlistssomedetailedinformationaboutnamesandtheauthortriestosegmentthelongsentencesandinterpreteverysentencecluster.Shealsotriestolistthetriumviratewithsimplestructurestogetherselfbetterunderstood.3.1.2OmissionTheauthorcouldusethestrategyofcancellationofunnecessaryinformation,justlikeVenutisaidinTheTranslator’sInvisibility:AhistoryofTranslation“anethnocentricreductionoftheforeigntexttothetarget-languageculturevalues,bringingtheauthorbackhome”(Venuti,1995:20).Duringtheinterpretingwork,theauthorcaneliminateredundantorunimportantinformationinordertokeeppacewiththespeakers.Example5ST:AndthenIstarttorealizelikeokaywhatisitthatmakesasongconnect,ImeanthisislikeatangentbutIthinkthat,thereareinChinesemusicdefinitelylikeamelodyandlyrics,thereareinChinesemusicdefinitelylikeamelodyandlyrics.ItcouldbeanR&Borarocksong,butthesearedefinitelylawsofgoodmusicgoodsongwritingatleast.TT:然后我意识到是什么把音乐连接起来的,有点像是切线,我认为,在中国音乐里也绝对有旋律和歌词可以是蓝调音乐也可以是摇滚乐可以是电子音乐,或者当前所流行的音乐类型.但是一首好的歌曲绝对是有标准的至少作曲要好。Inthisperiod,thespeakerusedsometherebesentencestructures.Withtimelimited,theinterpreterinterpretedthegeneralmeaningofthesourceutterance,butsheskippedsomepointsinordertocatchupwithspeakers.Sosheinterpreteditinto“可以是蓝调音乐或者摇滚或者是当前流行的某些音乐”.Afterinterpretation,sherevisedtoamoreexactlyversion.Butduringtheinterpreting,shesimplyinterpretedsomepointsandomittedsomeunlessimportantpoints.Example6ST：Sohowdoyougofrombeing,youknow,sodevotedtomusic,usingmusic,andactuallyjustbeforewecanmoveoverthefilm’sitdoesn’ttakelongthesampleonthewebtofindhim7 playinganincrediblerangeofinstruments,keyboardinstrumentsstringinstruments.Youmentionedconductingbutjustmademethinkofallthedifferentinstruments,thatyoupersonallyinliveperformance,youknowinonetrackofonevideoyousaylistento...TT：你是如何专心于音乐？在谈论电影之前在网上很容易找到他演奏不同乐器的视频，有键盘乐器也有弦乐器。你之前提到过指挥让我想到你在现场亲自演奏的各种不同的乐器，在一个个视频里你都会用不同的乐器演奏。Thespeakertalksrandomlyinthisperiodandtherearealsosomeparenthesis,sotokeepthetargettextgoingsmoothly,theauthortakes“omission”strategyinsteadofinterpretingeverywordshehears.Sheomitssomeunimportantkeypointstolettheaudiencesenjoyanintegratedversionsuchas“youknow”.3.2DifficultiesandSolutionsintheInterpretingProcessOwingtolackofbackgroundinformation,limitedtimeforpreparation,lackofreferencematerials,andlimitedsimultaneousinterpretingexperience,theauthorencountersmanyproblemsinherinterpretingwork.Theproblemswillbelistedinthefollowingandtheauthorwilltrytoanalyzetheproblemsandhowtheauthordealswiththisproblemduringtheinterpretation.3.2.1LackofBackgroundInformationTheinterpretermajoredinEnglishInterpretationduringhergraduatestudyandnowworksintheSMSGroupwhichisspecializedinmechanicalmanufacturingandequipmentinstallation.Sosheknowslittleaboutthemusicalknowledgeandhassomeproblemswhenthespeakertalksaboutsomethingaboutmusic.What’smore,theauthordoesn’tgetenoughinformationforthisinterviewandmightencountersomeproblems.Example7thST:Intheearly20centuryandturnthemillennium,youwentanddidsomethingthatwasamajorchangeforpopmusicWhenyoudevelopwhatyoucallcheckoutstyle,whereyoudrewonChinesetraditionalmusicalforms,andIwasthinkingaboutBartokwhenIdidit—really?RightIwasthinkingaboutdebussywhenIdidithowBartoklistentoHungarian,dancerhythmsfromethnicminorities...TT:在千禧年的时候你所做的极大的改变了流行音乐，你创造了一种你称之为检验的风格，吸收了中国的传统音乐形式。我做这个时候想的是巴托克---真的吗？我还想到德彪西以及巴托克从匈牙利人中找到的灵感，从少数民族的舞蹈韵律中找灵感。8 Here,“Bartok”and“debussy”aremetforthefirsttimeandtheinterpretedcouldnotunderstandthem,thusinfluencingtheinterpretationqualityandsomeinformationislost.However,theauthorkeepstheword“Bartok”and“debussy”andtakesthemintothetargetlanguage,whichcancompensatefortheinterpretation.Example8ST:Andsomethingeasyhegavemeforthefirstweek,andhesaidpracticethisandthencomebackinaweek.That’slikemygoshandIwaspracticingsixhoursaday,andtryingtogetwhatthatisadiminishedseventhandwhatis…YouknowIdidn’tknowallthecordsbackthen.TT:以及一些入门的东西，这些是他第一个星期给我的任务，以及一些入门的东西。这些是他第一个星期给我的任务，我的天啊，我很震惊，我一天练习六个小时，想要弄明白什么是。。。。。。减七，还有一些我不明白的东西，我那时完全不了解和弦。Theauthorinterpretedthisparteasilyfirst,butafterthefirstsentence,sheheardthat“getwhatthatisadiminishedseventhandwhatis”,theinterpreterbecamenervous,becauseshewasn’tsurewhatexactlythe“diminishedseventh”is,andthusshemadeapauseinthisplace.Eventhoughshegotstuckatfirst,sheusedtheliteraltranslationstrategyandquicklyinterpreteditinto“减七”.Afterthewholeinterpretation,shesearchedthisfromtheInternetandgottheexactlymeaning.Owingtolackingofbackgroundinformation,theauthormightmakesomepauses.Inthisexample,theinterpreterusedtheliteraltranslationstrategyandmadetheinterpretingworkgosmoothly.Accordingtothecontext,annotationcouldbeausefulinterpretingstrategyfortheauthor’sinterpretation.3.2.2FailtokeeppacewithspeakersIninterpreting,acommonproblemisthattheauthorcannotcatchupwiththespeakerandconveytheinformationcorrectly,thusmakingtheaudiencesconfused.Ifaninterpreterisnotfamiliarwithwhatthespeakeristalkingaboutandhistalkinghabits,shewillbenervousforherperformanceandfallsbehindthespeaker.Asaresult,theaudienceswouldnotgetasatisfactoryoutput.Example9ST:He’slikenowbutIwouldlovetogetmorestuffoutthereyouknowthedifferentstylesandyoudon’tgettopigeon-holedifyoucandotwoorthreealbumsayearsothatformelikehomeyou9 knowyou’reright.There’realwaysdifferentstylesthatIwanttoexploreandIhavetheopportunitytoandI’drathernotbepigeonholedbecauseandthenIgettohavelotsofalotmorefunnow.TT:他说还有很多事要去做，比如尝试不同的风格。但是如果一年能出两三张专辑你才不会被闲置，那给了我家一般的感觉。说的很对我确实很想尝试不同的风格而且我也有机会这么做而且我也不想被闲置，而且我现在确实发现了很多乐趣。Inthisperiod,longsentencessuchas“youdon’tgettopigeon-holedifyoucandotwoorthreealbumsayearsothatformelikehomeyouknowyou’reright.”and“There’salwaysdifferentstylesthatIwanttoexploreandIhavetheopportunitytoandI’drathernotbepigeonholed”areheard.Thereareadverbialclauseandattributiveclauseinthetextwhichaddsdifficultiestotheauthortointerpretwithinlimitedtime.Sotheauthorcannotcatchupwiththespeakerandmakesa2-secondpause.Thentheauthortriestohearwhatthespeakerwouldsayandskipstwosentenceclustersandcontinues.Example10ST:Thatit’snotnecessarilytransferableviolin—alltheseotherinstrumentsorpiano.It’salltheotherincidentsthatI’veseenyouplay.Ithinkthereisalotincommonespeciallywithstringinstruments,likeifyoucanplayaguitar,youcanprobablypickupaukulele.Orit’snotahugetransitiontoplaythebass,OhnotlikeMarty,notlikehissong.ButImeanyouknowtogetaroundonitandifyoucankindofnavigate.ButImeanyouknowtogetaroundonitandifyoucankindofnavigate...TT：而且这些乐器都不互通，比如小提琴、钢琴什么的以及其他我看到你演奏过的乐器。我认为他们其实有很多相似的地方，特别是弦乐器。比如如果你会弹吉他，那你也会尤克里里琴。弹奏低音乐器也不会有很大的不同，但和马蒂还有他的歌还是有区别的。如果找准了方法你就知道怎么学了，就像你自己学会了录音，那你就知道如何录音了。Inthisperiod,theinterpreterinterpretslostmanykeypointsthusnotkeepingpacewiththespeakers.However,afterhearingtherecordingshefindssomeproblems.First,herpenfallsontheground,thusmakinganoisefortherecording.Then,sheputsthespeakerstooclosetohermouthsotheaudiencesmayhearsomeechoandfeelsuncomfortable.Therefore,shewritesherimproperbehaviorsinhernotebookandtriestoavoidtheminthefollowinginterpretation.3.2.3AnxietyinInterpretingProcessandInappropriateOutputInterpreting,especiallysimultaneousinterpreting,needhighintenseduringthewholework.Aqualifiedinterpreterissupposedtoenduregreatpressureandmentalbreakdowncouldbefatal.Asaresult,theinterpreterneedstoovercometheanxietywhileinterpreting.What’smore,10 inappropriateoutputmeanstheinappropriateexpressionsorannoyingnoisesowingtothewronguseofinterpretingequipment,thusmakingtheinterpreterfeelsanxious.Heretheauthorwillillustratesomeexampleswithbadqualityoutputs.Example11ST:Youcansayanythingyoucanreadanemailinpinyinsomething,sobetweenlearningChinese,learningharmony,learningaboutethnomusicology,IthinkIputall,Idefinitelyappliedallthoseverydeliberatelyinmycompositions,speakingaboutcompositionsandyouweretalkingbackstageaboutsongwriting.AndhowyouknowIguessyouguyshavetalkedovertheyearsaboutsongwriting,andsodoyouhaveany...yousaidChinese.YougaveusthesecretformulaforlearninghowtospeakChinese.TT:你可以阅读用拼音写的邮件或者其他的东西,所以我学汉语、学和弦、学习民族音乐学，我将这些，我很慎重地将这些都糅合到我的作品中去，说到你的作品，你已经讲了关于作曲的背后工作，说到你的作品，你已经讲了关于作曲的背后工作，所以你有没有你刚讲到学习汉语，你给大家提供了一个学习说汉语的公式。Sometimes,itisinevitabletomakemistakesininterpretingbecauseofanxietyorsomeothersfactors.Duringthistask,especiallyduringthetopicwithrelevantmusicalknowledge,theinterpreterencounteredseveralunknownterms.Accordingtodifferentconditions,theauthortriedtocopewithit:maybeuseherownexpressionormaybegraspthemeaningbasedonthecontents.Inthisexample,theinterpreterinterpreted“ethnomusicology”into“伦理音乐学”,thenthroughtheboothshesawsomepuzzledfacialexpressionsamongtheaudiences.Sosherealizedshemadeawronginterpretingandchangeditintoaproperonequickly.Tohersurprise,someofthosewhohavereceivedtheproperinformationworeasmileandnodded.Example12ST:Thatparticularperformermightnotbeabletorecreateitliveanywayespeciallyifit’sjustonemomentwheresomethinghappenedandit’slikeafivesecond10secondsample.IhadthatexperiencewhenIrecordedactuallythatpiecethatyoujustheardthebeginningofitisfromfarewellmyconcubineandifyouhaven’tseethemoviepleaseseethatmoviedirectedbyChenKaigeandit’sallaboutBeijingOperaandthesingerwhoactuallysungthepartinthefilm.ItwasoverdumpedbutIfoundhimtobeinthesongand...TT:那个表演者无论如何都不会将其表演得生动，特别是在一个很短的时间内，因为样本只有五秒或者十秒。我也有过类似的经历就是当我录刚刚你们听到的那段时以霸王别姬开头的如果你们没有看过这部由陈凯歌导演的电影那你们一定要去看一下如果你们没有看过这部11 由陈凯歌导演的电影那你们一定要去看一下他的歌是直接加进去的被我找来为我这首歌献唱……Aninterpretershouldkeepsensitivetonewinformation,especiallyatworking.Sincecorrectnessisessential,thebestthinganinterpretercandotoguaranteethequalityistoanalyzethesentencestructureandusethesyntacticlinearityflexible.Inthisexample,theauthorinterpretsthefirstsentencecorrectlybutwhenshehearstheword“concubine”,sheencounterstheproblembecauseinChinese“concubine”isaderogatorytermandthemeaningis“情妇”,butinthisoccasionitshouldn’tappearderogatoryterm,sotheauthorusesliteraltranslationmethodandinterpreteditanditprovesaninappropriateoutputandaftershehears“thatmoviedirectedbyChenKaige”,theauthorknowsthatit’s“卧虎藏龙”andthereisnotimelefttochangeitsotheauthorrevisesitinthesecondversion.12 4.Reflections4.1ModificationinInterpretingStrategyBesidesthemostcommonlyusedstrategiesinsimultaneousinterpretation,theauthoralsoappliedmorestrategiestothisinterpretingwork.First,theauthorlearnthowtoaskforherpartner’shelpflexiblywhenmeetingproblems.Whentheauthorgotstuck,sheturnedtoherpartnerandshowedhimsomegesturessoherpartnergaveheranoteandthentheauthorwenton.Second,theauthorwrotedownthecorrespondencebetweenChinesenumbersandEnglishonesbeforeinterpretingtomakesuregivingtheproperoutput.Numbersinterpretingwasadifficultpointininterpreting,sotheauthorprepareditinadvance.Thesetwostrategiescouldhelpinterpretershandlesomechallengeswhileinterpreting.4.2FeedbackfromAudiences,Partner,andtheInterpreterHerselfTheinterpretergottheaudience’sfeedbackfromtheirfacialexpressions.Iftheysmiledwhilethespeakerwasmakingajoke,theinterpreterwassupposedtoconveythemessageproperly.Butiftheaudiencesfrownedorlookedimpatient,itseemedthatsomethingunpleasantmayhappenandtheinterpretershouldadjustherinterpretingandtrytomakeaudienceunderstood.What’smore,theauthoralsoaskedtheaudiencesaboutherperformanceaftertheinterpretingworkandhadsomeusefulsuggestionsforherlaterinterpreting.Theinterpreteralsogotthefeedbackfromherinterpretingpartneronherperformance.Whileinterpreting,theauthorhadsomeanxiousfeelingswithsomeproblems.Herpartnerwouldgiveherawarmsmilewhiledealingwithitsuccessfully,andsometimeshefrownedwhilehearingsomeinappropriateoutput.Aftertheinterpretingwork,theauthoraskedherpartneraboutherperformanceandlethimpointoutsomeproblemsinthiswork.Theauthoralsoshowedherappreciationsforherpartner’sassistanceduringthewholeworkandlistedsomeusefulsuggestionsfromit.Asastudentinterpreter,theauthorregardedself-evaluationasoneofthemostimportantpartsofhergraduatestudy.Itwasnecessaryfortheauthortoreviewtheknowledgeandfoundoutsomeweaknessesininterpreting.Theauthorrecordedthewholeinterpretationwithavoicerecorder.Whenreviewingtheinterpretingtasksshedidbefore,shefoundsomewaystoimproveheroutputs.Thosefinishedtaskswerethebestmirrorsforher.Accordingtotheself-evaluation,theauthorhasknownsomeofhermannerswhichannoyedtheaudiences,suchassomepausesandbrokensentencesandtheauthorrealizedshewouldadjusthervoicevolumeasthepropervoicevolumeandtriedtomaketheprocessoflisteningmorecomfortable.13 4.3LessonsGainedfromtheInterpretingProcess4.3.1NoBackgroundInformation,NoInterpretationBackgroundinformationusuallycontainsknowledgeinacertainfieldandinformationinaspecificoccasion.Ontheonehand,knowledgeinacertainfieldplaysakeyroleininterpreting.Withoutadequateknowledgeinacertainfield,alltheotherinterpretingstrategieswouldbefloatingclouds.Inthisreport,theauthormeetssomechallengesbecauseoflackingofbackgroundknowledge.Sheevendoesn’tknowwhatis“diminishseven”andisunlikelytointerpreterit.So,allwould-beinterpretersareexpectedtosparemoretimeonsomespecialfieldsorwhatevertheyareinterestedin.Ontheotherhand,lackingbackgroundinformationmakestheinterpreterhavedifficultyininterpreting.Somethingsuchasthetopicoftheinterview,thelocation,thetiming,thespeaker,theaudienceandtheinterpretingequipmentalsohaveaninfluenceonthequalityofinterpretingoutput.Therefore,aqualifiedinterpreterwoulddosomepreparationsaslisted:first,theinterpretershouldaskforrelevantmaterialsasmanyaspossible.Thiswillhelpinterpretersknowthetopicorthecontentofthewholeinterview.Second,communicatewithspeakers,ifpossible.Thisnotonlyisgoodfortheinterpreterstoknowtheaccentofthespeakersbutalsoknowsthespeakinghabitsduringtheinterview.Third,haveaconversationwiththepartners,tellhimtosettlethetimeshiftandaskforhelpwhilecopingwithchallengesininterpreting.Fourth,checktheinterpretingequipmentbeforeallthework.Inthisreport,theauthorisfamiliarwiththeequipmentbecauseofoneandahalfyear’sstudy,sotheequipmenthaven’thadgreatinfluenceonthisinterpretingwork.Masteringbackgroundinformationwillnotonlyhelpinterpretershaveagoodperformancebutalsomakethemfeelconfidentinthelatterinterpretingpractice.Thus,allwould-beinterpretersareexpectedtohavethisabilitybeforeinterpreting.4.3.2Flexibility,anExtraBonusEvenwithadequatepreparation,interpretersarestilllikelytoencounterunexpectedsituations.Solearninghowtobeflexibleininterpretingisamust.Forexample,theauthormakesapauseowingtonotkeepingpacewiththespeakers,orsometimestheinterpreter’spenfallsonthegroundduringtheinterpretingandshebecomesnervous,shedoesn’tknowhowtointerpretbecauseofanxietyandmakesapausewhichlastsfor5seconds.Later,theinterpretertriestoomitsomelessimportantinformationandkeepspacewiththespeakerandeverythingwentwell.Apparently,someawkwardsituationsmaketheinterpretersnervous.Maybesometimesthe14 interpretershaveproblemsinhandlingunexpectedconditions.Soallwould-beinterpretersshouldnotbepanicandcalmdownwhencopingwithchallenges.15 5.ConclusionThisreport,basedontheauthor’sinterpretingexperience,putforwardproblemsandchallengeswhileinterpreting.Theauthorappliedwhatshelearntinclassintopracticeandgotmuchassistancefromherclassandteachers.Andthentheauthorwrotethereporttoanalyzetheinterpretationprocess,includinggains,problemsandsolutions,openquestionsandenlightenmentsforlaterinterpretation.Undertheguidanceofthetranslationtheory,theauthorcaninterpretmostofthematerialscorrectly.Theauthorgainedmuchexperienceduringtheinterpretation.Beforeinterpretation,theauthorconsultedrelatedbooksfromwebsitesorschoollibrariesandgotabundantbackgroundinformation.What’smore,partner’shelpwhenencounteringtheproblemsisamustforsimultaneousinterpretation.Theauthorinvitedherfriendwhohasexperiencedinthisfieldandlearnthowtodealwithurgentsituationsproperly.Allthedifficultieswereillustratedwithexamplesandtheauthoralsofoundsomeappropriatecopingstrategies,suchassyntacticlinearity,omissionetc.However,concerningthisinterpretingwasdoneintheschoollabs,theauthormaybemorerelaxedandcoulddoitbetterthanusual.Therefore,itcannotcoverallthepossibledifficultiesinsimultaneousinterpreting.Afterthisinterpreting,theauthorrealizedshewassupposedtohaveagoodcommandoftechniquesandstrategiesandlayasolidfoundationsoastomakeanexcellentsimultaneousinterpretation.16 ReferencesGile,Daniel.2009.BasicConceptsandModelsforInterpreterandTranslatorTrainingAmsterdam:JohnBenjaminsPublishingCompany.Gutt,E.A.2001.TranslationandRelevance:CognitionandContext.London:BasilBlackwell.Nord,Christiane.1997.TranslatingasaPurposefulActivity:FunctionalistApproachesExplained.Shanghai:ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducationPress.Pochhacker,Franz.2009.IntroducingInterpretingStudies.Shanghai:ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducationPress.Reiss,Kahtarina.2004.TranslationCriticism:PotentialandLimitation.Shanghai:ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducationPress.Venuti,Lawrence.1995.TheTranslator’sInvisibility:AHistoryofTranslation.London:Routledge.方梦之，1992，译者的工作心理，《外语与外语教学》（12）：63-72。李长栓，1996，汉英同声传译中应注意用词简洁，《中国翻译》（6）：23-26。刘和平，2005，口译理论与教学，北京：中国对外翻译出版公司。王若谨，1985，同声传译技巧及其训练,《中国翻译》（8）：15-21。仲伟合，2001，英汉同声传译技巧与训练，《中国翻译》（5）：4-7。仲伟合、詹成，2009，同声传译，北京：外语教学与研究出版社。周兆祥、陈育沾，1999，口译的理论与实践，北京：商务印书馆。17 AppendixTheInterpretingVersionofLeehom’sTalkinthe“2016HonoraryDegreeRecipientLeehominWilliamsCollege”SourceText:Leehom’stalkinEnglishTargetText:theinterpreter’sinterpretationinChineseST:Goodafternoonandwelcometothe62Center.I’mTonyShepherd.TT:下午好，欢迎来到62大会堂我是托尼谢菲德IteachinthemusicdepartmenthereWilliamsCollege我在威廉姆斯学院音乐系任教AndI’mjoinedbymyesteemedcolleagueAndyJassyartistinresidenceinjazz旁边这位是我尊敬的同事，安迪雅西，驻地爵士乐艺术家We’reextremelyexcitedtobespeakingtodaywithourillustriousformerstudent今天，很高兴能为在座的杰出的校友AndhonorarydegreerecipientWangLeehom以及荣誉学位获得者王力宏，主持这次研讨会Wellobviouslyit’sagreatpleasuretowelcomeLeehomandhisfamilybacktocampus很高兴能够邀请力宏以及他的家人重返校园Andwe’resoproudandpleasedaboutthewholething我们为力宏所做的一切感到骄傲自豪Asyoucanseefromthatvideoifyoudidn’tknowalready这一切都会展现在视频中，如果你不是很清楚的话He’sahugestarthebiggeststarineastAsiawithoutanyquestion可以观看视频了解他是一位超级巨星。毫无疑问，他是东亚地区最闪耀的明星Anddon’tforgettopickuponeofthesehandylittleBIOSoutsideifyou’dliketorefertothatbecausewemightsavesometime如果你想要了解更多的话，可以去外面拿一本关于他的小册子看看，因为我们想要节约些时间Andhaveamoresubstantivediscussion把更多的时间留出来做一些实质性的讨论Ifwe’renotspendingsomuchofittalkingaboutenumerationsandparticulars18 如果我们没有在列举详细事例上花费太多时间的话Althoughit’sworthmentioningthathe’smade15CDsunderhisownname虽然值得一提的是，他的个人专辑已经达到15张Hasbeenin11moviesincludingonebyonlylesscautionwhichisaveryfamousmovie过11部电影，包括一部很著名的电影AndinamoviewithJackieChanhe’sproducedtwofilmsofhisown和成龙一起出演的，他自己也导演了两部电影Andifyoudolookathismusicvideoscarefully如果你有认真看过他的音乐视频Itwilltakenotimeatalltoseehisincrediblesenseofhistory就不难发现他有着浓厚的历史感Andhiswillingnesstoembracemulticulturalisminhismusic他的音乐对多元文化的接受度Andhowsynergistichissenseofcultureandmusicandmusicaldynamicsis以及文化、音乐与力度的完美契合Andwhataforthrightcontemporarymusicianheis他是一位多么直率的当代音乐家Andhowforward-lookingandsociallyprogressiveis多么有远见，对社会有着多么大的推动力Sowe’dliketoexploreallthosetopicswithhiminjustaminute我们将很快与他本人一起来谈论这些话题SowithoutanyfutureadopleasewelcomeWangLeehom—Classof98下面有请王力宏毕业于1998年Sandywhydon’tyoustart?—OK安迪现在开始吧好的Lookatthisplace.—It’sawesomeright.看看这里很棒对吧Ididn’thavethisinmyday我在学校的时候还没有这些吧Right?Ididn’thavethisinyourdayseither.你在学校的时候我也没有这么老ButsoIwanttoforthebenefitoftheaudience19 我代表观众们问一下Ithoughtit’dbeusefultodiscusshowyougotintomusicinitially我认为是挺有帮助的一个谈论，你最开始是为何选择音乐的AndhowyouendupcomingtoWilliams你是如何进入威廉姆斯学院的Andmaybehowyouwoundupbecomingwhoyouaremusically以及你是如何现在音乐上的这些成就的Wellgoodafternooneveryoneit’sgreattobebackoncampus下午好，各位，很高兴能重返校园WejustpulledupfromNewYorkCitythisafternoon我们今天下午才从纽约赶过来Iwasjuststruckagainbyabeautyofthecampus再见到校园的美景时我还很震惊ifyouforgetthathowamazingistobreathethisair特别是当你已经忘记身处其中的感受时It’sjustsocleanandsweetandtreeslookhealthyhere,carsstoppedforyouinthestreet校园的空气很清新怡人，树木葱葱，车辆会主动让行Wowlookatallthesefriendsintheaudience,thisIgreat,it’sgreattobeback以及观众里的我的一些朋友，真的很高兴能重返校园Musicashasalwaysbeensuchanattractiontome一直以来，音乐对我充满了吸引力I’mjustnaturallyattractedtomusicasakidasatoddler当我蹒跚学步的时候，我就对音乐很感兴趣了MybrotherwouldtakemetomyolderbrotherviolinlessonsandIjustlovetogothere我妈妈会带我到哥哥的小提琴课堂上，我很喜欢去Andjustlikesingalongwithmybrotherplayingtheviolin喜欢随着我哥的小提琴声唱歌Sounlikealotofkidswhowerekindofforcedbytheparentstopractice不同于其他那些被父母逼迫着练习的小孩子Iwasalwaystheonewhohadgettheviolinyankedoutofmyhands我总是喜欢胡拨小提琴的琴弦Orstopplayingthepianoyouhavetoyourhomeworkoryougottagooutandplay20 只有做家庭作业时，或者需要出门，或者去玩的时候，才会停止弹钢琴SomusicformewasalwayssomethingthatI’vebeenjusthungryfor所以，音乐是我一直所渴求的东西AndjustsoattractedtoandeventhisdaywhenIsitinthestudio对我很有吸引力，即使我在录音棚里的时候，依旧如此Whetherit’sjustablanksheetofpaperorblankcomputerscreeninfrontofme无论在我面前是一张白纸，还是空白的电脑屏幕Andit’sjustI’malwayssoexcitedforthepotentialthepossibilities我总是对潜在的可能性充满着热情Andtheendlesspossibilitiestocreate那些创作的无限可能性Sohowdidyoubecomeabandleader?你是如何成为乐队领队的?Abandleader?—Yeah乐队指挥？——是啊You’rethebandleader.—No,no你才是乐队指挥啊——不是那个意思It’sfunnycomingtoWilliamsIdidn’treallyplaythepianothatwell说起来很好玩，刚来威廉姆斯学院的时候，我的钢琴弹得不怎么好Andyknows这点安迪知道的ButIreallydidn’tunderstandJassyIreallydidnotunderstandharmony我一点不懂爵士乐，也不懂和声AndmyclassmateatthistimeStefarPapiohmysweetmanatthetime我那时的室友是斯蒂芬帕皮是一个很好的人Ishehere?—Righthere今天他来了吗？——在那儿Hi,stuff嗨伙计Hewasjustincrediblejazzpianistanditblewmymindislike他是一位很棒的爵士乐钢琴家，但当时我心里想的是Howcanyoudothatwithoutanysheetmusicinfrontofyou面前没有乐谱是怎么弹奏出爵士乐的21 Andhewaslikewellthisisjazzandthisisharmony他就给我讲，这是爵士乐，这是和声Heshowedmesomechordsandit’sokayIgottaknowwhat’sgoingonhere他给我讲了一些和弦，然后我就开始懂了IlovemusicsomuchburI‘vealwaysbeenaclassicalmusician我很热爱音乐，但我是一个传统音乐家Idon’tunderstandwhat’shappening我不是很懂一些新东西SoIknockeddownAndyJassy’sdoorandIsaidthatIdon’tplaythepianothatwell然后我就敲开安迪雅西的房门对他说：我的钢琴弹得不好ButIwanttostudyjazzpianowithyou但是我想和你一起学习爵士钢琴AndAndykindofwaslikeemyouknoweveryonewantedtostudywithAndy安迪当时有些迟疑，因为每个人都想和安迪一起学习AndIthinkhegavemelikeacoupleweekstotest他观察了我几个星期的时间He’slikeokayyoureallydon’tplaythepianoIcanseethat然后说，你确实不会弹钢琴，我能看出来Buthere’sDonnellyandhere’s…这是唐纳利，这是……ItwassomethingtobethatIthinkitwassatindoll我觉得是一个人偶娃娃Andsomethingeasyhegavemeforthefirstweek以及一些入门的东西，这些是他第一个星期给我的任务Andhesaidpracticethisandthencomebackinaweek把这些先练练，然后一周后再来找我That’slikemygoshandIwaspracticingsixhoursaday我的天啊，我很震惊，我一天练习六个小时Andtryingtogetwhatthatisadiminishedseventhandwhatis…想要弄明白什么是减七，还有一些我不明白的东西YouknowIdidn’tknowallthecordsbackthen我那时完全不了解和弦AndthenIcamebackaweeklaterandhesawthatIhadreallyworkedhardonit22 一周后我去找他了，他发现我确实很努力在学AndsohecontinuedtoteachmeItookprivatelessonswithAndy于是继续教我，安迪私下一对一地指导我AndjustyouknowIdon’tthinkmostpeoplegiveWilliamsenoughcreditforbeingapopmusic我认为，没有几个人认为威廉姆斯学院是教流行音乐的FactorythechurningoutthepopmusiciansyeahbutIguess一个批量生产流行音乐家的工厂，我认为Weonlyreachedoneweknow我们只需要一位流行音乐家就够了isreallythatthetriumviratewehave实际是三巨头AstonishingChinesewithProfessorKuglerwho’shere优秀的中国乐教授库格勒，今天也在场It’sgreattoseeyou很高兴见到你MusicologyandethnomusicologywithProfessorShepherd音乐学以及民族音乐家教授谢菲德AndjazzharmonywithAndysobetweenthethreeofthem以及爵士乐和声学，安迪他们三个ItwaslikeaperfectstormforwhatIendedupdoingfortherestofforthenext20years就是我接下来二十多年努力的方向SoI’mcuriousI’vealwaysbeencuriouspersonally我个人一直很好奇的是I’dliketoknowmoreabouthowitwasthatyouwounduphavingbandsworking我一直很想了解，当你还在这儿读书的时候AndlearningbandsandalthatinTaipeiwhileyouwerestillstudenthere你是如何在台北组建一个乐队，并且带领着这个乐队的Howdidthathappen?你是怎么做到的Winterstudy.一月个人学习时间EveryonewasstudyIwasoutImeanevenlikeanybody’sforspringbreak23 所有人都在学习的时候，我没有，当大家放春假的时候ThanksgivingIthinkwegotfourdaysandI’mbackinTaiwanandrecordasong或者四天感恩节休假时，我就趁这个时间回台湾，然后录歌AndabackonWilliamscampusitwasnuts然后再赶回学校，很有激情AllrightIgottatellstoryIwasnotherebutyeahthat’stheofficialversion我要讲一件事，虽然当时我不了解，但这是正式版本的Therewereafewtimes,however,whereIwashere但是有几次我是在场的I’donlybeenhereaboutayearandnobodytoldmewhothisguywas我呆了一年，也没有人告诉我他是谁Andonedayyoucameupthatfall那次你过来，我记得是秋天的时候Ithinkyou’dbeenawaytheyearbeforeorsomethingIdidn’treallyknow我以为你一年前就已经离开了，或者做别的事去了AndyoucameintheclassandsaidProfessorShepherd你走进教室，说谢菲德教授Iamnotgonnabeherenextweek我下个星期不来上课Whatdoyoumeanyou’renotgonnabeherenextweekthewholeweek什么意思，下周你都不来上课吗？YousaidwellI‘vegotaninterviewIsaidjobinterviewsalready你说，我有一个采访，我问是工作面试吗？AndhesaidIknowIhaveaninterviewwiththeEltonJohn然后他说，我要去采访埃尔顿约翰AndIlookedathimandIwashewasaveryfunnyguy我当时很震惊地看着他，他是一个很幽默的人Who’salwaysveryfunnyinclassandIthoughtthiswassomekindofweirdjoke课堂上的表现也很诙谐，所以我当他是在开玩笑Andhesaidnowe’rebothSonyartists他说不是的，我和他都是索尼旗下的音乐人Andthat’showIfoundoutwhowasinmyclassafterseveralweeks在我上课几周后，我才通过这件事知道他的身份的24 sothereweretimeswhereyouwereflyingtoworkwithstudiomusiciansinLA所以有段时间，你飞去洛杉矶和一些音乐人一起工作AndthenyouwouldflytoTaiwantoappearonatalkshow然后你还会飞回台湾参加综艺节目Andyouweremostofthetimeinclass,too,itwasamazing但大多时间你还是在上课，特别厉害ThankyouforsayingmostofitIdon’tknowthatIdon’tknowhowtodothat谢谢你帮我回答了这么多，其实我也不知道我是怎么做到的AndItryofteninmypajamas我经常都是穿着睡衣WhatIreallydofeellikethatwasaperfectstorm但我确实认为那就是一场完美风暴Idon’tthinkpeoplerealizelikeIdidn’treallyspeakChinesemyfreshmanyear我认为很多人都没有意识到，就像我大学第一年不怎么会说汉语SoChinese101withitwasactuallyZhangLaoShi汉语101课程是由张老师教的Chinese101andthemyou’rejuststudyingpinyin在这个课上，一开始是学习拼音Andhowthatopenedupawholeworldforme学习汉语为我打开了世界的大门WhenpeoplecametomeandaskmetheywanttostartlearningChinese当有人来找我，说他们想学汉语的时候AndIwaslikespendaweekandgetthepinyindown我就会说，先花一个星期学好拼音Andthenyougoyoucansayanythingreally然后你就会说汉语了Youcansayanythingyoucanreadanemailinpinyinsomething你可以阅读用拼音写的邮件或者其他的东西SobetweenlearningChinese,learningharmony,learningaboutethnomusicology所以我学汉语、学和弦、学习民族音乐学IthinkIputall,Idefinitelyappliedallthoseverydeliberatelyinmycompositions我将这些，我很慎重地将这些都糅合到我的作品中去Speakingaboutcompositionsandyouweretalkingbackstageaboutsongwriting25 说到你的作品，你已经讲了关于作曲的背后工作AndhowyouknowIguessyouguyshavetalkedovertheyearsaboutsongwriting我想你们谈论作曲已经有好几年了Andsodoyouhaveany...yousaidChinese所以你有没有你刚讲到学习汉语YougaveusthesecretformulaforlearninghowtospeakChinese你给大家提供了一个学习说汉语的公式Canyoudothesamenowforwritingsongs那在作曲方面你能否也能提供一些公式呢IthinkImeanIdon’tthinkthere’soneformula我认为没有公式可言ButIthinktherearelawsinmusicthatcandefychanges但我认为音乐是有一些不变的规律的Inwaysofanalyzingmusicormanuscriptyouknow比如分析音乐的方法或者打草稿HowIthinkthewaysthatwelearnmusicovertheyears我认为这么多年我们学习音乐的方法Probablycomefromthehundredyearsofchurchmusicandphonology可能来自于几百年的教堂音乐以及音韵学Andyouknowtryingtoletpeopleinthechoir教人们如何合唱Takethemusichomeandlearnthesesongsattherestoftheday把音乐带回家自己在家里学习IfeellikeI’mcollaboratingwithsomeofthegreatestmusicians我和一些伟大的音乐家一起合作Andtheydon’tknowhowtoplayaninstrumentstheydon’tknowhowtoplay他们不会乐器他们不知道怎么演奏Ortheydon’tknowanythingaboutmusictheoryandtheycan’treadmusic他们对音乐理论一无所知也不会读乐谱Andthey’regettinglikehundredsofmillionsofhitsonYouTube但是他们的视频在油管上点击量上百万Andthat’slikethemusicoftheday就像是每日音乐那样AndthenIstarttorealizelikeokaywhatisitthatmakesasongconnect26 然后我意识到是什么把音乐连接起来的ImeanthisislikeatangentbutIthinkthat有点像是切线我认为ThereareinChinesemusicdefinitelylikeamelodyandlyrics在中国音乐里也绝对有旋律和歌词ThereareinChinesemusicdefinitelylikeamelodyandlyrics旋律和歌词都很棒的音乐ItcouldbeanR&Borarocksong可以是蓝调音乐也可以是摇滚乐OranEDMsongorwhateverthecurrenttrendis可以是电子音乐或者当前所流行的音乐类型Butthesearedefinitelylawsofgoodmusicgoodsongwritingatleast但是一首好的歌曲绝对是有标准的至少作曲要好Sodoyoudomostofyourvideosandsoforthathome?所以你大部分的视频都是在家里制作的吗？Myvideos?我的视频？YearImeanjustherewhenyoumakeasongorvideodo...What’syourproductionprocesslike?我是说当你写歌或者录视频时过程是怎样的It’slikeIclosemyeyesandIimaginethesongfirst我先闭上眼想一下这首歌IjustlistenedtothedeadhereandIalwayshearsomething就去聆听这片死寂我通常能从中听到些什么AndatthatpointIcanusuallyjudgeifit’sagoodornotworthdevelopingcolonel这时我就能判断这首歌是否值得写谱Soit’snotgoodthenI,youknow,flipthechannelandIlistentoanothersong如果不值得的话我就会换个频道听另外一首歌AndIrememberreadingabouthowLeonardBernstein’sMr.Right我还记得当我听雷昂纳德伯恩斯坦的白马王子时Everyonethinkhewasasleeponthesofaallthetime所有人都认为他一直在沙发上睡觉AndIrealizedthatkindoflikesemi-consciousstate但我认为是处于半清醒状态27 Yourkindofsleepiswhenyouhearthingssoclearlyyou’resofocused你就好像睡着了一样当你专注于倾听时SoI’malwayslisteningandalotoftimesmywifefeelslike所以我经常在倾听我太太经常认为I’mnotlisteningtowhatshe’ssaying我没有在听她说话Andit’strueunfortunatelyI’mcomposingallthetimeinmyhead但是我确实是在认真听我脑海里随时都在创作SoIgotallthestuffgoingonthatI’mreallyhearing我所听到的东西一直在我脑海里萦绕Andit’sareoccupyingmymindmybrainwaves占据了我的心灵我的思维AndbutwhatIhearanitsoundsgoodthenthenI’llstarttorecordit如果我听到一些还不错的东西我就会录下来Andit’sreallygreatthesedaysthetechnology现在的科技确实很棒Ofjustbeingabletorecordinthelaptopwithquality能够通过电脑来录音而且质量还很好Youknowstudioqualitysoundandthendothearrangement完全是那种录音棚的音质然后在做调整Iusuallydoademorealquickandwhenyougetittothatsketch我的样本唱片都做的很快当样本出来的时候Ithinkyouknowifit’sworthdevelopingintoafinalproduct就可以知道这些歌是否值得做成成品Andthattheinspirationisthefunpart最有趣的一部分是灵感That’sthepartthatalwaysgetsmesoexcited灵感总是让我很兴奋Likethisisagreatideathisisagreatconceptforasong比如这是一个好主意这个歌曲的想法很棒That’sagreathookandthattensionwiththeharmony这个符尾也很棒这段和声的张力也很棒Thatmelodynotebeingsharpelevenofwhateveritis或者这个升半音的十一度音或者其他的都很棒28 Youknowthatisaperfectmoment灵光一现的这一刻很完美Butthentoproduceit-andtoperfectit一旦做出来要完善的时候Thatjusttakesaninety-nineperfectperspiration就会投入大量的努力去完成SosometimesIcanworkononesongforfouryears所以有时候我完成一首歌要花四年Yeahrecordingit20differentversionsofit不断的录音制作出二十个不同的版本Theacousticguitarversiontheacousticpianoversiontheelectronicversion有原声吉他版原声钢琴版还有电子版Andthislikemyharddrivewillbefillwithlikeversion12345678910硬盘里面装满了不同的版本Justgoonandonadifferentversewithadifferentlyricsamehook还在不停地修改用同样的符尾但是不同的歌词不同的押韵Andjustalldifferentkindsofpermutationstomakeittherightone然后不断的重新排列直到完美Ilikethisimageoryoucloseyoureyesandlikearadios我很喜欢你闭着眼像一个收音机一样在倾听Hesaidswitchingchannelsnowanddon’tgetonetillIgot然后不停变换频道一直找到那首歌为止Becauseonchangeinthealbumtheirtrackthreeyeahactuallydothatoutloud因为现在唱片都变了它们的三轨都做得很明显Butyoudoitinthissortof...it’sverywitty但是你的做法很机智Youaresamplingorlisteningtoyouroldersongs-that’sright你从你以前的歌曲里取样来听--对的Commentingonthemyouknowchangingthechannels对它们进行评价然后换一个思路AndwhatlastcoupleweeksIwassortofgoingdownmemorylane过去几周的时间里我一直在缅怀往事Welisteningtoasmanyofyoursongsthatyou’verecordedasIcould我们尽可能的听了你的很多歌29 AndIwasnoticingagainjusthowdramaticallyfromonesongtothenextweleapstyles我再一次发现每首歌之间的风格转化十分显著ThatIdon’tputthethingonshuffle我不是随机播放的It’sjustlikeonetrackisR&Bthenit’shiphop就好像有一轨是蓝调音乐然后是嘻哈风It’sonmygoshshe’sinthisjazzinflectedpianosolothat’sgoingonforacoupleminutes然后又变成了几分钟的爵士钢琴独奏Andthenit’swheredidthestringquartetcomefrom这就是所谓的弦乐四重奏Andyouoweonitontojustsetoutandouttodothatatsomepoint你只要想要去做同时也确实这么做了YoujustsayI’mgoingtobeasdiversestylisticallyasIcan仿佛在昭示自己的风格多变Anditmaybethebiggerquestionishowdoestheaudiencegowiththeflow现在问题是在演唱会上或者在专辑上Asyourdramaticallyinaliveconcertoronanalbumchangingstylesfromonetime你的听众是如何感受你这个一时多变的风格的I’msuchamusicloverofalldifferenttypesofmusic我是一个喜好所有音乐种类的人AsIthinkalotofmyfriendsatWilliamswereaswell我认为很多威廉姆斯学院的朋友们也是如此Wealwayslistenallsortsofmusic我们会听各种不同的音乐SoIcouldneverseemyselfjustlikeyouknow我从来不会Tyingmyselfupandcommittingtotheonlyonestyle约束自己把自己局限在一个风格之上AndIrememberIhadIwashavingdinnerwiththisrecordingartistnamedBenFolds我记得我和一位叫本佛尔兹的唱片艺术家一起吃饭Greatartistgreatwriterone他是一位非常棒的艺术家以及作家30 AndI’mandIwastellinghimI’mworkingsohardwe’redoingthealbumforyear我告诉他我在很努力的工作一个专辑做了一年多来ForlikesomeyearsIdidtwoalbumsorthreealbumsayear有几年我一年能出两三个专辑AndIwascomplainingtohimhowlikewewerethisfactory我向他抱怨抱怨我们在这个音乐大工厂里处境Andthingsyouknowsocommercial抱怨一切都很商业化Whentherecordcompanyisalwayshoundingmeforthenextthing唱片公司经常催我不停的做事AndhewaslikeyeahI’mIwishyouwerelikethatinunitedstates他说我希望你在美国也是如此Reallyyougettoworkonanalbumfortwoorthreeyears一张专辑最好花两三年去做He’slikenowbutIwouldlovetogetmorestuffoutthereyouknowthedifferentstyles他说还有很多事要去做比如尝试不同的风格Andyoudon’tgettopigeon-holedifyoucandotwoorthreealbumsayear但是如果一年能出两三张专辑你才不会被闲置Sothatformelikehomeyouknowyou’reright那给了我家一般的感觉说的很对There’salwaysdifferentstylesthatIwanttoexplore我确实很想尝试不同的风格AndIhavetheopportunitytoandI’drathernotbepigeonholed而且我也有机会这么做而且我也不想被闲置BecauseandthenIgettohavelotsofalotmorefunnow而且我现在确实发现了很多新乐趣thIntheearly20centuryandturnthemillennium在千禧年的时候Youwentanddidsomethingthatwasamajorchangeforpopmusic你所做的极大的改变了流行音乐Whenyoudevelopwhatyoucallcheckoutstyle你创造了一种你称之为检验的风格WhereyoudrewonChinesetraditionalmusicalforms吸收了中国的传统音乐形式31 AndandIwasthinkingaboutBartokwhenIdidit—really?我做这个时候想的是巴托克---真的吗？RightIwasthinkingaboutdebussywhenIdidit我还想到德彪西HowBartoklistentoHungarian以及巴托克从匈牙利人中找到的灵感Dancerhythmsfromethnicminorities从少数民族的舞蹈韵律中找灵感Andthat’syouknowIloveBartoksodoyou我很爱巴托克我知道你们也是WhenIwaslisteningtolikemusicforstringspercussionandcelesta当我听弦乐打击乐和钢片琴的时候Andlikethepalindromiccompositionsthathedidknowinnovativehewas或者他创作的回文音乐时发现他特别富于创造力ThenitmademerealizethatChinesepopmusichasawealthoftreasuretrove这让我想到中国流行音乐内含有丰富的珍宝Thatwecouldjustdiginto等待我们去发掘AndmakeChinesepopmusicalotmoreinterestingandalotmoreprofound然后让中国流行音乐更有趣更有深度SothenIwantedtobetIwenttoMongolia,Xinjiang然后我就下了这个赌注我去了蒙古和新疆Recordedalotoffieldworkwithalotoftheethnicminorities同时和少数民族音乐人在一起录下了许多现场的音乐56tribalculturesethnicminoritiesinChina中国有56个不同文化的少数民族Theyhavetheirownlanguagestheirmusicalinstrumentsormusicalstyles有他们独特的文字独有的乐器独有的音乐风格Andthatwasformesomuchfunandmymomcamewithmeonthattrip对我来说这些都很有趣而且我妈妈一路陪我做这些事AndwejustwentalloverlikeruralChinaitwassocool我们去了很多地方比如中国的农村这个旅程很棒Andmyhead’sboomlikeadatamachine我的脑袋像一个数据机一样不停记录直到装满32 It’slikegotawholelibraryofrecordings仿佛一个录音收藏室AndsoyouwentoutthinkinglikeBartokI’mgoingtocomeback你出去的时候是想着要像巴托克那样我回来的时候AsI’mgoingouttostudythismusicandcollectthismusic我是出去研究收集这些音乐的I’mgoingtocomebackandtrytofindawayofgettingthismusicintomyown所以我回来的时候要想个办法把这些揉进我自己的音乐中Yeahsothatwassofunthough是的而且很有趣Justlistentohoursandhoursoftubingthroatsinging花很多时间去听管状乐器的声音OrMongolianthroatsingingorlikethetypicalTibetanmonkschanting或者蒙古人的喉音或者传统藏僧诵经的声音Justlikehearingsomethingasthearrangementofthesong就像在听一些唱片一样Orsomethingyouknowthatwill...andthenohthatdoesn’tworkscratchthat或者像在听其他的然后发现这个声音不行把这个划去There’sanotheroneyeahsotheinspirationcancomefromallthese还有另外的所以灵感可以来自于这些Fromanywherereallybutithastocomefromsomewhere来自任何地方但是必须得来自某处Diduthinkaboutthepracticalimplicationslike你有想过一些现实意义吗OkaysoI’mgoingtorecordthisalbumbutI’malsogoingtoperformthesongslive比如我要为了这张专辑录音了而且我也会现场演唱这些歌Andthentheycameuptheymaywantmetoperformthesongslive或者是他们希望我能现场演唱这些歌曲Likethenestdecadeofmylife在我人生接下来的几十年里WhatIthinkthatwhatIdowithalltheseperformersfromsamplingon我该如何对待这些抽选出来的表演者They’renotgoingtobetherenecessarily因他们本没必要出现33 Andanotherthingiswhenyouperformwitha...当你表演的时候Whenyousamplesomethingyoudon’talways当你把某件事作为样本的时候你通常不会Thatparticularperformermightnotbeabletorecreateitliveanyway那个表演者无论如何都不会将其表演得生动Especiallyifit’sjustonemomentwheresomethinghappened特别是在一个很短的时间内Andit’slikeafivesecond10secondsample因为样本只有五秒或者十秒IhadthatexperiencewhenIrecordedactuallythatpiecethatyoujustheard我也有过类似的经历就是当我录刚刚你们听到的那段时Thebeginningofitisfromfarewellmyconcubine以霸王别姬开头的Andifyouhaven’tseethemoviepleaseseethatmoviedirectedbyChenKaige如果你们没有看过这部由陈凯歌导演的电影那你们一定要去看一下Andit’sallaboutBeijingOperaandthesingerwhoactuallysungthepartinthefilm是关于京剧的那么在这部电影里献唱的歌手ItwasoverdumpedbutIfoundhimtobeinthesongand他的歌是直接加进去的被我找来为我这首歌献唱BecausewhenIwatchthemoviehisvoicewasjustaremedytome因为当我看这部电影的时候他的声音治愈了我IwantedthatvoiceIhadtofindthatguy所以我想要找到他想要他的声音IwatchedthecreditsofthemoviesasohIknowsomebodywasthisguy我看了一下电影的名单找到了这个人SoIfoundhimandthenwhenIrecordedhim然后我就把他找来让他录音Hisvoicewasverydifferentfromwhatmyimpressionofitnow但是他的声音和我印象中的有些不同SoIhadtogobackintothemovie我就只能去电影里找Findtheproducerofthemovieandthengettheoriginalsound找电影制片人要了原声34 Andthat’swhatIendedupdoing这件事就是这么做的Soyeahwetalkedaboutthisisanartisticdecision我们刚讲了这是一个充满艺术的决定TotrytogettheseformsofChinesemusicintoyourmusic把中国音乐的不同模式都揉进你的音乐里Intothisnewversionofhip-hop揉进了新版的嘻哈风中Butitwastheremoretoitthanthatyou’vespokenquiteeloquentlyabout除了刚才你讲的肯定还有别的动因Youknowtheotherideasthatmotivatedyou比如一些理念TotrytofindawayofmakingyourpopmusicmoredistinctlyChinese驱使你把自己的音乐做的更加中国化AndyeahyeahIthinkit’simportantIthinkpeopleyouinfilmaswell是的我认为这很重要我认为电影行业的人也是如此IthinkwhenAngdidcrouchingtigerhiddendragon当李安导演卧虎藏龙的时候AnditwasaveryChinesemoviethatwasabletotravelworldwide是一部非常中式的电影但是能在全世界上映Itshowedmethatyoudon’tmakeaninternationaloraglobalappealdoesn’thappen如果你所做的正是其他人也在做的事Ifyou’redoingsomethingthatisjustwhateveryoneelseisdoing不过是翻译成了中文那就不是国际化ButtranslatedintoChineseyouknowwhatImean也没有全球号召力Thatwhenithaslocalflavoritactuallybecomesmoreinternational但是如果融合了地方特色反而变得更加国际化StrangelyenoughsoI很奇怪吧Thisneedmorenoticebytheworldof它需要引起世界的注意Yeahithasitsownidentityandpeoplelikethisissomethingspecial它有自己的特色人们会很喜欢因为他很特别35 SoI’vebeentryingtodothatwithmymusicandfilmsaswell所以在我的音乐里我尝试着这样做电影也不例外You’resayingbackstageyouwanttomakesurewetalkaboutfilms你在讲一些幕后的事你想保证我们要谈论电影Somaybeweshouldgothere—suretalkaboutfilm所以我们应该谈谈电影—好的就谈电影吧Sohowdoyougofrombeing,youknow,sodevotedtomusic,usingmusic你是如何从专心于音乐Andactuallyjustbeforewecanmoveoverthefilm’sitdoesn’ttakelongthesampleontheweb在谈论电影之前在网上很容易找到Tofindhimplayinganincrediblerangeofinstruments他演奏不同乐器的视频Keyboardinstrumentsstringinstruments有键盘乐器也有弦乐器Youmentionedconductingbutjustmademethinkofallthedifferentinstruments你之前提到过指挥让我想到你在现场Thatyoupersonallyinliveperformance亲自演奏的各种不同的乐器Youknowinonetrackofonevideoyousaylistento在一个个视频里你都会用不同的乐器演奏Andthenheactuallyplaceitrightandhe’splayeditliveinfrontofhugecrowds然后还弹的很好还会在庞大的人群面前现场表演Andwhendoyoufindtimetoactuallypickupallthesedifferentinstruments你是怎么抽出时间来学习这些不同的乐器的Thatit’snotnecessarilytransferableviolin—alltheseotherinstrumentsorpiano而且这些乐器都不互通比如小提琴钢琴什么的It’salltheotherincidentsthatI’veseenyouplay以及其他我看到你演奏过的乐器Ithinkthereisalotincommonespeciallywithstringinstruments我认为他们其实有很多相似的地方特别是弦乐器Likeifyoucanplayaguitaryoucanprobablypickupaukulele比如如果你会弹吉他那你也会尤克里里琴Orit’snotahugetransitiontoplaythebass36 弹奏低音乐器也不会有很大的不同OhnotlikeMartynotlikehissong但和马蒂还有他的歌还是有区别的ButImeanyouknowtogetaroundonitandifyoucankindofnavigate如果找准了方法你就知道怎么学了Andyouknowhowtorecordifyoucanrecordyourself就像你自己学会了录音那你就知道如何录音了Ifyouknowhowtoengineerifyoucaneditthen如果你会编辑的话你就知道如何设计Youcanputsomethingtogetherthatworks可以把学到的东西都灵活运用起来Whenyougetintoastudiojustlikeanactorinfrontofacamera当你走近录音棚的时候就像一个演员面对镜头的时候YouknoworIshouldsayadirectorbehindthecamera而导演就在镜头后面看着Youdon’thavetohavemasteredthatperformancetoedit你不用刻意去表演那一个镜头Amassivefullperformancetogether而且大量的表演融合到一起You’veactuallybeendoingitelmsforawhile--yeah你确实还是花费了很长的时间去学习—是的ImeanIknowit’smuchmorerecently我知道你最近ThatyouhavebeendoingextremelyhighlevelfilmswithJackieChanetc.在和成龙等人一起拍摄一部高水准的电影Butgoingbackyougotintofilmawhilethough但是你已经投入到电影事业很长一段时间了YeswellIwelltomeitallcomesdowntothewritinglikeIreallyfeellikeI’mawriter对于我来说归根到底就是写作我觉得自己很像一个作家Ifyou’regoingtodevoteayearofyourlifetoafilmorayearofyourlifetomaking如果你花费一年去拍一部电影或者花费一年的时间That99%perspirationtomakethatalbumjustright付出大量的努力去完善一个专辑Thenyouhavetobedarnsurethatit’sworthit37 那么你首先得确定值得去做Andthewritingistherethelyricsarejusthowyouwantthem东西都写好了歌词是你所想要的Themelodiesjusthowyouwantitandthenyoubecomeawillingservanttothematerial旋律也符合你的预期这个时候你做这件事就很甘之如饴Imeanyoucouldbecomeasalvetothematerialreally换句话说就是你愿意为此付出Andyoucanonlydothatwhenyoulovethematerialyoubelieveinitsomuch前提是你确实很热衷于这件事你深信这件事值得你去做SoI’vespentsevenlastsevenyearswritingmanuscriptI’vejustfinishedatsevenyears我用了七年时间来写稿子我花了七年时间才完成Idon’tknowhowmanydraftsIwrotebutyouknowIdon’tknowit’sscary打了无数次的草稿听上去还挺吓人的AndIthinkhowyougetyourhandsdirtyandjusteatwecan’trestuntilit’sdone很多时候来不及洗手就去吃饭在完成之前都无法放松休息Andyoudon’tknowwhatit’sgoingtobedone而且也不知道最后成果如何Sowhetherit’swritingascriptorwritingasong所以无论是写稿子还是作曲IthinkIkindofhavethatsamededicationtoitthat我都全力以赴去做Whenit’sthereandit’srightandIloveitandIknowit’srightthenwemoveforward因为我很热衷于此而且这件事也值得我去做然后我们就会做下去...38 AcknowledgementsFirst,IwouldliketoextendmysinceregratitudetoProfessorLuWeizhongandMissSunXiaolan,mysupervisors,fortheirkindhelpandvaluablesuggestionsthroughputmyreport-writing.Theyinstructedmehowtochoosethetopic,collectmaterials,andcompletethereport.Theirinstructionsduringmyinterpretingpracticeandtheirpatienceinmakingcorrectionsonmywritingisgreatlyappreciated.Besides,ProfessorLutakesarigorousresearchattitudewhichhasinspiredmealotinthetwoyearsofstudies.Misssun’sinterpretingexperiencehasdeeplytouchedmealot.Theyaregreatmentorsinbothmystudiesandmylife.Second,mygratitudealsoextendstoalltheotherteacherswhohavetaughtmeduringmytwograduateyears.Ifeelgratefulfortheirkindencouragementsandenlighteninglectures.MyfirstandforemostthankswillbegiventoMissSongShuxian,whogavemerichknowledgeofinterpreting.IalsothankMissChenHui,MissGuXiaoyanandotherteachersfortheirtranslationcourses.Third,Iwouldliketooffermyparticularthankstomypartner,classmates,especiallytheotherthreefellowstudentsmajoringinEnglishInterpreting.Theirtwoyears’companyandsupportmakesmygraduatestudyagoodmemory.Lastbutnotleast,Iwouldalsoliketoexpressmydeepappreciationtomyparentswhohavegivenmeenormoussupportduringmytwoyears’graduatestudy.39
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