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1、chapter 8Childreninthischapterwehighlightonlyafewoftheissuespertinenttochil-dren,particularlythosemostsalienttosocialpolicy.Economicconditionsthataffectfamiliesandtheirchildren,suchaswork,andtaxpoliciesholdacentralplaceinthisanalysis.Here,asinotherchapters,corporateinfluenceholdsswayovereveryt
2、hingfromconsumption,torolemodels,totheirpor-trayalofviolence,throughtheircontrolofmediaandothertechnologies.Ourmainpointistoarguethatraisingchildrencannotoccursimplywith-infamilies,andthatequitableresourcedistributionoughtnotbeguidedbycorpocraticprinciples.Ofcoursewewerealloncechildren.Mostofu
3、sknowchildren,andsomeofusworkwiththem.Manyofusactasthoughweknowwhatisbestforchildren(andforothers);themediaandsomepsychologiststellustolistentothe“childwithinus.”Whatcouldbemorestraightforwardthantounder-standchildrenandtowriteaboutthem?Inthefollowingpages,itbecomesclearthatcertaintyoftengives
4、waytolikelihood,simplicitytocomplexity.Talkofchildren,aswithmembersofcertainothergroups,oftenrevealsmoreaboutthosewhodothetalkingthanaboutthesubjectsthemselves.Tobegin,mythologymustbeshed.Children,asweknowthem,havenotalwaysbeenwithus.Indeed,theyarearatherrecentphenomenon.1(A triptoagalleryofWe
5、sternartwillrevealthat,surprisingly,untilrecently,chil-drenhavebeenportrayedasnothingmorethantinyadults.)Manychildrenhaveneverlivedourconceptionofachild’slife,mostofthemhavingbeenhave-nots,havingworkedinagricultureandindustry,havinghadlittletimeforchildhoodasweknowit.142childrenHumansasaspecie
6、saremarkedbyunusualcharacteristics.Childrenaredependentongrown-ups,families,orcommunitiesforanextendedperiod.Despitethepretensionsofotherprimates,wearetheonlyspeciescapableofproducinglanguage.Thisissignificant,fornotonlycanchildrenbetaughttodoaswedo,buttheycanbetaughttodoasweandotherssay.In sh
7、ort,childrencan,anddo,learnabouttheadultworld,abouttheirplaceinit,andaboutthenecessaryskillstosurvive.Somelessons,ofcourse,arelearnedunconsciously,suchasthechild’sneedtobearandcareforhisorherownchildren.2Childrenlearnfromtheirenvironmen
