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1、Chapter9TradeDocumentsandTransportationTradeDocumentsandTransportationDOCUMENTATIONINEXPORT-IMPORTTRADEAnumberofdocumentsareusedinexport-importtrade.Thecompletionandsubmissionofrequireddocumentsiscriticaltothesuccessfulshipment,transportation,anddisc
2、hargeofcargoattheportofdestination.Thedocu-mentsuseddependontherequirementsofboththeexportingandimportingcountries.Muchofthedocumentationisroutineforfreightforwardersorcustomsbrokersactingonthefirm’sbehalf,buttheexporterisultimatelyresponsibleforthea
3、ccuracyofthedocumentation.Informationondocumen-tationrequirementsinimportingcountriescanbeobtainedfromoverseascustomers,foreigngovernmentembassiesandconsulates,aswellasvariousexportreferencebooks,suchastheExportShippingManualandAirCargoTariffGuide.In
4、theUnitedStatesandotherdevelopedcountries,govern-mentdepartmentshavespecialistsonindividualforeigncountriesandcanadviseoncountryconditionsanddocumentationrequirements.AirWaybillTheairwaybillisacontractofcarriagebetweentheshipperandaircarrier.Itisissu
5、edbytheaircarrierandservesasareceiptfortheshipper.Whentheshippergivesthecargotoafreightconsolidatororforwarderfortransporta-tion,theairwaybillisobtainedfromtheconsolidatororforwarder.Airway-billsarenonnegotiableandcannotbeissuedasacollectioninstrumen
6、t.Airwaybillsarenotparticulartoagivenairlineandcanbefromanyotherairlinethatparticipatesinthecarriage(Woodetal.,1995).BillofExchange(Draft)Abillofexchangeisanunconditionalwrittenorderbyoneparty(thedrawer)thatordersasecondparty(thedebtorordrawee)topaya
7、certainsumExport-ImportTheory,Practices,andProcedures,SecondEdition197198EXPORT-IMPORTTHEORY,PRACTICES,ANDPROCEDURESofmoneytothedrawer(creditor)oradesignatedthirdparty.Forexample,HernandezExportIncorporatedofLawton,Oklahoma,sendsanimporterinUzbekista
8、nadraftfor$30,000afterhavingshippedatruckloadofautoparts.Thecompany’sdraftorderstheoverseasbuyerinUzbekistantopay$30,000toitsagent,Expotech,inUzbekistan.Inthisscenario,HernandezIncorpo-ratedisthedrawer,theimporteristhedrawee,andExpotechisthepayee.Inm
