财政学第八版英文版答案

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1、Part1–GettingStartedInstructor’sManualtoaccompanyPublicFinance,EighthEdition,byHarveyS.RosenandTedGayerSuggestedAnswerstoEnd-of-ChapterDiscussionQuestionsSomeofthequestionshavenosingle“correct”answer–reasonablepeoplecangooffindifferentdirections.Insuchcases,theanswersprovide

2、dheresketchonlyafewpossibilities.Chapter1-Introduction1.a.Putin’sstatementisconsistentwithanorganicconceptionofgovernment.Individualsandtheirgoalsarelessimportantthanthestate.b.Lockemakesaclearstatementofthemechanisticviewofthestateinwhichindividuallibertyisofparamountimport

3、ance.2.Libertariansbelieveinaverylimitedgovernmentandareskepticalabouttheabilityofgovernmenttoimprovesocialwelfare.Socialdemocratsbelievethatsubstantialgovernmentinterventionisrequiredforthegoodofindividuals.Someonewithanorganicconceptionofthestatebelievesthatthegoalsofsocie

4、tyaresetbythestateandindividualsarevaluedonlybytheircontributiontotherealizationofsocialgoals.a.Alawprohibitinggamblingwouldprobablybeopposedbyalibertarianandadvocatedbyasocialdemocrat.Someonewithanorganicconceptionofthestatewouldfirstdecidewhethergamblingwouldhelptoachievet

5、hestate’sgoalsbeforetakingapositiononthisissue.Iftheviewisthatgamblingkeepsindividualsfrombeingproductive,thensomeonewithanorganicviewwouldprobablybeinfavorofprohibitingit,butifgamblingisconsideredagoodwaytoraisemorerevenueforthestate,thentheymightopposetheprohibition.b.Libe

6、rtariansopposethelawmandatingseatbeltuse,arguingthatindividualscanbestdecidewhetherornottouseseatbeltswithoutgovernmentcoercion.Socialdemocratstakethepositionthatthemandatesaveslivesandultimatelybenefitsindividuals.Theorganicviewwouldprobablyleadtofavoringthemandateonthegrou

7、ndsthatreducedhealthcarecostscausedbyfeweraccidentsbenefitsociety.c.Libertariansopposethelawmandatingchildsafetyseats,arguingthatindividualscanbestdecidewhetherornottousechildsafetyseatswithoutgovernmentcoercion.Socialdemocratstakethepositionthatthemandatesaveslivesandultima

8、telybenefitsindividuals.Theorganicviewwouldprobablyleadtofavoringthemandate