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1、定语从句一、概念: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语)(Attributiveclause)HarryPorterisasmartboy.HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰boy,叫做定语从句合并句子:1.Themanisafarmer.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合
2、并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when,why二、用法:Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear.先行词是人关系代词:whowhomwhosethatwhich先行词是物Thesearethestudentswho/thatwonthefirstplacelastye
3、ar.Haveatry指出关系代词(副词)在定语从句中的成份:1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.()3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.()主语宾语定语宾语主语宾语定语指人whothatwhomthatwhose(ofwhom)指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(ofwhich)指
4、人和物thatthatwhose1.引导定语从句的关系代词关系副词When=on(in,during…)whichwhere=on(in,infrontof…)whichWhy=forwhich2.引导定语从句的关系副词如何选用定语从句的关系词1.首先分清主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词,指人用关系代词who,指物用关系代词which3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去,看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分(主语,宾语,定语或状语)4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词,若在从句中做状语,则选择关系副词。
5、1.who,whom,whose,that用法区别.①who作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语②whom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语③that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.Thew
6、oman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.可省略Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.④whose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语2.which,that的用法which作定语从句的主语或宾语.Ilikethebook(which/that)youboughtyesterday
7、.Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.作主语作宾语可省略3.只能用that的情况①序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.③everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastru
8、e.②先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.④先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.⑤主句已有who或which时Whoisthegirlthatisst