social mobility university of greenwich社会流动性格林威治大学.ppt

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1、StairwaytoHEven:OurRoleinMakingSocialMobilityaRealityKeithKinsella:WideningParticipationCoordinatorAccessandPartnershipUnitWhatisSocialMobility?"Rich,thickkidsdobetterthanpoor,cleverchildrenbeforetheygotoschool.Unfortunately,despitethebesteffortsofoursociety,thesituatio

2、nisgettingworse."Canwecomeupwithagooddefinition?JargonBusterAbsoluteSocialMobilityTheextenttowhichpeopledo‘better’thantheirparents.Duetothechangingnatureofthelabourmarketandavailabilityofcreditthebabyboomgenerationdiddo‘better’thantheirparents……RelativeSocialMobilityYou

3、rcomparativechancesofbeingsociallymobile.Middleclassstudentshaveamuchbetterchancethanworkingclassstudents.Sincethe1970srelativesocialmobilityhasdeclinedintheUK(TheSpiritLevel,WilkinsonandPickett2009)GraphshowingimpactofparentsincomeonchancesofbeingsociallymobileOECDData

4、.Thehigherthebarthemoreimpactourparentsincomehasonourabilitytobecomesociallymobile.InDenmarkwhoyourparentsarehastheleastimpactonourchancesof‘climbingtheladder’.SocialmobilityintheUKcomparedtootherdevelopedeconomies…Lowsocialmobilityresultsinmoresocialinequalitycreatingl

5、esssocialmobility……Top10%earnalmost12timesasmuchasbottom10%(55k:4.5k)……In1985thetop10%earned8timesmore(gaphasgrown)Top1%takehome15%oftotalUKincome(the‘superrich’)(OECDData)ResultsTheProfessionsSocialImpactsLackofopportunity/hopeHighunemployment‘Cycle’ofpoverty(Jones,201

6、1)TheSpiritLevel(WilkinsonandPicket,2009)illustratesarangeofothercorrelations.WhydoestheUKhavelowsocialmobility?InpairshaveaquickbrainstormofsortsofreasonswhytheUKhaslowsocialmobility.Reasons?Incomeinequality?Poorparenting?Poorteaching?Lackofjobs?Individualsarenotmotiva

7、tedtoachieve?Manyofthesefactorswillplayapartandshouldnotbeignored.Intheabsenceofsubstantialwealthredistributioneducationistheonlymechanismopentomostpeopletobecomesociallymobile….WhygotoUniversity:Commonarguments…..1)Youcandookaywithoutadegree,40kisalotofmoney.2)Withthen

8、ewfeesits‘gameover’forsocialmobilitythroughHE.3)Therearetoomanygraduatesnow,adegreeisworthless.Youdon’tneedade