最新中考定语从句ppt教学讲义ppt.ppt

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1、中考定语从句ppt考点揭密在复合句中修饰名词、代词，并由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句称为定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词(词组成句子)称为先行词，初中教材着重介绍了关系代词that,which,who所引导的定语从句。中考考点设置1.定语从句为新教材着重要求掌握的内容，从2003年考题来看，全国均未作为重点考查项目，但定语从句的学习在阅读理解内容中出现频率较多。2.着重掌握引导词的选用，特别是一定的特定境况下只能用that,不能用which的情况：Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的

2、关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.先行词关系词定语从句which/that是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接起来。关系词判断步骤:首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which或that;然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表指代所做成分是

3、否可省略that人；物主语；宾语作宾语可省which物主语；宾语作宾语可省who人主语；宾语作宾语可省whom人宾语可省whose人；物定语不可省关系代词的用法最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。Thewomanwho/thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)(从句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间)thetallthestrongtheclev

4、erboyTheboyisTom.TheboywhoistallisTom.TheboywhoisstrongisTomTheboywhoiscleverisTomTheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语)TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.关系代词who,that作主语1.Yourfriendcametose

5、eyouyesterday.2.YourfriendstudiesinBeijingUniversity.Yourfriendwho/thatstudiesinBeijingUniversitycametoseeyouyesterday.关系代词whom,that作宾语1.Heistheman.2.Youhavebeenwaitingfortheman.Heistheman(whom/that)youhavebeenwaitingfor.关系代词which,that作主语1.Itsoundedlikeatrain.2.Atrainwasgoingundermyhouse.Itsound

6、edlikeatrainwhich/thatwasgoingundermyhouse.关系代词which/that作宾语1.Theearthisabigball.2.Weliveontheearth.Theearth(which/that)weliveonisabigball.关系代词1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr

7、.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语)Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryester