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1、Chapter12-shaft-designThebigpictureIdentifyexamplesofmechanicalsystemsthatincorporatepower-transmittingshafts.describetheirgeometryandtheforcesandtorquesthatareexertedonthem.Whatkindsofstressesareproducedintheshaft?Howareotherelementsmountedontheshaft?howdoestheshaftgeometryaccommodatethem?How
2、istheshaftsupported?Whatkindsofbearingsareused?Ashaftisthecomponentofamechanicaldevicethattransmitsrotationalmotionandpower.Itisintegraltoanymechanicalsysteminwhichpoweristransmittedfromaprimemover,suchasanelectricmotororanengine,tootherrotatingpartsofthesystem.Gear-typespeedreducers,beltorcha
3、indrives,conveyors,pumps,fans,agitators,andmanytypesofautomationequipment.Householdappliances,lawnmaintenanceequipment,partsofacar,powertools,andmachinesaroundanofficeorinyourworkplace.12-1objectivesofthischapterProposereasonablegeometriesforshaftstocarryavarietyoftypesofpower-transmittingelem
4、ents,providingforthesecurelocationofeachelementandthereliabletransmissionofpower.Computetheforcesexertedonshaftsbygears,beltsheaves,andchainsprockets.Determinethetorquedistributiononshafts.Prepareshearingforceandbendingmomentdiagramsforshaftsintwoplanes.Accountforstressconcentrationfactorscomm
5、onlyencounteredinshaftdesign,Specifyappropriatedesignstressesforshafts.Applytheshaftdesignprocedurerecommendedbythestandard,ANSIB106.1M-1985,DesignofTransmissionShafting,todeterminetherequireddiameterofshaftsatanysectiontoresistthecombinationoftorsionalshearstressandbendingstress.Specifyreason
6、ablefinaldimensionsforshaftsthatsatisfystrengthrequirementsandinstallationconsiderationsandthatarecompatiblewiththeelementsmountedontheshafts.轴的类型根据承受载荷的不同，轴可分为转轴、传动轴和心轴三种。转轴既承受转矩又承受弯矩，如减速器的转轴；传动轴主要承受转矩，不承受或承受很小的弯矩；如汽车的传动轴心轴只承受弯矩而不传递转矩；按轴线的形状轴可分为：直轴，曲轴和挠性轴。轴的结构设计(1)满足制造安装要求，便于加工、方便装拆；(2)满足定位要求
7、；(3)满足工艺性要求；12-2shaftdesignprocedureBecauseofthesimultaneousoccurrenceoftorsionalshearstressesandnormalstressesduetobending,thestressanalysisofashaftvirtuallyalwaysinvolvestheuseofacombinedstressapproach.Therecommendedapproachforshaftde
