LAW OF TORTS - University of Sydney：侵权行为法-悉尼大学.ppt

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1、LAWOFTORTSLECTURE4IntentionaltortstoChattelsActiononthecaseforWilfulInjuryNegligentTrespassNegligence–DutyofCareGregYoungTRESPASS&CLA2002s.3B(1)(a)CivilLiabilityAct(“CLA”)i.e.CLAdoesnotapplyto“intentionaltorts”,exceptPart7oftheAct.s.52(2)CLAsubjective/objectivetesti

2、.e.subjective("…believes…"&"…perceives…")/objective("…reasonableresponse…")test.s.53(1)(a)&(b)CLAi.e.“and”=twolimbtest;"exceptional"and"harshandunjust“arenotdefinedintheActsos.34oftheInterpretationAct1987.s.54(1)&(2)CLAi.e."Seriousoffence"and"offence"arecriminalterm

3、ssoreferenceshouldbemadetothecriminallawtoconfirmwhetherP'sactionsarecoveredbytheprovisions.TRESPASSTOPROPERTYTRESPASSTOPROPERTYLANDGOODS/CHATTELSTRESPASSTOPROPERTYTRESPASSTOPROPERTYLANDGOODS/CHATTELSPersonalpropertyTRESPASSTOGOODS/CHATTELTheintentional/negligentact

4、ofDwhichdirectlyinterfereswiththeplaintiff’spossessionofachattelwithoutlawfuljustificationThePmusthaveactualorconstructivepossessionatthetimeofinterference.DAMAGESItmaynotbeactionableperse(EverittvMartin)CONVERSIONTheactofDinrelationtoanother’schattelwhichconstitute

5、sanunjustifiabledenialofhis/hertitleCONVERSION:WhoCanSue?OwnersThoseinpossessionorentitledtoimmediatepossessionBailees*Bailors*Mortgagors*andMortgagees*(CiticorpAustraliavB.S.Stillwell)Finders(ParkervBritishAirways;ArmoryvDelmirie)ACTSOFCONVERSIONMereasportationisno

6、conversionFouldesvWilloughbyTheD’sconductmustconstituteanunjustifiabledenialofP’srightstothepropertyHowardEPerryvBritishRailwaysBoardFindersoflostpropertyParkervBritishAirwaysThepositionoftheauctioneerWillisvBritishCarAuctionsDestructionofthechattelisconversionAtkin

7、sonvRichardson;)TakingpossessionWithholdingpossessionClaytonvLeRoyACTSOFCONVERSIONMisdelivery(AshbyvTolhurst(19372KB);SydneyCityCouncilvWest)UnauthorizeddispositionsinanymannerthatinterfereswithP’stitleconstitutesconversion(PenfoldsWinesvElliott)DETINUEDetinue:Thewr

8、ongfulrefusaltotendergoodsupondemandbyP,whoisentitledtopossessionItrequiresademandcoupledwithsubsequentrefusal(GeneralandFinanceFacilities